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class="theme-hope-content" vp-content><h1 id="apache-hive-tsfile" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#apache-hive-tsfile"><span>Apache Hive(TsFile)</span></a></h1><h2 id="_1-什么是-tsfile-的-hive-连接器" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-什么是-tsfile-的-hive-连接器"><span>1. 什么是 TsFile 的 Hive 连接器</span></a></h2><p>TsFile 的 Hive 连接器实现了对 Hive 读取外部 Tsfile 类型的文件格式的支持,<br> 使用户能够通过 Hive 操作 Tsfile。</p><p>有了这个连接器,用户可以</p><ul><li>将单个 Tsfile 文件加载进 Hive,不论文件是存储在本地文件系统或者是 HDFS 中</li><li>将某个特定目录下的所有文件加载进 Hive,不论文件是存储在本地文件系统或者是 HDFS 中</li><li>使用 HQL 查询 tsfile</li><li>到现在为止,写操作在 hive-connector 中还没有被支持。所以,HQL 中的 insert 操作是不被允许的</li></ul><h2 id="_2-系统环境要求" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-系统环境要求"><span>2. 系统环境要求</span></a></h2><table><thead><tr><th>Hadoop Version</th><th>Hive Version</th><th>Java Version</th><th>TsFile</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>2.7.3</code> or <code>3.2.1</code></td><td><code>2.3.6</code> or <code>3.1.2</code></td><td><code>1.8</code></td><td><code>1.0.0+</code></td></tr></tbody></table><h2 id="_3-数据类型对应关系" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-数据类型对应关系"><span>3. 数据类型对应关系</span></a></h2><table><thead><tr><th>TsFile 数据类型</th><th>Hive 数据类型</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>BOOLEAN</td><td>Boolean</td></tr><tr><td>INT32</td><td>INT</td></tr><tr><td>INT64</td><td>BIGINT</td></tr><tr><td>FLOAT</td><td>Float</td></tr><tr><td>DOUBLE</td><td>Double</td></tr><tr><td>TEXT</td><td>STRING</td></tr></tbody></table><h2 id="_4-为-hive-添加依赖-jar-包" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-为-hive-添加依赖-jar-包"><span>4. 为 Hive 添加依赖 jar 包</span></a></h2><p>为了在 Hive 中使用 Tsfile 的 hive 连接器,我们需要把 hive 连接器的 jar 导入进 hive。</p><p>从 <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb-extra%E4%B8%8B%E8%BD%BD%E5%AE%8C" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/apache/iotdb-extra下载完</a> iotdb-extra 后,你可以使用 <code>mvn clean package -pl connectors/hive-connector -am -DskipTests -P get-jar-with-dependencies</code> 命令得到一个 <code>hive-connector-X.X.X-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar</code>。</p><p>然后在 hive 的命令行中,使用<code>add jar XXX</code>命令添加依赖。例如:</p><div class="language-shell line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="shell" data-title="shell" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="color:#61AFEF;">hive</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">> </span><span style="color:#98C379;">add</span><span style="color:#98C379;"> jar</span><span style="color:#98C379;"> /Users/hive/iotdb-extra/connectors/hive-connector/target/hive-connector-1.0.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">;</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#61AFEF;">Added</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> [/Users/hive/iotdb-extra/connectors/hive-connector/target/hive-connector-1.0.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar] to class path</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#61AFEF;">Added</span><span style="color:#98C379;"> resources:</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> [/Users/hive/iotdb-extra/connectors/hive-connector/target/hive-connector-1.0.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar]</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="_5-创建-tsfile-backed-的-hive-表" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_5-创建-tsfile-backed-的-hive-表"><span>5. 创建 Tsfile-backed 的 Hive 表</span></a></h2><p>为了创建一个 Tsfile-backed 的表,需要将<code>serde</code>指定为<code>org.apache.iotdb.hive.TsFileSerDe</code>,<br> 将<code>inputformat</code>指定为<code>org.apache.iotdb.hive.TSFHiveInputFormat</code>,<br> 将<code>outputformat</code>指定为<code>org.apache.iotdb.hive.TSFHiveOutputFormat</code>。</p><p>同时要提供一个只包含两个字段的 Schema,这两个字段分别是<code>time_stamp</code>和<code>sensor_id</code>。<br><code>time_stamp</code>代表的是时间序列的时间值,<code>sensor_id</code>是你想要从 tsfile 文件中提取出来分析的传感器名称,比如说<code>sensor_1</code>。<br> 表的名字可以是 hive 所支持的任何表名。</p><p>需要提供一个路径供 hive-connector 从其中拉取最新的数据。</p><p>这个路径必须是一个指定的文件夹,这个文件夹可以在你的本地文件系统上,也可以在 HDFS 上,如果你启动了 Hadoop 的话。<br> 如果是本地文件系统,要以这样的形式<code>file:///data/data/sequence/root.baic2.WWS.leftfrontdoor/</code></p><p>最后需要在<code>TBLPROPERTIES</code>里指明<code>device_id</code></p><p>例如:</p><div class="language- line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="" data-title="" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span>CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS only_sensor_1(</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span> time_stamp TIMESTAMP,</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span> sensor_1 BIGINT)</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>ROW FORMAT SERDE 'org.apache.iotdb.hive.TsFileSerDe'</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>STORED AS</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span> INPUTFORMAT 'org.apache.iotdb.hive.TSFHiveInputFormat'</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span> OUTPUTFORMAT 'org.apache.iotdb.hive.TSFHiveOutputFormat'</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>LOCATION '/data/data/sequence/root.baic2.WWS.leftfrontdoor/'</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>TBLPROPERTIES ('device_id'='root.baic2.WWS.leftfrontdoor.plc1');</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>在这个例子里,我们从<code>/data/data/sequence/root.baic2.WWS.leftfrontdoor/</code>中拉取<code>root.baic2.WWS.leftfrontdoor.plc1.sensor_1</code>的数据。<br> 这个表可能产生如下描述:</p><div class="language- line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="" data-title="" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span>hive> describe only_sensor_1;</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>OK</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>time_stamp timestamp from deserializer</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>sensor_1 bigint from deserializer</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>Time taken: 0.053 seconds, Fetched: 2 row(s)</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>到目前为止,Tsfile-backed 的表已经可以像 hive 中其他表一样被操作了。</p><h2 id="_6-从-tsfile-backed-的-hive-表中查询" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_6-从-tsfile-backed-的-hive-表中查询"><span>6. 