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| <h5>YARN</h5> |
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| <a href="../../hadoop-yarn/hadoop-yarn-site/NodeLabel.html">Node Labels</a> |
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| <a href="../../hadoop-yarn/hadoop-yarn-site/NodeAttributes.html">Node Attributes</a> |
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| <a href="../../hadoop-yarn/hadoop-yarn-site/Federation.html">YARN Federation</a> |
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| <a href="../../hadoop-yarn/hadoop-yarn-site/SharedCache.html">Shared Cache</a> |
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| <a href="../../hadoop-yarn/hadoop-yarn-site/UsingGpus.html">Using GPU</a> |
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| <a href="../../hadoop-yarn/hadoop-yarn-site/YarnUI2.html">YARN UI2</a> |
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| <h5>YARN REST APIs</h5> |
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| <a href="../../hadoop-yarn/hadoop-yarn-site/NodeManagerRest.html">Node Manager</a> |
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| <h5>YARN Service</h5> |
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| <h5>Hadoop Compatible File Systems</h5> |
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| --> |
| <h1>Hadoop: Setting up a Single Node Cluster.</h1> |
| <ul> |
| <li><a href="#Purpose">Purpose</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#Prerequisites">Prerequisites</a> |
| <ul> |
| <li><a href="#Supported_Platforms">Supported Platforms</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#Required_Software">Required Software</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#Installing_Software">Installing Software</a></li></ul></li> |
| <li><a href="#Download">Download</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#Prepare_to_Start_the_Hadoop_Cluster">Prepare to Start the Hadoop Cluster</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#Standalone_Operation">Standalone Operation</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#Pseudo-Distributed_Operation">Pseudo-Distributed Operation</a> |
| <ul> |
| <li><a href="#Configuration">Configuration</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#Setup_passphraseless_ssh">Setup passphraseless ssh</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#Execution">Execution</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#YARN_on_a_Single_Node">YARN on a Single Node</a></li></ul></li> |
| <li><a href="#Fully-Distributed_Operation">Fully-Distributed Operation</a></li></ul> |
| |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="Purpose"></a>Purpose</h2> |
| <p>This document describes how to set up and configure a single-node Hadoop installation so that you can quickly perform simple operations using Hadoop MapReduce and the Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS).</p></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="Prerequisites"></a>Prerequisites</h2> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h3><a name="Supported_Platforms"></a>Supported Platforms</h3> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>GNU/Linux is supported as a development and production platform. Hadoop has been demonstrated on GNU/Linux clusters with 2000 nodes.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Windows is also a supported platform but the followings steps are for Linux only. To set up Hadoop on Windows, see <a class="externalLink" href="http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/Hadoop2OnWindows">wiki page</a>.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h3><a name="Required_Software"></a>Required Software</h3> |
| <p>Required software for Linux include:</p> |
| <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Java™ must be installed. Recommended Java versions are described at <a class="externalLink" href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/HADOOP/Hadoop+Java+Versions">HadoopJavaVersions</a>.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>ssh must be installed and sshd must be running to use the Hadoop scripts that manage remote Hadoop daemons if the optional start and stop scripts are to be used. Additionally, it is recommmended that pdsh also be installed for better ssh resource management.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ol></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h3><a name="Installing_Software"></a>Installing Software</h3> |
| <p>If your cluster doesn’t have the requisite software you will need to install it.</p> |
| <p>For example on Ubuntu Linux:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ sudo apt-get install ssh |
| $ sudo apt-get install pdsh |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </div></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="Download"></a>Download</h2> |
| <p>To get a Hadoop distribution, download a recent stable release from one of the <a class="externalLink" href="http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi/hadoop/common/">Apache Download Mirrors</a>.</p></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="Prepare_to_Start_the_Hadoop_Cluster"></a>Prepare to Start the Hadoop Cluster</h2> |
| <p>Unpack the downloaded Hadoop distribution. In the distribution, edit the file <tt>etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh</tt> to define some parameters as follows:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> # set to the root of your Java installation |
| export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/latest |
| </pre></div></div> |
| |
| <p>Try the following command:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ bin/hadoop |
| </pre></div></div> |
| |
| <p>This will display the usage documentation for the hadoop script.</p> |
| <p>Now you are ready to start your Hadoop cluster in one of the three supported modes:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li><a href="#Standalone_Operation">Local (Standalone) Mode</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#Pseudo-Distributed_Operation">Pseudo-Distributed Mode</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#Fully-Distributed_Operation">Fully-Distributed Mode</a></li> |
| </ul></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="Standalone_Operation"></a>Standalone Operation</h2> |
| <p>By default, Hadoop is configured to run in a non-distributed mode, as a single Java process. This is useful for debugging.</p> |
| <p>The following example copies the unpacked conf directory to use as input and then finds and displays every match of the given regular expression. Output is written to the given output directory.</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ mkdir input |
