blob: 651a1d0eeee4e5da7172e6a9c54805ddd2b48d5e [file] [log] [blame]
// Copyright (c) 2011-present, Facebook, Inc. All rights reserved.
// This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the
// COPYING file in the root directory) and Apache 2.0 License
// (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory).
//
// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
#include "db/log_reader.h"
#include "db/log_writer.h"
#include "rocksdb/env.h"
#include "util/coding.h"
#include "util/crc32c.h"
#include "util/file_reader_writer.h"
#include "util/random.h"
#include "util/testharness.h"
#include "util/testutil.h"
namespace rocksdb {
namespace log {
// Construct a string of the specified length made out of the supplied
// partial string.
static std::string BigString(const std::string& partial_string, size_t n) {
std::string result;
while (result.size() < n) {
result.append(partial_string);
}
result.resize(n);
return result;
}
// Construct a string from a number
static std::string NumberString(int n) {
char buf[50];
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d.", n);
return std::string(buf);
}
// Return a skewed potentially long string
static std::string RandomSkewedString(int i, Random* rnd) {
return BigString(NumberString(i), rnd->Skewed(17));
}
class LogTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<int> {
private:
class StringSource : public SequentialFile {
public:
Slice& contents_;
bool force_error_;
size_t force_error_position_;
bool force_eof_;
size_t force_eof_position_;
bool returned_partial_;
explicit StringSource(Slice& contents) :
contents_(contents),
force_error_(false),
force_error_position_(0),
force_eof_(false),
force_eof_position_(0),
returned_partial_(false) { }
virtual Status Read(size_t n, Slice* result, char* scratch) override {
EXPECT_TRUE(!returned_partial_) << "must not Read() after eof/error";
if (force_error_) {
if (force_error_position_ >= n) {
force_error_position_ -= n;
} else {
*result = Slice(contents_.data(), force_error_position_);
contents_.remove_prefix(force_error_position_);
force_error_ = false;
returned_partial_ = true;
return Status::Corruption("read error");
}
}
if (contents_.size() < n) {
n = contents_.size();
returned_partial_ = true;
}
if (force_eof_) {
if (force_eof_position_ >= n) {
force_eof_position_ -= n;
} else {
force_eof_ = false;
n = force_eof_position_;
returned_partial_ = true;
}
}
// By using scratch we ensure that caller has control over the
// lifetime of result.data()
memcpy(scratch, contents_.data(), n);
*result = Slice(scratch, n);
contents_.remove_prefix(n);
return Status::OK();
}
virtual Status Skip(uint64_t n) override {
if (n > contents_.size()) {
contents_.clear();
return Status::NotFound("in-memory file skipepd past end");
}
contents_.remove_prefix(n);
return Status::OK();
}
};
class ReportCollector : public Reader::Reporter {
public:
size_t dropped_bytes_;
std::string message_;
ReportCollector() : dropped_bytes_(0) { }
virtual void Corruption(size_t bytes, const Status& status) override {
dropped_bytes_ += bytes;
message_.append(status.ToString());
}
};
std::string& dest_contents() {
auto dest =
dynamic_cast<test::StringSink*>(writer_.file()->writable_file());
assert(dest);
return dest->contents_;
}
const std::string& dest_contents() const {
auto dest =
dynamic_cast<const test::StringSink*>(writer_.file()->writable_file());
assert(dest);
return dest->contents_;
}
void reset_source_contents() {
auto src = dynamic_cast<StringSource*>(reader_.file()->file());
assert(src);
src->contents_ = dest_contents();
}
Slice reader_contents_;
unique_ptr<WritableFileWriter> dest_holder_;
unique_ptr<SequentialFileReader> source_holder_;
ReportCollector report_;
Writer writer_;
Reader reader_;
// Record metadata for testing initial offset functionality
static size_t initial_offset_record_sizes_[];
uint64_t initial_offset_last_record_offsets_[4];
public:
LogTest()
: reader_contents_(),
dest_holder_(test::GetWritableFileWriter(
new test::StringSink(&reader_contents_))),
source_holder_(
test::GetSequentialFileReader(new StringSource(reader_contents_))),
writer_(std::move(dest_holder_), 123, GetParam()),
reader_(NULL, std::move(source_holder_), &report_, true /*checksum*/,
0 /*initial_offset*/, 123) {
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
initial_offset_last_record_offsets_[0] = 0;
initial_offset_last_record_offsets_[1] = header_size + 10000;
initial_offset_last_record_offsets_[2] = 2 * (header_size + 10000);
initial_offset_last_record_offsets_[3] = 2 * (header_size + 10000) +
(2 * log::kBlockSize - 1000) +
