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// ASM: a very small and fast Java bytecode manipulation framework
// Copyright (c) 2000-2011 INRIA, France Telecom
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
// are met:
// 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
// documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
// 3. Neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
// THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
package org.apache.tapestry5.internal.plastic.asm.commons;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.tapestry5.internal.plastic.asm.ConstantDynamic;
import org.apache.tapestry5.internal.plastic.asm.Handle;
import org.apache.tapestry5.internal.plastic.asm.Label;
import org.apache.tapestry5.internal.plastic.asm.MethodVisitor;
import org.apache.tapestry5.internal.plastic.asm.Opcodes;
import org.apache.tapestry5.internal.plastic.asm.Type;
/**
* A {@link MethodVisitor} to insert before, after and around advices in methods and constructors.
* For constructors, the code keeps track of the elements on the stack in order to detect when the
* super class constructor is called (note that there can be multiple such calls in different
* branches). {@code onMethodEnter} is called after each super class constructor call, because the
* object cannot be used before it is properly initialized.
*
* @author Eugene Kuleshov
* @author Eric Bruneton
*/
public abstract class AdviceAdapter extends GeneratorAdapter implements Opcodes {
/** The "uninitialized this" value. */
private static final Object UNINITIALIZED_THIS = new Object();
/** Any value other than "uninitialized this". */
private static final Object OTHER = new Object();
/** Prefix of the error message when invalid opcodes are found. */
private static final String INVALID_OPCODE = "Invalid opcode ";
/** The access flags of the visited method. */
protected int methodAccess;
/** The descriptor of the visited method. */
protected String methodDesc;
/** Whether the visited method is a constructor. */
private final boolean isConstructor;
/**
* Whether the super class constructor has been called (if the visited method is a constructor),
* at the current instruction. There can be multiple call sites to the super constructor (e.g. for
* Java code such as {@code super(expr ? value1 : value2);}), in different branches. When scanning
* the bytecode linearly, we can move from one branch where the super constructor has been called
* to another where it has not been called yet. Therefore, this value can change from false to
* true, and vice-versa.
*/
private boolean superClassConstructorCalled;
/**
* The values on the current execution stack frame (long and double are represented by two
* elements). Each value is either {@link #UNINITIALIZED_THIS} (for the uninitialized this value),
* or {@link #OTHER} (for any other value). This field is only maintained for constructors, in
* branches where the super class constructor has not been called yet.
*/
private List<Object> stackFrame;
/**
* The stack map frames corresponding to the labels of the forward jumps made *before* the super
* class constructor has been called (note that the Java Virtual Machine forbids backward jumps
* before the super class constructor is called). Note that by definition (cf. the 'before'), when
* we reach a label from this map, {@link #superClassConstructorCalled} must be reset to false.
* This field is only maintained for constructors.
*/
private Map<Label, List<Object>> forwardJumpStackFrames;
/**
* Constructs a new {@link AdviceAdapter}.
*
* @param api the ASM API version implemented by this visitor. Must be one of {@link
* Opcodes#ASM4}, {@link Opcodes#ASM5}, {@link Opcodes#ASM6} or {@link Opcodes#ASM7}.
* @param methodVisitor the method visitor to which this adapter delegates calls.
* @param access the method's access flags (see {@link Opcodes}).
* @param name the method's name.
* @param descriptor the method's descriptor (see {@link Type Type}).
