| = JPA Hibernate |
| :index-group: JPA |
| :jbake-type: page |
| :jbake-status: published |
| |
| Este exemplo mostra a persistência, exclusão e a criação de uma query com JPA Hibernate. |
| A Java Persistence API (JPA) é uma especificação Java para acessar, persistir e gerenciar dados entre classes/objetos Java e um banco de dados relacional. |
| |
| Para exemplificar o uso da JPA vamos persistir um objeto (Movie) no banco de dados. |
| |
| Links para a documentação foram adicionados em partes chave do exemplo para o caso de duvidas e como forma de incentivar sua leitura em busca de detalhes. |
| |
| == Movie |
| |
| Aqui nós temos uma classe com alguns detalhes. Perceba a anotação |
| link:https://tomee.apache.org/tomee-8.0/javadoc/javax/persistence/Entity.html[@Entity] |
| acima da declaração da classe, com ela estamos dizendo que esta classe é uma entidade (uma tabela no banco de dados). Nós ainda temos mais duas anotações acima do atributo id, uma delas é o |
| link:https://tomee.apache.org/tomee-8.0/javadoc/javax/persistence/Id.html[@Id], |
| ele indica que este atributo é o identificador da entidade e a outra anotação |
| link:https://tomee.apache.org/tomee-8.0/javadoc/javax/persistence/GeneratedValue.html[@GeneratedValue] |
| indica que a geração desses identificadores unicos serão gerenciados pelo provedor da persistência. |
| |
| [source,java] |
| ---- |
| package org.superbiz.injection.h5jpa; |
| |
| import jakarta.persistence.Entity; |
| import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue; |
| import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType; |
| import jakarta.persistence.Id; |
| |
| @Entity |
| public class Movie { |
| |
| @Id |
| @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) |
| private long id; |
| |
| private String director; |
| private String title; |
| private int year; |
| |
| public Movie() { |
| } |
| |
| public Movie(String director, String title, int year) { |
| this.director = director; |
| this.title = title; |
| this.year = year; |
| } |
| |
| public String getDirector() { |
| return director; |
| } |
| |
| public void setDirector(String director) { |
| this.director = director; |
| } |
| |
| public String getTitle() { |
| return title; |
| } |
| |
| public void setTitle(String title) { |
| this.title = title; |
| } |
| |
| public int getYear() { |
| return year; |
| } |
| |
| public void setYear(int year) { |
| this.year = year; |
| } |
| |
| } |
| ---- |
| |
| == Movies |
| |
| Agora nós podemos notar duas coisas diferentes: a anotação |
| link:https://tomee.apache.org/tomee-9.0/javadoc/jakarta/persistence/PersistenceContext.html[@PersistenceContext] |
| e a declaração de um |
| link:https://tomee.apache.org/tomee-9.0/javadoc/jakarta/persistence/EntityManager.html[EntityManager]. |
| O |
| link:https://tomee.apache.org/tomee-9.0/javadoc/jakarta/persistence/EntityManager.html[EntityManager] |
| é uma interface com as principais funcionalidades do JPA como persist, remove, merge, find e outros... |
| Nós anotamos o |
| link:https://tomee.apache.org/tomee-9.0/javadoc/jakarta/persistence/EntityManager.html[EntityManager] |
| com |
| link:https://tomee.apache.org/tomee-9.0/javadoc/jakarta/persistence/PersistenceContext.html[@PersistenceContext], um contexto de persistência é um gerenciamento de entidades onde, todo contexto de persistência é associado com uma unidade de persistência (persistence-unit), logo criaremos um persistence.xml para isso. |
| |
| [source,java] |
| ---- |
| package org.superbiz.injection.h5jpa; |
| |
| import jakarta.ejb.Stateful; |
| import jakarta.persistence.EntityManager; |
| import jakarta.persistence.PersistenceContext; |
| import jakarta.persistence.PersistenceContextType; |
| import jakarta.persistence.Query; |
| import java.util.List; |
| |
| @Stateful |
| public class Movies { |
| |
| @PersistenceContext(unitName = "movie-unit", type = PersistenceContextType.EXTENDED) |
| private EntityManager entityManager; |
| |
| public void addMovie(Movie movie) throws Exception { |
| entityManager.persist(movie); |
| } |
| |
| public void deleteMovie(Movie movie) throws Exception { |
| entityManager.remove(movie); |
| } |
| |
| public List<Movie> getMovies() throws Exception { |
| Query query = entityManager.createQuery("SELECT m from Movie as m"); |
| return query.getResultList(); |
| } |
| } |
| ---- |
| |
| == persistence.xml |
| |
| Aqui nós definimos qual banco de dados vai gravar nossos filmes (Movie) e realizamos outras configurações como: definir uma unidade de persistência (persistence-unit) com o nome movie-unit, seguidos pela definição do provedor/implementação do JPA (no caso o hibernate) e definimos algumas properties para o hibernate. |
| Note-se que estamos a utilizar compositores de aplicação no nosso teste, pelo que não precisamos dele na sua representação xml. |
| |
| [source,xml] |
| ---- |
| <persistence xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/persistence" |
| xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" |
| xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/persistence https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_3_0.xsd" |
| version="3.0"> |
| <persistence-unit name="movie-unit"> |
| <provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider> |
| <jta-data-source>movieDatabase</jta-data-source> |
| <non-jta-data-source>movieDatabaseUnmanaged</non-jta-data-source> |
| <properties> |
| <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create-drop"/> |
| <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/> |
| <property name="tomee.jpa.cdi" value="false"/> |
| </properties> |
| </persistence-unit> |
| </persistence> |
| |
| ---- |
| |
| == MoviesTest |
| |
| Agora vamos realizar um teste, persistindo três filmes, em seguida realizamos uma busca e por fim nós os deletamos. |
| |
| [source,java] |
| ---- |
| package org.superbiz.injection.h5jpa; |
| |
| import jakarta.inject.Inject; |
| import org.apache.openejb.jee.EjbJar; |
