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| <html> |
| |
| <head> |
| <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us"> |
| <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheets/style.css"> |
| <title>Installing Apache Ant</title> |
| </head> |
| |
| <body> |
| <h1>Installing Apache Ant</h1> |
| <h2><a name="getting">Getting Apache Ant</a></h2> |
| |
| <h3>The Short Story</h3> |
| <p>To get up and running with the binary edition of Ant quickly, follow these steps: |
| <ol> |
| <li>Make sure you have a Java environment installed, See <a href="#sysrequirements">System |
| Requirements</a> for details.</li> |
| <li>Download Ant. See <a href="#getBinary">Binary Edition</a> for details.</li> |
| <li>Uncompress the downloaded file into a directory.</li> |
| <li>Set environmental variables <code>JAVA_HOME</code> to your Java environment, <code>ANT_HOME</code> to |
| the directory you uncompressed Ant to, and add <code>${ANT_HOME}/bin</code> (Unix) or |
| <code>%ANT_HOME%/bin</code> (Windows) to your <code>PATH</code>. See <a href="#setup">Setup</a> for details.</li> |
| <li>Optionally, from the <code>ANT_HOME</code> directory run <code>ant -f fetch.xml -Ddest=system</code> to get |
| the library dependencies of most of the Ant tasks that require them. If you don't do this, many of the dependent |
| Ant tasks will not be available. See <a href="#optionalTasks">Optional Tasks</a> for details and other options |
| for the -Ddest parameter.</li> |
| <li>Optionally, add any desired Antlibs. See <a href="http://ant.apache.org/antlibs/proper.html" target="_top">Ant Libraries</a> for a list. |
| </ol> |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Note that the links in the list above will give more details about each of the steps, |
| should you need them. Or you can just continue reading the rest of this document. |
| </p> |
| The short story for working with the Ant source code (not needed if you are working with the binary edition) is: |
| <ol> |
| <li>Get the source code. See <a href="#sourceEdition">Source Edition</a> for details.</li> |
| <li> Build Ant. See <a href="#buildingant">Building Ant</a> for details.</li> |
| </ol> |
| <p> |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| For the full story, continue reading. |
| </p> |
| |
| <h3><a name="getBinary">Binary Edition</a></h3> |
| |
| <p>The latest stable version of Ant is available from the Ant web page <a |
| href="http://ant.apache.org/" target="_top">http://ant.apache.org/</a> |
| </p> |
| |
| <p>The binary edition of Ant is shipped with 3 different compression formats: |
| <ol> |
| <li><b>.zip</b> - Recommended compression format for Windows, can also be used on other platforms. Supported |
| by many programs and some operating systems natively.</li> |
| <li><b>.tar.gz</b> - Uses the tar program to gather files together, and gzip to compress and uncompress.</li> |
| <li><b>.tar.bz2</b> - Uses the tar program to gather files together, and bzip2 to compress and uncompress..</li> |
| </ol> |
| Choose the format that is best supported for your platform. |
| </p> |
| |
| <h3>As a binary in an RPM Package</h3> |
| |
| <p>Consult the <a href="#jpackage">jpackage</a> section below.</p> |
| |
| <h3>Bundled in IDEs</h3> |
| <p> |
| All the main Java IDEs ship with Ant, products such as Eclipse, NetBeans |
| and IntelliJ IDEA. If you install Ant this way you usually get the most recent |
| release of Ant at the time the IDE was released. Some of the IDEs (Eclipse |
| and NetBeans in particular) ship with extra tasks that only work if |
| IDE-specific tools are on Ant's path. To use these on command-line versions |
| of Ant, the relevant JARs need to be added to the command-line Ant as |
| extra libraries/tasks. Note that if it is an IDE task or extension that is |
| not behaving, the Ant team is unable to field bug reports. Try the IDE mailing |
| lists first, who will cross-file bugs if appropriate. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| IDE's can invariably be pointed at different Ant installations. This lets |
| developers upgrade to a new release of Ant, and eliminate inconsistencies |
| between command-line and IDE Ant. |
| </p> |
| |
| <h3>Bundled in Java applications</h3> |
| |
| <p> |
| Many Java applications, most particularly application servers, ship with |
| a version of Ant. These are primarily for internal use by the application, |
| using the Java APIs to delegate tasks such as JSP page compilation to the Ant |
| runtime. Such distributions are usually unsupported by everyone. Particularly |
| troublesome are those products that not only ship with their own Ant release, |
| they add their own version of ANT.BAT or ant.sh to the PATH. If Ant starts |
| behaving weirdly after installing something, try the |
| <a href="#diagnostics">diagnostics</a> advice. |
| </p> |
| |
| <h3><a name="sourceEdition">Source Edition</a></h3> |
| |
| <p>If you prefer the source edition, you can download the source for the latest |
| Ant release from |
| <a href="http://ant.apache.org/srcdownload.cgi" target="_top">http://ant.apache.org/srcdownload.cgi</a>. |
| |
| If you prefer the leading-edge code, you can access |
| the code as it is being developed via git. The Ant website has details on |
| <a href="http://ant.apache.org/git.html" target="_top">accessing git</a>. |
| All bug fixes will go in against the HEAD of the source tree, and the first |
| response to many bugreps will be "have you tried the latest version". |
| Don't be afraid to download and build a prererelease edition, as everything |
| other than new features are usually stable. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| |
| |
| See the section <a href="#buildingant">Building Ant</a> on how to |
| build Ant from the source code. |
| You can also access the |
| <a href="https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf?p=ant.git;a=summary" target="_top"> |
| Ant SVN repository</a> on-line. </p> |
| |
| <h3 name="archives">Archive Download Area Layout</h3> |
