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/*
* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
* contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
* this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
* The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
* (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.apache.catalina.startup;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.security.Principal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.jar.JarEntry;
import java.util.jar.JarFile;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.LogManager;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import jakarta.servlet.Servlet;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
import jakarta.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import org.apache.catalina.Container;
import org.apache.catalina.Context;
import org.apache.catalina.Engine;
import org.apache.catalina.Globals;
import org.apache.catalina.Host;
import org.apache.catalina.Lifecycle;
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleEvent;
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException;
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleListener;
import org.apache.catalina.Realm;
import org.apache.catalina.Server;
import org.apache.catalina.Service;
import org.apache.catalina.Wrapper;
import org.apache.catalina.authenticator.NonLoginAuthenticator;
import org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector;
import org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase;
import org.apache.catalina.core.NamingContextListener;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper;
import org.apache.catalina.realm.GenericPrincipal;
import org.apache.catalina.realm.RealmBase;
import org.apache.catalina.util.ContextName;
import org.apache.catalina.util.IOTools;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.ExceptionUtils;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.UriUtil;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.compat.JreCompat;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.descriptor.web.LoginConfig;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.file.ConfigFileLoader;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.file.ConfigurationSource;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.Registry;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.res.StringManager;
// TODO: lazy init for the temp dir - only when a JSP is compiled or
// get temp dir is called we need to create it. This will avoid the
// need for the baseDir
// TODO: allow contexts without a base dir - i.e.
// only programmatic. This would disable the default servlet.
/**
* Minimal tomcat starter for embedding/unit tests.
* <p>
* Tomcat supports multiple styles of configuration and startup - the most common and stable is server.xml-based,
* implemented in org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.
* <p>
* This class is for use in apps that embed tomcat.
* <p>
* Requirements:
* <ul>
* <li>all tomcat classes and possibly servlets are in the classpath. (for example all is in one big jar, or in eclipse
* CP, or in any other combination)</li>
* <li>we need one temporary directory for work files</li>
* <li>no config file is required. This class provides methods to use if you have a webapp with a web.xml file, but it
* is optional - you can use your own servlets.</li>
* </ul>
* <p>
* There are a variety of 'add' methods to configure servlets and webapps. These methods, by default, create a simple
* in-memory security realm and apply it. If you need more complex security processing, you can define a subclass of
* this class.
* <p>
* This class provides a set of convenience methods for configuring web application contexts; all overloads of the
* method <code>addWebapp()</code>. These methods are equivalent to adding a web application to the Host's appBase
* (normally the webapps directory). These methods create a Context, configure it with the equivalent of the defaults
* provided by <code>conf/web.xml</code> (see {@link #initWebappDefaults(String)} for details) and add the Context to a
* Host. These methods do not use a global default web.xml; rather, they add a {@link LifecycleListener} to configure
* the defaults. Any WEB-INF/web.xml and META-INF/context.xml packaged with the application will be processed normally.
* Normal web fragment and {@link jakarta.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer} processing will be applied.
* <p>
* In complex cases, you may prefer to use the ordinary Tomcat API to create webapp contexts; for example, you might
* need to install a custom Loader before the call to {@link Host#addChild(Container)}. To replicate the basic behavior
* of the <code>addWebapp</code> methods, you may want to call two methods of this class: {@link #noDefaultWebXmlPath()}
* and {@link #getDefaultWebXmlListener()}.
* <p>
* {@link #getDefaultWebXmlListener()} returns a {@link LifecycleListener} that adds the standard DefaultServlet, JSP
* processing, and welcome files. If you add this listener, you must prevent Tomcat from applying any standard global
* web.xml with ...
* <p>
* {@link #noDefaultWebXmlPath()} returns a dummy pathname to configure to prevent {@link ContextConfig} from trying to
* apply a global web.xml file.
* <p>
* This class provides a main() and few simple CLI arguments, see setters for doc. It can be used for simple tests and
* demo.
*
* @see <a href=
* "https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf?p=tomcat.git;a=blob;f=test/org/apache/catalina/startup/TestTomcat.java">TestTomcat</a>
*
* @author Costin Manolache
*/
public class Tomcat {
private static final StringManager sm = StringManager.getManager(Tomcat.class);
// Some logging implementations use weak references for loggers so there is
// the possibility that logging configuration could be lost if GC runs just
// after Loggers are configured but before they are used. The purpose of
// this Map is to retain strong references to explicitly configured loggers
// so that configuration is not lost.
private final Map<String,Logger> pinnedLoggers = new HashMap<>();
protected Server server;
protected int port = 8080;
protected String hostname = "localhost";
protected String basedir;
private final Map<String,String> userPass = new HashMap<>();
private final Map<String,List<String>> userRoles = new HashMap<>();
private final Map<String,Principal> userPrincipals = new HashMap<>();
private boolean addDefaultWebXmlToWebapp = true;
public Tomcat() {
ExceptionUtils.preload();
}
/**
* Tomcat requires that the base directory is set because the defaults for a number of other locations, such as the
* work directory, are derived from the base directory. This should be the first method called.
