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 <article class="container">
   <section class="col-md-12">
     <a class="edit-on-gh" href="https://github.com/apache/struts-site/edit/master/source/getting-started/preperable-interface.md" title="Edit this page on GitHub">Edit on GitHub</a>

     <a href="index.html" title="back to Getting started"><< back to Getting started</a>

     <h1 class="no_toc" id="preparable-interface">Preparable Interface</h1>

 <ul id="markdown-toc">
   <li><a href="#introduction" id="markdown-toc-introduction">Introduction</a></li>
   <li><a href="#preparable-interface-1" id="markdown-toc-preparable-interface-1">Preparable Interface</a></li>
   <li><a href="#example-application" id="markdown-toc-example-application">Example Application</a></li>
   <li><a href="#summary" id="markdown-toc-summary">Summary</a></li>
 </ul>

 <p>The example code for this tutorial, <strong>preparable-interface</strong>, is available at <a href="https://github.com/apache/struts-examples">struts-examples</a>.</p>

 <h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>

 <p>Often the data used to populate a form control is dynamically generated, perhaps from a database. When the user submits
 the form, the Struts 2 validation interceptor attempts to validate the user’s form input. If validation fails the Struts 2
 framework returns the value <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">input</code> but the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">input</code> action is not re-executed. Rather the view associated with the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">input</code>
 result is rendered to the user. Usually this view is the page that displayed the original form.</p>

 <p>This work-flow can cause a problem if one or more of the form fields or some other data displayed depends on a dynamic
 look-up that that is accomplished in the Action class’s input method. Since the Action class’s input method is not
 re-executed when validation fails, the view page may no longer have access to the correct information to create the form
 or other display information.</p>

 <p>The <a href="http://struts.apache.org/mail">Struts 2 user mailing list</a> is an excellent place to get help. If you are having
 a problem getting the tutorial example applications to work search the Struts 2 mailing list. If you don’t find an answer
 to your problem, post a question on the mailing list.</p>

 <h2 id="preparable-interface-1">Preparable Interface</h2>

 <p>Struts 2 provides the <a href="../maven/struts2-core/apidocs/com/opensymphony/xwork2/Preparable">Preparable interface</a>
 to overcome this problem. An Action class that implements this interface must override the prepare method. The <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">prepare</code>
 method will always be called by the Struts 2 framework’s <a href="../core-developers/prepare-interceptor">prepare interceptor</a>
 whenever any method is called for the Action class and also when validation fails before the view is rendered.</p>

 <p>In the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">prepare</code> method you should put any statements that must be executed no matter what other Action class method will
 be called and also statements that should be executed if validation fails. Usually statements in the prepare method set
 the value for Action class instance fields that will be used to populate form controls and get the values that will be
 used to set the initial form field values.</p>

 <p>In addition to automatically running the prepare method the <a href="../core-developers/prepare-interceptor">prepare interceptor</a>
 will also call a method named <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">prepare&lt;ActionMethodName&gt;</code>. For example, define a prepare method and a <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">prepareInput</code> method
 in the Action class that implements <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Preparable</code>. When the Struts 2 framework calls the input method, the prepare interceptor
 will call the prepareInput and the prepare methods before calling the input method.</p>

 <h2 id="example-application">Example Application</h2>

 <p>If you examine class EditAction in the example application (see above) you’ll see that it implements the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Preparable</code> interface.
 In the prepare method is this code:</p>

 <p><strong>EditAction.java prepare Method</strong></p>

 <div class="language-java highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">carModelsAvailable</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">carModelsService</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getCarModels</span><span class="o">();</span>

 <span class="n">setPersonBean</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="n">editService</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getPerson</span><span class="o">());</span>
 </code></pre></div></div>

 <p>The above statements get the car model values used to populate the car model check boxes displayed in the form and also
 get the information about the Person object being edited.</p>

 <p>When you run the example application, look in the log to see when the prepare method is called in relation to the input
 and execute methods. Running the example application and examining the log should help you understand the impact of implementing
 the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Preparable</code> interface and the prepare method.</p>

 <h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>

 <p>When your application requires specific statements to be executed no matter which method of the Action class is called
 or when validation fails, you should implement the Preparable interface and override the prepare method.</p>

 <table>
   <tbody>
     <tr>
       <td>Return to <a href="http-session">HTTP Session</a></td>
       <td>or</td>
       <td>onward to <a href="exclude-parameters">Exclude Parameters</a></td>
     </tr>
   </tbody>
 </table>