| <p> |
| Older versions of Ant are available in the archives at <a |
| href="http://archive.apache.org/dist/ant/" target="_top">http://archive.apache.org/dist/ant/</a>. The |
| files are organized as follows. |
| </p> |
| <table> |
| <tr> |
| <th>Filename or Path</th> |
| <th>Description</th> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>KEYS</td> |
| <td>PGP-Keysfile. It contains the PGP-keys of Ant developers so you can 'trust' the distribution. </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>RELEASE-NOTES-{version}.html</td> |
| <td> |
| Release notes of the given version in HTML format. When upgrading your Ant installation you |
| should have a look at the <i>Changes that could break older environments</i> section. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>ant-current-bin.zip</td> |
| <td> |
| ZIP-Archive containing the compiled version of Ant in the last released version. It is recommended that |
| you do not download the latest version this way, as the standard way of downloading described above will |
| redirect you to a mirror closer to you, thus making the download faster for you and reducing the load |
| on Apache servers. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>ant-current-src.zip</td> |
| <td> |
| ZIP-Archive containing the sources of Ant. If you have this you could compile Ant itself. |
| If you do not have the <i>required</i> dependencies, the classes depending on them are just not |
| built. Again, it is preferred to use the standard way of getting the source package described above |
| to make your download quicker and to reduce the load on Apache servers. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>ant-current-*.asc</td> |
| <td> |
| Security file for checking the correctness of the zip file. This one is the |
| <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretty_Good_Privacy" target="_blank">PGP</a> key. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>ant-current-*.md5</td> |
| <td> |
| Security file for checking the correctness of the zip file. This one is the |
| <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Md5" target="_blank">MD5</a> key. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>ant-current-*.sha1</td> |
| <td> |
| Security file for checking the correctness of the zip file. This one is the |
| <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1" target="_blank">SHA1</a> key. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>antlibs/</td> |
| <td> |
| This directory holds the Antlibs that are made of available by the Apache Ant project. |
| Antlibs are bundles of Ant tasks that are not delivered as part of the Ant core but are |
| available as optional downloads. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>binaries/</td> |
| <td> |
| The binaries directory holds specific Ant releases bundled in both ZIP and tar.gz compression |
| formats. The named releases are in contrast to the ant-current-bin.zip file in the parent |
| directory, which is always guaranteed to be the most current release of Ant. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>common/</td> |
| <td> |
| The common directory holds various files, such as the Apache License file that Ant is licensed |
| under, that people may wish to examine without having to download the whole Ant distribution. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>source/</td> |
| <td> |
| The source directory holds the source code for specific Ant releases bundled in both ZIP and |
| tar.gz compression formats. The named releases are in contrast to the ant-current-src.zip file |
| in the parent directory, which is always guaranteed to hold the source code for the most current |
| release of Ant. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <hr> |
| <h2><a name="sysrequirements">System Requirements</a></h2> |
| Ant has been used successfully on many platforms, including Linux, |
| commercial flavours of Unix such as Solaris and HP-UX, |
| Windows NT-platforms, OS/2 Warp, Novell Netware 6, OpenVMS and MacOS X. |
| The platforms used most for development are, in no particular order, |
| Linux, MacOS X, Windows XP and Unix; these are therefore that platforms |
| that tend to work best. As of Ant1.7, Windows 9x is no longer supported. |
| |
| <p> |
| For the current version of Ant, you will also need a JDK installed on |
| your system, version 1.4 or later required, 1.7 or later strongly recommended. |
| The more up-to-date the version of Java , the more Ant tasks you get. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| <strong>Note: </strong>If a JDK is not present, only the JRE runtime, then many tasks will not work. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| <strong>Note: </strong> |
| Ant 1.8.* works with jdk1.4 and higher, Ant 1.7.* works with jdk1.3 and higher, Ant 1.6.* works with jdk 1.2 and higher, |
| Ant 1.2 to Ant 1.5.* work with jdk 1.1 and higher. |
| </p> |
| |
| <h3>Open Source Java Runtimes</h3> |
| <p> |
| The Ant team strongly supports users running Ant on <a target="_blank" href="http://openjdk.java.net/">OpenJDK</a> and other |
| open source Java runtimes, and so strives to have a product that works |
| well on those platforms. |
| </p> |
| <hr> |
| <h2><a name="installing">Installing Ant</a></h2> |
| <p>The binary distribution of Ant consists of the following directory layout: |
| <pre> |
| ant |
| +--- README, LICENSE, fetch.xml, other text files. //basic information |
| +--- bin // contains launcher scripts |
| | |
| +--- lib // contains Ant jars plus necessary dependencies |
| | |
| +--- docs // contains documentation |
| | | |
| | +--- images // various logos for html documentation |
| | | |
| | +--- manual // Ant documentation (a must read ;-) |
| | |
| +--- etc // contains xsl goodies to: |
| // - create an enhanced report from xml output of various tasks. |
| // - migrate your build files and get rid of 'deprecated' warning |
| // - ... and more ;-) |
| </pre> |
| |