3 * header_size;
}
Slice* get_reader_contents() { return &reader_contents_; }
void Write(const std::string& msg) {
writer_.AddRecord(Slice(msg));
}
size_t WrittenBytes() const {
return dest_contents().size();
}
std::string Read(const WALRecoveryMode wal_recovery_mode =
WALRecoveryMode::kTolerateCorruptedTailRecords) {
std::string scratch;
Slice record;
if (reader_.ReadRecord(&record, &scratch, wal_recovery_mode)) {
return record.ToString();
} else {
return "EOF";
}
}
void IncrementByte(int offset, int delta) {
dest_contents()[offset] += delta;
}
void SetByte(int offset, char new_byte) {
dest_contents()[offset] = new_byte;
}
void ShrinkSize(int bytes) {
auto dest =
dynamic_cast<test::StringSink*>(writer_.file()->writable_file());
assert(dest);
dest->Drop(bytes);
}
void FixChecksum(int header_offset, int len, bool recyclable) {
// Compute crc of type/len/data
int header_size = recyclable ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
uint32_t crc = crc32c::Value(&dest_contents()[header_offset + 6],
header_size - 6 + len);
crc = crc32c::Mask(crc);
EncodeFixed32(&dest_contents()[header_offset], crc);
}
void ForceError(size_t position = 0) {
auto src = dynamic_cast<StringSource*>(reader_.file()->file());
src->force_error_ = true;
src->force_error_position_ = position;
}
size_t DroppedBytes() const {
return report_.dropped_bytes_;
}
std::string ReportMessage() const {
return report_.message_;
}
void ForceEOF(size_t position = 0) {
auto src = dynamic_cast<StringSource*>(reader_.file()->file());
src->force_eof_ = true;
src->force_eof_position_ = position;
}
void UnmarkEOF() {
auto src = dynamic_cast<StringSource*>(reader_.file()->file());
src->returned_partial_ = false;
reader_.UnmarkEOF();
}
bool IsEOF() {
return reader_.IsEOF();
}
// Returns OK iff recorded error message contains "msg"
std::string MatchError(const std::string& msg) const {
if (report_.message_.find(msg) == std::string::npos) {
return report_.message_;
} else {
return "OK";
}
}
void WriteInitialOffsetLog() {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
std::string record(initial_offset_record_sizes_[i],
static_cast<char>('a' + i));
Write(record);
}
}
void CheckOffsetPastEndReturnsNoRecords(uint64_t offset_past_end) {
WriteInitialOffsetLog();
unique_ptr<SequentialFileReader> file_reader(
test::GetSequentialFileReader(new StringSource(reader_contents_)));
unique_ptr<Reader> offset_reader(
new Reader(NULL, std::move(file_reader), &report_,
true /*checksum*/, WrittenBytes() + offset_past_end, 123));
Slice record;
std::string scratch;
ASSERT_TRUE(!offset_reader->ReadRecord(&record, &scratch));
}
void CheckInitialOffsetRecord(uint64_t initial_offset,
int expected_record_offset) {
WriteInitialOffsetLog();
unique_ptr<SequentialFileReader> file_reader(
test::GetSequentialFileReader(new StringSource(reader_contents_)));
unique_ptr<Reader> offset_reader(
new Reader(NULL, std::move(file_reader), &report_,
true /*checksum*/, initial_offset, 123));
Slice record;
std::string scratch;
ASSERT_TRUE(offset_reader->ReadRecord(&record, &scratch));
ASSERT_EQ(initial_offset_record_sizes_[expected_record_offset],
record.size());
ASSERT_EQ(initial_offset_last_record_offsets_[expected_record_offset],
offset_reader->LastRecordOffset());
ASSERT_EQ((char)('a' + expected_record_offset), record.data()[0]);
}
};
size_t LogTest::initial_offset_record_sizes_[] =
{10000, // Two sizable records in first block
10000,
2 * log::kBlockSize - 1000, // Span three blocks
1};
TEST_P(LogTest, Empty) { ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read()); }
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadWrite) {
Write("foo");
Write("bar");
Write("");
Write("xxxx");
ASSERT_EQ("foo", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("bar", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("xxxx", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read()); // Make sure reads at eof work
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ManyBlocks) {
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
Write(NumberString(i));
}
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
ASSERT_EQ(NumberString(i), Read());
}
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, Fragmentation) {
Write("small");
Write(BigString("medium", 50000));
Write(BigString("large", 100000));
ASSERT_EQ("small", Read());
ASSERT_EQ(BigString("medium", 50000), Read());
ASSERT_EQ(BigString("large", 100000), Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, MarginalTrailer) {
// Make a trailer that is exactly the same length as an empty record.
