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| <div class="container"> <h1 id="asf-position-regarding-sender-id">ASF Position Regarding Sender ID<a class="headerlink" href="#asf-position-regarding-sender-id" title="Permalink">¶</a></h1> |
| <p>On September 2, 2004, the Apache Software Foundation sent the following |
| open letter to the mailing list of the <a href="http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/marid-charter.html">MARID IETF Working |
| Group</a>.</p> |
| <hr/> |
| <pre> |
| |
| Subject: DEPLOY: Apache projects unable to deploy Sender ID |
| |
| This message summarizes the position of the Apache Software Foundation, |
| the Apache SpamAssassin Project Management Committee, and the Apache JAMES |
| Project Management Committee. |
| |
| The Apache Software Foundation (ASF) delivers enterprise-grade, open |
| source software products that attract large communities of users. The |
| pragmatic Apache License makes it easy for all users, commercial and |
| individual, to deploy Apache products including Apache SpamAssassin (an |
| extensible email filter which is used to identify spam) and Apache JAMES |
| (the Java Apache Mail Enterprise Server). |
| |
| The current Microsoft Royalty-Free Sender ID Patent License Agreement |
| terms are a barrier to any ASF project which wants to implement Sender ID. |
| We believe the current license is generally incompatible with open source, |
| contrary to the practice of open Internet standards, and specifically |
| incompatible with the Apache License 2.0. Therefore, we will not |
| implement or deploy Sender ID under the current license terms. |
| |
| We raised these concerns with the IETF ASRG chairs on March 1st and we had |
| assurances from the ASRG chairs that these matters would be addressed, but |
| they haven't been. We feel that dismissal of unspecified, pending, patent |
| claims recklessly shifts the risk and potential burden onto implementors. |
| |
| We began working with Larry Rosen, general counsel of the Open Source |
| Initiative, on June 9th, to coordinate our efforts to resolve the patent |
| licensing issues. And since July 20th, Larry Rosen has been negotiating |
| with Michele Herman at Microsoft, but most of the major barriers are still |
| present. |
| |
| We are in agreement with Larry's analysis of the incompatibilities of the |
| current license: |
| |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| |
| From: "Lawrence Rosen" <lrosen@rosenlaw.com> |
| Subject: RE: Microsoft's amended Sender ID license |
| Date: Tue, 24 Aug 2004 10:15:12 -0700 |
| |
| The open source development and distribution process works as well as |
| it does because everyone treats open source licenses as |
| sublicenseable, and most of them are expressly so. Open source |
| licenses contemplate that anyone who receives the software under |
| license may himself or herself become a contributor or |
| distributor. Software freedom is inherited by downstream |
| sublicensees. Meanwhile, the Microsoft Sender ID patent license |
| continues the convenient fiction that there are "End Users" (S1.5) who |
| receive limited rights. That is unacceptable in open source licenses. |
| |
| I have explained to Microsoft that their license is expressly |
| incompatible with the warranty of provenance in the Academic Free |
| License and the Open Software License: |
| |
| "Licensor warrants that the copyright in and to the Original Work |
| and the patent rights granted herein by Licensor are owned by the |
| Licensor or are sublicensed to You under the terms of this License |
| with the permission of the contributor(s) of those copyrights and |
| patent rights." (AFL/OSL S7) |
| |
| The "nontransferable, non-sublicenseable" language in their reciprocal |
| patent license (S2.3) also imposes an impossible administrative burden |
| on the open source development community and, in essence, creates |
| additional downstream patent licenses that will be incompatible with |
| the AFL/OSL and similar open source licenses, and with the open source |
| development process. |
| |
| The requirement that Microsoft Sender ID patent licenses be formally |
| executed (e.g., S6.10) is incompatible with the way the open source |
| development and distribution process actually works. Furthermore, the |
| requirement that "If you would like a license from Microsoft (e.g., |
| rebrand, redistribute), you need to contact Microsoft directly" (S2.2) |
| gives Microsoft information about its competitors' plans that it has |
| no reason to know. No open source license -- and *all* of them allow |
| rebranding and redistribution -- can be conditioned on informing |