*/
protected AdviceAdapter(
final int api,
final MethodVisitor methodVisitor,
final int access,
final String name,
final String descriptor) {
super(api, methodVisitor, access, name, descriptor);
methodAccess = access;
methodDesc = descriptor;
isConstructor = "<init>".equals(name);
}
@Override
public void visitCode() {
super.visitCode();
if (isConstructor) {
stackFrame = new ArrayList<Object>();
forwardJumpStackFrames = new HashMap<Label, List<Object>>();
} else {
onMethodEnter();
}
}
@Override
public void visitLabel(final Label label) {
super.visitLabel(label);
if (isConstructor && forwardJumpStackFrames != null) {
List<Object> labelStackFrame = forwardJumpStackFrames.get(label);
if (labelStackFrame != null) {
stackFrame = labelStackFrame;
superClassConstructorCalled = false;
forwardJumpStackFrames.remove(label);
}
}
}
@Override
public void visitInsn(final int opcode) {
if (isConstructor && !superClassConstructorCalled) {
int stackSize;
switch (opcode) {
case IRETURN:
case FRETURN:
case ARETURN:
case LRETURN:
case DRETURN:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid return in constructor");
case RETURN: // empty stack
onMethodExit(opcode);
break;
case ATHROW: // 1 before n/a after
popValue();
onMethodExit(opcode);
break;
case NOP:
case LALOAD: // remove 2 add 2
case DALOAD: // remove 2 add 2
case LNEG:
case DNEG:
case FNEG:
case INEG:
case L2D:
case D2L:
case F2I:
case I2B:
case I2C:
case I2S:
case I2F:
case ARRAYLENGTH:
break;
case ACONST_NULL:
case ICONST_M1:
case ICONST_0:
case ICONST_1:
case ICONST_2:
case ICONST_3:
case ICONST_4:
case ICONST_5:
case FCONST_0:
case FCONST_1:
case FCONST_2:
case F2L: // 1 before 2 after
case F2D:
case I2L:
case I2D:
pushValue(OTHER);
break;
case LCONST_0:
case LCONST_1:
case DCONST_0:
case DCONST_1:
pushValue(OTHER);
pushValue(OTHER);
break;
case IALOAD: // remove 2 add 1
case FALOAD: // remove 2 add 1
case AALOAD: // remove 2 add 1
case BALOAD: // remove 2 add 1
case CALOAD: // remove 2 add 1
case SALOAD: // remove 2 add 1
case POP:
case IADD:
case FADD:
case ISUB:
case LSHL: // 3 before 2 after
case LSHR: // 3 before 2 after
case LUSHR: // 3 before 2 after
case L2I: // 2 before 1 after
case L2F: // 2 before 1 after
case D2I: // 2 before 1 after
case D2F: // 2 before 1 after
case FSUB:
case FMUL:
case FDIV:
case FREM:
case FCMPL: // 2 before 1 after
case FCMPG: // 2 before 1 after
case IMUL:
case IDIV:
case IREM:
case ISHL:
case ISHR:
case IUSHR:
case IAND:
case IOR:
case IXOR:
case MONITORENTER:
case MONITOREXIT:
popValue();
break;
case POP2:
case LSUB:
case LMUL:
case LDIV:
case LREM:
case LADD:
case LAND:
case LOR:
case LXOR:
case DADD:
case DMUL:
case DSUB:
case DDIV:
case DREM:
popValue();
popValue();
break;
case IASTORE:
case FASTORE:
case AASTORE:
case BASTORE:
case CASTORE:
case SASTORE:
case LCMP: // 4 before 1 after
case DCMPL:
case DCMPG:
popValue();
popValue();
popValue();
break;
case LASTORE:
case DASTORE:
popValue();
popValue();
popValue();
popValue();
break;
case DUP:
pushValue(peekValue());
break;
case DUP_X1:
stackSize = stackFrame.size();
stackFrame.add(stackSize - 2, stackFrame.get(stackSize - 1));
break;
case DUP_X2:
stackSize = stackFrame.size();
stackFrame.add(stackSize - 3, stackFrame.get(stackSize - 1));
break;
case DUP2:
stackSize = stackFrame.size();
stackFrame.add(stackSize - 2, stackFrame.get(stackSize - 1));
stackFrame.add(stackSize - 2, stackFrame.get(stackSize - 1));
break;
case DUP2_X1:
stackSize = stackFrame.size();
stackFrame.add(stackSize - 3, stackFrame.get(stackSize - 1));
stackFrame.add(stackSize - 3, stackFrame.get(stackSize - 1));
break;
case DUP2_X2:
stackSize = stackFrame.size();
stackFrame.add(stackSize - 4, stackFrame.get(stackSize - 1));
stackFrame.add(stackSize - 4, stackFrame.get(stackSize - 1));
break;
case SWAP:
stackSize = stackFrame.size();
stackFrame.add(stackSize - 2, stackFrame.get(stackSize - 1));
stackFrame.remove(stackSize);
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException(INVALID_OPCODE + opcode);
}
} else {
switch (opcode) {
case RETURN:
case IRETURN:
case FRETURN:
case ARETURN:
case LRETURN:
case DRETURN:
case ATHROW:
onMethodExit(opcode);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
super.visitInsn(opcode);
}
@Override
