Misc clean ups.

- else { if } -> else if
- new kind of Number() -> valueOf()
- String replaceAll(S,S) -> replace(CS,CS)
- Initialize collections on creation
- Use diamonds
- Create arrays with {}s.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/DataConfiguration.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/DataConfiguration.java
index 27585de..e2a3b07 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/DataConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/DataConfiguration.java
@@ -106,28 +106,28 @@
     public static final String DEFAULT_DATE_FORMAT = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
 
     /** Empty array constant. */
-    private static final URL[] EMPTY_URL_ARRAY = new URL[0];
+    private static final URL[] EMPTY_URL_ARRAY = {};
 
     /** Empty array constant. */
-    private static final URI[] EMPTY_URI_ARRAY = new URI[0];
+    private static final URI[] EMPTY_URI_ARRAY = {};
 
     /** Empty array constant. */
-    private static final Locale[] EMPTY_LOCALE_ARRAY = new Locale[0];
+    private static final Locale[] EMPTY_LOCALE_ARRAY = {};
 
     /** Empty array constant. */
-    private static final Date[] EMPTY_DATE_ARRAY = new Date[0];
+    private static final Date[] EMPTY_DATE_ARRAY = {};
 
     /** Empty array constant. */
-    private static final Color[] EMPTY_COLOR_ARRAY = new Color[0];
+    private static final Color[] EMPTY_COLOR_ARRAY = {};
 
     /** Empty array constant. */
-    private static final Calendar[] EMPTY_CALENDARD_ARRAY = new Calendar[0];
+    private static final Calendar[] EMPTY_CALENDARD_ARRAY = {};
 
     /** Empty array constant. */
-    private static final BigInteger[] EMPTY_BIG_INTEGER_ARRAY = new BigInteger[0];
+    private static final BigInteger[] EMPTY_BIG_INTEGER_ARRAY = {};
 
     /** Empty array constant. */
-    private static final BigDecimal[] EMPTY_BIG_DECIMAL_ARRAY = new BigDecimal[0];
+    private static final BigDecimal[] EMPTY_BIG_DECIMAL_ARRAY = {};
 
     /** Stores temporary date formats. */
     private static final ThreadLocal<String> TEMP_DATE_FORMAT = new ThreadLocal<>();
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@
      */
     public List<Boolean> getBooleanList(final String key)
     {
-        return getBooleanList(key, new ArrayList<Boolean>());
+        return getBooleanList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@
      */
     public List<Byte> getByteList(final String key)
     {
-        return getByteList(key, new ArrayList<Byte>());
+        return getByteList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@
      */
     public List<Short> getShortList(final String key)
     {
-        return getShortList(key, new ArrayList<Short>());
+        return getShortList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@
      */
     public List<Integer> getIntegerList(final String key)
     {
-        return getIntegerList(key, new ArrayList<Integer>());
+        return getIntegerList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@
      */
     public List<Long> getLongList(final String key)
     {
-        return getLongList(key, new ArrayList<Long>());
+        return getLongList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@
      */
     public List<Float> getFloatList(final String key)
     {
-        return getFloatList(key, new ArrayList<Float>());
+        return getFloatList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -630,7 +630,7 @@
      */
     public List<Double> getDoubleList(final String key)
     {
-        return getDoubleList(key, new ArrayList<Double>());
+        return getDoubleList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -695,7 +695,7 @@
      */
     public List<BigInteger> getBigIntegerList(final String key)
     {
-        return getBigIntegerList(key, new ArrayList<BigInteger>());
+        return getBigIntegerList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -760,7 +760,7 @@
      */
     public List<BigDecimal> getBigDecimalList(final String key)
     {
-        return getBigDecimalList(key, new ArrayList<BigDecimal>());
+        return getBigDecimalList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -887,7 +887,7 @@
      */
     public List<URI> getURIList(final String key)
     {
-        return getURIList(key, new ArrayList<URI>());
+        return getURIList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -950,7 +950,7 @@
      */
     public List<URL> getURLList(final String key)
     {
-        return getURLList(key, new ArrayList<URL>());
+        return getURLList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@
 
     public List<Date> getDateList(final String key)
     {
-        return getDateList(key, new ArrayList<Date>());
+        return getDateList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1109,7 +1109,7 @@
      */
     public List<Date> getDateList(final String key, final String format)
     {
-        return getDateList(key, new ArrayList<Date>(), format);
+        return getDateList(key, new ArrayList<>(), format);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1345,7 +1345,7 @@
      */
     public List<Calendar> getCalendarList(final String key)
     {
-        return getCalendarList(key, new ArrayList<Calendar>());
+        return getCalendarList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1363,7 +1363,7 @@
      */
     public List<Calendar> getCalendarList(final String key, final String format)
     {
-        return getCalendarList(key, new ArrayList<Calendar>(), format);
+        return getCalendarList(key, new ArrayList<>(), format);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1549,7 +1549,7 @@
      */
     public List<Locale> getLocaleList(final String key)
     {
-        return getLocaleList(key, new ArrayList<Locale>());
+        return getLocaleList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1645,7 +1645,7 @@
      */
     public List<Color> getColorList(final String key)
     {
-        return getColorList(key, new ArrayList<Color>());
+        return getColorList(key, new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/EnvironmentConfiguration.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/EnvironmentConfiguration.java
index 53acd57..2a2f087 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/EnvironmentConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/EnvironmentConfiguration.java
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
      */
     public EnvironmentConfiguration()
     {
-        super(new HashMap<String, Object>(System.getenv()));
+        super(new HashMap<>(System.getenv()));
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/INIConfiguration.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/INIConfiguration.java
index d01f9c3..4ecf888 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/INIConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/INIConfiguration.java
@@ -664,17 +664,13 @@
 
                         result.append(c);
                     }
+                } else if (isCommentChar(c) && Character.isWhitespace(lastChar))
+                {
+                    stop = true;
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    if (isCommentChar(c) && Character.isWhitespace(lastChar))
-                    {
-                        stop = true;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        result.append(c);
-                    }
+                    result.append(c);
                 }
 
                 i++;
@@ -874,7 +870,7 @@
 
         if (quoted)
         {
-            return '"' + value.replaceAll("\"", "\\\\\\\"") + '"';
+            return '"' + value.replace("\"", "\\\"") + '"';
         }
         return value;
     }
@@ -934,14 +930,10 @@
                 {
                     inSection = true;
                     sections.add(node.getNodeName());
-                }
-                else
+                } else if (!inSection && !globalSection)
                 {
-                    if (!inSection && !globalSection)
-                    {
-                        globalSection = true;
-                        sections.add(null);
-                    }
+                    globalSection = true;
+                    sections.add(null);
                 }
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/JNDIConfiguration.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/JNDIConfiguration.java
index 994237c..71723d7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/JNDIConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/JNDIConfiguration.java
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
             final Set<String> keys = new HashSet<>();
             if (context != null)
             {
-                recursiveGetKeys(keys, context, prefix, new HashSet<Context>());
+                recursiveGetKeys(keys, context, prefix, new HashSet<>());
             }
             else if (containsKey(prefix))
             {
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@
         {
             return false;
         }
-        key = key.replaceAll("\\.", "/");
+        key = key.replace('.', '/');
         try
         {
             // throws a NamingException if JNDI doesn't contain the key.
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@
 
         try
         {
-            key = key.replaceAll("\\.", "/");
+            key = key.replace('.', '/');
             return getBaseContext().lookup(key);
         }
         catch (final NameNotFoundException | NotContextException nctxex)
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/PropertiesConfiguration.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/PropertiesConfiguration.java
index 60b16ef..e557e82 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/PropertiesConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/PropertiesConfiguration.java
@@ -1206,10 +1206,10 @@
     private static String includeOptional = "includeoptional";
 
     /** The list of possible key/value separators */
-    private static final char[] SEPARATORS = new char[] {'=', ':'};
+    private static final char[] SEPARATORS = {'=', ':'};
 
     /** The white space characters used as key/value separators. */
-    private static final char[] WHITE_SPACE = new char[]{' ', '\t', '\f'};
+    private static final char[] WHITE_SPACE = {' ', '\t', '\f'};
 
     /** Constant for the platform specific line separator.*/
     private static final String LINE_SEPARATOR = System.getProperty("line.separator");
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/BeanHelper.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/BeanHelper.java
index ae0e6d6..540f305 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/BeanHelper.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/BeanHelper.java
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
 
     /** Stores a map with the registered bean factories. */
     private final Map<String, BeanFactory> beanFactories = Collections
-            .synchronizedMap(new HashMap<String, BeanFactory>());
+            .synchronizedMap(new HashMap<>());
 
     /**
      * Stores the default bean factory, which is used if no other factory
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/MultiWrapDynaClass.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/MultiWrapDynaClass.java
index cfdf54c..1a3c95b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/MultiWrapDynaClass.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/MultiWrapDynaClass.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 class MultiWrapDynaClass implements DynaClass
 {
     /** An empty array for converting the properties collection to an array. */
-    private static final DynaProperty[] EMPTY_PROPS = new DynaProperty[0];
+    private static final DynaProperty[] EMPTY_PROPS = {};
 