* <p>
* If this method is not called then Tomcat will attempt to use these locations in the following order:
* <ol>
* <li>if set, the catalina.base system property</li>
* <li>if set, the catalina.home system property</li>
* <li>The user.dir system property (the directory where Java was run from) where a directory named tomcat.$PORT
* will be created. $PORT is the value configured via {@link #setPort(int)} which defaults to 8080 if not set</li>
* </ol>
* The user should ensure that the file permissions for the base directory are appropriate.
* <p>
* TODO: disable work dir if not needed ( no jsp, etc ).
*
* @param basedir The Tomcat base folder on which all others will be derived
*/
public void setBaseDir(String basedir) {
this.basedir = basedir;
}
/**
* Set the port for the default connector. The default connector will only be created if getConnector is called.
*
* @param port The port number
*/
public void setPort(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
/**
* The hostname of the default host, default is 'localhost'.
*
* @param s The default host name
*/
public void setHostname(String s) {
hostname = s;
}
/**
* This is equivalent to adding a web application to a Host's appBase (usually Tomcat's webapps directory). By
* default, the equivalent of the default web.xml will be applied to the web application (see
* {@link #initWebappDefaults(String)}). This may be prevented by calling
* {@link #setAddDefaultWebXmlToWebapp(boolean)} with {@code false}. Any <code>WEB-INF/web.xml</code> and
* <code>META-INF/context.xml</code> packaged with the application will always be processed and normal web fragment
* and {@link jakarta.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer} processing will always be applied.
*
* @param contextPath The context mapping to use, "" for root context.
* @param docBase Base directory for the context, for static files. Must exist and be an absolute path.
*
* @return the deployed context
*/
public Context addWebapp(String contextPath, String docBase) {
return addWebapp(getHost(), contextPath, docBase);
}
/**
* Copy the specified WAR file to the Host's appBase and then call {@link #addWebapp(String, String)} with the newly
* copied WAR. The WAR will <b>NOT</b> be removed from the Host's appBase when the Tomcat instance stops. Note that
* {@link ExpandWar} provides utility methods that may be used to delete the WAR and/or expanded directory if
* required.
*
* @param contextPath The context mapping to use, "" for root context.
* @param source The location from which the WAR should be copied
*
* @return The deployed Context
*
* @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while copying the WAR file from the specified URL to the appBase
*/
public Context addWebapp(String contextPath, URL source) throws IOException {
ContextName cn = new ContextName(contextPath, null);
// Make sure a conflicting web application has not already been deployed
Host h = getHost();
if (h.findChild(cn.getName()) != null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
sm.getString("tomcat.addWebapp.conflictChild", source, contextPath, cn.getName()));
}
// Make sure appBase does not contain a conflicting web application
File targetWar = new File(h.getAppBaseFile(), cn.getBaseName() + ".war");
File targetDir = new File(h.getAppBaseFile(), cn.getBaseName());
if (targetWar.exists()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
sm.getString("tomcat.addWebapp.conflictFile", source, contextPath, targetWar.getAbsolutePath()));
}
if (targetDir.exists()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
sm.getString("tomcat.addWebapp.conflictFile", source, contextPath, targetDir.getAbsolutePath()));
}
// Should be good to copy the WAR now
URLConnection uConn = source.openConnection();
try (InputStream is = uConn.getInputStream(); OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(targetWar)) {
IOTools.flow(is, os);
}
return addWebapp(contextPath, targetWar.getAbsolutePath());
}
/**
* Add a context - programmatic mode, no default web.xml used. This means that there is no JSP support (no JSP
* servlet), no default servlet and no web socket support unless explicitly enabled via the programmatic interface.
* There is also no {@link jakarta.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer} processing and no annotation processing. If
* a {@link jakarta.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer} is added programmatically, there will still be no scanning
* for {@link jakarta.servlet.annotation.HandlesTypes} matches.
* <p>
* API calls equivalent with web.xml:
*
* <pre>{@code
* // context-param
* ctx.addParameter("name", "value");
*
*
* // error-page
* ErrorPage ep = new ErrorPage();
* ep.setErrorCode(500);
* ep.setLocation("/error.html");
* ctx.addErrorPage(ep);
*
* ctx.addMimeMapping("ext", "type");
* }</pre>
* <p>
* Note: If you reload the Context, all your configuration will be lost. If you need reload support, consider using
* a LifecycleListener to provide your configuration.
