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<blockquote>
<div></div></blockquote>
<div class="section" id="alternative-secrets-backend">
<h1>Alternative secrets backend<a class="headerlink" href="#alternative-secrets-backend" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 1.10.10.</span></p>
</div>
<p>In addition to retrieving connections &amp; variables from environment variables or the metastore database, you can enable
an alternative secrets backend to retrieve Airflow connections or Airflow variables,
such as <a class="reference internal" href="#ssm-parameter-store-secrets"><span class="std std-ref">AWS SSM Parameter Store</span></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="#hashicorp-vault-secrets"><span class="std std-ref">Hashicorp Vault Secrets</span></a> or you can <a class="reference internal" href="#roll-your-own-secrets-backend"><span class="std std-ref">roll your own</span></a>.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>The Airflow UI only shows connections and variables stored in the Metadata DB and not via any other method.
If you use an alternative secrets backend, check inside your backend to view the values of your variables and connections.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="search-path">
<h2>Search path<a class="headerlink" href="#search-path" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>When looking up a connection/variable, by default Airflow will search environment variables first and metastore
database second.</p>
<p>If you enable an alternative secrets backend, it will be searched first, followed by environment variables,
then metastore. This search ordering is not configurable.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="configuration">
<span id="secrets-backend-configuration"></span><h2>Configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#configuration" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[secrets]</span></code> section has the following options:</p>
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">[secrets]</span>
<span class="na">backend</span> <span class="o">=</span>
<span class="na">backend_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend</span></code> to the fully qualified class name of the backend you want to enable.</p>
<p>You can provide <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend_kwargs</span></code> with json and it will be passed as kwargs to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__init__</span></code> method of
your secrets backend.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="local-filesystem-secrets-backend">
<span id="local-filesystem-secrets"></span><h2>Local Filesystem Secrets Backend<a class="headerlink" href="#local-filesystem-secrets-backend" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>This backend is especially useful in the following use cases:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><strong>Development</strong>: It ensures data synchronization between all terminal windows (same as databases),
and at the same time the values are retained after database restart (same as environment variable)</p></li>
<li><p><strong>Kubernetes</strong>: It allows you to store secrets in <a class="reference external" href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/">Kubernetes Secrets</a>
or you can synchronize values using the sidecar container and
<a class="reference external" href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/communicate-containers-same-pod-shared-volume/">a shared volume</a></p></li>
</ul>
<p>To use variable and connection from local file, specify <a class="reference internal" href="../_api/airflow/secrets/local_filesystem/index.html#airflow.secrets.local_filesystem.LocalFilesystemBackend" title="airflow.secrets.local_filesystem.LocalFilesystemBackend"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LocalFilesystemBackend</span></code></a>
as the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[secrets]</span></code> section of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow.cfg</span></code>.</p>
<p>Available parameters to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend_kwargs</span></code>:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">variables_file_path</span></code>: File location with variables data.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connections_file_path</span></code>: File location with connections data.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Here is a sample configuration:</p>
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">[secrets]</span>
<span class="na">backend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">airflow.secrets.local_filesystem.LocalFilesystemBackend</span>
<span class="na">backend_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">{&quot;variables_file_path&quot;: &quot;/files/var.json&quot;, &quot;connections_file_path&quot;: &quot;/files/conn.json&quot;}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Both <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.env</span></code> files are supported. All parameters are optional. If the file path is not passed,
the backend returns an empty collection.</p>
<div class="section" id="storing-and-retrieving-connections">
<h3>Storing and Retrieving Connections<a class="headerlink" href="#storing-and-retrieving-connections" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>If you have set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connections_file_path</span></code> as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/files/my_conn.json</span></code>, then the backend will read the
file <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/files/my_conn.json</span></code> when it looks for connections.</p>
<p>The file can be defined in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">env</span></code> format.</p>
<p>The JSON file must contain an object where the key contains the connection ID and the value contains
the definitions of one or more connections. The connection can be defined as a URI (string) or JSON object.