     /** A collection with all properties of this class. */
     private final Collection<DynaProperty> properties;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/DefaultListDelimiterHandler.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/DefaultListDelimiterHandler.java
index 1691d12..e74abd0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/DefaultListDelimiterHandler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/DefaultListDelimiterHandler.java
@@ -156,31 +156,26 @@
                 }
                 token.append(c);
                 inEscape = false;
+            } else if (c == getDelimiter())
+            {
+                // found a list delimiter -> add token and
+                // reset buffer
+                String t = token.toString();
+                if (trim)
+                {
+                    t = t.trim();
+                }
+                list.add(t);
+                token = new StringBuilder();
             }
-
+            else if (c == ESCAPE)
+            {
+                // potentially escape next character
+                inEscape = true;
+            }
             else
             {
-                if (c == getDelimiter())
-                {
-                    // found a list delimiter -> add token and
-                    // reset buffer
-                    String t = token.toString();
-                    if (trim)
-                    {
-                        t = t.trim();
-                    }
-                    list.add(t);
-                    token = new StringBuilder();
-                }
-                else if (c == ESCAPE)
-                {
-                    // potentially escape next character
-                    inEscape = true;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    token.append(c);
-                }
+                token.append(c);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/LegacyListDelimiterHandler.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/LegacyListDelimiterHandler.java
index b7ebcca..9390366 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/LegacyListDelimiterHandler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/LegacyListDelimiterHandler.java
@@ -162,31 +162,26 @@
                 }
                 token.append(c);
                 inEscape = false;
+            } else if (c == getDelimiter())
+            {
+                // found a list delimiter -> add token and
+                // resetDefaultFileSystem buffer
+                String t = token.toString();
+                if (trim)
+                {
+                    t = t.trim();
+                }
+                list.add(t);
+                token = new StringBuilder();
             }
-
+            else if (c == esc)
+            {
+                // eventually escape next character
+                inEscape = true;
+            }
             else
             {
-                if (c == getDelimiter())
-                {
-                    // found a list delimiter -> add token and
-                    // resetDefaultFileSystem buffer
-                    String t = token.toString();
-                    if (trim)
-                    {
-                        t = t.trim();
-                    }
-                    list.add(t);
-                    token = new StringBuilder();
-                }
-                else if (c == esc)
-                {
-                    // eventually escape next character
-                    inEscape = true;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    token.append(c);
-                }
+                token.append(c);
             }
 
             begin++;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/PropertyConverter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/PropertyConverter.java
index ea843f9..d540572 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/PropertyConverter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/PropertyConverter.java
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@
         {
             return (Float) n;
         }
-        return new Float(n.floatValue());
+        return Float.valueOf(n.floatValue());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@
         {
             return (Double) n;
         }
-        return new Double(n.doubleValue());
+        return Double.valueOf(n.doubleValue());
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/io/FileHandler.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/io/FileHandler.java
index e583b94..ca886cd 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/io/FileHandler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/io/FileHandler.java
@@ -672,15 +672,11 @@
         if (url == null)
         {
             injectNullFileLocator();
-        }
-        else
+        } else if (getContent() instanceof FileLocatorAware)
         {
-            if (getContent() instanceof FileLocatorAware)
-            {
-                final FileLocator locator =
-                        prepareNullLocatorBuilder().sourceURL(url).create();
-                ((FileLocatorAware) getContent()).initFileLocator(locator);
-            }
+            final FileLocator locator =
+                    prepareNullLocatorBuilder().sourceURL(url).create();
+            ((FileLocatorAware) getContent()).initFileLocator(locator);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/io/FileLocatorUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/io/FileLocatorUtils.java
index 60eb057..709b73d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/io/FileLocatorUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/io/FileLocatorUtils.java
@@ -459,15 +459,15 @@
     private static FileLocationStrategy initDefaultLocationStrategy()
     {
         final FileLocationStrategy[] subStrategies =
-                new FileLocationStrategy[] {
-                        new ProvidedURLLocationStrategy(),
-                        new FileSystemLocationStrategy(),
-                        new AbsoluteNameLocationStrategy(),
-                        new BasePathLocationStrategy(),
-                        new HomeDirectoryLocationStrategy(true),
-                        new HomeDirectoryLocationStrategy(false),
-                        new ClasspathLocationStrategy()
-                };
+                {
+                new ProvidedURLLocationStrategy(),
+                new FileSystemLocationStrategy(),
+                new AbsoluteNameLocationStrategy(),
+                new BasePathLocationStrategy(),
+                new HomeDirectoryLocationStrategy(true),
+                new HomeDirectoryLocationStrategy(false),
+                new ClasspathLocationStrategy()
+        };
         return new CombinedLocationStrategy(Arrays.asList(subStrategies));
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/PropertyListConfiguration.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/PropertyListConfiguration.java
index d8633a8..0574773 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/PropertyListConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/PropertyListConfiguration.java
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@
                 || s.indexOf(',') != -1
                 || s.indexOf(';') != -1)
         {
-            s = s.replaceAll("\"", "\\\\\\\"");
+            s = s.replace("\"", "\\\"");
             s = "\"" + s + "\"";
         }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/reloading/FileHandlerReloadingDetector.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/reloading/FileHandlerReloadingDetector.java
index 9166131..50b2f64 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/reloading/FileHandlerReloadingDetector.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/reloading/FileHandlerReloadingDetector.java
@@ -157,15 +157,11 @@
             final long modifiedMillis = getLastModificationDate();
             if (modifiedMillis > 0)
             {
-                if (lastModifiedMillis == 0)
-                {
-                    // initialization
-                    updateLastModified(modifiedMillis);
-                }
-                else
-                {
+                if (lastModifiedMillis != 0) {
                     return modifiedMillis != lastModifiedMillis;
                 }
+                // initialization
+                updateLastModified(modifiedMillis);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/InMemoryNodeModel.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/InMemoryNodeModel.java
index 3892218..3ebb014 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/InMemoryNodeModel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/InMemoryNodeModel.java
@@ -1288,7 +1288,7 @@
     {
         final NodeSelector selector =
                 new NodeSelector(resolver.nodeKey(node,
-                        new HashMap<ImmutableNode, String>(), current));
+                        new HashMap<>(), current));
         refSelector.setValue(selector);
         final NodeTracker newTracker =
                 current.getNodeTracker().trackNodes(
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/ModelTransaction.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/ModelTransaction.java
index 9548f38..5241b67 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/ModelTransaction.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/ModelTransaction.java
@@ -777,17 +777,13 @@
                 {
                     resultNodes.add(repl);
                     replacedNodes.put(nd, repl);
+                } else if (removals.contains(nd))
+                {
+                    removedNodes.add(nd);
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    if (removals.contains(nd))
-                    {
-                        removedNodes.add(nd);
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        resultNodes.add(nd);
-                    }
+                    resultNodes.add(nd);
                 }
             }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/xpath/ConfigurationNodeIteratorChildren.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/xpath/ConfigurationNodeIteratorChildren.java
index 1110273..cdccb32 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/xpath/ConfigurationNodeIteratorChildren.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/xpath/ConfigurationNodeIteratorChildren.java
@@ -63,13 +63,9 @@
         {
             setStartOffset(findStartIndex(subNodes,
                     startsWith.getConfigurationNode()));
-        }
-        else
+        } else if (reverse)
         {
-            if (reverse)
-            {
-                setStartOffset(size());
-            }
+            setStartOffset(size());
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/InterpolationTestHelper.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/InterpolationTestHelper.java
index afd12a1..ae4dadd 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/InterpolationTestHelper.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/InterpolationTestHelper.java
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@
      */
     public static void testInterpolationSubset(final Configuration config)
     {
-        config.addProperty("test.a", new Integer(42));
+        config.addProperty("test.a", Integer.valueOf(42));
         config.addProperty("test.b", "${test.a}");
         assertEquals("Wrong interpolated value", 42, config
                 .getInt("test.b"));
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/NonStringTestHolder.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/NonStringTestHolder.java
index 44e2431..a825e85 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/NonStringTestHolder.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/NonStringTestHolder.java
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@
         final boolean booleanValue = configuration.getBoolean("test.boolean.missing", true);
         Assert.assertTrue(booleanValue);
 
-        final Boolean booleanObject = configuration.getBoolean("test.boolean.missing", new Boolean(true));
-        Assert.assertEquals(new Boolean(true), booleanObject);
+        final Boolean booleanObject = configuration.getBoolean("test.boolean.missing", Boolean.valueOf(true));
+        Assert.assertEquals(Boolean.valueOf(true), booleanObject);
     }
 
     public void testByte() throws Exception
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestAbstractConfigurationBasicFeatures.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestAbstractConfigurationBasicFeatures.java
index 642c546..3658b85 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestAbstractConfigurationBasicFeatures.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestAbstractConfigurationBasicFeatures.java
@@ -139,10 +139,8 @@
     private void checkAddListProperty(final AbstractConfiguration config)
     {
         config.addProperty("test", "value1");
-        final Object[] lstValues1 = new Object[]
-        { "value2", "value3" };
-        final Object[] lstValues2 = new Object[]
-        { "value4", "value5", "value6" };
+        final Object[] lstValues1 = { "value2", "value3" };
+        final Object[] lstValues2 = { "value4", "value5", "value6" };
         config.addProperty("test", lstValues1);
         config.addProperty("test", Arrays.asList(lstValues2));
         final List<Object> lst = config.getList("test");
@@ -939,7 +937,7 @@
     {
         final PropertiesConfiguration config = new PropertiesConfiguration();
         final List<Integer> expected = prepareListTest(config);
-        final Collection<Integer> result = config.getCollection(Integer.class, KEY_PREFIX, null, new ArrayList<Integer>());
+        final Collection<Integer> result = config.getCollection(Integer.class, KEY_PREFIX, null, new ArrayList<>());
         assertEquals("Wrong result", expected, result);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestAbstractHierarchicalConfiguration.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestAbstractHierarchicalConfiguration.java
index cd3a55f..0f3e44b 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestAbstractHierarchicalConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestAbstractHierarchicalConfiguration.java
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
         config.setProperty("test.items.item", new int[] { 2, 4, 8, 16 });
         assertEquals(3, config.getMaxIndex("test.items.item"));
         assertEquals(8, config.getInt("test.items.item(2)"));
-        config.setProperty("test.items.item(2)", new Integer(6));
+        config.setProperty("test.items.item(2)", Integer.valueOf(6));
         assertEquals(6, config.getInt("test.items.item(2)"));
         config.setProperty("test.items.item(2)", new int[] { 7, 9, 11 });
         assertEquals(5, config.getMaxIndex("test.items.item"));
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@
         assertTrue(config.getBoolean("test"));
         assertEquals("01/01/05", config.getProperty("test.items"));
 