* <p>
* TODO: add the rest
*
* @param contextPath The context mapping to use, "" for root context.
* @param docBase Base directory for the context, for static files. Must exist, relative to the server home
*
* @return the deployed context
*/
public Context addContext(String contextPath, String docBase) {
return addContext(getHost(), contextPath, docBase);
}
/**
* Equivalent to &lt;servlet&gt;&lt;servlet-name&gt;&lt;servlet-class&gt;.
* <p>
* In general it is better/faster to use the method that takes a Servlet as param - this one can be used if the
* servlet is not commonly used, and want to avoid loading all deps. ( for example: jsp servlet ) You can customize
* the returned servlet, ex:
*
* <pre>
* wrapper.addInitParameter("name", "value");
* </pre>
*
* @param contextPath Context to add Servlet to
* @param servletName Servlet name (used in mappings)
* @param servletClass The class to be used for the Servlet
*
* @return The wrapper for the servlet
*/
public Wrapper addServlet(String contextPath, String servletName, String servletClass) {
Container ctx = getHost().findChild(contextPath);
return addServlet((Context) ctx, servletName, servletClass);
}
/**
* Static version of {@link #addServlet(String, String, String)}
*
* @param ctx Context to add Servlet to
* @param servletName Servlet name (used in mappings)
* @param servletClass The class to be used for the Servlet
*
* @return The wrapper for the servlet
*/
public static Wrapper addServlet(Context ctx, String servletName, String servletClass) {
// will do class for name and set init params
Wrapper sw = ctx.createWrapper();
if (sw == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException(sm.getString("tomcat.noWrapper"));
}
sw.setServletClass(servletClass);
sw.setName(servletName);
ctx.addChild(sw);
return sw;
}
/**
* Add an existing Servlet to the context with no class.forName or initialisation.
*
* @param contextPath Context to add Servlet to
* @param servletName Servlet name (used in mappings)
* @param servlet The Servlet to add
*
* @return The wrapper for the servlet
*/
public Wrapper addServlet(String contextPath, String servletName, Servlet servlet) {
Container ctx = getHost().findChild(contextPath);
return addServlet((Context) ctx, servletName, servlet);
}
/**
* Static version of {@link #addServlet(String, String, Servlet)}.
*
* @param ctx Context to add Servlet to
* @param servletName Servlet name (used in mappings)
* @param servlet The Servlet to add
*
* @return The wrapper for the servlet
*/
public static Wrapper addServlet(Context ctx, String servletName, Servlet servlet) {
// will do class for name and set init params
Wrapper sw = new ExistingStandardWrapper(servlet);
sw.setName(servletName);
ctx.addChild(sw);
return sw;
}
/**
* Initialize the server given the specified configuration source. The server will be loaded according to the Tomcat
* configuration files contained in the source (server.xml, web.xml, context.xml, SSL certificates, etc). If no
* configuration source is specified, it will use the default locations for these files.
*
* @param source The configuration source
*/
public void init(ConfigurationSource source) {
init(source, null);
}
/**
* Initialize the server given the specified configuration source. The server will be loaded according to the Tomcat
* configuration files contained in the source (server.xml, web.xml, context.xml, SSL certificates, etc). If no
* configuration source is specified, it will use the default locations for these files.
*
* @param source The configuration source
* @param catalinaArguments The arguments that should be passed to Catalina
*/
public void init(ConfigurationSource source, String[] catalinaArguments) {
ConfigFileLoader.setSource(source);
addDefaultWebXmlToWebapp = false;
Catalina catalina = new Catalina();
// Load the Catalina instance with the regular configuration files
// from specified source
if (catalinaArguments == null) {
catalina.load();
} else {
catalina.load(catalinaArguments);
}
// Retrieve and set the server
server = catalina.getServer();
}
/**
* Initialize the server.
*
* @throws LifecycleException Init error
*/
public void init() throws LifecycleException {
getServer();
server.init();
}
/**
* Start the server.
*
* @throws LifecycleException Start error
*/
public void start() throws LifecycleException {
getServer();
server.start();
}
/**
* Stop the server.
*
* @throws LifecycleException Stop error
*/
public void stop() throws LifecycleException {
getServer();
server.stop();
}
/**
* Destroy the server. This object cannot be used once this method has been called.
