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d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></li><li><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html" target="_blank">捐赠<svg width="15px" height="15px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" class="icon-external-link"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></a></li><li><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html" target="_blank">鸣谢<svg width="15px" height="15px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" version="1.1" 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class="title">入门篇</span></div> <ul class="nav bd-sidenav level1"><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/basics/download" class="nav-link"><span class="title">获取 ECharts</span></a> <!----></li><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/basics/import" class="nav-link"><span class="title">在项目中引入 ECharts</span></a> <!----></li><!----><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/basics/inspiration" class="nav-link"><span class="title">获取灵感</span></a> <!----></li><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/basics/help" class="nav-link"><span class="title">寻求帮助</span></a> <!----></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link"><span class="title">版本介绍</span> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-menu-down"></span></a> <!----></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"><div class="nav-link"><span class="title">概念篇</span></div> <ul class="nav bd-sidenav level1"><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/chart-size" class="nav-link"><span class="title">图表容器及大小</span></a> <!----></li><!----><!----><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/style" aria-current="page" class="nav-link nuxt-link-exact-active nuxt-link-active"><span class="title">样式</span></a> <!----></li><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/dataset" class="nav-link"><span class="title">数据集</span></a> <!----></li><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/data-transform" class="nav-link"><span class="title">数据转换</span></a> <!----></li><!----><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/axis" class="nav-link"><span class="title">坐标轴</span></a> <!----></li><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/visual-map" class="nav-link"><span class="title">视觉映射</span></a> <!----></li><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/legend" class="nav-link"><span class="title">图例</span></a> <!----></li><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/event" class="nav-link"><span class="title">事件与行为</span></a> <!----></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"><div class="nav-link"><span class="title">应用篇</span></div> <ul class="nav bd-sidenav level1"><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link"><span class="title">常用图表类型</span> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-menu-down"></span></a> <!----></li><!----><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link"><span class="title">跨平台方案</span> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-menu-down"></span></a> <!----></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link"><span class="title">数据处理</span> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-menu-down"></span></a> <!----></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link"><span class="title">标签</span> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-menu-down"></span></a> <!----></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link"><span class="title">交互</span> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-menu-down"></span></a> <!----></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"><div class="nav-link"><span class="title">最佳实践</span></div> <ul class="nav bd-sidenav level1"><!----><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/best-practice/canvas-vs-svg" class="nav-link"><span class="title">Canvas vs. SVG</span></a> <!----></li><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/best-practice/aria" class="nav-link"><span class="title">无障碍访问</span></a> <!----></li></ul></li><li class="nav-item"><div class="nav-link"><span class="title">编辑本文档</span></div> <ul class="nav bd-sidenav level1"><li class="nav-item"><a href="/handbook/zh/meta/edit-guide" class="nav-link"><span class="title">文档编辑指南</span></a> <!----></li></ul></li></ul></div></div> <div class="bd-content col-sm-7 pl-sm-2 col-12"><div class="post-content content"><div><div class="post-inner"><div class="nuxt-content"><h1 id="echarts-中的样式简介"><a href="#echarts-%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E6%A0%B7%E5%BC%8F%E7%AE%80%E4%BB%8B" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>ECharts 中的样式简介</h1> | |
| <p>本文主要是大略概述，用哪些方法，可以在 Apache ECharts<sup>TM</sup> 中设置样式，改变图形元素或者文字的颜色、明暗、大小等。</p> | |
| <blockquote> | |
| <p>之所以用“样式”这种可能不很符合数据可视化思维的词，是因为，比较通俗易懂。</p> | |
| </blockquote> | |
| <p>本文介绍这几种方式，他们的功能范畴可能会有交叉（即同一种细节的效果可能可以用不同的方式实现），但是他们各有各的场景偏好。</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li>颜色主题（Theme）</li> | |
| <li>调色盘</li> | |
| <li>直接样式设置（itemStyle、lineStyle、areaStyle、label、...）</li> | |