-        config.setProperty("test.items.item", new Integer(42));
+        config.setProperty("test.items.item", Integer.valueOf(42));
         assertEquals(0, config.getMaxIndex("test.items.item"));
         assertEquals(42, config.getInt("test.items.item"));
     }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestBaseConfiguration.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestBaseConfiguration.java
index 69edee8..805e6ad 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestBaseConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestBaseConfiguration.java
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
         props.add("quick");
         props.add("brown");
         props.add("fox,jumps");
-        final Object[] data = new Object[] {
+        final Object[] data = {
                 "The", props, "over,the", "lazy", "dog."
         };
         config.setProperty("complex.property", data);
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
     {
         for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
         {
-            config.addProperty("key" + i, new Integer(i));
+            config.addProperty("key" + i, Integer.valueOf(i));
         }
         final BaseConfiguration config2 = (BaseConfiguration) config.clone();
 
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@
         assertEquals("This returns true", boolT, config.getBoolean("boolA"));
         assertEquals("This returns true, not the default", boolT, config.getBoolean("boolA", boolF));
         assertEquals("This returns false(default)", boolF, config.getBoolean("boolNotInConfig", boolF));
-        assertEquals("This returns true(Boolean)", new Boolean(boolT), config.getBoolean("boolA", new Boolean(boolF)));
+        assertEquals("This returns true(Boolean)", Boolean.valueOf(boolT), config.getBoolean("boolA", Boolean.valueOf(boolF)));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = ConversionException.class)
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@
         assertEquals("This returns 1(byte)", oneB, config.getByte("number"));
         assertEquals("This returns 1(byte)", oneB, config.getByte("number", twoB));
         assertEquals("This returns 2(default byte)", twoB, config.getByte("numberNotInConfig", twoB));
-        assertEquals("This returns 1(Byte)", new Byte(oneB), config.getByte("number", new Byte("2")));
+        assertEquals("This returns 1(Byte)", Byte.valueOf(oneB), config.getByte("number", Byte.valueOf("2")));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = ConversionException.class)
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@
         assertEquals("This returns 1(double)", oneD, config.getDouble("numberD"), 0);
         assertEquals("This returns 1(double)", oneD, config.getDouble("numberD", twoD), 0);
         assertEquals("This returns 2(default double)", twoD, config.getDouble("numberNotInConfig", twoD), 0);
-        assertEquals("This returns 1(Double)", new Double(oneD), config.getDouble("numberD", new Double("2")));
+        assertEquals("This returns 1(Double)", Double.valueOf(oneD), config.getDouble("numberD", Double.valueOf("2")));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = ConversionException.class)
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@
         assertEquals("This returns 1(float)", oneF, config.getFloat("numberF"), 0);
         assertEquals("This returns 1(float)", oneF, config.getFloat("numberF", twoF), 0);
         assertEquals("This returns 2(default float)", twoF, config.getFloat("numberNotInConfig", twoF), 0);
-        assertEquals("This returns 1(Float)", new Float(oneF), config.getFloat("numberF", new Float("2")));
+        assertEquals("This returns 1(Float)", Float.valueOf(oneF), config.getFloat("numberF", Float.valueOf("2")));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = ConversionException.class)
@@ -448,12 +448,12 @@
 
         // primitive wrappers
         assertEquals("Boolean interpolation", Boolean.TRUE, config.getBoolean("booleanValue", null));
-        assertEquals("Byte interpolation", new Byte("1"), config.getByte("value", null));
-        assertEquals("Short interpolation", new Short("1"), config.getShort("value", null));
-        assertEquals("Integer interpolation", new Integer("1"), config.getInteger("value", null));
-        assertEquals("Long interpolation", new Long("1"), config.getLong("value", null));
-        assertEquals("Float interpolation", new Float("1"), config.getFloat("value", null));
-        assertEquals("Double interpolation", new Double("1"), config.getDouble("value", null));
+        assertEquals("Byte interpolation", Byte.valueOf("1"), config.getByte("value", null));
+        assertEquals("Short interpolation", Short.valueOf("1"), config.getShort("value", null));
+        assertEquals("Integer interpolation", Integer.valueOf("1"), config.getInteger("value", null));
+        assertEquals("Long interpolation", Long.valueOf("1"), config.getLong("value", null));
+        assertEquals("Float interpolation", Float.valueOf("1"), config.getFloat("value", null));
+        assertEquals("Double interpolation", Double.valueOf("1"), config.getDouble("value", null));
 
         assertEquals("BigInteger interpolation", new BigInteger("1"), config.getBigInteger("value", null));
         assertEquals("BigDecimal interpolation", new BigDecimal("1"), config.getBigDecimal("value", null));
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@
         assertEquals("This returns 1(long)", oneL, config.getLong("numberL"));
         assertEquals("This returns 1(long)", oneL, config.getLong("numberL", twoL));
         assertEquals("This returns 2(default long)", twoL, config.getLong("numberNotInConfig", twoL));
-        assertEquals("This returns 1(Long)", new Long(oneL), config.getLong("numberL", new Long("2")));
+        assertEquals("This returns 1(Long)", Long.valueOf(oneL), config.getLong("numberL", Long.valueOf("2")));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = ConversionException.class)
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@
         assertEquals("This returns 1(short)", oneS, config.getShort("numberS"));
         assertEquals("This returns 1(short)", oneS, config.getShort("numberS", twoS));
         assertEquals("This returns 2(default short)", twoS, config.getShort("numberNotInConfig", twoS));
-        assertEquals("This returns 1(Short)", new Short(oneS), config.getShort("numberS", new Short("2")));
+        assertEquals("This returns 1(Short)", Short.valueOf(oneS), config.getShort("numberS", Short.valueOf("2")));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = ConversionException.class)
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testNumberConversions()
     {
-        config.setProperty(KEY_NUMBER, new Integer(42));
+        config.setProperty(KEY_NUMBER, Integer.valueOf(42));
         assertEquals("Wrong int returned", 42, config.getInt(KEY_NUMBER));
         assertEquals("Wrong long returned", 42L, config.getLong(KEY_NUMBER));
         assertEquals("Wrong byte returned", (byte) 42, config
@@ -719,7 +719,7 @@
         assertEquals("Wrong double returned", 42.0, config
                 .getDouble(KEY_NUMBER), 0.001);
 
-        assertEquals("Wrong Long returned", new Long(42L), config.getLong(
+        assertEquals("Wrong Long returned", Long.valueOf(42L), config.getLong(
                 KEY_NUMBER, null));
         assertEquals("Wrong BigInt returned", new BigInteger("42"), config
                 .getBigInteger(KEY_NUMBER));
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestBaseConfigurationXMLReader.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestBaseConfigurationXMLReader.java
index 1ebb86f..59417e3 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestBaseConfigurationXMLReader.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestBaseConfigurationXMLReader.java
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
         config.addProperty("application.mail.account.type", "pop3");
         config.addProperty("application.mail.account.user", "postmaster");
         config.addProperty("application.mail.account.pwd", "?.-gulp*#");
-        config.addProperty("application.mail.timeout", new Integer(42));
+        config.addProperty("application.mail.timeout", Integer.valueOf(42));
         config.addProperty("test", Boolean.TRUE);
 