| Only the <code>bin</code> and <code>lib</code> directories are |
| required to run Ant. |
| |
| To install Ant, choose a directory and copy the distribution |
| files there. This directory will be known as ANT_HOME. |
| </p> |
| |
| <table width="80%"> |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="2"> |
| <b>Windows 95, Windows 98 & Windows ME Note:</b> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td width="5%"> </td> |
| <td><i> |
| Note that current releases of Ant no longer support these systems. If you are using an older |
| version of Ant, however, the script used to launch Ant will have |
| problems if ANT_HOME is a long filename (i.e. a filename which is not |
| of the format known as "8.3"). This is due to |
| limitations in the OS's handling of the <code>"for"</code> |
| batch-file statement. It is recommended, therefore, that Ant be |
| installed in a <b>short</b>, 8.3 path, such as C:\Ant. </i> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td width="5%"> </td> |
| <td> |
| <p>On these systems you will also need to configure more environment |
| space to cater for the environment variables used in the Ant launch script. |
| To do this, you will need to add or update the following line in |
| the <code>config.sys</code> file |
| </p> |
| <p><code>shell=c:\command.com c:\ /p /e:32768</code></p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <h3><a name="setup">Setup</a></h3> |
| <p> |
| Before you can run Ant there is some additional set up you |
| will need to do unless you are installing the <a href="#jpackage">RPM |
| version from jpackage.org</a>:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>Add the <code>bin</code> directory to your path.</li> |
| <li>Set the <code>ANT_HOME</code> environment variable to the |
| directory where you installed Ant. On some operating systems, Ant's |
| startup scripts can guess <code>ANT_HOME</code> (Unix dialects and |
| Windows NT/2000), but it is better to not rely on this behavior.</li> |
| <li>Optionally, set the <code>JAVA_HOME</code> environment variable |
| (see the <a href="#advanced">Advanced</a> section below). |
| This should be set to the directory where your JDK is installed.</li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>Operating System-specific instructions for doing this from the command |
| line are in the <a href="#windows">Windows</a>, <a href="#bash">Linux/Unix (bash)</a>, |
| and <a href="#tcshcsh">Linux/Unix (csh)</a> sections. Note that using this method, |
| the settings will only be valid for the command line session you run them in.</p> |
| <p><strong>Note:</strong> Do not install Ant's ant.jar file into the lib/ext |
| directory of the JDK/JRE. Ant is an application, whilst the extension |
| directory is intended for JDK extensions. In particular there are security |
| restrictions on the classes which may be loaded by an extension.</p> |
| |
| <table width="80%"> |
| <tr> |
| <td colspan="2"> |
| <b>Windows Note:</b> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td width="5%"> </td> |
| <td> |
| The ant.bat script makes use of three environment variables - |
| ANT_HOME, CLASSPATH and JAVA_HOME. <b>Ensure</b> that ANT_HOME and JAVA_HOME variables are set, |
| and that they do <b><u>not</u></b> have quotes (either |
| ' or ") and they do <b><u>not</u></b> end with \ or with /. CLASSPATH should be unset or |
| empty. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| |
| <h3><a name="checkInstallation">Check Installation</a></h3> |
| <p>You can check the basic installation with opening a new shell and typing <tt>ant</tt>. You |
| should get a message like this |
| <pre> |
| Buildfile: build.xml does not exist! |
| Build failed |
| </pre> |
| So Ant works. This message is there because you need to write an individual buildfile for your |
| project. With a <tt>ant -version</tt> you should get an output like |
| <pre> |
| Apache Ant(TM) version 1.9.2 compiled on July 8 2013 |
| </pre> |
| </p> |
| <p>If this does not work ensure your environment variables are set right. They must resolve to: |
| <ul> |
| <li>required: %ANT_HOME%\bin\ant.bat</li> |
| <li>optional: %JAVA_HOME%\bin\java.exe</li> |
| <li>required: %PATH%=...<i>maybe-other-entries</i>...;%ANT_HOME%\bin;...<i>maybe-other-entries</i>...</li> |
| </ul> |
| <b>ANT_HOME</b> is used by the launcher script for finding the libraries. |
| <b>JAVA_HOME</b> is used by the launcher for finding the JDK/JRE to use. (JDK is recommended as some tasks |
| require the java tools.) If not set, the launcher tries to find one via the %PATH% environment variable. |
| <b>PATH</b> is set for user convenience. With that set you can just start <i>ant</i> instead of always typing |
| <i>the/complete/path/to/your/ant/installation/bin/ant</i>. |
| </p> |
| |
| <h3><a name="optionalTasks">Optional Tasks</a></h3> |
| <p>Ant supports a number of optional tasks. An optional task is a task which |
| typically requires an external library to function. The optional tasks are |
| packaged together with the core Ant tasks.</p> |
| |
| <p>The external libraries required by each of the optional tasks is detailed |
| in the <a href="#librarydependencies">Library Dependencies</a> section. These external |
| libraries must be added to Ant's classpath, in any of the following ways: |
| </p> |
| <ul> |
| <li><p> |
| In <code><i>ANT_HOME</i>/lib</code>. This makes the JAR files available to all |
| Ant users and builds. |
| </p></li> |
| |
| <li><p> |
| In <code>${user.home}/.ant/lib</code> (as of Ant 1.6). This |
| allows different users to add new libraries to Ant. All JAR files |
| added to this directory are available to command-line Ant. |
| </p></li> |
| |
| <li><p> |
| On the command line with a <code>-lib</code> parameter. This lets |
| you add new JAR files on a case-by-case basis. |
| </p></li> |
| |
| <li><p> |
| In the <code>CLASSPATH</code> environment variable. Avoid this; it makes |
| the JAR files visible to <i>all</i> Java applications, and causes |
