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aria-label="Home page" class="breadcrumbs__link" href="/"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT"><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></a></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">Connecting to Databases</span><meta itemprop="position" content="1"></li><li itemscope="" itemprop="itemListElement" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class="breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="name">Extra Database Settings</span><meta itemprop="position" content="2"></li></ul></nav><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="extra-database-settings">Extra Database Settings<a href="#extra-database-settings" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Extra Database Settings" title="Direct link to Extra Database Settings"></a></h2><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="deeper-sqlalchemy-integration">Deeper SQLAlchemy Integration<a href="#deeper-sqlalchemy-integration" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Deeper SQLAlchemy Integration" title="Direct link to Deeper SQLAlchemy Integration"></a></h3><p>It is possible to tweak the database connection information using the parameters exposed by |
| SQLAlchemy. In the <strong>Database edit</strong> view, you can edit the <strong>Extra</strong> field as a JSON blob.</p><p>This JSON string contains extra configuration elements. The <code>engine_params</code> object gets unpacked |
| into the <code>sqlalchemy.create_engine</code> call, while the <code>metadata_params</code> get unpacked into the |
| <code>sqlalchemy.MetaData</code> call. Refer to the SQLAlchemy docs for more information.</p><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="schemas">Schemas<a href="#schemas" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Schemas" title="Direct link to Schemas"></a></h3><p>Databases like Postgres and Redshift use the <strong>schema</strong> as the logical entity on top of the |
| <strong>database</strong>. For Superset to connect to a specific schema, you can set the <strong>schema</strong> parameter in |
| the <strong>Edit Tables</strong> form (Sources > Tables > Edit record).</p><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="external-password-store-for-sqlalchemy-connections">External Password Store for SQLAlchemy Connections<a href="#external-password-store-for-sqlalchemy-connections" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to External Password Store for SQLAlchemy Connections" title="Direct link to External Password Store for SQLAlchemy Connections"></a></h3><p>Superset can be configured to use an external store for database passwords. This is useful if you a |
| running a custom secret distribution framework and do not wish to store secrets in Superset’s meta |
| database.</p><p>Example: Write a function that takes a single argument of type <code>sqla.engine.url</code> and returns the |
| password for the given connection string. Then set <code>SQLALCHEMY_CUSTOM_PASSWORD_STORE</code> in your config |
| file to point to that function.</p><div class="language-python codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-python codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">def</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">example_lookup_password</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">url</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> secret </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34"><<</span><span class="token plain">get password </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">from</span><span class="token plain"> external framework</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">>></span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">return</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">'secret'</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">SQLALCHEMY_CUSTOM_PASSWORD_STORE </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> example_lookup_password</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>A common pattern is to use environment variables to make secrets available. |
| <code>SQLALCHEMY_CUSTOM_PASSWORD_STORE</code> can also be used for that purpose.</p><div class="language-python codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-python codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">def</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:#d73a49">example_password_as_env_var</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">url</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic"># assuming the uri looks like</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic"># mysql://localhost?superset_user:{SUPERSET_PASSWORD}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">return</span><span class="token plain"> url</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">password</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token plain">os</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">.</span><span class="token plain">environ</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">SQLALCHEMY_CUSTOM_PASSWORD_STORE </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> example_password_as_env_var</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="ssl-access-to-databases">SSL Access to Databases<a href="#ssl-access-to-databases" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to SSL Access to Databases" title="Direct link to SSL Access to Databases"></a></h3><p>You can use the <code>Extra</code> field in the <strong>Edit Databases</strong> form to configure SSL:</p><div class="language-JSON codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-JSON codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">{</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> "metadata_params": {},</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> "engine_params": {</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> "connect_args":{</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> "sslmode":"require",</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> "sslrootcert": "/path/to/my/pem"</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> }</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> }</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/apache/superset/tree/master/docs/docs/databases/extra-settings.mdx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_vwxv"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages navigation"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/docs/databases/firebolt"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">Firebolt</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/docs/databases/kusto"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">kusto</div></a></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar theme-doc-toc-desktop"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#extra-database-settings" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Extra Database Settings</a><ul><li><a href="#deeper-sqlalchemy-integration" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Deeper SQLAlchemy Integration</a></li><li><a href="#schemas" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">Schemas</a></li><li><a href="#external-password-store-for-sqlalchemy-connections" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">External Password Store for SQLAlchemy Connections</a></li><li><a href="#ssl-access-to-databases" 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