         configReader = new BaseConfigurationXMLReader(config);
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestBaseNullConfiguration.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestBaseNullConfiguration.java
index e9f8814..f4f6a7b 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestBaseNullConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestBaseNullConfiguration.java
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
         assertEquals("This returns 1(byte)", oneB, config.getByte("number"));
         assertEquals("This returns 1(byte)", oneB, config.getByte("number", twoB));
         assertEquals("This returns 2(default byte)", twoB, config.getByte("numberNotInConfig", twoB));
-        assertEquals("This returns 1(Byte)", new Byte(oneB), config.getByte("number", new Byte("2")));
+        assertEquals("This returns 1(Byte)", Byte.valueOf(oneB), config.getByte("number", Byte.valueOf("2")));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = NoSuchElementException.class)
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
         assertEquals("This returns 1(short)", oneS, config.getShort("numberS"));
         assertEquals("This returns 1(short)", oneS, config.getShort("numberS", twoS));
         assertEquals("This returns 2(default short)", twoS, config.getShort("numberNotInConfig", twoS));
-        assertEquals("This returns 1(Short)", new Short(oneS), config.getShort("numberS", new Short("2")));
+        assertEquals("This returns 1(Short)", Short.valueOf(oneS), config.getShort("numberS", Short.valueOf("2")));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = NoSuchElementException.class)
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
         assertEquals("This returns 1(long)", oneL, config.getLong("numberL"));
         assertEquals("This returns 1(long)", oneL, config.getLong("numberL", twoL));
         assertEquals("This returns 2(default long)", twoL, config.getLong("numberNotInConfig", twoL));
-        assertEquals("This returns 1(Long)", new Long(oneL), config.getLong("numberL", new Long("2")));
+        assertEquals("This returns 1(Long)", Long.valueOf(oneL), config.getLong("numberL", Long.valueOf("2")));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = NoSuchElementException.class)
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@
         assertEquals("This returns 1(float)", oneF, config.getFloat("numberF"), 0);
         assertEquals("This returns 1(float)", oneF, config.getFloat("numberF", twoF), 0);
         assertEquals("This returns 2(default float)", twoF, config.getFloat("numberNotInConfig", twoF), 0);
-        assertEquals("This returns 1(Float)", new Float(oneF), config.getFloat("numberF", new Float("2")));
+        assertEquals("This returns 1(Float)", Float.valueOf(oneF), config.getFloat("numberF", Float.valueOf("2")));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = NoSuchElementException.class)
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
         assertEquals("This returns 1(double)", oneD, config.getDouble("numberD"), 0);
         assertEquals("This returns 1(double)", oneD, config.getDouble("numberD", twoD), 0);
         assertEquals("This returns 2(default double)", twoD, config.getDouble("numberNotInConfig", twoD), 0);
-        assertEquals("This returns 1(Double)", new Double(oneD), config.getDouble("numberD", new Double("2")));
+        assertEquals("This returns 1(Double)", Double.valueOf(oneD), config.getDouble("numberD", Double.valueOf("2")));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = NoSuchElementException.class)
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@
         assertEquals("This returns true", boolT, config.getBoolean("boolA"));
         assertEquals("This returns true, not the default", boolT, config.getBoolean("boolA", boolF));
         assertEquals("This returns false(default)", boolF, config.getBoolean("boolNotInConfig", boolF));
-        assertEquals("This returns true(Boolean)", new Boolean(boolT), config.getBoolean("boolA", new Boolean(boolF)));
+        assertEquals("This returns true(Boolean)", Boolean.valueOf(boolT), config.getBoolean("boolA", Boolean.valueOf(boolF)));
     }
 
     @Test(expected = NoSuchElementException.class)
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestConfigurationConverter.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestConfigurationConverter.java
index dd755aa..61f4f6c 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestConfigurationConverter.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestConfigurationConverter.java
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
     public void testConfigurationToPropertiesScalarValue()
     {
         final BaseConfiguration config = new BaseConfiguration();
-        config.addProperty("scalar", new Integer(42));
+        config.addProperty("scalar", Integer.valueOf(42));
         final Properties props = ConfigurationConverter.getProperties(config);
         assertEquals("Wrong value", "42", props.getProperty("scalar"));
     }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestConfigurationMap.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestConfigurationMap.java
index 75dcd20..768df38 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestConfigurationMap.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestConfigurationMap.java
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@
 
     Object[] values = {
             Boolean.TRUE,
-            new Double(Double.MAX_VALUE),
-            new Float(Float.MAX_VALUE),
-            new Integer(Integer.MAX_VALUE),
-            new Long(Long.MAX_VALUE),
-            new Short(Short.MAX_VALUE),
+            Double.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE),
+            Float.valueOf(Float.MAX_VALUE),
+            Integer.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE),
+            Long.valueOf(Long.MAX_VALUE),
+            Short.valueOf(Short.MAX_VALUE),
             "This is a string"
     };
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestConfigurationSet.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestConfigurationSet.java
index 1398dc3..86875ea 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestConfigurationSet.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestConfigurationSet.java
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@
 
     Object[] values = {
             Boolean.TRUE,
-            new Double(Double.MAX_VALUE),
-            new Float(Float.MAX_VALUE),
-            new Integer(Integer.MAX_VALUE),
-            new Long(Long.MAX_VALUE),
-            new Short(Short.MAX_VALUE),
+            Double.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE),
+            Float.valueOf(Float.MAX_VALUE),
+            Integer.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE),
+            Long.valueOf(Long.MAX_VALUE),
+            Short.valueOf(Short.MAX_VALUE),
             "This is a string"
     };
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestDataConfiguration.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestDataConfiguration.java
index e56b2cd..2e65da0 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestDataConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestDataConfiguration.java
@@ -91,96 +91,96 @@
         conf.addProperty("byte.list1", "1");
         conf.addProperty("byte.list1", "2");
         conf.addProperty("byte.list2", "1, 2");
-        conf.addProperty("byte.list3", new Byte("1"));
-        conf.addProperty("byte.list3", new Byte("2"));
-        conf.addPropertyDirect("byte.list4", new Byte[] { new Byte("1"), new Byte("2") });
+        conf.addProperty("byte.list3", Byte.valueOf("1"));
+        conf.addProperty("byte.list3", Byte.valueOf("2"));
+        conf.addPropertyDirect("byte.list4", new Byte[] { Byte.valueOf("1"), Byte.valueOf("2") });
         conf.addPropertyDirect("byte.list5", new byte[] { 1, 2 });
         final List<Object> bytes = new ArrayList<>();
-        bytes.add(new Byte("1"));
-        bytes.add(new Byte("2"));
+        bytes.add(Byte.valueOf("1"));
+        bytes.add(Byte.valueOf("2"));
         conf.addProperty("byte.list6", bytes);
         conf.addProperty("byte.string", "1");
-        conf.addProperty("byte.object", new Byte("1"));
+        conf.addProperty("byte.object", Byte.valueOf("1"));
         conf.addProperty("byte.list.interpolated", "${byte.string},2");
 
         // lists of shorts
         conf.addProperty("short.list1", "1");
         conf.addProperty("short.list1", "2");
         conf.addProperty("short.list2", "1, 2");
-        conf.addProperty("short.list3", new Short("1"));
-        conf.addProperty("short.list3", new Short("2"));
-        conf.addPropertyDirect("short.list4", new Short[] { new Short("1"), new Short("2") });
+        conf.addProperty("short.list3", Short.valueOf("1"));
+        conf.addProperty("short.list3", Short.valueOf("2"));
+        conf.addPropertyDirect("short.list4", new Short[] { Short.valueOf("1"), Short.valueOf("2") });
         conf.addPropertyDirect("short.list5", new short[] { 1, 2 });
         final List<Object> shorts = new ArrayList<>();
-        shorts.add(new Short("1"));
-        shorts.add(new Short("2"));
+        shorts.add(Short.valueOf("1"));
+        shorts.add(Short.valueOf("2"));
         conf.addProperty("short.list6", shorts);
         conf.addProperty("short.string", "1");
-        conf.addProperty("short.object", new Short("1"));
+        conf.addProperty("short.object", Short.valueOf("1"));
         conf.addProperty("short.list.interpolated", "${short.string},2");
 
         // lists of integers
         conf.addProperty("integer.list1", "1");
         conf.addProperty("integer.list1", "2");
         conf.addProperty("integer.list2", "1, 2");
-        conf.addProperty("integer.list3", new Integer("1"));
-        conf.addProperty("integer.list3", new Integer("2"));
-        conf.addPropertyDirect("integer.list4", new Integer[] { new Integer("1"), new Integer("2") });
+        conf.addProperty("integer.list3", Integer.valueOf("1"));
+        conf.addProperty("integer.list3", Integer.valueOf("2"));
+        conf.addPropertyDirect("integer.list4", new Integer[] { Integer.valueOf("1"), Integer.valueOf("2") });
         conf.addPropertyDirect("integer.list5", new int[] { 1, 2 });
         final List<Object> integers = new ArrayList<>();
-        integers.add(new Integer("1"));
-        integers.add(new Integer("2"));
+        integers.add(Integer.valueOf("1"));
+        integers.add(Integer.valueOf("2"));
         conf.addProperty("integer.list6", integers);
         conf.addProperty("integer.string", "1");
-        conf.addProperty("integer.object", new Integer("1"));
+        conf.addProperty("integer.object", Integer.valueOf("1"));
         conf.addProperty("integer.list.interpolated", "${integer.string},2");
 
         // lists of longs
         conf.addProperty("long.list1", "1");
         conf.addProperty("long.list1", "2");
         conf.addProperty("long.list2", "1, 2");
-        conf.addProperty("long.list3", new Long("1"));
-        conf.addProperty("long.list3", new Long("2"));
-        conf.addPropertyDirect("long.list4", new Long[] { new Long("1"), new Long("2") });
+        conf.addProperty("long.list3", Long.valueOf("1"));
+        conf.addProperty("long.list3", Long.valueOf("2"));
+        conf.addPropertyDirect("long.list4", new Long[] { Long.valueOf("1"), Long.valueOf("2") });
         conf.addPropertyDirect("long.list5", new long[] { 1, 2 });
         final List<Object> longs = new ArrayList<>();
-        longs.add(new Long("1"));
-        longs.add(new Long("2"));
+        longs.add(Long.valueOf("1"));
+        longs.add(Long.valueOf("2"));
         conf.addProperty("long.list6", longs);
         conf.addProperty("long.string", "1");
-        conf.addProperty("long.object", new Long("1"));
+        conf.addProperty("long.object", Long.valueOf("1"));
         conf.addProperty("long.list.interpolated", "${long.string},2");
 