| no end of support calls. See <a href="#classpath">below</a> for details. |
| </p> |
| </li> |
| |
| <li><p> |
| In some <code><classpath></code> accepted by the task itself. |
| For example, as of Ant 1.7.0 you can run the <code><junit></code> |
| task without <code>junit.jar</code> in Ant's own classpath, so long as |
| it is included (along with your program and tests) in the classpath |
| passed when running the task. |
| </p><p> |
| Where possible, this option is generally |
| to be preferred, as the Ant script itself can determine the best path |
| to load the library from: via relative path from the basedir (if you |
| keep the library under version control with your project), according |
| to Ant properties, environment variables, Ivy downloads, whatever you like. |
| </p></li> |
| |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p> |
| If you are using the binary version of Ant, or if you are working from source |
| code, you can easily gather most of the dependencies and install them for use |
| with your Ant tasks. In your <code>ANT_HOME</code> directory you should see a |
| file called <code>fetch.xml</code>. This is an Ant script that you can run to |
| install almost all the dependencies the optional Ant tasks need. |
| </p> |
| |
| <p> |
| To do so, change to the <code>ANT_HOME</code> directory and execute the command: |
| </p> |
| |
| <blockquote> |
| <pre>ant -f fetch.xml -Ddest=<i>[option]</i></pre> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| <p> |
| where option is one of the following, as described above: |
| <ul> |
| <li><code>system</code> - store in Ant's lib directory <i>(Recommended)</i></li> |
| <li><code>user</code> - store in the user's home directory</li> |
| <li><code>optional</code> - store in Ant's source code lib/optional directory, used if building Ant source code</li> |
| </ul> |
| </p> |
| |
| <p> |
| You may also need to set proxy settings. See the <a href="#proxy">Proxy Settings</a> section for details. |
| </p> |
| |
| <p> |
| Note that not all dependencies are gathered using <code>fetch.xml</code>. Tasks that depend on |
| commercial software, in particular, will require you to have the commercial software installed |
| in order to be used. |
| </p> |
| |
| <p>The Apache Ant Project also provides additional tasks and types that are available as separately |
| downloaded Ant Libraries. You can see the the list of available Antlibs at |
| the <a href="http://ant.apache.org/antlibs/proper.html" target="_top">Ant Libraries</a> page. |
| </p> |
| |
| <p>You can also find tasks and types provided by third-party projects at the |
| <a href="http://ant.apache.org/external.html" target="_top">External Tools and Tasks</a> page. |
| </p> |
| |
| <p> |
| IDEs have different ways of adding external JAR files and third-party tasks |
| to Ant. Usually it is done by some configuration dialog. Sometimes JAR files |
| added to a project are automatically added to ant's classpath. |
| </p> |
| |
| <h3><a name="classpath">The <code>CLASSPATH</code> environment variable</a></h3> |
| <p> |
| |
| The <code>CLASSPATH</code> environment variable is a source of many Ant support queries. As |
| the round trip time for diagnosis on the Ant user mailing list can be slow, and |
| because filing bug reports complaining about 'ant.bat' not working will be |
| rejected by the developers as WORKSFORME "this is a configuration problem, not a |
| bug", you can save yourself a lot of time and frustration by following some |
| simple steps. |
| |
| </p> |
| <ol> |
| |
| <li>Do not ever set <code>CLASSPATH</code>. Ant does not need it, it only causes confusion |
| and breaks things. |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| <li>If you ignore the previous rule, do not ever, ever, put quotes in the |
| <code>CLASSPATH</code>, even if there is a space in a directory. This will break Ant, and it |
| is not needed. </li> |
| |
| <li>If you ignore the first rule, do not ever, ever, have a trailing backslash |
| in a <code>CLASSPATH</code>, as it breaks Ant's ability to quote the string. Again, this is |
| not needed for the correct operation of the <code>CLASSPATH</code> environment variable, even |
| if a DOS directory is to be added to the path. </li> |
| |
| <li>You can stop Ant using the <code>CLASSPATH</code> environment variable by setting the |
| <code>-noclasspath</code> option on the command line. This is an easy way |
| to test for classpath-related problems.</li> |
| |
| </ol> |
| |
| <p> |
| |
| The usual symptom of <code>CLASSPATH</code> problems is that ant will not run with some error |
| about not being able to find <code>org.apache.tools.ant.launch.Launcher</code>, or, if you have got the |
| quotes/backslashes wrong, some very weird Java startup error. To see if this is |
| the case, run <code>ant -noclasspath</code> or unset the <code>CLASSPATH</code> environment |
| variable. |
| |
| </p> |
| |
| <p> |
| You can also make your Ant script reject this environment |
| variable just by placing the following at the top of the script (or in an init target): |
| </p> |
| <pre> |
| <property environment="env."/> |
| <property name="env.CLASSPATH" value=""/> |
| <fail message="Unset $CLASSPATH / %CLASSPATH% before running Ant!"> |
| <condition> |
| <not> |
| <equals arg1="${env.CLASSPATH}" arg2=""/> |
| </not> |
| </condition> |
| </fail> |
| </pre> |
| |
| <h3><a name="proxy">Proxy Configuration</a></h3> |
| |
| <p> Many Ant built-in and third-party tasks use network connections to retrieve |
| files from HTTP servers. If you are behind a firewall with a proxy server, then |
| Ant needs to be configured with the proxy. Here are the different ways to do |
| this. </p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li><b>With Java1.5 or above</b><br> |
| |
| <p> |
| When you run Ant on Java1.5 or above, you could try to use the automatic proxy setup |
| mechanism with <code>-autoproxy</code>. |
| </p> |
| |
| </li> |
| |
| <li><b>With explicit JVM properties.</b><br> |
| <p> |
| These are documented in <a |
