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     <a class="edit-on-gh" href="https://github.com/apache/struts-site/edit/master/source/core-developers/accessing-application-session-request-objects.md" title="Edit this page on GitHub">Edit on GitHub</a>

     <a href="index.html" title="back to Core Developers Guide"><< back to Core Developers Guide</a>

     <h1 id="accessing-application-session-request-objects">Accessing application, session, request objects</h1>

 <p><strong>DEPRECATED???</strong></p>

 <p>The framework provides several access helpers to access Session, Application, Request scopes.</p>

 <h2 id="accessing-from-java">Accessing from Java</h2>

 <p>All the JEE scope attribute maps can be accessed via <code class="highlighter-rouge">ActionContext</code>.</p>

 <p><strong>Accessing servlet scopes</strong></p>

 <div class="language-java highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">Map</span> <span class="n">attr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">(</span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">)</span> <span class="n">ActionContext</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getContext</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"attr"</span><span class="o">);</span>
 <span class="n">attr</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"myId"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="n">myProp</span><span class="o">);</span>  <span class="c1">// Page scope.</span>

 <span class="n">Map</span> <span class="n">application</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">(</span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">)</span> <span class="n">ActionContext</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getContext</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"application"</span><span class="o">);</span>
 <span class="n">application</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"myId"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="n">myProp</span><span class="o">);</span>

 <span class="n">Map</span> <span class="n">session</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">(</span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">)</span> <span class="n">ActionContext</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getContext</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"session"</span><span class="o">);</span>
 <span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"myId"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="n">myProp</span><span class="o">);</span>

 <span class="n">Map</span> <span class="n">request</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">(</span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">)</span> <span class="n">ActionContext</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getContext</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"request"</span><span class="o">);</span>
 <span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"myId"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="n">myProp</span><span class="o">);</span>
 </code></pre></div></div>

 <blockquote>
   <p>Do not use <code class="highlighter-rouge">ActionContext.getContext()</code> in the constructor of your Action class. The values may not be set up, and
 the call may return null for getSession().</p>
 </blockquote>

 <p>We can also access the <code class="highlighter-rouge">HttpServletRequest</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">HttpServletResponse</code> objects themselves through <code class="highlighter-rouge">ServletActionContext</code>.
 In general this isn’t recommended as it will tie our action to the servlet specification.</p>

 <p><strong>Setting session attribute through session object</strong></p>

 <div class="language-java highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">ServletActionContext</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getRequest</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">getSession</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"myId"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="n">myProp</span><span class="o">);</span>
 </code></pre></div></div>

 <p>Implementing <code class="highlighter-rouge">ServletRequestAware</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">ServletResponseAware</code>, combined with the <code class="highlighter-rouge">servletConfig</code> interceptor,
 is an alternative way to access the request and response objects, with the same caveat.</p>

 <h2 id="accessing-from-the-view-jsp-freemarker-etc">Accessing from the view (JSP, FreeMarker, etc.)</h2>

 <p>Request and session attributes are accessed via OGNL using the <code class="highlighter-rouge">#session</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">#request</code> stack values.
 Page attributes are accessed via OGNL using the <code class="highlighter-rouge">#attr</code> stack value, and Application attributes via
 the <code class="highlighter-rouge">#application</code> stack value.</p>

 <p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">#attr</code> stack value will search the <code class="highlighter-rouge">javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext</code> for the specified key. If the <code class="highlighter-rouge">PageContext</code>
 doesn’t exist, it will search the request, session, and application scopes, in that order.</p>

 <p><strong>Accessing attributes in the Application, Session, Request, or Page scope from a JSP</strong></p>

 <pre><code class="language-jsp">&lt;p&gt;Retrieve the attribute (property), with key myId, from the specified scope:&lt;/p&gt;

 &lt;s:property value="#application.myId" /&gt;

 &lt;s:property value="#session.myId" /&gt;

 &lt;s:property value="#request.myId" /&gt;

 &lt;s:property value="#attr.myId" /&gt;

 &lt;p&gt;Reminder: #attr is for Page scope attributes first, but will search the remaining scopes, in order, seeking a match.&lt;/p&gt;
 </code></pre>