| import org.apache.openejb.jee.jpa.unit.PersistenceUnit; |
| import org.apache.openejb.junit.ApplicationComposer; |
| import org.apache.openejb.testing.Classes; |
| import org.apache.openejb.testing.Configuration; |
| import org.apache.openejb.testing.Module; |
| import org.junit.Test; |
| import org.junit.runner.RunWith; |
| |
| import java.util.List; |
| import java.util.Properties; |
| |
| import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals; |
| |
| @RunWith(ApplicationComposer.class) |
| public class MoviesTest { |
| |
| @Inject |
| private Movies movies; |
| |
| @Module |
| public PersistenceUnit persistence() { |
| PersistenceUnit unit = new PersistenceUnit("movie-unit"); |
| unit.setJtaDataSource("movieDatabase"); |
| unit.setNonJtaDataSource("movieDatabaseUnmanaged"); |
| unit.getClazz().add(Movie.class.getName()); |
| unit.setProvider("org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider"); |
| unit.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "create-drop"); |
| unit.setProperty("tomee.jpa.cdi", "false"); |
| return unit; |
| } |
| |
| @Module |
| @Classes(cdi = true, value = Movies.class) |
| public EjbJar beans() { |
| EjbJar ejbJar = new EjbJar("movie-beans"); |
| return ejbJar; |
| } |
| |
| @Configuration |
| public Properties config() throws Exception { |
| Properties p = new Properties(); |
| p.put("movieDatabase", "new://Resource?type=DataSource"); |
| p.put("movieDatabase.JdbcDriver", "org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver"); |
| p.put("movieDatabase.JdbcUrl", "jdbc:hsqldb:mem:moviedb"); |
| return p; |
| } |
| |
| @Test |
| public void test() throws Exception { |
| movies.addMovie(new Movie("Quentin Tarantino", "Reservoir Dogs", 1992)); |
| movies.addMovie(new Movie("Joel Coen", "Fargo", 1996)); |
| movies.addMovie(new Movie("Joel Coen", "The Big Lebowski", 1998)); |
| |
| List<Movie> list = movies.getMovies(); |
| assertEquals("List.size()", 3, list.size()); |
| |
| for (Movie movie : list) { |
| movies.deleteMovie(movie); |
| } |
| |
| assertEquals("Movies.getMovies()", 0, movies.getMovies().size()); |
| } |
| } |
| ---- |
| |
| == Executando |
| |
| Para executar o exemplo com o maven, acesse a pasta do projeto: |
| |
| [source,bash] |
| ---- |
| cd jpa-hibernate |
| ---- |
| |
| E execute: |
| |
| [source,bash] |
| ---- |
| mvn clean install |
| ---- |
| |
| Com isso teremos uma saida no terminal similar a esta: |
| |
| [source,console] |
| ---- |
| ------------------------------------------------------- |
| T E S T S |
| ------------------------------------------------------- |
| Running org.superbiz.injection.h5jpa.MoviesTest |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Created new singletonService org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@176d53b2 |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Succeeded in installing singleton service |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Cannot find the configuration file [conf/openejb.xml]. Will attempt to create one for the beans deployed. |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Configuring Service(id=Default Security Service, type=SecurityService, provider-id=Default Security Service) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Configuring Service(id=Default Transaction Manager, type=TransactionManager, provider-id=Default Transaction Manager) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Configuring Service(id=movieDatabase, type=Resource, provider-id=Default JDBC Database) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Creating TransactionManager(id=Default Transaction Manager) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Creating SecurityService(id=Default Security Service) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Creating Resource(id=movieDatabase) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Configuring enterprise application: /home/zowallar/Dokumente/work/coding/tomee/examples/jpa-hibernate/MoviesTest |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Auto-deploying ejb Movies: EjbDeployment(deployment-id=Movies) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Configuring Service(id=Default Managed Container, type=Container, provider-id=Default Managed Container) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Auto-creating a container for bean org.superbiz.injection.h5jpa.MoviesTest: Container(type=MANAGED, id=Default Managed Container) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Creating Container(id=Default Managed Container) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Using directory /tmp for stateful session passivation |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Configuring Service(id=Default Stateful Container, type=Container, provider-id=Default Stateful Container) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Auto-creating a container for bean Movies: Container(type=STATEFUL, id=Default Stateful Container) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Creating Container(id=Default Stateful Container) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Using directory /tmp for stateful session passivation |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Configuring PersistenceUnit(name=movie-unit, provider=org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Auto-creating a Resource with id 'movieDatabaseNonJta' of type 'DataSource' for 'movie-unit'. |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Configuring Service(id=movieDatabaseNonJta, type=Resource, provider-id=movieDatabase) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Creating Resource(id=movieDatabaseNonJta) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:39 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Adjusting PersistenceUnit movie-unit <non-jta-data-source> to Resource ID 'movieDatabaseNonJta' from 'movieDatabaseUnmanaged' |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:40 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Enterprise application "/home/zowallar/Dokumente/work/coding/tomee/examples/jpa-hibernate/MoviesTest" loaded. |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:40 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Not creating another application classloader for MoviesTest |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:40 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Assembling app: /home/zowallar/Dokumente/work/coding/tomee/examples/jpa-hibernate/MoviesTest |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:40 VORM. org.hibernate.jpa.internal.util.LogHelper logPersistenceUnitInformation |