| href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/net/properties.html" target="_top">Java's Networking Properties</a>, |
| and control the proxy behaviour of the entire JVM. To set them in Ant, declare |
| them in the <code>ANT_OPTS</code> environment variable. This is the best option |
| for a non-mobile system. For a laptop, you have to change these settings as you |
| roam. To set ANT_OPTS: |
| </p> |
| <blockquote> |
| <p> |
| For csh/tcsh: |
| </p> |
| <pre> |
| setenv ANT_OPTS "-Dhttp.proxyHost=proxy -Dhttp.proxyPort=8080" |
| </pre> |
| <p> |
| For bash: |
| </p> |
| <pre> |
| export ANT_OPTS="-Dhttp.proxyHost=proxy -Dhttp.proxyPort=8080" |
| </pre> |
| <p> |
| For Windows, set the environment variable in the appropriate dialog box |
| and open a new console. or, by hand |
| </p> |
| <pre> |
| set ANT_OPTS = -Dhttp.proxyHost=proxy -Dhttp.proxyPort=8080 |
| </pre> |
| </p> |
| </blockquote> |
| </li> |
| |
| <li><b>In the build file itself</b><br> |
| |
| <p> |
| If you are writing a build file that is always to be used behind the firewall, |
| the <setproxy> task lets you configure the proxy (which it does by setting |
| the JVM properties). If you do this, we strongly recommend using ant properties |
| to define the proxy host, port, etc, so that individuals can override the |
| defaults.</li> |
| </p> |
| |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p> The Ant team acknowledges that this is unsatisfactory. Until the JVM |
| automatic proxy setup works properly everywhere, explicit JVM options via |
| ANT_ARGS are probably the best solution. Setting properties on Ant's |
| command line do not work, because those are <i>Ant properties</i> being set, not |
| JVM options. This means the following does not set up the command line: |
| |
| </p> |
| |
| <pre>ant -Dhttp.proxyHost=proxy -Dhttp.proxyPort=81</pre> |
| |
| <p> All it does is set up two Ant properties.</p> |
| |
| <p>One other troublespot with |
| proxies is with authenticating proxies. Ant cannot go beyond what the JVM does |
| here, and as it is very hard to remotely diagnose, test and fix proxy-related |
| problems, users who work behind a secure proxy will have to spend much time |
| configuring the JVM properties until they are happy. </p> |
| |
| |
| <h3><a name="windows">Windows and OS/2</a></h3> |
| <p>Assume Ant is installed in <code>c:\ant\</code>. The following sets up the |
| environment:</p> |
| <pre>set ANT_HOME=c:\ant |
| set JAVA_HOME=c:\jdk1.7.0_51 |
| set PATH=%PATH%;%ANT_HOME%\bin</pre> |
| |
| <h3><a name="bash">Linux/Unix (bash)</a></h3> |
| <p>Assume Ant is installed in <code>/usr/local/ant</code>. The following sets up |
| the environment:</p> |
| <pre>export ANT_HOME=/usr/local/ant |
| export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0_51 |
| export PATH=${PATH}:${ANT_HOME}/bin</pre> |
| |
| <h3><a name="tcshcsh">Linux/Unix (csh)</a></h3> |
| <pre>setenv ANT_HOME /usr/local/ant |
| setenv JAVA_HOME /usr/local/jdk/jdk1.7.0_51 |
| set path=( $path $ANT_HOME/bin )</pre> |
| |
| <p> |
| Having a symbolic link set up to point to the JVM/JDK version makes updates more seamless. </p> |
| <a name="jpackage"></a> |
| <h3>RPM version from jpackage.org</h3> |
| <p> |
| The <a href="http://www.jpackage.org" target="_top">JPackage project</a> distributes an RPM version of Ant. |
| With this version, it is not necessary to set <code> JAVA_HOME </code>or |
| <code> ANT_HOME </code>environment variables and the RPM installer will correctly |
| place the Ant executable on your path. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| <b>NOTE:</b> <em>Since Ant 1.7.0</em>, if the <code>ANT_HOME</code> |
| environment variable is set, the jpackage distribution will be |
| ignored. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| Optional jars for the JPackage version are handled in two ways. The easiest, and |
| best way is to get these external libraries from JPackage if JPackage has them |
| available. (Note: for each such library, you will have to get both the external |
| package itself (e.g. <code>oro-2.0.8-2jpp.noarch.rpm</code>) and the small library that links |
| ant and the external package (e.g. <code>ant-apache-oro-1.6.2-3jpp.noarch.rpm</code>). |
| </p><p> |
| However, JPackage does not package proprietary software, and since some of the |
| optional packages depend on proprietary jars, they must be handled as follows. |
| This may violate the spirit of JPackage, but it is necessary if you need these proprietary packages. |
| For example, suppose you want to install support for netrexx, which jpackage does not |
| support: |
| <ol> |
| <li>Decide where you want to deploy the extra jars. One option is in <code>$ANT_HOME/lib</code>, |
| which, for JPackage is usually <code>/usr/share/ant/lib</code>. Another, less messy option |
| is to create an <code>.ant/lib</code> subdirectory of your home directory and place your |
| non-jpackage ant jars there, thereby avoiding mixing jpackage |
| libraries with non-jpackage stuff in the same folder. |
| More information on where Ant finds its libraries is available |
| <a href="http://ant.apache.org/manual/running.html#libs">here</a></li> |
| <li>Download a non-jpackage binary distribution from the regular |
| <a href="http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi" target="_top">Apache Ant site</a></li> |
| <li>Unzip or untar the distribution into a temporary directory</li> |
| <li>Copy the linking jar, in this case <code>ant-jai.jar</code>, into the library directory you |
| chose in step 1 above.</li> |
| <li>Copy the proprietary jar itself into the same directory.</li> |
| </ol> |
| Finally, if for some reason you are running on a system with both the JPackage and Apache versions of Ant |
| available, if you should want to run the Apache version (which will have to be specified with an absolute file name, |
| not found on the path), you should use Ant's <code>--noconfig</code> command-line switch to avoid JPackage's classpath mechanism. |