For a guide about defining a connection as a URI, see:: <a class="reference internal" href="connection/index.html#generating-connection-uri"><span class="std std-ref">Generating a connection URI</span></a>.
For a description of the connection object parameters see <a class="reference internal" href="../_api/airflow/models/connection/index.html#airflow.models.connection.Connection" title="airflow.models.connection.Connection"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Connection</span></code></a>.
The following is a sample JSON file.</p>
<div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nt">&quot;CONN_A&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;mysq://host_a&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nt">&quot;CONN_B&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span>
<span class="s2">&quot;mysq://host_a&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="s2">&quot;mysq://host_a&quot;</span>
<span class="p">],</span>
<span class="nt">&quot;CONN_C&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nt">&quot;conn_type&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;scheme&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nt">&quot;host&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;host&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nt">&quot;schema&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;lschema&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nt">&quot;login&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;Login&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nt">&quot;password&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;None&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nt">&quot;port&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;1234&quot;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can also define connections using a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.env</span></code> file. Then the key is the connection ID, and
the value should describe the connection using the URI. If the connection ID is repeated, all values will
be returned. The following is a sample file.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>mysql_conn_id=mysql://log:password@13.1.21.1:3306/mysqldbrd
google_custom_key=google-cloud-platform://?extra__google_cloud_platform__key_path=%2Fkeys%2Fkey.json
</pre></div>
</div>
</div></blockquote>
</div>
<div class="section" id="storing-and-retrieving-variables">
<h3>Storing and Retrieving Variables<a class="headerlink" href="#storing-and-retrieving-variables" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>If you have set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">variables_file_path</span></code> as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/files/my_var.json</span></code>, then the backend will read the
file <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/files/my_var.json</span></code> when it looks for variables.</p>
<p>The file can be defined in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">JSON</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">env</span></code> format.</p>
<p>The JSON file must contain an object where the key contains the variable key and the value contains
the variable value. The following is a sample JSON file.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><div class="highlight-json notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="nt">&quot;VAR_A&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;some_value&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nt">&quot;var_b&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s2">&quot;differnet_value&quot;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div></blockquote>
<p>You can also define variable using a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.env</span></code> file. Then the key is the variable key, and variable should
describe the variable value. The following is a sample file.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>VAR_A=some_value
var_B=different_value
</pre></div>
</div>
</div></blockquote>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="aws-ssm-parameter-store-secrets-backend">
<span id="ssm-parameter-store-secrets"></span><h2>AWS SSM Parameter Store Secrets Backend<a class="headerlink" href="#aws-ssm-parameter-store-secrets-backend" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>To enable SSM parameter store, specify <a class="reference internal" href="../_api/airflow/contrib/secrets/aws_systems_manager/index.html#airflow.contrib.secrets.aws_systems_manager.SystemsManagerParameterStoreBackend" title="airflow.contrib.secrets.aws_systems_manager.SystemsManagerParameterStoreBackend"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SystemsManagerParameterStoreBackend</span></code></a>
as the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[secrets]</span></code> section of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow.cfg</span></code>.</p>
<p>Here is a sample configuration:</p>
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">[secrets]</span>
<span class="na">backend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">airflow.contrib.secrets.aws_systems_manager.SystemsManagerParameterStoreBackend</span>
<span class="na">backend_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">{&quot;connections_prefix&quot;: &quot;/airflow/connections&quot;, &quot;variables_prefix&quot;: &quot;/airflow/variables&quot;, &quot;profile_name&quot;: &quot;default&quot;}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id1">
<h3>Storing and Retrieving Connections<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>If you have set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connections_prefix</span></code> as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/airflow/connections</span></code>, then for a connection id of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">smtp_default</span></code>,
you would want to store your connection at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/airflow/connections/smtp_default</span></code>.</p>