         // lists of floats
         conf.addProperty("float.list1", "1");
         conf.addProperty("float.list1", "2");
         conf.addProperty("float.list2", "1, 2");
-        conf.addProperty("float.list3", new Float("1"));
-        conf.addProperty("float.list3", new Float("2"));
-        conf.addPropertyDirect("float.list4", new Float[] { new Float("1"), new Float("2") });
+        conf.addProperty("float.list3", Float.valueOf("1"));
+        conf.addProperty("float.list3", Float.valueOf("2"));
+        conf.addPropertyDirect("float.list4", new Float[] { Float.valueOf("1"), Float.valueOf("2") });
         conf.addPropertyDirect("float.list5", new float[] { 1, 2 });
         final List<Object> floats = new ArrayList<>();
-        floats.add(new Float("1"));
-        floats.add(new Float("2"));
+        floats.add(Float.valueOf("1"));
+        floats.add(Float.valueOf("2"));
         conf.addProperty("float.list6", floats);
         conf.addProperty("float.string", "1");
-        conf.addProperty("float.object", new Float("1"));
+        conf.addProperty("float.object", Float.valueOf("1"));
         conf.addProperty("float.list.interpolated", "${float.string},2");
 
         // lists of doubles
         conf.addProperty("double.list1", "1");
         conf.addProperty("double.list1", "2");
         conf.addProperty("double.list2", "1, 2");
-        conf.addProperty("double.list3", new Double("1"));
-        conf.addProperty("double.list3", new Double("2"));
-        conf.addPropertyDirect("double.list4", new Double[] { new Double("1"), new Double("2") });
+        conf.addProperty("double.list3", Double.valueOf("1"));
+        conf.addProperty("double.list3", Double.valueOf("2"));
+        conf.addPropertyDirect("double.list4", new Double[] { Double.valueOf("1"), Double.valueOf("2") });
         conf.addPropertyDirect("double.list5", new double[] { 1, 2 });
         final List<Object> doubles = new ArrayList<>();
-        doubles.add(new Double("1"));
-        doubles.add(new Double("2"));
+        doubles.add(Double.valueOf("1"));
+        doubles.add(Double.valueOf("2"));
         conf.addProperty("double.list6", doubles);
         conf.addProperty("double.string", "1");
-        conf.addProperty("double.object", new Double("1"));
+        conf.addProperty("double.object", Double.valueOf("1"));
         conf.addProperty("double.list.interpolated", "${double.string},2");
 
         // lists of big integers
@@ -424,10 +424,10 @@
     public void testGetBooleanArray()
     {
         // missing list
-        final boolean[] defaultValue = new boolean[] { false, true };
+        final boolean[] defaultValue = { false, true };
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getBooleanArray("boolean.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final boolean[] expected = new boolean[] { true, false };
+        final boolean[] expected = { true, false };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getBooleanArray("boolean.list1"));
@@ -503,10 +503,10 @@
     public void testGetByteArray()
     {
         // missing list
-        final byte[] defaultValue = new byte[] { 1, 2};
+        final byte[] defaultValue = { 1, 2};
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getByteArray("byte.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final byte[] expected = new byte[] { 1, 2 };
+        final byte[] expected = { 1, 2 };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getByteArray("byte.list1"));
@@ -544,8 +544,8 @@
         ListAssert.assertEquals(null, conf.getByteList("byte.list", null));
 
         List<Object> expected = new ArrayList<>();
-        expected.add(new Byte("1"));
-        expected.add(new Byte("2"));
+        expected.add(Byte.valueOf("1"));
+        expected.add(Byte.valueOf("2"));
 
         // list of strings
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getByteList("byte.list1"));
@@ -570,7 +570,7 @@
 
         // single byte values
         expected = new ArrayList<>();
-        expected.add(new Byte("1"));
+        expected.add(Byte.valueOf("1"));
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getByteList("byte.string"));
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getByteList("byte.object"));
 
@@ -582,10 +582,10 @@
     public void testGetShortArray()
     {
         // missing list
-        final short[] defaultValue = new short[] { 2, 1};
+        final short[] defaultValue = { 2, 1};
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getShortArray("short.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final short[] expected = new short[] { 1, 2 };
+        final short[] expected = { 1, 2 };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getShortArray("short.list1"));
@@ -623,8 +623,8 @@
         ListAssert.assertEquals(null, conf.getShortList("short.list", null));
 
         List<Object> expected = new ArrayList<>();
-        expected.add(new Short("1"));
-        expected.add(new Short("2"));
+        expected.add(Short.valueOf("1"));
+        expected.add(Short.valueOf("2"));
 
         // list of strings
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getShortList("short.list1"));
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@
 
         // single short values
         expected = new ArrayList<>();
-        expected.add(new Short("1"));
+        expected.add(Short.valueOf("1"));
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getShortList("short.string"));
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getShortList("short.object"));
 
@@ -661,10 +661,10 @@
     public void testGetIntegerArray()
     {
         // missing list
-        final int[] defaultValue = new int[] { 2, 1};
+        final int[] defaultValue = { 2, 1};
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getIntArray("integer.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final int[] expected = new int[] { 1, 2 };
+        final int[] expected = { 1, 2 };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getIntArray("integer.list1"));
@@ -702,8 +702,8 @@
         ListAssert.assertEquals(null, conf.getIntegerList("integer.list", null));
 
         List<Object> expected = new ArrayList<>();
-        expected.add(new Integer("1"));
-        expected.add(new Integer("2"));
+        expected.add(Integer.valueOf("1"));
+        expected.add(Integer.valueOf("2"));
 
         // list of strings
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getIntegerList("integer.list1"));
@@ -728,7 +728,7 @@
 
         // single int values
         expected = new ArrayList<>();
-        expected.add(new Integer("1"));
+        expected.add(Integer.valueOf("1"));
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getIntegerList("integer.string"));
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getIntegerList("integer.object"));
 
@@ -740,10 +740,10 @@
     public void testGetLongArray()
     {
         // missing list
-        final long[] defaultValue = new long[] { 2, 1};
+        final long[] defaultValue = { 2, 1};
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getLongArray("long.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final long[] expected = new long[] { 1, 2 };
+        final long[] expected = { 1, 2 };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getLongArray("long.list1"));
@@ -781,8 +781,8 @@
         ListAssert.assertEquals(null, conf.getLongList("long.list", null));
 
         List<Object> expected = new ArrayList<>();
-        expected.add(new Long("1"));
-        expected.add(new Long("2"));
+        expected.add(Long.valueOf("1"));
+        expected.add(Long.valueOf("2"));
 
         // list of strings
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getLongList("long.list1"));
@@ -807,7 +807,7 @@
 
         // single long values
         expected = new ArrayList<>();
-        expected.add(new Long("1"));
+        expected.add(Long.valueOf("1"));
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getLongList("long.string"));
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getLongList("long.object"));
 
@@ -819,10 +819,10 @@
     public void testGetFloatArray()
     {
         // missing list
-        final float[] defaultValue = new float[] { 2, 1};
+        final float[] defaultValue = { 2, 1};
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getFloatArray("float.list", defaultValue), 0);
 
-        final float[] expected = new float[] { 1, 2 };
+        final float[] expected = { 1, 2 };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getFloatArray("float.list1"), 0);
@@ -860,8 +860,8 @@
         ListAssert.assertEquals(null, conf.getFloatList("float.list", null));
 
         List<Object> expected = new ArrayList<>();
-        expected.add(new Float("1"));
-        expected.add(new Float("2"));
+        expected.add(Float.valueOf("1"));
+        expected.add(Float.valueOf("2"));
 
         // list of strings
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getFloatList("float.list1"));
@@ -886,7 +886,7 @@
 
         // single float values
         expected = new ArrayList<>();
-        expected.add(new Float("1"));
+        expected.add(Float.valueOf("1"));
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getFloatList("float.string"));
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getFloatList("float.object"));
 
@@ -898,10 +898,10 @@
     public void testGetDoubleArray()
     {
         // missing list
-        final double[] defaultValue = new double[] { 2, 1 };
+        final double[] defaultValue = { 2, 1 };
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getDoubleArray("double.list", defaultValue), 0);
 
-        final double[] expected = new double[] { 1, 2 };
+        final double[] expected = { 1, 2 };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getDoubleArray("double.list1"), 0);
@@ -939,8 +939,8 @@
         ListAssert.assertEquals(null, conf.getDoubleList("double.list", null));
 
         List<Object> expected = new ArrayList<>();
-        expected.add(new Double("1"));
-        expected.add(new Double("2"));
+        expected.add(Double.valueOf("1"));
+        expected.add(Double.valueOf("2"));
 
         // list of strings
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getDoubleList("double.list1"));
@@ -965,7 +965,7 @@
 
         // single double values
         expected = new ArrayList<>();
-        expected.add(new Double("1"));
+        expected.add(Double.valueOf("1"));
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getDoubleList("double.string"));
         ListAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getDoubleList("double.object"));
 