| |
| |
| <h3><a name="advanced">Advanced</a></h3> |
| |
| <p>There are lots of variants that can be used to run Ant. What you need is at |
| least the following:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>The classpath for Ant must contain <code>ant.jar</code> and any jars/classes |
| needed for your chosen JAXP-compliant XML parser.</li> |
| <li>When you need JDK functionality |
| (such as for the <a href="Tasks/javac.html">javac</a> task or the |
| <a href="Tasks/rmic.html">rmic</a> task), then <code>tools.jar</code> |
| must be added. The scripts supplied with Ant, |
| in the <code>bin</code> directory, will add |
| the required JDK classes automatically, if the <code>JAVA_HOME</code> |
| environment variable is set.</li> |
| |
| <li>When you are executing platform-specific applications, such as the |
| <a href="Tasks/exec.html">exec</a> task or the |
| <a href="Tasks/cvs.html">cvs</a> task, the property <code>ant.home</code> |
| must be set to the directory containing where you installed Ant. Again |
| this is set by the Ant scripts to the value of the ANT_HOME environment |
| variable.</li> |
| </ul> |
| The supplied ant shell scripts all support an <tt>ANT_OPTS</tt> |
| environment variable which can be used to supply extra options |
| to ant. Some of the scripts also read in an extra script stored |
| in the users home directory, which can be used to set such options. Look |
| at the source for your platform's invocation script for details. |
| |
| <hr> |
| <h2><a name="buildingant">Building Ant</a></h2> |
| <p>To build Ant from source, you can either install the Ant source distribution |
| or clone the ant repository from git. See <a href="#sourceEdition">Source Edition</a> for details.</p> |
| <p>Once you have installed the source, change into the installation |
| directory.</p> |
| |
| <p>Set the <code>JAVA_HOME</code> environment variable |
| to the directory where the JDK is installed. |
| See <a href="#installing">Installing Ant</a> |
| for examples on how to do this for your operating system. </p> |
| |
| <p><b>Note</b>: The bootstrap process of Ant requires a greedy |
| compiler like OpenJDK or Oracle's javac. It does not work with gcj or |
| kjc.</p> |
| |
| <p>Make sure you have downloaded any auxiliary jars required to |
| build tasks you are interested in. These should be |
| added to the <code>lib/optional</code> |
| directory of the source tree. |
| See <a href="#librarydependencies">Library Dependencies</a> |
| for a list of JAR requirements for various features. |
| Note that this will make the auxiliary JAR |
| available for the building of Ant only. For running Ant you will |
| still need to |
| make the JARs available as described under |
| <a href="#installing">Installing Ant</a>.</p> |
| |
| <p>You can also get most of the auxiliary jar files (ie. the jar files |
| that various optional Ant tasks depend on) by running Ant on the |
| <code>fetch.xml</code> build file. See <a href="#optionalTasks">Optional |
| Tasks</a> for instructions on how to do this. |
| </p> |
| |
| <p>As of version 1.7.0 Ant has a hard dependency on JUnit. The <code>fetch.xml</code> build |
| script will download JUnit automatically, but if you don't use this you must |
| install it manually into <code>lib/optional</code> (download it from |
| <a href="http://junit.org/" target="_top">JUnit.org</a>) if you are |
| using a source distribution of Ant.</p> |
| |
| <p>Your are now ready to build Ant:</p> |
| <blockquote> |
| <p><code>build -Ddist.dir=<<i>directory_to_contain_Ant_distribution</i>> dist</code> (<i>Windows</i>)</p> |
| <p><code>sh build.sh -Ddist.dir=<<i>directory_to_contain_Ant_distribution</i>> dist</code> (<i>Unix</i>)</p> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| <p>This will create a binary distribution of Ant in the directory you specified.</p> |
| |
| <p>The above action does the following:</p> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li>If necessary it will bootstrap the Ant code. Bootstrapping involves the manual |
| compilation of enough Ant code to be able to run Ant. The bootstrapped Ant is |
| used for the remainder of the build steps. </li> |
| |
| <li>Invokes the bootstrapped Ant with the parameters passed to the build script. In |
| this case, these parameters define an Ant property value and specify the "dist" target |
| in Ant's own <code>build.xml</code> file.</li> |
| |
| <li>Create the ant.jar and ant-launcher.jar JAR files</li> |
| |
| <li>Create optional JARs for which the build had the relevant libraries. If |
| a particular library is missing from ANT_HOME/lib/optional, then the matching |
| ant- JAR file will not be created. For example, ant-junit.jar is only built |
| if there is a junit.jar in the optional directory.</li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p>On most occasions you will not need to explicitly bootstrap Ant since the build |
| scripts do that for you. If however, the build file you are using makes use of features |
| not yet compiled into the bootstrapped Ant, you will need to manually bootstrap. |
| Run <code>bootstrap.bat</code> (Windows) or <code>bootstrap.sh</code> (UNIX) |
| to build a new bootstrap version of Ant.</p> |
| |
| If you wish to install the build into the current <code>ANT_HOME</code> |
| directory, you can use: |
| <blockquote> |
| <p><code>build install</code> (<i>Windows</i>)</p> |
| <p><code>sh build.sh install</code> (<i>Unix</i>)</p> |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| You can avoid the lengthy Javadoc step, if desired, with: |
| <blockquote> |
| <p><code>build install-lite</code> (<i>Windows</i>)</p> |
| <p><code>sh build.sh install-lite</code> (<i>Unix</i>)</p> |
| </blockquote> |
| This will only install the <code>bin</code> and <code>lib</code> directories. |
| <p>Both the <code>install</code> and |
| <code>install-lite</code> targets will overwrite |
| the current Ant version in <code>ANT_HOME</code>.</p> |
| |
| <p>Ant's build script will try to set executable flags for its shell |