public void visitVarInsn(final int opcode, final int var) {
super.visitVarInsn(opcode, var);
if (isConstructor && !superClassConstructorCalled) {
switch (opcode) {
case ILOAD:
case FLOAD:
pushValue(OTHER);
break;
case LLOAD:
case DLOAD:
pushValue(OTHER);
pushValue(OTHER);
break;
case ALOAD:
pushValue(var == 0 ? UNINITIALIZED_THIS : OTHER);
break;
case ASTORE:
case ISTORE:
case FSTORE:
popValue();
break;
case LSTORE:
case DSTORE:
popValue();
popValue();
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException(INVALID_OPCODE + opcode);
}
}
}
@Override
public void visitFieldInsn(
final int opcode, final String owner, final String name, final String descriptor) {
super.visitFieldInsn(opcode, owner, name, descriptor);
if (isConstructor && !superClassConstructorCalled) {
char firstDescriptorChar = descriptor.charAt(0);
boolean longOrDouble = firstDescriptorChar == 'J' || firstDescriptorChar == 'D';
switch (opcode) {
case GETSTATIC:
pushValue(OTHER);
if (longOrDouble) {
pushValue(OTHER);
}
break;
case PUTSTATIC:
popValue();
if (longOrDouble) {
popValue();
}
break;
case PUTFIELD:
popValue();
popValue();
if (longOrDouble) {
popValue();
}
break;
case GETFIELD:
if (longOrDouble) {
pushValue(OTHER);
}
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException(INVALID_OPCODE + opcode);
}
}
}
@Override
public void visitIntInsn(final int opcode, final int operand) {
super.visitIntInsn(opcode, operand);
if (isConstructor && !superClassConstructorCalled && opcode != NEWARRAY) {
pushValue(OTHER);
}
}
@Override
public void visitLdcInsn(final Object value) {
super.visitLdcInsn(value);
if (isConstructor && !superClassConstructorCalled) {
pushValue(OTHER);
if (value instanceof Double
|| value instanceof Long
|| (value instanceof ConstantDynamic && ((ConstantDynamic) value).getSize() == 2)) {
pushValue(OTHER);
}
}
}
@Override
public void visitMultiANewArrayInsn(final String descriptor, final int numDimensions) {
super.visitMultiANewArrayInsn(descriptor, numDimensions);
if (isConstructor && !superClassConstructorCalled) {
for (int i = 0; i < numDimensions; i++) {
popValue();
}
pushValue(OTHER);
}
}
@Override
public void visitTypeInsn(final int opcode, final String type) {
super.visitTypeInsn(opcode, type);
// ANEWARRAY, CHECKCAST or INSTANCEOF don't change stack.
if (isConstructor && !superClassConstructorCalled && opcode == NEW) {
pushValue(OTHER);
}
}
/**
* Deprecated.
*
* @deprecated use {@link #visitMethodInsn(int, String, String, String, boolean)} instead.
*/
@Deprecated
@Override
public void visitMethodInsn(
final int opcode, final String owner, final String name, final String descriptor) {
if (api >= Opcodes.ASM5) {
super.visitMethodInsn(opcode, owner, name, descriptor);
return;
}
mv.visitMethodInsn(opcode, owner, name, descriptor, opcode == Opcodes.INVOKEINTERFACE);
doVisitMethodInsn(opcode, descriptor);
}
@Override
public void visitMethodInsn(
final int opcode,
final String owner,
final String name,
final String descriptor,
final boolean isInterface) {
if (api < Opcodes.ASM5) {
super.visitMethodInsn(opcode, owner, name, descriptor, isInterface);
return;
}
mv.visitMethodInsn(opcode, owner, name, descriptor, isInterface);
doVisitMethodInsn(opcode, descriptor);
}
private void doVisitMethodInsn(final int opcode, final String descriptor) {
if (isConstructor && !superClassConstructorCalled) {
for (Type argumentType : Type.getArgumentTypes(descriptor)) {
popValue();
if (argumentType.getSize() == 2) {
popValue();
}
}
switch (opcode) {
case INVOKEINTERFACE:
case INVOKEVIRTUAL:
popValue();
break;
case INVOKESPECIAL:
Object value = popValue();
if (value == UNINITIALIZED_THIS && !superClassConstructorCalled) {
superClassConstructorCalled = true;
onMethodEnter();
}
break;
default:
break;
}
Type returnType = Type.getReturnType(descriptor);
if (returnType != Type.VOID_TYPE) {
pushValue(OTHER);
if (returnType.getSize() == 2) {
pushValue(OTHER);
}
}
}
}
@Override
public void visitInvokeDynamicInsn(
final String name,
final String descriptor,
final Handle bootstrapMethodHandle,
final Object... bootstrapMethodArguments) {
super.visitInvokeDynamicInsn(name, descriptor, bootstrapMethodHandle, bootstrapMethodArguments);
doVisitMethodInsn(Opcodes.INVOKEDYNAMIC, descriptor);
}
@Override
