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<article data-swiftype-index='true'>
<a class='edit-link' href="https://github.com/apache/ignite-3/tree/main/docs/_docs/sql/odbc/querying-modifying-data.adoc" target="_blank">Edit</a>
<h1>Querying and Modifying Data</h1>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="overview">Overview</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This page describes how to connect to a cluster and execute a variety of SQL queries by using the ODBC driver.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The ODBC driver supports DML (Data Modification Layer), which means that you can modify your data using an ODBC connection.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="creating-tables">Creating Tables</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The simplest way to create tables by using ODBC Driver is to use DDL statements:</p>
</div>
<code-tabs><code-tab data-tab='DDL'><div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="cpp"><span class="n">SQLHENV</span> <span class="n">env</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// Allocate an environment handle</span>
<span class="n">SQLAllocHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_ENV</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_NULL_HANDLE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">env</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Use ODBC ver 3.8</span>
<span class="n">SQLSetEnvAttr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">env</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_ATTR_ODBC_VERSION</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_OV_ODBC3_80</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLHDBC</span> <span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// Allocate a connection handle</span>
<span class="n">SQLAllocHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_DBC</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">env</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Prepare the connection string</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">connectStr</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"Driver={Apache Ignite 3};ADDRESS=localhost:10800;SCHEMA=PUBLIC;"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// Connecting to the Cluster.</span>
<span class="n">SQLDriverConnect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">connectStr</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_NTS</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_DRIVER_COMPLETE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLHSTMT</span> <span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// Allocate a statement handle</span>
<span class="n">SQLAllocHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_STMT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">query1</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"CREATE TABLE Person ( "</span>
<span class="s">"id LONG PRIMARY KEY, "</span>
<span class="s">"firstName VARCHAR, "</span>
<span class="s">"lastName VARCHAR, "</span>
<span class="s">"salary FLOAT) "";</span><span class="err">
</span><span class="s">SQLExecDirect(stmt, query1, SQL_NTS);</span><span class="err">
</span><span class="s">SQLCHAR query2[] = "</span><span class="n">CREATE</span> <span class="n">TABLE</span> <span class="n">Organization</span> <span class="p">(</span> <span class="s">"</span><span class="err">
</span><span class="s"> "</span><span class="n">id</span> <span class="n">LONG</span> <span class="n">PRIMARY</span> <span class="n">KEY</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"</span><span class="err">
</span><span class="s"> "</span><span class="n">name</span> <span class="n">VARCHAR</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="s">""</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLExecDirect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">query2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_NTS</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">query3</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"CREATE INDEX idx_organization_name ON Organization (name)"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLExecDirect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">query3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_NTS</span><span class="p">);</span></code></pre>
</div>
</div></code-tab></code-tabs>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>As you can see, we defined two tables that will contain the data of <code>Person</code> and <code>Organization</code> types.