<p>Optionally you can supply a profile name to reference aws profile, e.g. defined in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.aws/config</span></code>.</p>
<p>The value of the SSM parameter must be the <a class="reference internal" href="connection/index.html#generating-connection-uri"><span class="std std-ref">connection URI representation</span></a>
of the connection object.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id2">
<h3>Storing and Retrieving Variables<a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>If you have set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">variables_prefix</span></code> as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/airflow/variables</span></code>, then for an Variable key of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hello</span></code>,
you would want to store your Variable at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/airflow/variables/hello</span></code>.</p>
<p>Optionally you can supply a profile name to reference aws profile, e.g. defined in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.aws/config</span></code>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="aws-secrets-manager-backend">
<h2>AWS Secrets Manager Backend<a class="headerlink" href="#aws-secrets-manager-backend" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>To enable Secrets Manager, specify <a class="reference internal" href="../_api/airflow/contrib/secrets/aws_secrets_manager/index.html#airflow.contrib.secrets.aws_secrets_manager.SecretsManagerBackend" title="airflow.contrib.secrets.aws_secrets_manager.SecretsManagerBackend"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SecretsManagerBackend</span></code></a>
as the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[secrets]</span></code> section of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow.cfg</span></code>.</p>
<p>Here is a sample configuration:</p>
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">[secrets]</span>
<span class="na">backend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">airflow.contrib.secrets.aws_secrets_manager.SecretsManagerBackend</span>
<span class="na">backend_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">{&quot;connections_prefix&quot;: &quot;airflow/connections&quot;, &quot;variables_prefix&quot;: &quot;airflow/variables&quot;, &quot;profile_name&quot;: &quot;default&quot;}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>To authenticate you can either supply a profile name to reference aws profile, e.g. defined in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.aws/config</span></code> or set
environment variables like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY</span></code>.</p>
<div class="section" id="id3">
<h3>Storing and Retrieving Connections<a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>If you have set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connections_prefix</span></code> as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow/connections</span></code>, then for a connection id of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">smtp_default</span></code>,
you would want to store your connection at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow/connections/smtp_default</span></code>.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>aws secretsmanager put-secret-value --secret-id airflow/connections/smtp_default --secret-string <span class="s2">&quot;smtps://user:host@relay.example.com:465&quot;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Verify that you can get the secret:</p>
<div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">❯ aws secretsmanager get-secret-value --secret-id airflow/connections/smtp_default</span>
<span class="go">{</span>
<span class="go"> &quot;ARN&quot;: &quot;arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-2:314524341751:secret:airflow/connections/smtp_default-7meuul&quot;,</span>
<span class="go"> &quot;Name&quot;: &quot;airflow/connections/smtp_default&quot;,</span>
<span class="go"> &quot;VersionId&quot;: &quot;34f90eff-ea21-455a-9c8f-5ee74b21be672&quot;,</span>
<span class="go"> &quot;SecretString&quot;: &quot;smtps://user:host@relay.example.com:465&quot;,</span>
<span class="go"> &quot;VersionStages&quot;: [</span>
<span class="go"> &quot;AWSCURRENT&quot;</span>
<span class="go"> ],</span>
<span class="go"> &quot;CreatedDate&quot;: &quot;2020-04-08T02:10:35.132000+01:00&quot;</span>
<span class="go">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The value of the secret must be the <a class="reference internal" href="connection/index.html#generating-connection-uri"><span class="std std-ref">connection URI representation</span></a>
of the connection object.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id4">
<h3>Storing and Retrieving Variables<a class="headerlink" href="#id4" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>If you have set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">variables_prefix</span></code> as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow/variables</span></code>, then for an Variable key of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hello</span></code>,
you would want to store your Variable at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow/variables/hello</span></code>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="hashicorp-vault-secrets-backend">
<span id="hashicorp-vault-secrets"></span><h2>Hashicorp Vault Secrets Backend<a class="headerlink" href="#hashicorp-vault-secrets-backend" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>To enable Hashicorp vault to retrieve Airflow connection/variable, specify <a class="reference internal" href="../_api/airflow/contrib/secrets/hashicorp_vault/index.html#airflow.contrib.secrets.hashicorp_vault.VaultBackend" title="airflow.contrib.secrets.hashicorp_vault.VaultBackend"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VaultBackend</span></code></a>
as the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[secrets]</span></code> section of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow.cfg</span></code>.</p>
<p>Here is a sample configuration:</p>
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">[secrets]</span>