| scripts on Unix-like systems. There are various reasons why the |
| chmod-task might fail (like when you are running the build script as |
| a different user than the one who installed Ant initially). In this |
| case you can set the Ant property <code>chmod.fail</code> to false |
| when starting the build like in |
| <blockquote> |
| <p><code>sh build.sh install -Dchmod.fail=false</code></p> |
| </blockquote> |
| and any error to change permission will not result in a build failure.</p> |
| |
| <hr> |
| <h2><a name="librarydependencies">Library Dependencies</a></h2> |
| <p>The following libraries are needed in Ant's classpath |
| if you are using the |
| indicated feature. Note that only one of the regexp libraries is |
| needed for use with the mappers |
| (and Java includes a regexp implementation which |
| Ant will find automatically). |
| You will also need to install the particular |
| Ant optional jar containing the task definitions to make these |
| tasks available. Please refer to the <a href="#optionalTasks"> |
| Installing Ant / Optional Tasks</a> section above.</p> |
| |
| <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> |
| <tr> |
| <td><b>Jar Name</b></td> |
| <td><b>Needed For</b></td> |
| <td><b>Available At</b></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>jakarta-regexp-1.3.jar</td> |
| <td>regexp type with mappers (if you do not wish to use java.util.regex)</td> |
| <td><a href="http://attic.apache.org/projects/jakarta-regexp.html" target="_top">http://attic.apache.org/projects/jakarta-regexp.html</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>jakarta-oro-2.0.8.jar</td> |
| <td>regexp type with mappers (if you do not wish to use java.util.regex)<br> |
| To use the FTP task, |
| you need jakarta-oro 2.0.8 or later, and <a href="#commons-net">commons-net</a></td> |
| <td><a href="http://attic.apache.org/projects/jakarta-oro.html" target="_top">http://attic.apache.org/projects/jakarta-oro.html</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>junit.jar</td> |
| <td><code><junit></code> task. May be in classpath passed to task rather than Ant's classpath.</td> |
| <td><a href="http://www.junit.org/" target="_top">http://www.junit.org/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>xalan.jar</td> |
| <td>junitreport task</td> |
| <td><a href="http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j/" target="_top">http://xml.apache.org/xalan-j/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>antlr.jar</td> |
| <td>antlr task</td> |
| <td><a href="http://www.antlr.org/" target="_top">http://www.antlr.org/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>bsf.jar</td> |
| <td>script task |
| <p> |
| <strong>Note</strong>: Ant 1.6 and later require Apache BSF, not |
| the IBM version. I.e. you need BSF 2.3.0-rc1 or later. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| <strong>Note</strong>: BSF 2.4.0 is needed to use a post 1.5R3 version |
| of rhino's javascript. |
| </p> |
| <p> |
| <strong>Note</strong>: BSF 2.4.0 uses jakarta-commons-logging |
| so it needs the commons-logging.jar. |
| </p> |
| </td> |
| <td><a href="http://jakarta.apache.org/bsf/" target="_top">http://jakarta.apache.org/bsf/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>Groovy jars</td> |
| <td>Groovy with script and scriptdef tasks<br> |
| You need to get the groovy jar and two asm jars from a groovy |
| installation. The jars are groovy-[version].jar, asm-[version].jar and |
| asm-util-[version].jar and antlr-[version].jar. |
| As of groovy version 1.0-JSR-06, the jars are |
| groovy-1.0-JSR-06.jar, antlr-2.7.5.jar, asm-2.2.jar and asm-util-2.2.jar. |
| Alternatively one may use the embedded groovy jar file. |
| This is located in the embedded directory of the groovy distribution. |
| This bundles all the needed jar files into one jar file. |
| It is called groovy-all-[version].jar. |
| </td> |
| <td> |
| <a href="http://groovy.codehaus.org/" target="_top">http://groovy.codehaus.org/</a> |
| <br> |
| The asm jars are also available from the creators of asm - |
| <a href="http://asm.objectweb.org/" target="_top">http://asm.objectweb.org/</a> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>netrexx.jar</td> |
| <td>netrexx task, Rexx with the script task</td> |
| <td><a href="http://www.ibm.com/software/awdtools/netrexx/download.html" target="_top"> |
| http://www.ibm.com/software/awdtools/netrexx/download.html</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>js.jar</td> |
| <td>Javascript with script task<br> |
| If you use Apache BSF 2.3.0-rc1, you must use rhino 1.5R3 (later |
| versions of BSF (e.g. version 2.4.0) work with 1.5R4 and higher).</td> |
| <td><a href="http://www.mozilla.org/rhino/" target="_top">http://www.mozilla.org/rhino/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>jython.jar</td> |
| <td>Python with script task<br> |
| Warning : jython.jar also contains classes from jakarta-oro. |
| Remove these classes if you are also using jakarta-oro.</td> |
| <td><a href="http://jython.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">http://jython.sourceforge.net/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>jpython.jar</td> |
| <td>Python with script task <b>deprecated, jython is the preferred engine</b></td> |
| <td><a href="http://www.jpython.org/" target="_top">http://www.jpython.org/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>jacl.jar and tcljava.jar</td> |
| <td>TCL with script task</td> |
| <td><a href="http://www.scriptics.com/software/java/" target="_top">http://www.scriptics.com/software/java/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>BeanShell JAR(s)</td> |
| <td>BeanShell with script task. |
| <br> |
| <strong>Note</strong>: Ant requires BeanShell version 1.3 or |
| later</td> |
| <td><a href="http://www.beanshell.org/" target="_top">http://www.beanshell.org/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>jruby.jar</td> |
| <td>Ruby with script task</td> |