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
const int n = kBlockSize - 2 * header_size;
Write(BigString("foo", n));
ASSERT_EQ((unsigned int)(kBlockSize - header_size), WrittenBytes());
Write("");
Write("bar");
ASSERT_EQ(BigString("foo", n), Read());
ASSERT_EQ("", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("bar", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, MarginalTrailer2) {
// Make a trailer that is exactly the same length as an empty record.
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
const int n = kBlockSize - 2 * header_size;
Write(BigString("foo", n));
ASSERT_EQ((unsigned int)(kBlockSize - header_size), WrittenBytes());
Write("bar");
ASSERT_EQ(BigString("foo", n), Read());
ASSERT_EQ("bar", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
ASSERT_EQ(0U, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("", ReportMessage());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ShortTrailer) {
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
const int n = kBlockSize - 2 * header_size + 4;
Write(BigString("foo", n));
ASSERT_EQ((unsigned int)(kBlockSize - header_size + 4), WrittenBytes());
Write("");
Write("bar");
ASSERT_EQ(BigString("foo", n), Read());
ASSERT_EQ("", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("bar", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, AlignedEof) {
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
const int n = kBlockSize - 2 * header_size + 4;
Write(BigString("foo", n));
ASSERT_EQ((unsigned int)(kBlockSize - header_size + 4), WrittenBytes());
ASSERT_EQ(BigString("foo", n), Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, RandomRead) {
const int N = 500;
Random write_rnd(301);
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
Write(RandomSkewedString(i, &write_rnd));
}
Random read_rnd(301);
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
ASSERT_EQ(RandomSkewedString(i, &read_rnd), Read());
}
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
}
// Tests of all the error paths in log_reader.cc follow:
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadError) {
Write("foo");
ForceError();
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
ASSERT_EQ((unsigned int)kBlockSize, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError("read error"));
}
TEST_P(LogTest, BadRecordType) {
Write("foo");
// Type is stored in header[6]
IncrementByte(6, 100);
FixChecksum(0, 3, false);
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
ASSERT_EQ(3U, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError("unknown record type"));
}
TEST_P(LogTest, TruncatedTrailingRecordIsIgnored) {
Write("foo");
ShrinkSize(4); // Drop all payload as well as a header byte
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
// Truncated last record is ignored, not treated as an error
ASSERT_EQ(0U, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("", ReportMessage());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, TruncatedTrailingRecordIsNotIgnored) {
Write("foo");
ShrinkSize(4); // Drop all payload as well as a header byte
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read(WALRecoveryMode::kAbsoluteConsistency));
// Truncated last record is ignored, not treated as an error
ASSERT_GT(DroppedBytes(), 0U);
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError("Corruption: truncated header"));
}
TEST_P(LogTest, BadLength) {
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
const int kPayloadSize = kBlockSize - header_size;
Write(BigString("bar", kPayloadSize));
Write("foo");
// Least significant size byte is stored in header[4].