*
* @throws LifecycleException Destroy error
*/
public void destroy() throws LifecycleException {
getServer();
server.destroy();
// Could null out objects here
}
/**
* Add a user for the in-memory realm. All created apps use this by default, can be replaced using setRealm().
*
* @param user The username
* @param pass The password
*/
public void addUser(String user, String pass) {
userPass.put(user, pass);
}
/**
* Add a role to a user.
*
* @see #addUser(String, String)
*
* @param user The username
* @param role The role name
*/
public void addRole(String user, String role) {
userRoles.computeIfAbsent(user, k -> new ArrayList<>()).add(role);
}
// ------- Extra customization -------
// You can tune individual Tomcat objects, using internal APIs
/**
* Get the default HTTP connector that is used by the embedded Tomcat. It is first configured connector in the
* service. If there's no connector defined, it will create and add a default connector using the port and address
* specified in this Tomcat instance, and return it for further customization.
*
* @return The connector object
*/
public Connector getConnector() {
Service service = getService();
if (service.findConnectors().length > 0) {
return service.findConnectors()[0];
}
// The same as in standard Tomcat configuration.
// This creates a NIO HTTP connector.
Connector connector = new Connector("HTTP/1.1");
connector.setPort(port);
service.addConnector(connector);
return connector;
}
/**
* Set the specified connector in the service, if it is not already present.
*
* @param connector The connector instance to add
*/
public void setConnector(Connector connector) {
Service service = getService();
boolean found = false;
for (Connector serviceConnector : service.findConnectors()) {
if (connector == serviceConnector) {
found = true;
break;
}
}
if (!found) {
service.addConnector(connector);
}
}
/**
* Get the service object. Can be used to add more connectors and few other global settings.
*
* @return The service
*/
public Service getService() {
return getServer().findServices()[0];
}
/**
* Sets the current host - all future webapps will be added to this host. When tomcat starts, the host will be the
* default host.
*
* @param host The current host
*/
public void setHost(Host host) {
Engine engine = getEngine();
boolean found = false;
for (Container engineHost : engine.findChildren()) {
if (engineHost == host) {
found = true;
break;
}
}
if (!found) {
engine.addChild(host);
}
}
public Host getHost() {
Engine engine = getEngine();
if (engine.findChildren().length > 0) {
return (Host) engine.findChildren()[0];
}
Host host = new StandardHost();
host.setName(hostname);
getEngine().addChild(host);
return host;
}
/**
* Access to the engine, for further customization.
*
* @return The engine
*/
public Engine getEngine() {
Service service = getServer().findServices()[0];
if (service.getContainer() != null) {
return service.getContainer();
}
Engine engine = new StandardEngine();
engine.setName("Tomcat");
engine.setDefaultHost(hostname);
engine.setRealm(createDefaultRealm());
service.setContainer(engine);
return engine;
}
/**
* Get the server object. You can add listeners and few more customizations. JNDI is disabled by default.
*
* @return The Server
*/
public Server getServer() {
if (server != null) {
return server;
}
System.setProperty("catalina.useNaming", "false");
server = new StandardServer();
initBaseDir();
// Set configuration source
ConfigFileLoader.setSource(new CatalinaBaseConfigurationSource(new File(basedir), null));
server.setPort(-1);
Service service = new StandardService();
service.setName("Tomcat");
server.addService(service);
return server;
}
/**
* @param host The host in which the context will be deployed
* @param contextPath The context mapping to use, "" for root context.
* @param dir Base directory for the context, for static files. Must exist, relative to the server home
*
* @return the deployed context
*
* @see #addContext(String, String)
*/
public Context addContext(Host host, String contextPath, String dir) {
return addContext(host, contextPath, contextPath, dir);
}
/**
* @param host The host in which the context will be deployed
* @param contextPath The context mapping to use, "" for root context.
* @param contextName The context name
* @param dir Base directory for the context, for static files. Must exist, relative to the server home
*
* @return the deployed context
*
* @see #addContext(String, String)
*/
public Context addContext(Host host, String contextPath, String contextName, String dir) {
silence(host, contextName);
Context ctx = createContext(host, contextPath);
ctx.setName(contextName);
ctx.setPath(contextPath);
ctx.setDocBase(dir);
ctx.addLifecycleListener(new FixContextListener());
if (host == null) {
getHost().addChild(ctx);
} else {
host.addChild(ctx);
}
return ctx;
}
/**
* This is equivalent to adding a web application to a Host's appBase (usually Tomcat's webapps directory). By
* default, the equivalent of the default web.xml will be applied to the web application (see
* {@link #initWebappDefaults(String)}). This may be prevented by calling
* {@link #setAddDefaultWebXmlToWebapp(boolean)} with {@code false}. Any <code>WEB-INF/web.xml</code> and
* <code>META-INF/context.xml</code> packaged with the application will always be processed and normal web fragment
* and {@link jakarta.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer} processing will always be applied.
