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| <h1>Functional testing with OpenEJB, Jetty and Selenium |
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| |
| <p>Obviously, OpenEJB is great for unit testing EJBs, but I wondered whether I |
| might also be able to use this embedded functionality to functionally test |
| my application. You can use tools like Selenium, or HtmlUnit to run |
| functional tests as if the user were sat at their browser typing text, and |
| clicking links and buttons. This however means you have to have your app |
| running on your app server, and you need to have consistent test data - |
| otherwise a test might pass on one developers machine, but fail on another. |
| Here's one approach that you could take to completely deploy your webapp |
| within a test, and functionally test it with a tool like Selenium. There's |
| also some sample code demonstrating this, available <a href="http://people.apache.org/~jgallimore/PersonApp.zip">here</a> |
| .</p> |
| |
| <p><a name="FunctionaltestingwithOpenEJB,JettyandSelenium-Creatinganembeddedserver"></a></p> |
| |
| <h3>Creating an embedded server</h3> |
| |
| <p>I created a class to start my embedded OpenEJB and Jetty instances and |
| configure them to see the EJB and WAR modules of my application:</p> |
| |
| <pre><code>public class EmbeddedServer { |
| private static EmbeddedServer instance = new EmbeddedServer(); |
| private Server server; |
| |
| private EmbeddedServer() { |
| try { |
| // initialize OpenEJB & add some test data |
| Properties properties = new Properties(); |
| properties.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "org.apache.openejb.client.LocalInitialContextFactory"); |
| InitialContext ic = new InitialContext(properties); |
| PeopleFacade facade = (PeopleFacade) ic.lookup("PeopleFacadeEJBRemote"); |
| new TestFixture(facade).addTestData(); |
| |
| // setup web app |
| WebAppContext context = new WebAppContext(); |
| context.setWar(computeWarPath()); |
| InitialContext initialContext = setupJndi(context); |
| |
| // start the server |
| context.setServletHandler(new EmbeddedServerServletHandler(initialContext)); |
| context.setContextPath("/"); |
| server = new Server(9091); |
| server.addHandler(context); |
| |
| server.start(); |
| } catch (Exception e) { |
| e.printStackTrace(); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| private InitialContext setupJndi(WebAppContext context) throws NamingException { |
| // setup local JNDI |
| InitialContext initialContext = new InitialContext(); |
| WebApp webApp = getWebApp(context); |
| Collection<EjbRef> refs = webApp.getEjbRef(); |
| for (EjbRef ref : refs) { |
| String ejbLink = ref.getEjbLink(); |
| |
| // get enterprise bean info |
| EnterpriseBeanInfo beanInfo = new EJBHelper().getEJBInfo(ejbLink); |
| if (beanInfo.jndiNames != null && beanInfo.jndiNames.size() > 0) { |
| String jndiName = "java:openejb/ejb/" + beanInfo.jndiNames.get(0); |
| initialContext.bind("java:comp/env/" + ref.getEjbRefName(), new LinkRef(jndiName)); |
| } |
| } |
| return initialContext; |
| } |
| |
| private String computeWarPath() { |
| String currentPath = new File(".").getAbsolutePath(); |
| String warPath; |
| |
| String[] pathParts = currentPath.split("(\\\\|/)+"); |
| |
| int webPart = Arrays.asList(pathParts).indexOf("PersonWEB"); |
| if (webPart == -1) { |
| warPath = "PersonWEB/src/main/webapp"; |
| } else { |
| StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); |
| |
| for (int i = 0; i < webPart; i++) { |
| buffer.append(pathParts[i]); |
| buffer.append(File.separator); |
| } |
| |
| buffer.append("PersonWEB/src/main/webapp"); |
| warPath = buffer.toString(); |
| } |
| return warPath; |
| } |
| |
| public static EmbeddedServer getInstance() { |
| return instance; |
| } |
| |
| public Server getServer() { |
| return server; |
| } |
| |
| public static void main(String[] args) { |
| try { |
| EmbeddedServer.getInstance().getServer().join(); |
| } catch (Exception e) { |
| e.printStackTrace(); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| private WebApp getWebApp(WebAppContext context) { |
| WebApp webApp = null; |
| |
| try { |
| FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(new File(context.getWar() + "/WEB-INF/web.xml").getAbsolutePath()); |
| webApp = (WebApp) JaxbJavaee.unmarshal(WebApp.class, is); |
| } catch (Exception e) { |
| e.printStackTrace(); |
| } |
| return webApp; |
| } |
| } |