| <li>视觉映射（visualMap）</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <h2 id="颜色主题（theme）"><a href="#%E9%A2%9C%E8%89%B2%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98%EF%BC%88theme%EF%BC%89" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>颜色主题（Theme）</h2> | |
| <p>最简单的更改全局样式的方式，是直接采用颜色主题（theme）。例如，在 <a href="$%7BwebsitePath%7D/examples">示例集合</a> 中，可以通过切换深色模式，直接看到采用主题的效果。</p> | |
| <p>ECharts5 除了一贯的默认主题外，还内置了<code>'dark'</code>主题。可以如下切换成深色模式：</p> | |
| <div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><div class="md-code-block"><div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><pre class="language-js line-numbers"><code></code></pre></div> <!----> <div class="clipboard" data-v-479657ca><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-6 w-6" data-v-479657ca><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-6 w-6" data-v-479657ca><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 5H6a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2v-1M8 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M8 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m0 0h2a2 2 0 012 2v3m2 4H10m0 0l3-3m-3 3l3 3" data-v-479657ca></path></svg></svg></div></div></div> | |
| <p>其他的主题，没有内置在 ECharts 中，需要自己加载。这些主题可以在 <a href="https://echarts.apache.org/theme-builder.html" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">主题编辑器</a> 里访问到。也可以使用这个主题编辑器，自己编辑主题。下载下来的主题可以这样使用：</p> | |
| <p>如果主题保存为 JSON 文件，那么可以自行加载和注册，例如：</p> | |
| <div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><div class="md-code-block"><div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><pre class="language-js line-numbers"><code></code></pre></div> <!----> <div class="clipboard" data-v-479657ca><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-6 w-6" data-v-479657ca><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-6 w-6" data-v-479657ca><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 5H6a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2v-1M8 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M8 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m0 0h2a2 2 0 012 2v3m2 4H10m0 0l3-3m-3 3l3 3" data-v-479657ca></path></svg></svg></div></div></div> | |
| <p>如果保存为 UMD 格式的 JS 文件，那么支持了自注册，直接引入 JS 文件即可：</p> | |
| <div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><div class="md-code-block"><div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><pre class="language-js line-numbers"><code></code></pre></div> <!----> <div class="clipboard" data-v-479657ca><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-6 w-6" data-v-479657ca><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-6 w-6" data-v-479657ca><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 5H6a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2v-1M8 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M8 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m0 0h2a2 2 0 012 2v3m2 4H10m0 0l3-3m-3 3l3 3" data-v-479657ca></path></svg></svg></div></div></div> | |
| <h2 id="调色盘"><a href="#%E8%B0%83%E8%89%B2%E7%9B%98" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>调色盘</h2> | |
| <p>调色盘，可以在 option 中设置。它给定了一组颜色，图形、系列会自动从其中选择颜色。 | |
| 可以设置全局的调色盘，也可以设置系列自己专属的调色盘。</p> | |
| <div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><div class="md-code-block"><div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><pre class="language-js line-numbers"><code></code></pre></div> <!----> <div class="clipboard" data-v-479657ca><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-6 w-6" data-v-479657ca><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-6 w-6" data-v-479657ca><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 5H6a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2v-1M8 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M8 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m0 0h2a2 2 0 012 2v3m2 4H10m0 0l3-3m-3 3l3 3" data-v-479657ca></path></svg></svg></div></div></div> | |
| <h2 id="直接的样式设置-itemstyle-linestyle-areastyle-label-"><a href="#%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E7%9A%84%E6%A0%B7%E5%BC%8F%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE-itemstyle-linestyle-areastyle-label-" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>直接的样式设置 itemStyle, lineStyle, areaStyle, label, ...</h2> | |
| <p>直接的样式设置是比较常用设置方式。纵观 ECharts 的 <a href="https://echarts.apache.org/option.html#" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">option</a> 中，很多地方可以设置 <a href="https://echarts.apache.org/option.html#series-bar.itemStyle" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">itemStyle</a>、<a href="https://echarts.apache.org/option.html#series-line.lineStyle" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">lineStyle</a>、<a href="https://echarts.apache.org/option.html#series-line.areaStyle" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">areaStyle</a>、<a href="https://echarts.apache.org/option.html#series-bar.label" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">label</a> 等等。这些的地方可以直接设置图形元素的颜色、线宽、点的大小、标签的文字、标签的样式等等。</p> | |
| <p>一般来说，ECharts 的各个系列和组件，都遵从这些命名习惯，虽然不同图表和组件中，<code>itemStyle</code>、<code>label</code> 等可能出现在不同的地方。</p> | |
| <p>在下面例子中我们给气泡图设置了阴影，渐变色等复杂的样式，你可以修改代码中的样式看修改后的效果：</p> | |
| <div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><!----></div> | |