*
* @param host The host in which the context will be deployed
* @param contextPath The context mapping to use, "" for root context.
* @param docBase Base directory for the context, for static files. Must exist and be an absolute path.
*
* @return the deployed context
*/
public Context addWebapp(Host host, String contextPath, String docBase) {
LifecycleListener listener;
try {
Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(getHost().getConfigClass());
listener = (LifecycleListener) clazz.getConstructor().newInstance();
} catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
// Wrap in IAE since we can't easily change the method signature
// to throw the specific checked exceptions
throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
}
return addWebapp(host, contextPath, docBase, listener);
}
/**
* This is equivalent to adding a web application to a Host's appBase (usually Tomcat's webapps directory). By
* default, the equivalent of the default web.xml will be applied to the web application (see
* {@link #initWebappDefaults(String)}). This may be prevented by calling
* {@link #setAddDefaultWebXmlToWebapp(boolean)} with {@code false}. Any <code>WEB-INF/web.xml</code> and
* <code>META-INF/context.xml</code> packaged with the application will always be processed and normal web fragment
* and {@link jakarta.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer} processing will always be applied.
*
* @param host The host in which the context will be deployed
* @param contextPath The context mapping to use, "" for root context.
* @param docBase Base directory for the context, for static files. Must exist and be an absolute path.
* @param config Custom context configuration helper. Any configuration will be in addition to equivalent of
* the default web.xml configuration described above.
*
* @return the deployed context
*/
public Context addWebapp(Host host, String contextPath, String docBase, LifecycleListener config) {
silence(host, contextPath);
Context ctx = createContext(host, contextPath);
ctx.setPath(contextPath);
ctx.setDocBase(docBase);
if (addDefaultWebXmlToWebapp) {
ctx.addLifecycleListener(getDefaultWebXmlListener());
}
ctx.setConfigFile(getWebappConfigFile(docBase, contextPath));
ctx.addLifecycleListener(config);
if (addDefaultWebXmlToWebapp && (config instanceof ContextConfig)) {
// prevent it from looking ( if it finds one - it'll have dup error )
((ContextConfig) config).setDefaultWebXml(noDefaultWebXmlPath());
}
if (host == null) {
getHost().addChild(ctx);
} else {
host.addChild(ctx);
}
return ctx;
}
/**
* Return a listener that provides the required configuration items for JSP processing. From the standard Tomcat
* global web.xml. Pass this to {@link Context#addLifecycleListener(LifecycleListener)} and then pass the result of
* {@link #noDefaultWebXmlPath()} to {@link ContextConfig#setDefaultWebXml(String)}.
*
* @return a listener object that configures default JSP processing.
*/
public LifecycleListener getDefaultWebXmlListener() {
return new DefaultWebXmlListener();
}
/**
* @return a pathname to pass to {@link ContextConfig#setDefaultWebXml(String)} when using
* {@link #getDefaultWebXmlListener()}.
*/
public String noDefaultWebXmlPath() {
return Constants.NoDefaultWebXml;
}
// ---------- Helper methods and classes -------------------
/**
* Create an in-memory realm. You can replace it for contexts with a real one. The Realm created here will be added
* to the Engine by default and may be replaced at the Engine level or over-ridden (as per normal Tomcat behaviour)
* at the Host or Context level.
*
* @return a realm instance
*/
protected Realm createDefaultRealm() {
return new SimpleRealm();
}
private class SimpleRealm extends RealmBase {
@Override
protected String getPassword(String username) {
return userPass.get(username);
}
@Override
protected Principal getPrincipal(String username) {
Principal p = userPrincipals.get(username);
if (p == null) {
String pass = userPass.get(username);
if (pass != null) {
p = new GenericPrincipal(username, userRoles.get(username));
userPrincipals.put(username, p);
}
}
return p;
}
}
protected void initBaseDir() {
String catalinaHome = System.getProperty(Globals.CATALINA_HOME_PROP);
if (basedir == null) {
basedir = System.getProperty(Globals.CATALINA_BASE_PROP);
}
if (basedir == null) {
basedir = catalinaHome;
}
if (basedir == null) {
// Create a temp dir.
basedir = System.getProperty("user.dir") + "/tomcat." + port;
}
File baseFile = new File(basedir);
if (baseFile.exists()) {
if (!baseFile.isDirectory()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(sm.getString("tomcat.baseDirNotDir", baseFile));
}
} else {
if (!baseFile.mkdirs()) {
// Failed to create base directory
throw new IllegalStateException(sm.getString("tomcat.baseDirMakeFail", baseFile));
}
/*
* If file permissions were going to be set on the newly created directory, this is the place to do it.