| Microsoft of anything at all. Other proposed licenses have been |
| rejected by OSI and FSF because they required licensees to notify the |
| licensor of their intentions. |
| |
| The requirement that Microsoft's patent licensing notice be placed "in |
| close proximity to" the license agreement (S4.3) is, as a practical |
| matter, impossible for most open source licenses posted on the OSI or |
| other websites. There is no reason for that requirement other than to |
| burden open source licenses with Microsoft notices. |
| |
| One final point: Open source licenses must be worldwide. The Microsoft |
| license, however, makes licensees subject to U.S. Export |
| Administration Regulations (S6.2). Similar provisions have been |
| rejected by OSI in many other licenses. Instead, Microsoft should |
| simply make licensees responsible to obey the relevant export control |
| laws and leave it at that. We all understand that an open source |
| license doesn't override local laws. |
| |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| |
| We believe there are additional problems with license and the process. |
| Some of these include: |
| |
| * Microsoft has not disclosed information about their pending patents |
| that cover areas of -core and -pra. It is generally accepted that the |
| PRA algorithm is covered, but any patents covering -core could cover |
| far more than PRA. |
| |
| * Where the Sender ID specification includes additional optional |
| features or suggests variations and alternatives to techniques needed |
| to implement the specification (or where such variations or |
| alternatives are obvious to an implementor), no license is granted. |
| Only patents necessary to implement the specification are clearly |
| licensed; |
| |
| * The licenses are said to be "personal" (though a reciprocally granted |
| license is not required to be), which prevent assignment to an |
| acquiring party, so open source projects may not be able to transfer a |
| license to new maintainers or organizations. |
| |
| * The scope of the patent license is limited to compliant |
| implementations. This is incompatible with the broad grant of open |
| source licenses to create any derivative work whatsoever. In |
| addition, as Internet software is often non-compliant for many |
| possible different reasons, this would restrict the use of Sender ID |
| unacceptably. In addition: |
| |
| - Measurement of compliance is a problem. |
| - If compliance is needed to get a license, then it's a problem. If |
| compliance is not needed to get a license, then the clause should |
| just be dropped. |
| - Full compliance might be difficult to achieve for technical or |
| resource reasons. |
| - Obvious extensions (many already under discussion) could be |
| subject to unknown additional patents. |
| - Accepted best practices often exceed or conflict with compliance |
| for Internet standards. |
| |
| * It's conceivable that someone might want (or defensively, need) to |
| enforce a patent related to Sender ID, but not "necessarily infringed" |
| by an implementation of the specification, against Microsoft, but |
| doing so would allow Microsoft to terminate. The agreement is |
| lopsided and will probably give Microsoft a competitive advantage in |
| the Sender ID marketplace that is not warranted given the open |
| standards that form the basis for Sender ID. |
| |
| * We are also concerned by the rush to adopt this standard in spite of |
| technical concerns, lack of experience in the field, and a lack of |
| consensus in the IETF MARID WG. |
| |
| We will not be implementing support for Sender ID until such time as the |
| issues with the license are fixed and acceptable to the Apache James and |
| Apache SpamAssassin Project Management Committees. We believe the first |
| step is fixing Larry Rosen's concerns. As an alternative resolution, we |
| would find it acceptable if the pending patents were granted to a |
| non-profit organization such as ISOC and licensed under sufficiently open |
| terms. |
| |
| Finally, as developers of open source e-mail technologies, we are |
| concerned that no company should be permitted IP rights over core Internet |
| infrastructure. We believe the IETF needs to revamp its IPR policies to |
| ensure that the core Internet infrastructure remain unencumbered. |
| |
| Greg Stein |
| Chairman, Apache Software Foundation |
| |
| Serge Knystautas |
| V.P., Apache JAMES |
| |
| Daniel Quinlan |
| V.P., Apache SpamAssassin |
| |
| </pre> |
| <hr/> |
| <p><em>forthcoming...</em></p> |
| |
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