For both types, we listed specific fields and indexes that will be read or updated using SQL.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="handling-errors">Handling Errors</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The section below covers how you can handle possible errors when working with ODBC. In this example we handle an issue with connecting to the cluste</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="c1">// Connecting to Ignite Cluster.</span>
<span class="n">SQLRETURN</span> <span class="n">ret</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SQLDriverConnect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">connectStr</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_NTS</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_DRIVER_COMPLETE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">SQL_SUCCEEDED</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">sqlstate</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">};</span>
<span class="n">SQLINTEGER</span> <span class="n">nativeCode</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">errMsg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">BUFFER_SIZE</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">};</span>
<span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span> <span class="n">errMsgLen</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">static_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">errMsg</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="n">SQLGetDiagRec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_DBC</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sqlstate</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nativeCode</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">errMsg</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">errMsgLen</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">errMsgLen</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">cerr</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">"Failed to connect to Ignite: "</span>
<span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sqlstate</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">": "</span>
<span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">errMsg</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">", "</span>
<span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">"Native error code: "</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">nativeCode</span>
<span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// Releasing allocated handles.</span>
<span class="n">SQLFreeHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_DBC</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLFreeHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_ENV</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">env</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span></code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="querying-data">Querying Data</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>After everything is up and running, we&#8217;re ready to execute <code>SQL SELECT</code> queries using the <code>ODBC API</code>.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="n">SQLHSTMT</span> <span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// Allocate a statement handle</span>
<span class="n">SQLAllocHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_STMT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"SELECT firstName, lastName, salary, Organization.name FROM Person "</span>
<span class="s">"INNER JOIN Organization ON Person.orgId = Organization.id"</span>
<span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span> <span class="n">queryLen</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">static_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queryLen</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="n">SQLRETURN</span> <span class="n">ret</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SQLExecDirect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">queryLen</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="o">!</span><span class="n">SQL_SUCCEEDED</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">sqlstate</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">};</span>
<span class="n">SQLINTEGER</span> <span class="n">nativeCode</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">errMsg</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">BUFFER_SIZE</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">};</span>
<span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span> <span class="n">errMsgLen</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">static_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">errMsg</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="n">SQLGetDiagRec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_DBC</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sqlstate</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nativeCode</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">errMsg</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">errMsgLen</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">errMsgLen</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">cerr</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">"Failed to perfrom SQL query: "</span>
<span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sqlstate</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">": "</span>
<span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">errMsg</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">", "</span>
<span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">"Native error code: "</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">nativeCode</span>
<span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">else</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="c1">// Printing the result set.</span>
<span class="k">struct</span> <span class="nc">OdbcStringBuffer</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">buffer</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">BUFFER_SIZE</span><span class="p">];</span>
<span class="n">SQLLEN</span> <span class="n">resLen</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="c1">// Getting a number of columns in the result set.</span>
<span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span> <span class="n">columnsCnt</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLNumResultCols</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">columnsCnt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Allocating buffers for columns.</span>
<span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">vector</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">OdbcStringBuffer</span><span class="o">&gt;</span> <span class="n">columns</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">columnsCnt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Binding colums. For simplicity we are going to use only</span>
<span class="c1">// string buffers here.</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">columnsCnt</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="o">++</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">SQLBindCol</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_C_CHAR</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">columns</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">buffer</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">BUFFER_SIZE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">columns</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">resLen</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Fetching and printing data in a loop.</span>
<span class="n">ret</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SQLFetch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">while</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_SUCCEEDED</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ret</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">size_t</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="n">columns</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">();</span> <span class="o">++</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">cout</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">setw</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">left</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">columns</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">].</span><span class="n">buffer</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="s">" "</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">cout</span> <span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">endl</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">ret</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SQLFetch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="c1">// Releasing statement handle.</span>
<span class="n">SQLFreeHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_STMT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span></code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock note">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<div class="title">Note</div>
</td>
<td class="content">
<h3 id="columns-binding" class="discrete">Columns binding</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>In the example above, we bind all columns to the SQL_C_CHAR columns. This means that all values are going to be converted to strings upon fetching. This is done for the sake of simplicity. Value conversion upon fetching can be pretty slow; so your default decision should be to fetch the value the same way as it is stored.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="inserting-data">Inserting Data</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>To insert new data into the cluster, <code>SQL INSERT</code> statements can be used from the ODBC side.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="n">SQLHSTMT</span> <span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// Allocate a statement handle</span>
<span class="n">SQLAllocHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_STMT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="o">=</span>
<span class="s">"INSERT INTO Person (id, orgId, firstName, lastName, resume, salary) "</span>
<span class="s">"VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLPrepare</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">static_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)));</span>