| </code></pre> |
| |
| <p>This class sets up an embedded instance of Jetty, running on port 9091. |
| You'll notice the setupJndi() method. This looks through the ejb-ref |
| entries in web.xml (which we deserialize using the openejb-jee library), |
| and adds relevant LinkRefs to the JNDI tree, so you can lookup beans using |
| the java:comp/env/bean format. I've added a main() method here for |
| convenience, so you can run this straight from an IDE, and record tests |
| using tools like the Selenium Firefox plugin.</p> |
| |
| <p><a name="FunctionaltestingwithOpenEJB,JettyandSelenium-Supporting@EJBDependencyinjection"></a></p> |
| |
| <h3>Supporting @EJB Dependency injection</h3> |
| |
| <p>In the last code sample, we also set up a custom ServletHandler in Jetty - |
| this is to perform dependency injection. The custom ServletHandler looks |
| like this:</p> |
| |
| <pre><code>public class EmbeddedServerServletHandler extends ServletHandler { |
| private InitialContext initialContext; |
| |
| public EmbeddedServerServletHandler(InitialContext initialContext) { |
| this.initialContext = initialContext; |
| } |
| |
| public Servlet customizeServlet(Servlet servlet) throws Exception { |
| Class<? extends Servlet> servletClass = servlet.getClass(); |
| Field[] |
| </code></pre> |
| |
| <p>declaredFields = servletClass.getDeclaredFields();</p> |
| |
| <pre><code> for (Field declaredField : declaredFields) { |
| Annotation[] |
| </code></pre> |
| |
| <p>annotations = declaredField.getAnnotations();</p> |
| |
| <pre><code> for (Annotation annotation : annotations) { |
| if (EJB.class.equals(annotation.annotationType())) { |
| // inject into this field |
| Class<?> fieldType = declaredField.getType(); |
| EnterpriseBeanInfo beanInfo = getBeanFor(fieldType); |
| if (beanInfo == null) { |
| continue; |
| } |
| |
| String jndiName = "java:openejb/ejb/" + beanInfo.jndiNames.get(0); |
| Object o = initialContext.lookup(jndiName); |
| |
| declaredField.setAccessible(true); |
| declaredField.set(servlet, o); |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| |
| return super.customizeServlet(servlet); |
| } |
| |
| private EnterpriseBeanInfo getBeanFor(Class<?> fieldType) { |
| return new EJBHelper().getBeanInfo(fieldType); |
| } |
| } |
| </code></pre> |
| |
| <p>This looks up deployed beans that match the field type, and uses reflection |
| to set the field.</p> |
| |
| <p><a name="FunctionaltestingwithOpenEJB,JettyandSelenium-WritingaFunctionaltest"></a></p> |
| |
| <h3>Writing a Functional test</h3> |
| |
| <p>We can now write a functional test. I use a base abstract class to make |
| sure the Embedded server is running, and start Selenium:</p> |
| |
| <pre><code>public abstract class FunctionalTestCase extends TestCase { |
| protected DefaultSelenium selenium; |
| |
| protected void setUp() throws Exception { |
| super.setUp(); |
| EmbeddedServer.getInstance(); |
| selenium = new DefaultSelenium("localhost", 4444, "*iexplore", "http://localhost:9091/"); |
| selenium.start(); |
| } |
| |
| protected void tearDown() throws Exception { |
| selenium.stop(); |
| } |
| } |
| </code></pre> |
| |
| <p>and I can then I write a test like this:</p> |
| |
| <pre><code>public class AddPersonTest extends FunctionalTestCase { |
| public void testShouldAddAPerson() throws Exception { |
| selenium.open("/People"); |
| selenium.type("firstname", "Jonathan"); |
| selenium.type("lastname", "Gallimore"); |
| selenium.click("//input[@name='add' and @value='Add']"); |
| selenium.waitForPageToLoad("30000"); |
| selenium.type("filter", "gallimore"); |
| selenium.click("submit"); |
| selenium.waitForPageToLoad("30000"); |
| assertEquals(1, selenium.getXpathCount("//div[@id='people']/ul/li").intValue()); |
| assertEquals("Jonathan Gallimore", selenium.getText("//div[@id='people']/ul/li[1]")); |
| |
| } |
| } |
| </code></pre> |
| |
| <p><a name="FunctionaltestingwithOpenEJB,JettyandSelenium-Samplecode"></a></p> |
| |
| <h3>Sample code</h3> |
| |
| <p>I've made a sample project which demonstrates this, source is available <a href="http://people.apache.org/~jgallimore/PersonApp.zip">here</a> |
| . You'll need Maven to build it, and you can build it and run the tests by |
| running 'mvn clean install'. If want to run the tests from your IDE, you'll |
| need to have a Selenium server running, which you can do by running 'mvn |
| selenium:start-server'. </p> |
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