| <td><a href="http://jruby.org/" target="_top">http://jruby.org/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>judo.jar</td> |
| <td>Judoscript with script task</td> |
| <td><a href="http://www.judoscript.org/" target="_top">http://www.judoscript.org/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>commons-logging.jar</td> |
| <td>CommonsLoggingListener</td> |
| <td><a href="http://commons.apache.org/logging/" |
| target="_top">http://commons.apache.org/logging/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>log4j.jar</td> |
| <td>Log4jListener</td> |
| <td><a href="http://logging.apache.org/log4j/" |
| target="_top">http://logging.apache.org/log4j/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td><a name="commons-net">commons-net.jar</a></td> |
| <td>ftp, rexec and telnet tasks<br> |
| jakarta-oro 2.0.8 or later is required together with commons-net 1.4.0.<br> |
| For all users, a minimum version of commons-net of 1.4.0 is recommended. Earlier |
| versions did not support the full range of configuration options, and 1.4.0 is needed |
| to compile Ant. |
| </td> |
| <td><a href="http://commons.apache.org/net/" |
| target="_top">http://commons.apache.org/net/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>bcel.jar</td> |
| <td>classfileset data type, |
| JavaClassHelper used by the ClassConstants filter reader and |
| optionally used by ejbjar for dependency determination |
| </td> |
| <td><a href="http://commons.apache.org/bcel/" target="_top">http://commons.apache.org/bcel/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>mail.jar</td> |
| <td>Mail task with Mime encoding, and the MimeMail task</td> |
| <td><a href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/index-138643.html" |
| target="_top">http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/index-138643.html</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>activation.jar</td> |
| <td>Mail task with Mime encoding, and the MimeMail task</td> |
| <td><a href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/jaf-135115.html" |
| target="_top">http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/jaf-135115.html</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>jdepend.jar</td> |
| <td>jdepend task</td> |
| <td><a href="http://www.clarkware.com/software/JDepend.html" |
| target="_top">http://www.clarkware.com/software/JDepend.html</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>resolver.jar <b>1.1beta or later</b></td> |
| <td>xmlcatalog datatype <em>only if support for external catalog files is desired</em></td> |
| <td><a href="http://xml.apache.org/commons/" |
| target="_top">http://xml.apache.org/commons/</a>.</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>jsch.jar <b>0.1.50 or later</b></td> |
| <td>sshexec and scp tasks</td> |
| <td><a href="http://www.jcraft.com/jsch/index.html" |
| target="_top">http://www.jcraft.com/jsch/index.html</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td>JAI - Java Advanced Imaging</td> |
| <td>image task</td> |
| <td><a href="https://jai.dev.java.net/" |
| target="_top">https://jai.dev.java.net/</a></td> |
| </tr> |
| </table> |
| <br> |
| <h2><a name="Troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></h2> |
| |
| |
| <h3><a name="diagnostics">Diagnostics</a></h3> |
| |
| <p> Ant has a built in diagnostics feature. If you run <code>ant |
| -diagnostics</code> ant will look at its internal state and print it out. This |
| code will check and print the following things. </p> |
| |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li>Where Ant is running from. Sometimes you can be surprised.</li> |
| |
| <li>The version of ant.jar and of the ant-*.jar containing the optional tasks - |
| and whether they match</li> |
| |
| <li>Which JAR files are in ANT_HOME/lib |
| |
| <li>Which optional tasks are available. If a task is not listed as being |
| available, either it is not present, or libraries that it depends on are |
| absent.</li> |
| |
| |
| <li>XML Parser information</li> |
| |
| <li>JVM system properties |
| </li> |
| |
| <li>The status of the temp directory. If this is not writable, or its clock is |
| horribly wrong (possible if it is on a network drive), a lot of tasks will fail |
| with obscure error messages.</li> |
| |
| <li>The current time zone as Java sees it. If this is not what it should be for |
| your location, then dependency logic may get confused. |
| |
| </ul> |
| |
| <p> |
| Running <code>ant -diagnostics</code> is a good way to check that ant is |
| installed. It is also a first step towards self-diagnosis of any problem. |
| Any configuration problem reported to the user mailing list will probably |
| result ins someone asking you to run the command and show the results, so |
| save time by using it yourself. |
| </p> |
| |
| <p> |
| For under-IDE diagnostics, use the <diagnostics> task to run the same |
| tests as an ant task. This can be added to a diagnostics target in a build |
| file to see what tasks are available under the IDE, what the XML parser and |
| classpath is, etc. |
| </p> |
| |
| <h3><a name="ant-user">user mailing list</a></h3> |
| |
| <p> If you cannot get Ant installed or working, the Ant user mailing list is the |
| best place to start with any problem. Please do your homework first, make sure |
| that it is not a <a href="#classpath"><code>CLASSPATH</code></a> problem, and run a <a |
| href="#diagnostics">diagnostics check</a> to see what Ant thinks of its own |
| state. Why the user list, and not the developer list? |
| Because there are more users than developers, so more people who can help you. </p> |
| |
| <p> |
| |
| Please only file a bug report against Ant for a configuration/startup problem if |
| there really is a fixable bug in Ant related to configuration, such as it not |
| working on a particular platform, with a certain JVM version, etc, or if you are |
| advised to do it by the user mailing list. |
| </p> |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| </body> |
| </html> |