IncrementByte(4, 1);
if (!GetParam()) {
ASSERT_EQ("foo", Read());
ASSERT_EQ(kBlockSize, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError("bad record length"));
} else {
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
}
}
TEST_P(LogTest, BadLengthAtEndIsIgnored) {
Write("foo");
ShrinkSize(1);
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
ASSERT_EQ(0U, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("", ReportMessage());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, BadLengthAtEndIsNotIgnored) {
Write("foo");
ShrinkSize(1);
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read(WALRecoveryMode::kAbsoluteConsistency));
ASSERT_GT(DroppedBytes(), 0U);
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError("Corruption: truncated header"));
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ChecksumMismatch) {
Write("foooooo");
IncrementByte(0, 14);
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
if (!GetParam()) {
ASSERT_EQ(14U, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError("checksum mismatch"));
} else {
ASSERT_EQ(0U, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("", ReportMessage());
}
}
TEST_P(LogTest, UnexpectedMiddleType) {
Write("foo");
SetByte(6, GetParam() ? kRecyclableMiddleType : kMiddleType);
FixChecksum(0, 3, !!GetParam());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
ASSERT_EQ(3U, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError("missing start"));
}
TEST_P(LogTest, UnexpectedLastType) {
Write("foo");
SetByte(6, GetParam() ? kRecyclableLastType : kLastType);
FixChecksum(0, 3, !!GetParam());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
ASSERT_EQ(3U, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError("missing start"));
}
TEST_P(LogTest, UnexpectedFullType) {
Write("foo");
Write("bar");
SetByte(6, GetParam() ? kRecyclableFirstType : kFirstType);
FixChecksum(0, 3, !!GetParam());
ASSERT_EQ("bar", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
ASSERT_EQ(3U, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError("partial record without end"));
}
TEST_P(LogTest, UnexpectedFirstType) {
Write("foo");
Write(BigString("bar", 100000));
SetByte(6, GetParam() ? kRecyclableFirstType : kFirstType);
FixChecksum(0, 3, !!GetParam());
ASSERT_EQ(BigString("bar", 100000), Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
ASSERT_EQ(3U, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError("partial record without end"));
}
TEST_P(LogTest, MissingLastIsIgnored) {
Write(BigString("bar", kBlockSize));
// Remove the LAST block, including header.
ShrinkSize(14);
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("", ReportMessage());
ASSERT_EQ(0U, DroppedBytes());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, MissingLastIsNotIgnored) {
Write(BigString("bar", kBlockSize));
// Remove the LAST block, including header.
ShrinkSize(14);
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read(WALRecoveryMode::kAbsoluteConsistency));
ASSERT_GT(DroppedBytes(), 0U);
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError("Corruption: error reading trailing data"));
}
TEST_P(LogTest, PartialLastIsIgnored) {
Write(BigString("bar", kBlockSize));
// Cause a bad record length in the LAST block.
ShrinkSize(1);
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("", ReportMessage());
ASSERT_EQ(0U, DroppedBytes());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, PartialLastIsNotIgnored) {
Write(BigString("bar", kBlockSize));
// Cause a bad record length in the LAST block.
ShrinkSize(1);
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read(WALRecoveryMode::kAbsoluteConsistency));
ASSERT_GT(DroppedBytes(), 0U);
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError(
"Corruption: truncated headerCorruption: "
"error reading trailing data"));
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ErrorJoinsRecords) {
// Consider two fragmented records:
// first(R1) last(R1) first(R2) last(R2)
// where the middle two fragments disappear. We do not want
// first(R1),last(R2) to get joined and returned as a valid record.