@@ -977,10 +977,10 @@
     public void testGetBigIntegerArray()
     {
         // missing list
-        final BigInteger[] defaultValue = new BigInteger[] { new BigInteger("2"), new BigInteger("1") };
+        final BigInteger[] defaultValue = { new BigInteger("2"), new BigInteger("1") };
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getBigIntegerArray("biginteger.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final BigInteger[] expected = new BigInteger[] { new BigInteger("1"), new BigInteger("2") };
+        final BigInteger[] expected = { new BigInteger("1"), new BigInteger("2") };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getBigIntegerArray("biginteger.list1"));
@@ -1051,10 +1051,10 @@
     public void testGetBigDecimalArray()
     {
         // missing list
-        final BigDecimal[] defaultValue = new BigDecimal[] { new BigDecimal("2"), new BigDecimal("1") };
+        final BigDecimal[] defaultValue = { new BigDecimal("2"), new BigDecimal("1") };
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getBigDecimalArray("bigdecimal.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final BigDecimal[] expected = new BigDecimal[] { new BigDecimal("1"), new BigDecimal("2") };
+        final BigDecimal[] expected = { new BigDecimal("1"), new BigDecimal("2") };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getBigDecimalArray("bigdecimal.list1"));
@@ -1143,10 +1143,10 @@
     public void testGetURIArray() throws Exception
     {
         // missing list
-        final URI[] defaultValue = new URI[] { new URI("http://www.apache.org"), new URI("http://jakarta.apache.org") };
+        final URI[] defaultValue = { new URI("http://www.apache.org"), new URI("http://jakarta.apache.org") };
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getURIArray("url.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final URI[] expected = new URI[] { new URI("http://jakarta.apache.org"), new URI("http://www.apache.org") };
+        final URI[] expected = { new URI("http://jakarta.apache.org"), new URI("http://www.apache.org") };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getURIArray("uri.list1"));
@@ -1235,10 +1235,10 @@
     public void testGetURLArray() throws Exception
     {
         // missing list
-        final URL[] defaultValue = new URL[] { new URL("http://www.apache.org"), new URL("http://jakarta.apache.org") };
+        final URL[] defaultValue = { new URL("http://www.apache.org"), new URL("http://jakarta.apache.org") };
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getURLArray("url.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final URL[] expected = new URL[] { new URL("http://jakarta.apache.org"), new URL("http://www.apache.org") };
+        final URL[] expected = { new URL("http://jakarta.apache.org"), new URL("http://www.apache.org") };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getURLArray("url.list1"));
@@ -1344,10 +1344,10 @@
     public void testGetLocaleArray() throws Exception
     {
         // missing list
-        final Locale[] defaultValue = new Locale[] { Locale.GERMAN, Locale.FRENCH };
+        final Locale[] defaultValue = { Locale.GERMAN, Locale.FRENCH };
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getLocaleArray("locale.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final Locale[] expected = new Locale[] { Locale.FRENCH, Locale.GERMAN };
+        final Locale[] expected = { Locale.FRENCH, Locale.GERMAN };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getLocaleArray("locale.list1"));
@@ -1444,10 +1444,10 @@
     public void testGetColorArray() throws Exception
     {
         // missing list
-        final Color[] defaultValue = new Color[] { Color.red, Color.blue };
+        final Color[] defaultValue = { Color.red, Color.blue };
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getColorArray("color.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final Color[] expected = new Color[] { Color.red, Color.blue };
+        final Color[] expected = { Color.red, Color.blue };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getColorArray("color.list1"));
@@ -1595,10 +1595,10 @@
         final Date date2 = format.parse("2004-12-31");
 
         // missing list
-        final Date[] defaultValue = new Date[] { date2, date1 };
+        final Date[] defaultValue = { date2, date1 };
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getDateArray("date.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final Date[] expected = new Date[] { date1, date2 };
+        final Date[] expected = { date1, date2 };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getDateArray("date.list1"));
@@ -1635,7 +1635,7 @@
         final DateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("MM/dd/yyyy");
         final Date date1 = format.parse("01/01/2004");
         final Date date2 = format.parse("12/31/2004");
-        final Date[] expected = new Date[] { date1, date2 };
+        final Date[] expected = { date1, date2 };
 
         conf.addProperty("date.format", "01/01/2004");
         conf.addProperty("date.format", "12/31/2004");
@@ -1744,10 +1744,10 @@
         calendar2.setTime(date2);
 
         // missing list
-        final Calendar[] defaultValue = new Calendar[] { calendar2, calendar1 };
+        final Calendar[] defaultValue = { calendar2, calendar1 };
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(defaultValue, conf.getCalendarArray("calendar.list", defaultValue));
 
-        final Calendar[] expected = new Calendar[] { calendar1, calendar2 };
+        final Calendar[] expected = { calendar1, calendar2 };
 
         // list of strings
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals(expected, conf.getCalendarArray("calendar.list1"));
@@ -1789,7 +1789,7 @@
         calendar1.setTime(date1);
         final Calendar calendar2 = Calendar.getInstance();
         calendar2.setTime(date2);
-        final Calendar[] expected = new Calendar[] { calendar1, calendar2 };
+        final Calendar[] expected = { calendar1, calendar2 };
 
         conf.addProperty("calendar.format", "01/01/2004");
         conf.addProperty("calendar.format", "12/31/2004");
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestDynamicCombinedConfiguration.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestDynamicCombinedConfiguration.java
index af06c35..9f4fcb3 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestDynamicCombinedConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestDynamicCombinedConfiguration.java
@@ -317,8 +317,8 @@
 
         final Thread testThreads[] = new Thread[THREAD_COUNT];
         final int failures[] = new int[THREAD_COUNT];
-        final String[] ids = new String[] {null, "2002", "3001", "3002", "3003"};
-        final String[] expected = new String[] {"50", "25", "15", "25", "50"};
+        final String[] ids = {null, "2002", "3001", "3002", "3003"};
+        final String[] expected = {"50", "25", "15", "25", "50"};
         for (int i = 0; i < testThreads.length; ++i)
         {
             testThreads[i] = new ReloadThread(builder, failures, i, LOOP_COUNT, true, ids[i], expected[i]);
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestHierarchicalXMLConfiguration.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestHierarchicalXMLConfiguration.java
index 22865e4..60c0b4b 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestHierarchicalXMLConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestHierarchicalXMLConfiguration.java
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@
         config.clearProperty("test.entity[@name]");
         config.setProperty("element", "new value");
         config.setProperty("test(0)", "A <new> value");
-        config.addProperty("test(1).int", new Integer(9));
+        config.addProperty("test(1).int", Integer.valueOf(9));
         config.addProperty("list(1).sublist.item", "seven");
         config.setProperty("clear", "yes");
         config.setProperty("mean", "now it's simple");
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestMapConfiguration.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestMapConfiguration.java
index 53c03b8..3defd89 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestMapConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestMapConfiguration.java
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
     @Override
     protected AbstractConfiguration getEmptyConfiguration()
     {
-        return new MapConfiguration(new HashMap<String, Object>());
+        return new MapConfiguration(new HashMap<>());
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestSubnodeConfiguration.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestSubnodeConfiguration.java
index 8be95c4..a195806 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestSubnodeConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/TestSubnodeConfiguration.java
@@ -232,8 +232,7 @@
     public void testGetKeys()
     {
         setUpSubnodeConfig();
-        final Set<String> keys = new HashSet<>();
-        keys.addAll(ConfigurationAssert.keysToList(config));
+        final Set<String> keys = new HashSet<>(ConfigurationAssert.keysToList(config));
         assertEquals("Incorrect number of keys", 2, keys.size());
         assertTrue("Key 1 not contained", keys.contains("name"));
         assertTrue("Key 2 not contained", keys.contains("fields.field.name"));
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestBeanHelper.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestBeanHelper.java
index 44bd9a2..311d622 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestBeanHelper.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestBeanHelper.java
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testCreateBeanWithParameter()
     {
-        final Object param = new Integer(42);
+        final Object param = Integer.valueOf(42);
         final TestBeanFactory factory = new TestBeanFactory();
         helper.registerBeanFactory(TEST_FACTORY, factory);
         final BeanDeclarationTestImpl data = setUpBeanDeclaration();
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@
         final BeanDeclarationTestImpl buddyData = new BeanDeclarationTestImpl();
         final Map<String, Object> properties2 = new HashMap<>();
         properties2.put("stringValue", "Another test string");
-        properties2.put("intValue", new Integer(100));
+        properties2.put("intValue", Integer.valueOf(100));
         buddyData.setBeanProperties(properties2);
         buddyData.setBeanClassName(BeanCreationTestBean.class.getName());
 