<span class="na">backend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">airflow.contrib.secrets.hashicorp_vault.VaultBackend</span>
<span class="na">backend_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">{&quot;connections_path&quot;: &quot;connections&quot;, &quot;variables_path&quot;: &quot;variables&quot;, &quot;mount_point&quot;: &quot;airflow&quot;, &quot;url&quot;: &quot;http://127.0.0.1:8200&quot;}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The default KV version engine is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">2</span></code>, pass <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">kv_engine_version:</span> <span class="pre">1</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend_kwargs</span></code> if you use
KV Secrets Engine Version <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code>.</p>
<p>You can also set and pass values to Vault client by setting environment variables. All the
environment variables listed at <a class="reference external" href="https://www.vaultproject.io/docs/commands/#environment-variables">https://www.vaultproject.io/docs/commands/#environment-variables</a> are supported.</p>
<p>Hence, if you set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VAULT_ADDR</span></code> environment variable like below, you do not need to pass <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">url</span></code>
key to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend_kwargs</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">VAULT_ADDR</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;http://127.0.0.1:8200&quot;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id5">
<h3>Storing and Retrieving Connections<a class="headerlink" href="#id5" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>If you have set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connections_path</span></code> as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connections</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mount_point</span></code> as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow</span></code>, then for a connection id of
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">smtp_default</span></code>, you would want to store your secret as:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>vault kv put airflow/connections/smtp_default <span class="nv">conn_uri</span><span class="o">=</span>smtps://user:host@relay.example.com:465
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Note that the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Key</span></code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">conn_uri</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Value</span></code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">postgresql://airflow:airflow&#64;host:5432/airflow</span></code> and
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mount_point</span></code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow</span></code>.</p>
<p>You can make a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mount_point</span></code> for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow</span></code> as follows:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>vault secrets <span class="nb">enable</span> -path<span class="o">=</span>airflow -version<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">2</span> kv
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Verify that you can get the secret from <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vault</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">❯ vault kv get airflow/connections/smtp_default</span>
<span class="go">====== Metadata ======</span>
<span class="go">Key Value</span>
<span class="go">--- -----</span>
<span class="go">created_time 2020-03-19T19:17:51.281721Z</span>
<span class="go">deletion_time n/a</span>
<span class="go">destroyed false</span>
<span class="go">version 1</span>
<span class="go">====== Data ======</span>
<span class="go">Key Value</span>
<span class="go">--- -----</span>
<span class="go">conn_uri smtps://user:host@relay.example.com:465</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The value of the Vault key must be the <a class="reference internal" href="connection/index.html#generating-connection-uri"><span class="std std-ref">connection URI representation</span></a>
of the connection object to get connection.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id6">
<h3>Storing and Retrieving Variables<a class="headerlink" href="#id6" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>If you have set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">variables_path</span></code> as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">variables</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mount_point</span></code> as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow</span></code>, then for a variable with
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hello</span></code> as key, you would want to store your secret as:</p>
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>vault kv put airflow/variables/hello <span class="nv">value</span><span class="o">=</span>world
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Verify that you can get the secret from <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vault</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-console notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="go">❯ vault kv get airflow/variables/hello</span>
<span class="go">====== Metadata ======</span>
<span class="go">Key Value</span>
<span class="go">--- -----</span>
<span class="go">created_time 2020-03-28T02:10:54.301784Z</span>
<span class="go">deletion_time n/a</span>
<span class="go">destroyed false</span>
<span class="go">version 1</span>
<span class="go">==== Data ====</span>
<span class="go">Key Value</span>
<span class="go">--- -----</span>
<span class="go">value world</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Note that the secret <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Key</span></code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">value</span></code>, and secret <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Value</span></code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">world</span></code> and