// Write records that span two blocks
Write(BigString("foo", kBlockSize));
Write(BigString("bar", kBlockSize));
Write("correct");
// Wipe the middle block
for (unsigned int offset = kBlockSize; offset < 2*kBlockSize; offset++) {
SetByte(offset, 'x');
}
if (!GetParam()) {
ASSERT_EQ("correct", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
size_t dropped = DroppedBytes();
ASSERT_LE(dropped, 2 * kBlockSize + 100);
ASSERT_GE(dropped, 2 * kBlockSize);
} else {
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
}
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadStart) { CheckInitialOffsetRecord(0, 0); }
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadSecondOneOff) { CheckInitialOffsetRecord(1, 1); }
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadSecondTenThousand) { CheckInitialOffsetRecord(10000, 1); }
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadSecondStart) {
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
CheckInitialOffsetRecord(10000 + header_size, 1);
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadThirdOneOff) {
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
CheckInitialOffsetRecord(10000 + header_size + 1, 2);
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadThirdStart) {
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
CheckInitialOffsetRecord(20000 + 2 * header_size, 2);
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadFourthOneOff) {
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
CheckInitialOffsetRecord(20000 + 2 * header_size + 1, 3);
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadFourthFirstBlockTrailer) {
CheckInitialOffsetRecord(log::kBlockSize - 4, 3);
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadFourthMiddleBlock) {
CheckInitialOffsetRecord(log::kBlockSize + 1, 3);
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadFourthLastBlock) {
CheckInitialOffsetRecord(2 * log::kBlockSize + 1, 3);
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadFourthStart) {
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
CheckInitialOffsetRecord(
2 * (header_size + 1000) + (2 * log::kBlockSize - 1000) + 3 * header_size,
3);
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadEnd) { CheckOffsetPastEndReturnsNoRecords(0); }
TEST_P(LogTest, ReadPastEnd) { CheckOffsetPastEndReturnsNoRecords(5); }
TEST_P(LogTest, ClearEofSingleBlock) {
Write("foo");
Write("bar");
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
ForceEOF(3 + header_size + 2);
ASSERT_EQ("foo", Read());
UnmarkEOF();
ASSERT_EQ("bar", Read());
ASSERT_TRUE(IsEOF());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
Write("xxx");
UnmarkEOF();
ASSERT_EQ("xxx", Read());
ASSERT_TRUE(IsEOF());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ClearEofMultiBlock) {
size_t num_full_blocks = 5;
int header_size = GetParam() ? kRecyclableHeaderSize : kHeaderSize;
size_t n = (kBlockSize - header_size) * num_full_blocks + 25;
Write(BigString("foo", n));
Write(BigString("bar", n));
ForceEOF(n + num_full_blocks * header_size + header_size + 3);
ASSERT_EQ(BigString("foo", n), Read());
ASSERT_TRUE(IsEOF());
UnmarkEOF();
ASSERT_EQ(BigString("bar", n), Read());
ASSERT_TRUE(IsEOF());
Write(BigString("xxx", n));
UnmarkEOF();
ASSERT_EQ(BigString("xxx", n), Read());
ASSERT_TRUE(IsEOF());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ClearEofError) {
// If an error occurs during Read() in UnmarkEOF(), the records contained
// in the buffer should be returned on subsequent calls of ReadRecord()
// until no more full records are left, whereafter ReadRecord() should return
// false to indicate that it cannot read any further.
Write("foo");
Write("bar");
UnmarkEOF();
ASSERT_EQ("foo", Read());
ASSERT_TRUE(IsEOF());
Write("xxx");
ForceError(0);
UnmarkEOF();
ASSERT_EQ("bar", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
}
TEST_P(LogTest, ClearEofError2) {
Write("foo");
Write("bar");
UnmarkEOF();
ASSERT_EQ("foo", Read());
Write("xxx");
ForceError(3);
UnmarkEOF();
ASSERT_EQ("bar", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
ASSERT_EQ(3U, DroppedBytes());
ASSERT_EQ("OK", MatchError("read error"));
}
TEST_P(LogTest, Recycle) {
if (!GetParam()) {
return; // test is only valid for recycled logs
}
Write("foo");
Write("bar");
Write("baz");
Write("bif");
Write("blitz");
while (get_reader_contents()->size() < log::kBlockSize * 2) {
Write("xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx");
}
unique_ptr<WritableFileWriter> dest_holder(test::GetWritableFileWriter(
new test::OverwritingStringSink(get_reader_contents())));
Writer recycle_writer(std::move(dest_holder), 123, true);
recycle_writer.AddRecord(Slice("foooo"));
recycle_writer.AddRecord(Slice("bar"));
ASSERT_GE(get_reader_contents()->size(), log::kBlockSize * 2);
ASSERT_EQ("foooo", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("bar", Read());
ASSERT_EQ("EOF", Read());
}
INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(bool, LogTest, ::testing::Values(0, 2));
} // namespace log
} // namespace rocksdb
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}