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@
         final BeanDeclarationTestImpl childBean = new BeanDeclarationTestImpl();
         final Map<String, Object> properties2 = new HashMap<>();
         properties2.put("stringValue", name + " Another test string");
-        properties2.put("intValue", new Integer(100));
+        properties2.put("intValue", Integer.valueOf(100));
         childBean.setBeanProperties(properties2);
         childBean.setBeanClassName(BeanCreationTestBean.class.getName());
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestCombinedBeanDeclaration.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestCombinedBeanDeclaration.java
index 80f3451..a310818 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestCombinedBeanDeclaration.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestCombinedBeanDeclaration.java
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@
         final CombinedBeanDeclaration cd = createCombinedDeclaration();
         EasyMock.expect(decl(0).getConstructorArgs()).andReturn(null);
         EasyMock.expect(decl(1).getConstructorArgs()).andReturn(
-                new ArrayList<ConstructorArg>());
+                new ArrayList<>());
         EasyMock.expect(decl(2).getConstructorArgs()).andReturn(null);
         replay();
         assertTrue("Got constructor arguments", cd.getConstructorArgs()
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestConfigurationDynaBean.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestConfigurationDynaBean.java
index 71cdd98..c7c21e9 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestConfigurationDynaBean.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestConfigurationDynaBean.java
@@ -75,17 +75,17 @@
     Object[] values = {
             Boolean.TRUE,
             Boolean.TRUE,
-            new Double(Double.MAX_VALUE),
-            new Float(Float.MAX_VALUE),
-            new Integer(Integer.MAX_VALUE),
-            new Long(Long.MAX_VALUE),
+            Double.valueOf(Double.MAX_VALUE),
+            Float.valueOf(Float.MAX_VALUE),
+            Integer.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE),
+            Long.valueOf(Long.MAX_VALUE),
             "First Value",
             "Second Value",
             "Third Value",
-            new Integer(Integer.MAX_VALUE),
-            new Short(Short.MAX_VALUE),
+            Integer.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE),
+            Short.valueOf(Short.MAX_VALUE),
             "This is a string",
-            new Byte(Byte.MAX_VALUE),
+            Byte.valueOf(Byte.MAX_VALUE),
             Character.valueOf(Character.MAX_VALUE)
     };
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
         }
 
         for (final int element : intArray) {
-            configuration.addProperty("intIndexed", new Integer(element));
+            configuration.addProperty("intIndexed", Integer.valueOf(element));
         }
 
         for (final String element : stringArray) {
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@
     @Test(expected = IndexOutOfBoundsException.class)
     public void testSetIndexedArguments()
     {
-        bean.set("intArray", -1, new Integer(0));
+        bean.set("intArray", -1, Integer.valueOf(0));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testSetIndexedValues()
     {
-        bean.set("intArray", 0, new Integer(1));
+        bean.set("intArray", 0, Integer.valueOf(1));
         Object value = bean.get("intArray", 0);
 
         assertNotNull("Returned new value 0", value);
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@
         assertEquals("Returned correct new value 0", 1, ((Integer) value).intValue());
 
 
-        bean.set("intIndexed", 1, new Integer(11));
+        bean.set("intIndexed", 1, Integer.valueOf(11));
         value = bean.get("intIndexed", 1);
 
         assertNotNull("Returned new value 1", value);
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testSetArrayValue()
     {
-        final MapConfiguration configuration = new MapConfiguration(new HashMap<String, Object>());
+        final MapConfiguration configuration = new MapConfiguration(new HashMap<>());
         configuration.getMap().put("objectArray", new Object[] {"value1", "value2", "value3"});
 
         final ConfigurationDynaBean bean = new ConfigurationDynaBean(configuration);
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@
     {
         final boolean oldValue = ((Boolean) bean.get("booleanProperty")).booleanValue();
         final boolean newValue = !oldValue;
-        bean.set("booleanProperty", new Boolean(newValue));
+        bean.set("booleanProperty", Boolean.valueOf(newValue));
         assertTrue("Matched new value", newValue == ((Boolean) bean.get("booleanProperty")).booleanValue());
     }
 
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@
     {
         final double oldValue = ((Double) bean.get("doubleProperty")).doubleValue();
         final double newValue = oldValue + 1.0;
-        bean.set("doubleProperty", new Double(newValue));
+        bean.set("doubleProperty", Double.valueOf(newValue));
         assertEquals("Matched new value", newValue, ((Double) bean.get("doubleProperty")).doubleValue(), 0.005);
     }
 
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@
     {
         final float oldValue = ((Float) bean.get("floatProperty")).floatValue();
         final float newValue = oldValue + (float) 1.0;
-        bean.set("floatProperty", new Float(newValue));
+        bean.set("floatProperty", Float.valueOf(newValue));
         assertEquals("Matched new value", newValue, ((Float) bean.get("floatProperty")).floatValue(), 0.005f);
     }
 
@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@
     {
         final int oldValue = ((Integer) bean.get("intProperty")).intValue();
         final int newValue = oldValue + 1;
-        bean.set("intProperty", new Integer(newValue));
+        bean.set("intProperty", Integer.valueOf(newValue));
         assertEquals("Matched new value", newValue, ((Integer) bean.get("intProperty")).intValue());
     }
 
@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@
     {
         final long oldValue = ((Long) bean.get("longProperty")).longValue();
         final long newValue = oldValue + 1;
-        bean.set("longProperty", new Long(newValue));
+        bean.set("longProperty", Long.valueOf(newValue));
         assertEquals("Matched new value", newValue, ((Long) bean.get("longProperty")).longValue());
     }
 
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@
     {
         final short oldValue = ((Short) bean.get("shortProperty")).shortValue();
         final short newValue = (short) (oldValue + 1);
-        bean.set("shortProperty", new Short(newValue));
+        bean.set("shortProperty", Short.valueOf(newValue));
         assertEquals("Matched new value", newValue, ((Short) bean.get("shortProperty")).shortValue());
     }
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestDefaultBeanFactory.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestDefaultBeanFactory.java
index 2dcbcb7..a0dde01 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestDefaultBeanFactory.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/beanutils/TestDefaultBeanFactory.java
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@
         final BeanDeclarationTestImpl buddyData = new BeanDeclarationTestImpl();
         final Map<String, Object> properties2 = new HashMap<>();
         properties2.put("stringValue", "Another test string");
-        properties2.put("intValue", new Integer(100));
+        properties2.put("intValue", Integer.valueOf(100));
         buddyData.setBeanProperties(properties2);
         buddyData.setBeanClassName(BeanCreationTestBean.class.getName());
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/TestBasicBuilderParameters.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/TestBasicBuilderParameters.java
index 705a2f9..b15a72f 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/TestBasicBuilderParameters.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/TestBasicBuilderParameters.java
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testSetPrefixLookupsNull()
     {
-        params.setPrefixLookups(new HashMap<String, Lookup>());
+        params.setPrefixLookups(new HashMap<>());
         params.setPrefixLookups(null);
         assertFalse("Found key",
                 params.getParameters().containsKey("prefixLookups"));
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testSetDefaultLookupsNull()
     {
-        params.setDefaultLookups(new ArrayList<Lookup>());
+        params.setDefaultLookups(new ArrayList<>());
         params.setDefaultLookups(null);
         assertFalse("Found key",
                 params.getParameters().containsKey("defaultLookups"));
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/TestFileBasedBuilderParameters.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/TestFileBasedBuilderParameters.java
index b96ee04..589232a 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/TestFileBasedBuilderParameters.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/TestFileBasedBuilderParameters.java
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@
     {
         assertNull("Got an instance",
                 FileBasedBuilderParametersImpl
-                        .fromParameters(new HashMap<String, Object>()));
+                        .fromParameters(new HashMap<>()));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@
     {
         final FileBasedBuilderParametersImpl params =
                 FileBasedBuilderParametersImpl.fromParameters(
-                        new HashMap<String, Object>(), true);
+                        new HashMap<>(), true);
         assertFalse("Got a location", params.getFileHandler()
                 .isLocationDefined());
     }
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@
                 new FileBasedBuilderParametersImpl()
                         .setReloadingRefreshDelay(20160213211429L);
 