| INFO: HHH000204: Processing PersistenceUnitInfo [name: movie-unit] |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:40 VORM. org.hibernate.Version logVersion |
| INFO: HHH000412: Hibernate ORM core version 5.6.7.Final |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:40 VORM. org.hibernate.annotations.common.reflection.java.JavaReflectionManager <clinit> |
| INFO: HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {5.1.2.Final} |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:40 VORM. org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect <init> |
| INFO: HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:40 VORM. org.hibernate.resource.beans.spi.ManagedBeanRegistryInitiator resolveBeanContainer |
| INFO: HHH10005002: No explicit CDI BeanManager reference was passed to Hibernate, but CDI is available on the Hibernate ClassLoader. |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:40 VORM. org.hibernate.engine.transaction.jta.platform.internal.JtaPlatformInitiator initiateService |
| INFO: HHH000490: Using JtaPlatform implementation: [org.apache.openejb.hibernate.OpenEJBJtaPlatform2] |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:40 VORM. org.hibernate.validator.internal.util.Version <clinit> |
| INFO: HV000001: Hibernate Validator 7.0.4.Final |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:41 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: PersistenceUnit(name=movie-unit, provider=org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider) - provider time 1292ms |
| WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred |
| WARNING: Illegal reflective access by org.apache.openejb.util.proxy.ClassDefiner (file:/home/zowallar/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomee/openejb-core/9.0.0-M9-SNAPSHOT/openejb-core-9.0.0-M9-SNAPSHOT.jar) to method java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(java.lang.String,byte[],int,int,java.security.ProtectionDomain) |
| WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of org.apache.openejb.util.proxy.ClassDefiner |
| WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations |
| WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:41 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Jndi(name=MoviesLocalBean) --> Ejb(deployment-id=Movies) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:41 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Jndi(name=global/MoviesTest/movie-beans/Movies!org.superbiz.injection.h5jpa.Movies) --> Ejb(deployment-id=Movies) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:41 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Jndi(name=global/MoviesTest/movie-beans/Movies) --> Ejb(deployment-id=Movies) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:41 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Existing thread singleton service in SystemInstance(): org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@176d53b2 |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:41 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: OpenWebBeans Container is starting... |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:41 VORM. org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp |
| INFORMATION: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [CdiPlugin] |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:42 VORM. org.apache.webbeans.config.BeansDeployer validateInjectionPoints |
| INFORMATION: All injection points were validated successfully. |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:42 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: OpenWebBeans Container has started, it took 665 ms. |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:42 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Created Ejb(deployment-id=Movies, ejb-name=Movies, container=Default Stateful Container) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:42 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Started Ejb(deployment-id=Movies, ejb-name=Movies, container=Default Stateful Container) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:42 VORM. org.apache.batchee.container.services.ServicesManager init |
| WARNUNG: You didn't specify org.apache.batchee.jmx.application and JMX is already registered, skipping |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:42 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Deployed Application(path=/home/zowallar/Dokumente/work/coding/tomee/examples/jpa-hibernate/MoviesTest) |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:42 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Undeploying app: /home/zowallar/Dokumente/work/coding/tomee/examples/jpa-hibernate/MoviesTest |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:42 VORM. org.hibernate.tool.schema.internal.SchemaDropperImpl$DelayedDropActionImpl perform |
| INFO: HHH000477: Starting delayed evictData of schema as part of SessionFactory shut-down' |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:42 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Closing DataSource: movieDatabase |
| März 24, 2022 9:34:42 VORM. org.apache.openejb.util.LogStreamAsync run |
| INFORMATION: Closing DataSource: movieDatabaseNonJta |
| Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 3.567 sec |
| |
| Results : |
| |
| Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 |
| ---- |