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mount_point</span></code> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow</span></code>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="gcp-secrets-manager-backend">
<span id="secrets-manager-backend"></span><h2>GCP Secrets Manager Backend<a class="headerlink" href="#gcp-secrets-manager-backend" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>To enable GCP Secrets Manager to retrieve connection/variables, specify <a class="reference internal" href="../_api/airflow/contrib/secrets/gcp_secrets_manager/index.html#airflow.contrib.secrets.gcp_secrets_manager.CloudSecretsManagerBackend" title="airflow.contrib.secrets.gcp_secrets_manager.CloudSecretsManagerBackend"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CloudSecretsManagerBackend</span></code></a>
as the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[secrets]</span></code> section of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow.cfg</span></code>.</p>
<p>Available parameters to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend_kwargs</span></code>:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connections_prefix</span></code>: Specifies the prefix of the secret to read to get Connections.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">variables_prefix</span></code>: Specifies the prefix of the secret to read to get Variables.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gcp_key_path</span></code>: Path to GCP Credential JSON file</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gcp_scopes</span></code>: Comma-separated string containing GCP scopes</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sep</span></code>: separator used to concatenate connections_prefix and conn_id. Default: “-“</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Note: The full GCP Secrets Manager secret id should follow the pattern “[a-zA-Z0-9-_]”.</p>
<p>Here is a sample configuration if you want to just retrieve connections:</p>
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">[secrets]</span>
<span class="na">backend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">airflow.contrib.secrets.gcp_secrets_manager.CloudSecretsManagerBackend</span>
<span class="na">backend_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">{&quot;connections_prefix&quot;: &quot;airflow-connections&quot;, &quot;sep&quot;: &quot;-&quot;}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Here is a sample configuration if you want to just retrieve variables:</p>
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">[secrets]</span>
<span class="na">backend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">airflow.contrib.secrets.gcp_secrets_manager.CloudSecretsManagerBackend</span>
<span class="na">backend_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">{&quot;variables_prefix&quot;: &quot;airflow-variables&quot;, &quot;sep&quot;: &quot;-&quot;}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>and if you want to retrieve both Variables and connections use the following sample config:</p>
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">[secrets]</span>
<span class="na">backend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">airflow.contrib.secrets.gcp_secrets_manager.CloudSecretsManagerBackend</span>
<span class="na">backend_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">{&quot;connections_prefix&quot;: &quot;airflow-connections&quot;, &quot;variables_prefix&quot;: &quot;airflow-variables&quot;, &quot;sep&quot;: &quot;-&quot;}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>When <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gcp_key_path</span></code> is not provided, it will use the Application Default Credentials in the current environment. You can set up the credentials with:</p>
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># 1. GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS environment variable</span>
<span class="na">export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">path/to/key-file.json</span>
<span class="c1"># 2. Set with SDK</span>
<span class="na">gcloud auth application-default login</span>
<span class="c1"># If the Cloud SDK has an active project, the project ID is returned. The active project can be set using:</span>
<span class="na">gcloud config set project</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The value of the Secrets Manager secret id must be the <a class="reference internal" href="connection/index.html#generating-connection-uri"><span class="std std-ref">connection URI representation</span></a>
of the connection object.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="azure-key-vault-backend">
<h2>Azure Key Vault Backend<a class="headerlink" href="#azure-key-vault-backend" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>To enable the Azure Key Vault as secrets backend, specify
<a class="reference internal" href="../_api/airflow/contrib/secrets/azure_key_vault/index.html#airflow.contrib.secrets.azure_key_vault.AzureKeyVaultBackend" title="airflow.contrib.secrets.azure_key_vault.AzureKeyVaultBackend"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AzureKeyVaultBackend</span></code></a>
as the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[secrets]</span></code> section of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow.cfg</span></code>.</p>
<p>Here is a sample configuration:</p>
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">[secrets]</span>
<span class="na">backend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">airflow.contrib.secrets.azure_key_vault.AzureKeyVaultBackend</span>
<span class="na">backend_kwargs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">{&quot;connections_prefix&quot;: &quot;airflow-connections&quot;, &quot;variables_prefix&quot;: &quot;airflow-variables&quot;, &quot;vault_url&quot;: &quot;https://example-akv-resource-name.vault.azure.net/&quot;}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>For client authentication, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DefaultAzureCredential</span></code> from the Azure Python SDK is used as credential provider,