public void visitJumpInsn(final int opcode, final Label label) {
super.visitJumpInsn(opcode, label);
if (isConstructor && !superClassConstructorCalled) {
switch (opcode) {
case IFEQ:
case IFNE:
case IFLT:
case IFGE:
case IFGT:
case IFLE:
case IFNULL:
case IFNONNULL:
popValue();
break;
case IF_ICMPEQ:
case IF_ICMPNE:
case IF_ICMPLT:
case IF_ICMPGE:
case IF_ICMPGT:
case IF_ICMPLE:
case IF_ACMPEQ:
case IF_ACMPNE:
popValue();
popValue();
break;
case JSR:
pushValue(OTHER);
break;
default:
break;
}
addForwardJump(label);
}
}
@Override
public void visitLookupSwitchInsn(final Label dflt, final int[] keys, final Label[] labels) {
super.visitLookupSwitchInsn(dflt, keys, labels);
if (isConstructor && !superClassConstructorCalled) {
popValue();
addForwardJumps(dflt, labels);
}
}
@Override
public void visitTableSwitchInsn(
final int min, final int max, final Label dflt, final Label... labels) {
super.visitTableSwitchInsn(min, max, dflt, labels);
if (isConstructor && !superClassConstructorCalled) {
popValue();
addForwardJumps(dflt, labels);
}
}
@Override
public void visitTryCatchBlock(
final Label start, final Label end, final Label handler, final String type) {
super.visitTryCatchBlock(start, end, handler, type);
// By definition of 'forwardJumpStackFrames', 'handler' should be pushed only if there is an
// instruction between 'start' and 'end' at which the super class constructor is not yet
// called. Unfortunately, try catch blocks must be visited before their labels, so we have no
// way to know this at this point. Instead, we suppose that the super class constructor has not
// been called at the start of *any* exception handler. If this is wrong, normally there should
// not be a second super class constructor call in the exception handler (an object can't be
// initialized twice), so this is not issue (in the sense that there is no risk to emit a wrong
// 'onMethodEnter').
if (isConstructor && !forwardJumpStackFrames.containsKey(handler)) {
List<Object> handlerStackFrame = new ArrayList<Object>();
handlerStackFrame.add(OTHER);
forwardJumpStackFrames.put(handler, handlerStackFrame);
}
}
private void addForwardJumps(final Label dflt, final Label[] labels) {
addForwardJump(dflt);
for (Label label : labels) {
addForwardJump(label);
}
}
private void addForwardJump(final Label label) {
if (forwardJumpStackFrames.containsKey(label)) {
return;
}
forwardJumpStackFrames.put(label, new ArrayList<Object>(stackFrame));
}
private Object popValue() {
return stackFrame.remove(stackFrame.size() - 1);
}
private Object peekValue() {
return stackFrame.get(stackFrame.size() - 1);
}
private void pushValue(final Object value) {
stackFrame.add(value);
}
/**
* Generates the "before" advice for the visited method. The default implementation of this method
* does nothing. Subclasses can use or change all the local variables, but should not change state
* of the stack. This method is called at the beginning of the method or after super class
* constructor has been called (in constructors).
*/
protected void onMethodEnter() {}
/**
* Generates the "after" advice for the visited method. The default implementation of this method
* does nothing. Subclasses can use or change all the local variables, but should not change state
* of the stack. This method is called at the end of the method, just before return and athrow
* instructions. The top element on the stack contains the return value or the exception instance.
* For example:
*
* <pre>
* public void onMethodExit(final int opcode) {
* if (opcode == RETURN) {
* visitInsn(ACONST_NULL);
* } else if (opcode == ARETURN || opcode == ATHROW) {
* dup();
* } else {
* if (opcode == LRETURN || opcode == DRETURN) {
* dup2();
* } else {
* dup();
* }
* box(Type.getReturnType(this.methodDesc));
* }
* visitIntInsn(SIPUSH, opcode);
* visitMethodInsn(INVOKESTATIC, owner, "onExit", "(Ljava/lang/Object;I)V");
* }
*
* // An actual call back method.
* public static void onExit(final Object exitValue, final int opcode) {
* ...
* }
* </pre>
*
* @param opcode one of {@link Opcodes#RETURN}, {@link Opcodes#IRETURN}, {@link Opcodes#FRETURN},
* {@link Opcodes#ARETURN}, {@link Opcodes#LRETURN}, {@link Opcodes#DRETURN} or {@link
* Opcodes#ATHROW}.
*/
protected void onMethodExit(final int opcode) {}
}