| <h2 id="高亮的样式：emphasis"><a href="#%E9%AB%98%E4%BA%AE%E7%9A%84%E6%A0%B7%E5%BC%8F%EF%BC%9Aemphasis" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>高亮的样式：emphasis</h2> | |
| <p>在鼠标悬浮到图形元素上时，一般会出现高亮的样式。默认情况下，高亮的样式是根据普通样式自动生成的。但是高亮的样式也可以自己定义，主要是通过 <a href="https://echarts.apache.org/option.html#series-bar.emphasis" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">emphasis</a> 属性来定制。<a href="https://echarts.apache.org/option.html#series-bar.emphasis" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">emphsis</a> 中的结构，和普通样式的结构相同，例如：</p> | |
| <div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><div class="md-code-block"><div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><pre class="language-js line-numbers"><code></code></pre></div> <!----> <div class="clipboard" data-v-479657ca><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-6 w-6" data-v-479657ca><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-6 w-6" data-v-479657ca><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 5H6a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2v-1M8 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M8 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m0 0h2a2 2 0 012 2v3m2 4H10m0 0l3-3m-3 3l3 3" data-v-479657ca></path></svg></svg></div></div></div> | |
| <p>注意：在 ECharts4 以前，高亮和普通样式的写法，是这样的：</p> | |
| <div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><div class="md-code-block"><div class="nuxt-content-highlight"><pre class="language-js line-numbers"><code></code></pre></div> <!----> <div class="clipboard" data-v-479657ca><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-6 w-6" data-v-479657ca><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-6 w-6" data-v-479657ca><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 5H6a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2v-1M8 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M8 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m0 0h2a2 2 0 012 2v3m2 4H10m0 0l3-3m-3 3l3 3" data-v-479657ca></path></svg></svg></div></div></div> | |
| <p>这种写法 <strong>仍然被兼容</strong>，但是，不再推荐。事实上，多数情况下，使用者只会配置普通状态下的样式，而使用默认的高亮样式。所以在 ECharts4 中，支持不写 <code>normal</code> 的配置方法（即本文开头的那种写法），使得配置项更扁平简单。</p> | |
| <h2 id="通过-visualmap-组件设定样式"><a href="#%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%87-visualmap-%E7%BB%84%E4%BB%B6%E8%AE%BE%E5%AE%9A%E6%A0%B7%E5%BC%8F" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>通过 visualMap 组件设定样式</h2> | |
| <p><a href="https://echarts.apache.org/option.html#visualMap" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">visualMap 组件</a> 能指定数据到颜色、图形尺寸的映射规则，详见 <a href="zh/concepts/visual-map">数据的视觉映射</a>。</p></div> <div class="table-of-contents"><h4 class="toc-container-header">本页目录</h4> <ul><li class="toc2"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/style#%E9%A2%9C%E8%89%B2%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98%EF%BC%88theme%EF%BC%89">颜色主题（Theme）</a></li><li class="toc2"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/style#%E8%B0%83%E8%89%B2%E7%9B%98">调色盘</a></li><li class="toc2"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/style#%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E7%9A%84%E6%A0%B7%E5%BC%8F%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE-itemstyle-linestyle-areastyle-label-">直接的样式设置 itemStyle, lineStyle, areaStyle, label, ...</a></li><li class="toc2"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/style#%E9%AB%98%E4%BA%AE%E7%9A%84%E6%A0%B7%E5%BC%8F%EF%BC%9Aemphasis">高亮的样式：emphasis</a></li><li class="toc2"><a href="/handbook/zh/concepts/style#%E9%80%9A%E8%BF%87-visualmap-%E7%BB%84%E4%BB%B6%E8%AE%BE%E5%AE%9A%E6%A0%B7%E5%BC%8F">通过 visualMap 组件设定样式</a></li></ul></div></div> <div class="post-contributors"><h3><span class="inline-block align-middle">本文贡献者</span> <a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/apache/echarts-handbook/tree/master/contents/zh/concepts/style.md" title="编辑本文" class="inline-block align-middle text-sm"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" class="h-8 w-8 inline-block align-middle"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M11 5H6a2 2 0 00-2 2v11a2 2 0 002 2h11a2 2 0 002-2v-5m-1.414-9.414a2 2 0 112.828 2.828L11.828 15H9v-2.828l8.586-8.586z"></path></svg> <span class="inline-block align-middle">在 GitHub 上编辑本页</span></a></h3> <div class="post-contributors-list"><a href="https://github.com/Ovilia" target="_blank" class="post-contributor"><img alt="Ovilia" src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/Ovilia?size=60"> <span>Ovilia</span></a></div></div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/highlight.js@9.12.0/styles/github-gist.min.css"></div></div></div></div><script defer src="/handbook/_nuxt/static/1627882506/zh/concepts/style/state.js"></script><script src="/handbook/_nuxt/b6d3b58.js" defer></script><script src="/handbook/_nuxt/js/11b97ca97d591d9fd371.js" defer></script><script src="/handbook/_nuxt/js/5e2cbf163a319fa7cf5b.js" defer></script><script src="/handbook/_nuxt/js/f5e7518d240a121a2e4a.js" defer></script><script src="/handbook/_nuxt/js/4c789e610fc01b03106d.js" defer></script><script src="/handbook/_nuxt/js/25eb9ce4c1818917d228.js" defer></script> | |
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