* However, even simple calls such as File.setReadable(boolean,boolean) behaves differently on different
* platforms. Therefore, setBaseDir documents that the user needs to do this.
*/
}
try {
baseFile = baseFile.getCanonicalFile();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
baseFile = baseFile.getAbsoluteFile();
}
server.setCatalinaBase(baseFile);
System.setProperty(Globals.CATALINA_BASE_PROP, baseFile.getPath());
basedir = baseFile.getPath();
if (catalinaHome == null) {
server.setCatalinaHome(baseFile);
} else {
File homeFile = new File(catalinaHome);
if (!homeFile.isDirectory() && !homeFile.mkdirs()) {
// Failed to create home directory
throw new IllegalStateException(sm.getString("tomcat.homeDirMakeFail", homeFile));
}
try {
homeFile = homeFile.getCanonicalFile();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
homeFile = homeFile.getAbsoluteFile();
}
server.setCatalinaHome(homeFile);
}
System.setProperty(Globals.CATALINA_HOME_PROP, server.getCatalinaHome().getPath());
}
static final String[] silences = new String[] { "org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol",
"org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService", "org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine",
"org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig", "org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContext",
"org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener", "org.apache.catalina.core.OpenSSLLifecycleListener" };
private boolean silent = false;
/**
* Controls if the loggers will be silenced or not.
*
* @param silent <code>true</code> sets the log level to WARN for the loggers that log information on Tomcat start
* up. This prevents the usual startup information being logged. <code>false</code> sets the log
* level to the default level of INFO.
*/
public void setSilent(boolean silent) {
this.silent = silent;
for (String s : silences) {
Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(s);
pinnedLoggers.put(s, logger);
if (silent) {
logger.setLevel(Level.WARNING);
} else {
logger.setLevel(Level.INFO);
}
}
}
private void silence(Host host, String contextPath) {
String loggerName = getLoggerName(host, contextPath);
Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(loggerName);
pinnedLoggers.put(loggerName, logger);
if (silent) {
logger.setLevel(Level.WARNING);
} else {
logger.setLevel(Level.INFO);
}
}
/**
* By default, when calling addWebapp() to create a Context, the settings from the default web.xml are added to the
* context. Calling this method with a <code>false</code> value prior to calling addWebapp() allows to opt out of
* the default settings. In that event you will need to add the configurations yourself, either programmatically or
* by using web.xml deployment descriptors.
*
* @param addDefaultWebXmlToWebapp <code>false</code> will prevent the class from automatically adding the default
* settings when calling addWebapp(). <code>true</code> will add the default
* settings and is the default behavior.
*
* @see #addWebapp(Host, String, String, LifecycleListener)
*/
public void setAddDefaultWebXmlToWebapp(boolean addDefaultWebXmlToWebapp) {
this.addDefaultWebXmlToWebapp = addDefaultWebXmlToWebapp;
}
/*
* Uses essentially the same logic as {@link ContainerBase#logName()}.
*/
private String getLoggerName(Host host, String contextName) {
if (host == null) {
host = getHost();
}
StringBuilder loggerName = new StringBuilder();
loggerName.append(ContainerBase.class.getName());
loggerName.append(".[");
// Engine name
loggerName.append(host.getParent().getName());
loggerName.append("].[");
// Host name
loggerName.append(host.getName());
loggerName.append("].[");
// Context name
if (contextName == null || contextName.isEmpty()) {
loggerName.append('/');
} else if (contextName.startsWith("##")) {
loggerName.append('/');
loggerName.append(contextName);
}
loggerName.append(']');
return loggerName.toString();
}
/**
* Create the configured {@link Context} for the given <code>host</code>. The default constructor of the class that
* was configured with {@link StandardHost#setContextClass(String)} will be used
*
* @param host host for which the {@link Context} should be created, or <code>null</code> if default host should be
* used
* @param url path of the webapp which should get the {@link Context}
*
* @return newly created {@link Context}
*/
private Context createContext(Host host, String url) {
String defaultContextClass = StandardContext.class.getName();
String contextClass = StandardContext.class.getName();
if (host == null) {
host = this.getHost();
}
if (host instanceof StandardHost) {
contextClass = ((StandardHost) host).getContextClass();
}
try {
if (defaultContextClass.equals(contextClass)) {
return new StandardContext();
} else {
return (Context) Class.forName(contextClass).getConstructor().newInstance();
}
} catch (ReflectiveOperationException | IllegalArgumentException | SecurityException e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(sm.getString("tomcat.noContextClass", contextClass, host, url), e);
}
}
/**
* Enables JNDI naming which is disabled by default. Server must implement {@link Lifecycle} in order for the
* {@link NamingContextListener} to be used.