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	<a class="edit-on-gh" href="https://github.com/apache/struts-site/edit/master/source/core-developers/accessing-application-session-request-objects.md" title="Edit this page on GitHub">Edit on GitHub</a>

	<a href="index.html" title="back to Core Developers Guide"><< back to Core Developers Guide</a>

	<h1 id="accessing-application-session-request-objects">Accessing application, session, request objects</h1>

	<p><strong>DEPRECATED???</strong></p>

	<p>The framework provides several access helpers to access Session, Application, Request scopes.</p>

	<h2 id="accessing-from-java">Accessing from Java</h2>

	<p>All the JEE scope attribute maps can be accessed via <code class="highlighter-rouge">ActionContext</code>.</p>

	<p><strong>Accessing servlet scopes</strong></p>

	<div class="language-java highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">Map</span> <span class="n">attr</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">(</span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">)</span> <span class="n">ActionContext</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getContext</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"attr"</span><span class="o">);</span>
	<span class="n">attr</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"myId"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="n">myProp</span><span class="o">);</span> <span class="c1">// Page scope.</span>

	<span class="n">Map</span> <span class="n">application</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">(</span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">)</span> <span class="n">ActionContext</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getContext</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"application"</span><span class="o">);</span>
	<span class="n">application</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"myId"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="n">myProp</span><span class="o">);</span>

	<span class="n">Map</span> <span class="n">session</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">(</span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">)</span> <span class="n">ActionContext</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getContext</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"session"</span><span class="o">);</span>
	<span class="n">session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"myId"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="n">myProp</span><span class="o">);</span>

	<span class="n">Map</span> <span class="n">request</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">(</span><span class="n">Map</span><span class="o">)</span> <span class="n">ActionContext</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getContext</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">get</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"request"</span><span class="o">);</span>
	<span class="n">request</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"myId"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="n">myProp</span><span class="o">);</span>
	</code></pre></div></div>

	<blockquote>
	<p>Do not use <code class="highlighter-rouge">ActionContext.getContext()</code> in the constructor of your Action class. The values may not be set up, and
	the call may return null for getSession().</p>
	</blockquote>

	<p>We can also access the <code class="highlighter-rouge">HttpServletRequest</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">HttpServletResponse</code> objects themselves through <code class="highlighter-rouge">ServletActionContext</code>.
	In general this isn’t recommended as it will tie our action to the servlet specification.</p>

	<p><strong>Setting session attribute through session object</strong></p>

	<div class="language-java highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">ServletActionContext</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getRequest</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">getSession</span><span class="o">().</span><span class="na">put</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"myId"</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="n">myProp</span><span class="o">);</span>
	</code></pre></div></div>

	<p>Implementing <code class="highlighter-rouge">ServletRequestAware</code> or <code class="highlighter-rouge">ServletResponseAware</code>, combined with the <code class="highlighter-rouge">servletConfig</code> interceptor,
	is an alternative way to access the request and response objects, with the same caveat.</p>

	<h2 id="accessing-from-the-view-jsp-freemarker-etc">Accessing from the view (JSP, FreeMarker, etc.)</h2>

	<p>Request and session attributes are accessed via OGNL using the <code class="highlighter-rouge">#session</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">#request</code> stack values.
	Page attributes are accessed via OGNL using the <code class="highlighter-rouge">#attr</code> stack value, and Application attributes via
	the <code class="highlighter-rouge">#application</code> stack value.</p>

	<p>The <code class="highlighter-rouge">#attr</code> stack value will search the <code class="highlighter-rouge">javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext</code> for the specified key. If the <code class="highlighter-rouge">PageContext</code>
	doesn’t exist, it will search the request, session, and application scopes, in that order.</p>

	<p><strong>Accessing attributes in the Application, Session, Request, or Page scope from a JSP</strong></p>

	<pre><code class="language-jsp"><p>Retrieve the attribute (property), with key myId, from the specified scope:</p>

	<s:property value="#application.myId" />

	<s:property value="#session.myId" />

	<s:property value="#request.myId" />

	<s:property value="#attr.myId" />

	<p>Reminder: #attr is for Page scope attributes first, but will search the remaining scopes, in order, seeking a match.</p>
	</code></pre>

	</section>
	</article>


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