从 Tsfile-backed 的 Hive 表中查询</span></a></h2><p>在做任何查询之前,我们需要通过如下命令,在 hive 中设置<code>hive.input.format</code>:</p><div class="language- line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="" data-title="" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span>hive> set hive.input.format=org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveInputFormat;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>现在,我们已经在 hive 中有了一个名为<code>only_sensor_1</code>的外部表。<br> 我们可以使用 HQL 做任何查询来分析其中的数据。</p><p>例如:</p><h3 id="_6-1-选择查询语句示例" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_6-1-选择查询语句示例"><span>6.1 选择查询语句示例</span></a></h3><div class="language- line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="" data-title="" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span>hive> select * from only_sensor_1 limit 10;</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>OK</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>1 1000000</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>2 1000001</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>3 1000002</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>4 1000003</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>5 1000004</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>6 1000005</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>7 1000006</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>8 1000007</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>9 1000008</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>10 1000009</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>Time taken: 1.464 seconds, Fetched: 10 row(s)</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="_6-2-聚合查询语句示例" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_6-2-聚合查询语句示例"><span>6.2 聚合查询语句示例</span></a></h3><div class="language- line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="" data-title="" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span>hive> select count(*) from only_sensor_1;</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>WARNING: Hive-on-MR is deprecated in Hive 2 and may not be available in the future versions. Consider using a different execution engine (i.e. spark, tez) or using Hive 1.X releases.</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>Query ID = jackietien_20191016202416_d1e3e233-d367-4453-b39a-2aac9327a3b6</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>Total jobs = 1</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>Launching Job 1 out of 1</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>Number of reduce tasks determined at compile time: 1</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>In order to change the average load for a reducer (in bytes):</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span> set hive.exec.reducers.bytes.per.reducer=<number></span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>In order to limit the maximum number of reducers:</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span> set hive.exec.reducers.max=<number></span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>In order to set a constant number of reducers:</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span> set mapreduce.job.reduces=<number></span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>Job running in-process (local Hadoop)</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>2019-10-16 20:24:18,305 Stage-1 map = 0%, reduce = 0%</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>2019-10-16 20:24:27,443 Stage-1 map = 100%, reduce = 100%</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>Ended Job = job_local867757288_0002</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>MapReduce Jobs Launched:</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>Stage-Stage-1: HDFS Read: 0 HDFS Write: 0 SUCCESS</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>Total MapReduce CPU Time Spent: 0 msec</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>OK</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>1000000</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span>Time taken: 11.334 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></div><!----><footer class="vp-page-meta"><div class="vp-meta-item edit-link"><a class="auto-link external-link vp-meta-label" href="https://github.com/apache/tsfile/edit/docs/dev/src/zh/UserGuide/latest/Ecosystem Integration/Hive-TsFile.md" aria-label="发现错误?在 GitHub 上编辑此页" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" iconsizing="both"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon edit-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="edit icon" name="edit"><path d="M430.818 653.65a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-50.96-93.281l71.69-114.012 7.773-10.365L816.038 80.138A60.46 60.46 0 0 1 859.225 62a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 43.186 18.138l43.186 43.186a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 86.373L588.879 565.55l-8.637 8.637-117.466 68.234a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-31.958 11.229z"></path><path d="M728.802 962H252.891A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 62.008 771.98V296.934a190.883 190.883 0 0 1 190.883-192.61h267.754a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 120.92H252.891a69.962 69.962 0 0 0-69.098 69.099V771.98a69.962 69.962 0 0 0 69.098 69.098h475.911A69.962 69.962 0 0 0 797.9 771.98V503.363a60.46 60.46 0 1 1 120.922 0V771.98A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 728.802 962z"></path></svg><!--]-->发现错误?在 GitHub 上编辑此页<!----></a></div><div class="vp-meta-item git-info"><div class="update-time"><span class="vp-meta-label">上次编辑于: </span><span class="vp-meta-info" data-allow-mismatch="text">2025/4/27 16:10:05</span></div><!----></div></footer><!----><!----><!----><!--]--></main><!--]--><footer style="padding-bottom:1rem;padding-top:1rem;"><span id="doc-version" style="display:none;">latest</span><p style="text-align:center;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;">Copyright © 2025 The Apache Software Foundation.<br> Apache and the Apache feather logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation</p><p style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;"><strong>Have a question?</strong> Connect with us on issues. </p></footer></div><!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--]--><!--]--></div> |
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