*/
public void enableNaming() {
// Make sure getServer() has been called as that is where naming is
// disabled
getServer();
server.addLifecycleListener(new NamingContextListener());
System.setProperty("catalina.useNaming", "true");
String value = "org.apache.naming";
String oldValue = System.getProperty(javax.naming.Context.URL_PKG_PREFIXES);
if (oldValue != null) {
if (oldValue.contains(value)) {
value = oldValue;
} else {
value = value + ":" + oldValue;
}
}
System.setProperty(javax.naming.Context.URL_PKG_PREFIXES, value);
value = System.getProperty(javax.naming.Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY);
if (value == null) {
System.setProperty(javax.naming.Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY,
"org.apache.naming.java.javaURLContextFactory");
}
}
/**
* Provide default configuration for a context. This is broadly the programmatic equivalent of the default web.xml
* and provides the following features:
* <ul>
* <li>Default servlet mapped to "/"</li>
* <li>JSP servlet mapped to "*.jsp" and ""*.jspx"</li>
* <li>Session timeout of 30 minutes</li>
* <li>MIME mappings (subset of those in conf/web.xml)</li>
* <li>Welcome files</li>
* </ul>
*
* @param contextPath The path of the context to set the defaults for
*/
public void initWebappDefaults(String contextPath) {
Container ctx = getHost().findChild(contextPath);
initWebappDefaults((Context) ctx);
}
/**
* Static version of {@link #initWebappDefaults(String)}.
*
* @param ctx The context to set the defaults for
*/
public static void initWebappDefaults(Context ctx) {
// Default servlet
Wrapper servlet = addServlet(ctx, "default", "org.apache.catalina.servlets.DefaultServlet");
servlet.setLoadOnStartup(1);
servlet.setOverridable(true);
// JSP servlet (by class name - to avoid loading all deps)
servlet = addServlet(ctx, "jsp", "org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet");
servlet.addInitParameter("fork", "false");
servlet.setLoadOnStartup(3);
servlet.setOverridable(true);
// Servlet mappings
ctx.addServletMappingDecoded("/", "default");
ctx.addServletMappingDecoded("*.jsp", "jsp");
ctx.addServletMappingDecoded("*.jspx", "jsp");
// Sessions
ctx.setSessionTimeout(30);
// MIME type mappings
addDefaultMimeTypeMappings(ctx);
// Welcome files
ctx.addWelcomeFile("index.html");
ctx.addWelcomeFile("index.htm");
ctx.addWelcomeFile("index.jsp");
// Any application configured welcome files should override the defaults.
if (ctx instanceof StandardContext stdCtx) {
stdCtx.setReplaceWelcomeFiles(true);
}
}
/**
* Add the default MIME type mappings to the provided Context.
*
* @param context The web application to which the default MIME type mappings should be added.
*/
public static void addDefaultMimeTypeMappings(Context context) {
Properties defaultMimeMappings = new Properties();
try (InputStream is = Tomcat.class.getResourceAsStream("MimeTypeMappings.properties")) {
defaultMimeMappings.load(is);
for (Map.Entry<Object,Object> entry : defaultMimeMappings.entrySet()) {
context.addMimeMapping((String) entry.getKey(), (String) entry.getValue());
}
} catch (IOException ioe) {
throw new IllegalStateException(sm.getString("tomcat.defaultMimeTypeMappingsFail"), ioe);
}
}
/**
* Fix startup sequence - required if you don't use web.xml.
* <p>
* The start() method in context will set 'configured' to false - and expects a listener to set it back to true.
*/
public static class FixContextListener implements LifecycleListener {
@Override
public void lifecycleEvent(LifecycleEvent event) {
try {
Context context = (Context) event.getLifecycle();
if (event.getType().equals(Lifecycle.CONFIGURE_START_EVENT)) {
context.setConfigured(true);
// Process annotations
WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationAnnotations(context);
// LoginConfig is required to process @ServletSecurity
// annotations
if (context.getLoginConfig() == null) {
context.setLoginConfig(new LoginConfig("NONE", null, null, null));
context.getPipeline().addValve(new NonLoginAuthenticator());
}
}
} catch (ClassCastException e) {
// Ignore
}
}
}
/**
* Fix reload - required if reloading and using programmatic configuration. When a context is reloaded, any
* programmatic configuration is lost. This listener sets the equivalent of conf/web.xml when the context starts.