   </section>
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	<article class="container">
	<section class="col-md-12">
	<a class="edit-on-gh" href="https://github.com/apache/struts-site/edit/master/source/getting-started/preperable-interface.md" title="Edit this page on GitHub">Edit on GitHub</a>

	<a href="index.html" title="back to Getting started"><< back to Getting started</a>

	<h1 class="no_toc" id="preparable-interface">Preparable Interface</h1>

	<ul id="markdown-toc">
	<li><a href="#introduction" id="markdown-toc-introduction">Introduction</a></li>
	<li><a href="#preparable-interface-1" id="markdown-toc-preparable-interface-1">Preparable Interface</a></li>
	<li><a href="#example-application" id="markdown-toc-example-application">Example Application</a></li>
	<li><a href="#summary" id="markdown-toc-summary">Summary</a></li>
	</ul>

	<p>The example code for this tutorial, <strong>preparable-interface</strong>, is available at <a href="https://github.com/apache/struts-examples">struts-examples</a>.</p>

	<h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>

	<p>Often the data used to populate a form control is dynamically generated, perhaps from a database. When the user submits
	the form, the Struts 2 validation interceptor attempts to validate the user’s form input. If validation fails the Struts 2
	framework returns the value <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">input</code> but the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">input</code> action is not re-executed. Rather the view associated with the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">input</code>
	result is rendered to the user. Usually this view is the page that displayed the original form.</p>

	<p>This work-flow can cause a problem if one or more of the form fields or some other data displayed depends on a dynamic
	look-up that that is accomplished in the Action class’s input method. Since the Action class’s input method is not
	re-executed when validation fails, the view page may no longer have access to the correct information to create the form
	or other display information.</p>

	<p>The <a href="http://struts.apache.org/mail">Struts 2 user mailing list</a> is an excellent place to get help. If you are having
	a problem getting the tutorial example applications to work search the Struts 2 mailing list. If you don’t find an answer
	to your problem, post a question on the mailing list.</p>

	<h2 id="preparable-interface-1">Preparable Interface</h2>

	<p>Struts 2 provides the <a href="../maven/struts2-core/apidocs/com/opensymphony/xwork2/Preparable">Preparable interface</a>
	to overcome this problem. An Action class that implements this interface must override the prepare method. The <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">prepare</code>
	method will always be called by the Struts 2 framework’s <a href="../core-developers/prepare-interceptor">prepare interceptor</a>
	whenever any method is called for the Action class and also when validation fails before the view is rendered.</p>

	<p>In the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">prepare</code> method you should put any statements that must be executed no matter what other Action class method will
	be called and also statements that should be executed if validation fails. Usually statements in the prepare method set
	the value for Action class instance fields that will be used to populate form controls and get the values that will be
	used to set the initial form field values.</p>

	<p>In addition to automatically running the prepare method the <a href="../core-developers/prepare-interceptor">prepare interceptor</a>
	will also call a method named <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">prepare<ActionMethodName></code>. For example, define a prepare method and a <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">prepareInput</code> method
	in the Action class that implements <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Preparable</code>. When the Struts 2 framework calls the input method, the prepare interceptor
	will call the prepareInput and the prepare methods before calling the input method.</p>

	<h2 id="example-application">Example Application</h2>

	<p>If you examine class EditAction in the example application (see above) you’ll see that it implements the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Preparable</code> interface.
	In the prepare method is this code:</p>

	<p><strong>EditAction.java prepare Method</strong></p>

	<div class="language-java highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">carModelsAvailable</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">carModelsService</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getCarModels</span><span class="o">();</span>

	<span class="n">setPersonBean</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="n">editService</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getPerson</span><span class="o">());</span>
	</code></pre></div></div>

	<p>The above statements get the car model values used to populate the car model check boxes displayed in the form and also
	get the information about the Person object being edited.</p>

	<p>When you run the example application, look in the log to see when the prepare method is called in relation to the input
	and execute methods. Running the example application and examining the log should help you understand the impact of implementing
	the <code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">Preparable</code> interface and the prepare method.</p>

	<h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>

	<p>When your application requires specific statements to be executed no matter which method of the Action class is called
	or when validation fails, you should implement the Preparable interface and override the prepare method.</p>

	<table>
	<tbody>
	<tr>
	<td>Return to <a href="http-session">HTTP Session</a></td>
	<td>or</td>
	<td>onward to <a href="exclude-parameters">Exclude Parameters</a></td>
	</tr>
	</tbody>
	</table>

	</section>
	</article>


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