which supports service principal, managed identity and user credentials.</p>
<div class="section" id="id7">
<h3>Storing and Retrieving Connections<a class="headerlink" href="#id7" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>If you have set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">connections_prefix</span></code> as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow-connections</span></code>, then for a connection id of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">smtp_default</span></code>,
you would want to store your connection at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow-connections-smtp-default</span></code>.</p>
<p>The value of the secret must be the <a class="reference internal" href="connection/index.html#generating-connection-uri"><span class="std std-ref">connection URI representation</span></a>
of the connection object.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="id8">
<h3>Storing and Retrieving Variables<a class="headerlink" href="#id8" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>If you have set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">variables_prefix</span></code> as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow-variables</span></code>, then for an Variable key of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hello</span></code>,
you would want to store your Variable at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow-variables-hello</span></code>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="roll-your-own-secrets-backend">
<span id="id9"></span><h2>Roll your own secrets backend<a class="headerlink" href="#roll-your-own-secrets-backend" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>A secrets backend is a subclass of <a class="reference internal" href="../_api/airflow/secrets/index.html#airflow.secrets.BaseSecretsBackend" title="airflow.secrets.BaseSecretsBackend"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow.secrets.BaseSecretsBackend</span></code></a> and must implement either
<a class="reference internal" href="../_api/airflow/secrets/index.html#airflow.secrets.BaseSecretsBackend.get_connections" title="airflow.secrets.BaseSecretsBackend.get_connections"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_connections()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="../_api/airflow/secrets/index.html#airflow.secrets.BaseSecretsBackend.get_conn_uri" title="airflow.secrets.BaseSecretsBackend.get_conn_uri"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_conn_uri()</span></code></a>.</p>
<p>After writing your backend class, provide the fully qualified class name in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend</span></code> key in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[secrets]</span></code>
section of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow.cfg</span></code>.</p>
<p>Additional arguments to your SecretsBackend can be configured in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">airflow.cfg</span></code> by supplying a JSON string to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">backend_kwargs</span></code>, which will be passed to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__init__</span></code> of your SecretsBackend.
See <a class="reference internal" href="#secrets-backend-configuration"><span class="std std-ref">Configuration</span></a> for more details, and <a class="reference internal" href="#ssm-parameter-store-secrets"><span class="std std-ref">SSM Parameter Store</span></a> for an example.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
<p>If you are rolling your own secrets backend, you don’t strictly need to use airflow’s URI format. But
doing so makes it easier to switch between environment variables, the metastore, and your secrets backend.</p>
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<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Alternative secrets backend</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#search-path">Search path</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#configuration">Configuration</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#local-filesystem-secrets-backend">Local Filesystem Secrets Backend</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#storing-and-retrieving-connections">Storing and Retrieving Connections</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#storing-and-retrieving-variables">Storing and Retrieving Variables</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#aws-ssm-parameter-store-secrets-backend">AWS SSM Parameter Store Secrets Backend</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id1">Storing and Retrieving Connections</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id2">Storing and Retrieving Variables</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#aws-secrets-manager-backend">AWS Secrets Manager Backend</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id3">Storing and Retrieving Connections</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id4">Storing and Retrieving Variables</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#hashicorp-vault-secrets-backend">Hashicorp Vault Secrets Backend</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id5">Storing and Retrieving Connections</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id6">Storing and Retrieving Variables</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#gcp-secrets-manager-backend">GCP Secrets Manager Backend</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#azure-key-vault-backend">Azure Key Vault Backend</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id7">Storing and Retrieving Connections</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#id8">Storing and Retrieving Variables</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#roll-your-own-secrets-backend">Roll your own secrets backend</a></li>
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