*/
public static class DefaultWebXmlListener implements LifecycleListener {
@Override
public void lifecycleEvent(LifecycleEvent event) {
if (Lifecycle.BEFORE_START_EVENT.equals(event.getType())) {
initWebappDefaults((Context) event.getLifecycle());
}
}
}
/**
* Helper class for wrapping existing servlets. This disables servlet lifecycle and normal reloading, but also
* reduces overhead and provide more direct control over the servlet.
*/
public static class ExistingStandardWrapper extends StandardWrapper {
private final Servlet existing;
public ExistingStandardWrapper(Servlet existing) {
this.existing = existing;
this.asyncSupported = hasAsync(existing);
}
private static boolean hasAsync(Servlet existing) {
boolean result = false;
Class<?> clazz = existing.getClass();
WebServlet ws = clazz.getAnnotation(WebServlet.class);
if (ws != null) {
result = ws.asyncSupported();
}
return result;
}
@Override
public synchronized Servlet loadServlet() throws ServletException {
if (!instanceInitialized) {
existing.init(facade);
instanceInitialized = true;
}
return existing;
}
@Override
public long getAvailable() {
return 0;
}
@Override
public boolean isUnavailable() {
return false;
}
@Override
public Servlet getServlet() {
return existing;
}
@Override
public String getServletClass() {
return existing.getClass().getName();
}
}
protected URL getWebappConfigFile(String path, String contextName) {
File docBase = new File(path);
if (docBase.isDirectory()) {
return getWebappConfigFileFromDirectory(docBase, contextName);
} else {
return getWebappConfigFileFromWar(docBase, contextName);
}
}
private URL getWebappConfigFileFromDirectory(File docBase, String contextName) {
URL result = null;
File webAppContextXml = new File(docBase, Constants.ApplicationContextXml);
if (webAppContextXml.exists()) {
try {
result = webAppContextXml.toURI().toURL();
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
Logger.getLogger(getLoggerName(getHost(), contextName)).log(Level.WARNING,
sm.getString("tomcat.noContextXml", docBase), e);
}
}
return result;
}
private URL getWebappConfigFileFromWar(File docBase, String contextName) {
URL result = null;
try (JarFile jar = new JarFile(docBase)) {
JarEntry entry = jar.getJarEntry(Constants.ApplicationContextXml);
if (entry != null) {
result = UriUtil.buildJarUrl(docBase, Constants.ApplicationContextXml);
}
} catch (IOException ioe) {
Logger.getLogger(getLoggerName(getHost(), contextName)).log(Level.WARNING,
sm.getString("tomcat.noContextXml", docBase), ioe);
}
return result;
}
static {
// Graal native images don't load any configuration except the VM default
if (JreCompat.isGraalAvailable()) {
try (InputStream is = new FileInputStream(
System.getProperty("java.util.logging.config.file", "conf/logging.properties"))) {
LogManager.getLogManager().readConfiguration(is);
} catch (SecurityException | IOException e) {
// Ignore, the VM default will be used
}
}
}
/**
* Main executable method for use with a Maven packager.
*
* @param args the command line arguments
*
* @throws Exception if an error occurs
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// Process some command line parameters
String[] catalinaArguments = null;
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
if (args[i].equals("--no-jmx")) {
Registry.disableRegistry();
} else if (args[i].equals("--catalina")) {
// This was already processed before
// Skip the rest of the arguments as they are for Catalina
ArrayList<String> result = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(args).subList(i + 1, args.length));
catalinaArguments = result.toArray(new String[0]);
break;
}
}
Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
// Create a Catalina instance and let it parse the configuration files
// It will also set a shutdown hook to stop the Server when needed
// Use the default configuration source
tomcat.init(null, catalinaArguments);
boolean await = false;
String path = "";
// Process command line parameters
label:
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
switch (args[i]) {
case "--war":
if (++i >= args.length) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(sm.getString("tomcat.invalidCommandLine", args[i - 1]));
}
File war = new File(args[i]);
tomcat.addWebapp(path, war.getAbsolutePath());
break;
case "--path":
if (++i >= args.length) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(sm.getString("tomcat.invalidCommandLine", args[i - 1]));
}
path = args[i];
break;
case "--await":
await = true;
break;
case "--no-jmx":
// This was already processed before
break;
case "--catalina":
// This was already processed before
// Skip the rest of the arguments as they are for Catalina
break label;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException(sm.getString("tomcat.invalidCommandLine", args[i]));
}
}
tomcat.start();
// Ideally the utility threads are non daemon
if (await) {
tomcat.getServer().await();
}
}
}