| $ cp etc/hadoop/*.xml input |
| $ bin/hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.3.1.jar grep input output 'dfs[a-z.]+' |
| $ cat output/* |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="Pseudo-Distributed_Operation"></a>Pseudo-Distributed Operation</h2> |
| <p>Hadoop can also be run on a single-node in a pseudo-distributed mode where each Hadoop daemon runs in a separate Java process.</p> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h3><a name="Configuration"></a>Configuration</h3> |
| <p>Use the following:</p> |
| <p>etc/hadoop/core-site.xml:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"><configuration> |
| <property> |
| <name>fs.defaultFS</name> |
| <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value> |
| </property> |
| </configuration> |
| </pre></div></div> |
| |
| <p>etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"><configuration> |
| <property> |
| <name>dfs.replication</name> |
| <value>1</value> |
| </property> |
| </configuration> |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h3><a name="Setup_passphraseless_ssh"></a>Setup passphraseless ssh</h3> |
| <p>Now check that you can ssh to the localhost without a passphrase:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ ssh localhost |
| </pre></div></div> |
| |
| <p>If you cannot ssh to localhost without a passphrase, execute the following commands:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa |
| $ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys |
| $ chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h3><a name="Execution"></a>Execution</h3> |
| <p>The following instructions are to run a MapReduce job locally. If you want to execute a job on YARN, see <a href="#YARN_on_a_Single_Node">YARN on Single Node</a>.</p> |
| <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Format the filesystem:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ bin/hdfs namenode -format |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Start NameNode daemon and DataNode daemon:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ sbin/start-dfs.sh |
| </pre></div></div> |
| |
| <p>The hadoop daemon log output is written to the <tt>$HADOOP_LOG_DIR</tt> directory (defaults to <tt>$HADOOP_HOME/logs</tt>).</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Browse the web interface for the NameNode; by default it is available at:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li>NameNode - <tt>http://localhost:9870/</tt></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Make the HDFS directories required to execute MapReduce jobs:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ bin/hdfs dfs -mkdir /user |
| $ bin/hdfs dfs -mkdir /user/<username> |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Copy the input files into the distributed filesystem:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ bin/hdfs dfs -mkdir input |
| $ bin/hdfs dfs -put etc/hadoop/*.xml input |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Run some of the examples provided:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ bin/hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-3.3.1.jar grep input output 'dfs[a-z.]+' |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Examine the output files: Copy the output files from the distributed filesystem to the local filesystem and examine them:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ bin/hdfs dfs -get output output |
| $ cat output/* |
| </pre></div></div> |
| |
| <p>or</p> |
| <p>View the output files on the distributed filesystem:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ bin/hdfs dfs -cat output/* |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>When you’re done, stop the daemons with:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ sbin/stop-dfs.sh |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </li> |
| </ol></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h3><a name="YARN_on_a_Single_Node"></a>YARN on a Single Node</h3> |
| <p>You can run a MapReduce job on YARN in a pseudo-distributed mode by setting a few parameters and running ResourceManager daemon and NodeManager daemon in addition.</p> |
| <p>The following instructions assume that 1. ~ 4. steps of <a href="#Execution">the above instructions</a> are already executed.</p> |
| <ol style="list-style-type: decimal"> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Configure parameters as follows:</p> |
| <p><tt>etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml</tt>:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"><configuration> |
| <property> |
| <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name> |
| <value>yarn</value> |
| </property> |
| <property> |
| <name>mapreduce.application.classpath</name> |
| <value>$HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME/share/hadoop/mapreduce/*:$HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME/share/hadoop/mapreduce/lib/*</value> |
| </property> |
| </configuration> |
| </pre></div></div> |
| |
| <p><tt>etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml</tt>:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"><configuration> |
| <property> |
| <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name> |
| <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value> |
| </property> |
| <property> |
| <name>yarn.nodemanager.env-whitelist</name> |
| <value>JAVA_HOME,HADOOP_COMMON_HOME,HADOOP_HDFS_HOME,HADOOP_CONF_DIR,CLASSPATH_PREPEND_DISTCACHE,HADOOP_YARN_HOME,HADOOP_HOME,PATH,LANG,TZ,HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME</value> |
| </property> |
| </configuration> |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Start ResourceManager daemon and NodeManager daemon:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ sbin/start-yarn.sh |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Browse the web interface for the ResourceManager; by default it is available at:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li>ResourceManager - <tt>http://localhost:8088/</tt></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>Run a MapReduce job.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <p>When you’re done, stop the daemons with:</p> |
| |
| <div> |
| <div> |
| <pre class="source"> $ sbin/stop-yarn.sh |
| </pre></div></div> |
| </li> |
| </ol></div></div> |
| <div class="section"> |
| <h2><a name="Fully-Distributed_Operation"></a>Fully-Distributed Operation</h2> |
| <p>For information on setting up fully-distributed, non-trivial clusters see <a href="./ClusterSetup.html">Cluster Setup</a>.</p></div> |
| </div> |
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