-        params.inheritFrom(new HashMap<String, Object>());
+        params.inheritFrom(new HashMap<>());
         assertNotNull("Properties were overwritten",
                 params.getReloadingRefreshDelay());
     }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/TestCombinedBuilderParametersImpl.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/TestCombinedBuilderParametersImpl.java
index c2d4ba9..daa1ef7 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/TestCombinedBuilderParametersImpl.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/TestCombinedBuilderParametersImpl.java
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
     {
         assertNull("Got an instance",
                 CombinedBuilderParametersImpl
-                        .fromParameters(new HashMap<String, Object>()));
+                        .fromParameters(new HashMap<>()));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
     {
         final CombinedBuilderParametersImpl params =
                 CombinedBuilderParametersImpl.fromParameters(
-                        new HashMap<String, Object>(), true);
+                        new HashMap<>(), true);
         assertNotNull("No instance", params);
         assertNull("Got data", params.getDefinitionBuilder());
     }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/TestFileExtensionConfigurationBuilderProvider.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/TestFileExtensionConfigurationBuilderProvider.java
index 8a80ae3..8b85982 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/TestFileExtensionConfigurationBuilderProvider.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/TestFileExtensionConfigurationBuilderProvider.java
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
         final FileExtensionConfigurationBuilderProvider provider = setUpProvider();
         assertEquals("Wrong class", DEF_CLASS,
                 provider.determineConfigurationClass(decl,
-                        new ArrayList<BuilderParameters>()));
+                        new ArrayList<>()));
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/TestMultiFileBuilderParametersImpl.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/TestMultiFileBuilderParametersImpl.java
index f5a5803..149b4a5 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/TestMultiFileBuilderParametersImpl.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/builder/combined/TestMultiFileBuilderParametersImpl.java
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
     {
         assertNull("Got an instance",
                 MultiFileBuilderParametersImpl
-                        .fromParameters(new HashMap<String, Object>()));
+                        .fromParameters(new HashMap<>()));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
     {
         params =
                 MultiFileBuilderParametersImpl.fromParameters(
-                        new HashMap<String, Object>(), true);
+                        new HashMap<>(), true);
         assertNotNull("No new instance", params);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/TestDefaultConversionHandler.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/TestDefaultConversionHandler.java
index efdb1e1..b4e5e1f 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/TestDefaultConversionHandler.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/TestDefaultConversionHandler.java
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testToCollectionSuccess()
     {
-        final Object[] src = new Object[] {
+        final Object[] src = {
                 VAR, "100"
         };
         final List<Integer> col = new ArrayList<>(src.length);
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testToArrayPrimitiveSameType()
     {
-        final int[] src = new int[] {
+        final int[] src = {
                 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
         };
         final int[] array =
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testToArrayPrimitiveWrapperType()
     {
-        final Integer[] src = new Integer[] {
+        final Integer[] src = {
                 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128
         };
         final int[] array =
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/TestPropertyConverter.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/TestPropertyConverter.java
index 6fa69ff..e5136b9 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/TestPropertyConverter.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/convert/TestPropertyConverter.java
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testToNumberDirect()
     {
-        final Integer i = new Integer(42);
+        final Integer i = Integer.valueOf(42);
         assertSame("Wrong integer", i, PropertyConverter.toNumber(i, Integer.class));
         final BigDecimal d = new BigDecimal("3.1415");
         assertSame("Wrong BigDecimal", d, PropertyConverter.toNumber(d, Integer.class));
@@ -151,8 +151,8 @@
     @Test
     public void testToNumberFromString()
     {
-        assertEquals("Incorrect Integer value", new Integer(42), PropertyConverter.toNumber("42", Integer.class));
-        assertEquals("Incorrect Short value", new Short((short) 10), PropertyConverter.toNumber(new StringBuffer("10"), Short.class));
+        assertEquals("Incorrect Integer value", Integer.valueOf(42), PropertyConverter.toNumber("42", Integer.class));
+        assertEquals("Incorrect Short value", Short.valueOf((short) 10), PropertyConverter.toNumber(new StringBuffer("10"), Short.class));
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/event/TestHierarchicalConfigurationEvents.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/event/TestHierarchicalConfigurationEvents.java
index 8f7a88b..9ae581e 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/event/TestHierarchicalConfigurationEvents.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/event/TestHierarchicalConfigurationEvents.java
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
     public void testAddNodesEmptyEvent()
     {
         ((BaseHierarchicalConfiguration) config).addNodes(TEST_PROPNAME,
-                new ArrayList<ImmutableNode>());
+                new ArrayList<>());
         listener.done();
     }
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/event/TestMapConfigurationEvents.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/event/TestMapConfigurationEvents.java
index 9f94ede..161a28a 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/event/TestMapConfigurationEvents.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/event/TestMapConfigurationEvents.java
@@ -30,6 +30,6 @@
     @Override
     protected AbstractConfiguration createConfiguration()
     {
-        return new MapConfiguration(new HashMap<String, Object>());
+        return new MapConfiguration(new HashMap<>());
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/event/TestSubsetConfigurationEvents.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/event/TestSubsetConfigurationEvents.java
index 2f24201..2d309f7 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/event/TestSubsetConfigurationEvents.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/event/TestSubsetConfigurationEvents.java
@@ -31,6 +31,6 @@
     @Override
     protected AbstractConfiguration createConfiguration()
     {
-        return (SubsetConfiguration)new MapConfiguration(new HashMap<String, Object>()).subset("test");
+        return (SubsetConfiguration)new MapConfiguration(new HashMap<>()).subset("test");
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/TestPropertyListConfiguration.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/TestPropertyListConfiguration.java
index c2ea77e..24825b0 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/TestPropertyListConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/TestPropertyListConfiguration.java
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@
     public void testSetDataProperty() throws Exception
     {
         final File saveFile = folder.newFile();
-        final byte[] expected = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+        final byte[] expected = {1, 2, 3, 4};
         config = new PropertyListConfiguration();
         config.setProperty("foo", expected);
         saveConfig(saveFile);
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@
     public void testAddDataProperty() throws Exception
     {
         final File saveFile = folder.newFile();
-        final byte[] expected = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+        final byte[] expected = {1, 2, 3, 4};
         config = new PropertyListConfiguration();
         config.addProperty("foo", expected);
         saveConfig(saveFile);
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/TestPropertyListParser.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/TestPropertyListParser.java
index 1617638..e6462d0 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/TestPropertyListParser.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/TestPropertyListParser.java
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testFilterData() throws Exception
     {
-        final byte[] expected = new byte[] {0x20, 0x20};
+        final byte[] expected = {0x20, 0x20};
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals("null string", null, parser.filterData(null));
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals("data with < >", expected, parser.filterData("<2020>"));
         ArrayAssert.assertEquals("data without < >", expected, parser.filterData("2020"));
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/TestXMLPropertyListConfiguration.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/TestXMLPropertyListConfiguration.java
index 7b1a9e7..f3dd07c 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/TestXMLPropertyListConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/plist/TestXMLPropertyListConfiguration.java
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@
     public void testSetDataProperty() throws Exception
     {
         final File savedFile = folder.newFile();
-        final byte[] expected = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+        final byte[] expected = {1, 2, 3, 4};
         config = new XMLPropertyListConfiguration();
         config.setProperty("foo", expected);
         save(savedFile);
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@
     public void testAddDataProperty() throws Exception
     {
         final File savedFile = folder.newFile();
-        final byte[] expected = new byte[]{1, 2, 3, 4};
+        final byte[] expected = {1, 2, 3, 4};
         config = new XMLPropertyListConfiguration();
         config.addProperty("foo", expected);
         save(savedFile);
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/reloading/TestReloadingController.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/reloading/TestReloadingController.java
index 84e5a56..4e7ea32 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/reloading/TestReloadingController.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/reloading/TestReloadingController.java
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
     {
         final EventListener<ReloadingEvent> l = createListenerMock();
         EasyMock.expect(detector.isReloadingRequired()).andReturn(Boolean.TRUE);
-        expectEvent(l, new MutableObject<ReloadingEvent>());
+        expectEvent(l, new MutableObject<>());
         EasyMock.replay(detector, l);
         final ReloadingController ctrl = createController();
         ctrl.addEventListener(ReloadingEvent.ANY, l);
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/TestImmutableNode.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/TestImmutableNode.java
index 91582fb..1041c69 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/TestImmutableNode.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/TestImmutableNode.java
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testSetAttributesEmpty()
     {
-        checkSetAttributesNoOp(new HashMap<String, Object>());
+        checkSetAttributesNoOp(new HashMap<>());
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/TestInMemoryNodeModel.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/TestInMemoryNodeModel.java
index 32a56d6..43f48a8 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/TestInMemoryNodeModel.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/TestInMemoryNodeModel.java
@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@
                 resolver.resolveUpdateKey(
                         NodeStructureHelper.ROOT_PERSONAE_TREE, KEY, this,
                         model.getNodeHandler())).andReturn(
-                new NodeUpdateData<ImmutableNode>(null, null, null, null));
+                new NodeUpdateData<>(null, null, null, null));
         EasyMock.replay(resolver);
 
         model.setProperty(KEY, this, resolver);
@@ -919,7 +919,7 @@
         EasyMock.expect(
                 resolver.resolveKey(NodeStructureHelper.ROOT_AUTHORS_TREE, KEY,
                         model.getNodeHandler())).andReturn(
-                new ArrayList<QueryResult<ImmutableNode>>(0));
+                new ArrayList<>(0));
         EasyMock.expect(
                 resolver.resolveAddKey(NodeStructureHelper.ROOT_AUTHORS_TREE,
                         KEY, model.getNodeHandler())).andReturn(
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/TestInMemoryNodeModelTrackedNodes.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/TestInMemoryNodeModelTrackedNodes.java
index fef95e8..af2b376 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/TestInMemoryNodeModelTrackedNodes.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/tree/TestInMemoryNodeModelTrackedNodes.java
@@ -936,7 +936,7 @@
                 .andReturn(Collections.singletonList(node));
         EasyMock.expect(
                 resolver.nodeKey(EasyMock.anyObject(ImmutableNode.class),
-                        EasyMock.eq(new HashMap<ImmutableNode, String>()),
+                        EasyMock.eq(new HashMap<>()),
                         EasyMock.anyObject(TreeData.class)))
                 .andReturn(childKey);
         EasyMock.replay(resolver);
@@ -978,7 +978,7 @@
     @Test(expected = ConfigurationRuntimeException.class)
     public void testTrackChildNodeWithCreationNoResults()
     {
-        checkTrackChildNodeWithCreationInvalidKey(new ArrayList<ImmutableNode>());
+        checkTrackChildNodeWithCreationInvalidKey(new ArrayList<>());
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/web/TestServletRequestConfiguration.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/web/TestServletRequestConfiguration.java
index 3b05340..b249984 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/web/TestServletRequestConfiguration.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/configuration2/web/TestServletRequestConfiguration.java
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@
 
         for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++)
         {
-            assertEquals("Wrong value at index " + i, values[i].replaceAll("\\\\", ""), v.get(i));
+            assertEquals("Wrong value at index " + i, values[i].replace("\\", ""), v.get(i));
         }
     }
 }