<span class="c1">// Binding columns.</span>
<span class="kt">int64_t</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">int64_t</span> <span class="n">orgId</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">char</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="p">};</span>
<span class="n">SQLLEN</span> <span class="n">nameLen</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">SQL_NTS</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">double</span> <span class="n">salary</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLBindParameter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_PARAM_INPUT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_C_SLONG</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_BIGINT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLBindParameter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_PARAM_INPUT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_C_SLONG</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_BIGINT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">orgId</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLBindParameter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_PARAM_INPUT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_C_CHAR</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_VARCHAR</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">nameLen</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLBindParameter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_PARAM_INPUT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_C_DOUBLE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_DOUBLE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">salary</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Filling cache.</span>
<span class="n">key</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">orgId</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">strncpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"John"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="n">salary</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">2200.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLExecute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLMoreResults</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="o">++</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">orgId</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">strncpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"Jane"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="n">salary</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">1300.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLExecute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLMoreResults</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="o">++</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">orgId</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">strncpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"Richard"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="n">salary</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">900.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLExecute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLMoreResults</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="o">++</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">orgId</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">strncpy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"Mary"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="p">));</span>
<span class="n">salary</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">2400.0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLExecute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="c1">// Releasing statement handle.</span>
<span class="n">SQLFreeHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_STMT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span></code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Next, we are going to insert additional organizations without the usage of prepared statements.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="n">SQLHSTMT</span> <span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// Allocate a statement handle</span>
<span class="n">SQLAllocHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_STMT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">query1</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"INSERT INTO Organization (id, name) VALUES (1L, 'Some company')"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLExecDirect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">query1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">static_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query1</span><span class="p">)));</span>
<span class="n">SQLFreeStmt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_CLOSE</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">query2</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"INSERT INTO Organization (id, name) VALUES (2L, 'Some other company')"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLExecDirect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">query2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">static_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query2</span><span class="p">)));</span>
<span class="c1">// Releasing statement handle.</span>
<span class="n">SQLFreeHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_STMT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span></code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock warning">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<div class="title">Warning</div>
</td>
<td class="content">
<h3 id="error-checking" class="discrete">Error Checking</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>For simplicity the example code above does not check for an error return code. You will want to do error checking in production.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="updating-data">Updating Data</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Let&#8217;s now update the salary for some of the persons stored in the cluster using SQL <code>UPDATE</code> statement.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">AdjustSalary</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQLHDBC</span> <span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">int64_t</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">double</span> <span class="n">salary</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">SQLHSTMT</span> <span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// Allocate a statement handle</span>
<span class="n">SQLAllocHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_STMT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"UPDATE Person SET salary=? WHERE id=?"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLBindParameter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_PARAM_INPUT</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">SQL_C_DOUBLE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_DOUBLE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">salary</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLBindParameter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_PARAM_INPUT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_C_SLONG</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">SQL_BIGINT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLExecDirect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">static_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)));</span>
<span class="c1">// Releasing statement handle.</span>
<span class="n">SQLFreeHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_STMT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">...</span>
<span class="n">AdjustSalary</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1200.0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">AdjustSalary</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">2500.0</span><span class="p">);</span></code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="deleting-data">Deleting Data</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Finally, let&#8217;s remove a few records with the help of SQL <code>DELETE</code> statement.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="rouge highlight"><code data-lang="c++"><span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">DeletePerson</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQLHDBC</span> <span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kt">int64_t</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="n">SQLHSTMT</span> <span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// Allocate a statement handle</span>
<span class="n">SQLAllocHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_STMT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLCHAR</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="p">[]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"DELETE FROM Person WHERE id=?"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">SQLBindParameter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_PARAM_INPUT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_C_SLONG</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SQL_BIGINT</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">SQLExecDirect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">query</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="k">static_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">SQLSMALLINT</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">sizeof</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">query</span><span class="p">)));</span>
<span class="c1">// Releasing statement handle.</span>
<span class="n">SQLFreeHandle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">SQL_HANDLE_STMT</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stmt</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">...</span>
<span class="n">DeletePerson</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">DeletePerson</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dbc</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">);</span></code></pre>
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© 2024 The Apache Software Foundation.<br/>
Apache, Apache Ignite, the Apache feather and the Apache Ignite logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation.
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<li><a href="#inserting-data">Inserting Data</a></li>
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