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| <TITLE>set_symmetric_difference()</TITLE> |
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| <H2>set_symmetric_difference()</H2> |
| <P><B>Library:</B> <A HREF="2-9.html">Algorithms</A></P> |
| |
| <PRE><HR><B><I>Function</I></B><HR></PRE> |
| |
| <UL> |
| <LI><A HREF="#sec1">Local Index</A></LI> |
| <LI><A HREF="#sec2">Summary</A></LI> |
| <LI><A HREF="#sec3">Synopsis</A></LI> |
| <LI><A HREF="#sec4">Description</A></LI> |
| <LI><A HREF="#sec5">Complexity</A></LI> |
| <LI><A HREF="#sec6">Example</A></LI> |
| <LI><A HREF="#sec7">See Also</A></LI> |
| <LI><A HREF="#sec8">Standards Conformance</A></LI> |
| </UL> |
| <A NAME="sec1"><H3>Local Index</H3></A> |
| No Entries |
| <A NAME="sec2"><H3>Summary</H3></A> |
| <P>A basic set operation (algorithm) for constructing a sorted symmetric difference</P> |
| <A NAME="sec3"><H3>Synopsis</H3></A> |
| |
| <PRE>#include <algorithm> |
| |
| namespace std { |
| template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, |
| class OutputIterator> |
| OutputIterator |
| set_symmetric_difference(InputIterator1 start1, |
| InputIterator1 finish1, |
| InputIterator2 start2, |
| InputIterator2 finish2, |
| OutputIterator result); |
| |
| template <class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, |
| class OutputIterator, class Compare> |
| OutputIterator |
| set_symmetric_difference(InputIterator1 start1, |
| InputIterator1 finish1, |
| InputIterator2 start2, |
| InputIterator2 finish2, |
| OutputIterator result, |
| Compare comp); |
| } |
| </PRE> |
| <A NAME="sec4"><H3>Description</H3></A> |
| <P>The algorithm <SAMP>set_symmetric_difference()</SAMP> constructs a sorted symmetric difference of the elements from the two ranges. This means that the constructed range includes copies of the elements that are present in the range <SAMP>[start1, finish1)</SAMP> (but not present in the range <SAMP>[start2, finish2)</SAMP>) <I>and</I> copies of the elements that are present in the range <SAMP>[start2, finish2)</SAMP> (but not in the range <SAMP>[start1, finish1)</SAMP>). It returns the end of the constructed range. </P> |
| <P>For example, suppose we have two sets:</P> |
| <P><SAMP>1 2 3 4 5</SAMP></P> |
| <P>and</P> |
| <P><SAMP>3 4 5 6 7</SAMP></P> |
| <P>The <SAMP>set_symmetric_difference()</SAMP> of these two sets is:</P> |
| <P><SAMP>1 2 6 7</SAMP></P> |
| <P>The result of <SAMP>set_symmetric_difference()</SAMP> is undefined if the result range overlaps with either of the original ranges. </P> |
| <P><SAMP>set_symmetric_difference()</SAMP> assumes that the ranges are sorted using <SAMP>operator<()</SAMP>, unless an alternative comparison function object (<SAMP>comp</SAMP>) is provided. </P> |
| <P>Use the <SAMP>set_symmetric_difference()</SAMP> algorithm to obtain a result that includes elements that are present in the first set and not in the second.</P> |
| <A NAME="sec5"><H3>Complexity</H3></A> |
| <P>At most <SAMP>((finish1 - start1) + (finish2 - start2)) * 2 -1</SAMP> comparisons are performed.</P> |
| <A NAME="sec6"><H3>Example</H3></A> |
| |
| <UL><PRE>// |
| // set_s_di.cpp |
| // |
| |
| #include <algorithm> |
| #include <set> |
| #include <iostream> |
| |
| int main () |
| { |
| #ifndef _RWSTD_NO_NAMESPACE |
| using namespace std; |
| #endif |
| |
| |
| // Initialize some sets. |
| |
| int a1[] = {1,3,5,7,9,11}; |
| int a3[] = {3,5,7,8}; |
| set<int, less<int>,allocator<int> > odd(a1+0, a1+6), |
| result, |
| smalll(a3+0, a3+4); |
| |
| // Create an insert_iterator for result. |
| |
| insert_iterator<set<int, less<int>,allocator<int> > > |
| res_ins(result, result.begin()); |
| |
| // Demonstrate set_symmetric_difference. |
| |
| cout << "The symmetric difference of:" << endl << "{"; |
| copy(smalll.begin(),smalll.end(), |
| ostream_iterator<int,char,char_traits<char> > |
| (cout," ")); |
| cout << "} with {"; |
| copy(odd.begin(),odd.end(), |
| ostream_iterator<int,char,char_traits<char> > |
| (cout," ")); |
| cout << "} =" << endl << "{"; |
| set_symmetric_difference(smalll.begin(), smalll.end(), |
| odd.begin(), odd.end(), res_ins); |
| copy(result.begin(),result.end(), |
| ostream_iterator<int,char,char_traits<char> > |
| (cout," ")); |
| cout << "}" << endl << endl; |
| |
| return 0; |
| } |
| |
| |
| Program Output: |
| </PRE></UL> |
| <UL><PRE>The symmetric difference of: |
| {3 5 7 8 } with {1 3 5 7 9 11 } = |
| {1 8 9 11 } |
| |
| </PRE></UL> |
| <A NAME="sec7"><H3>See Also</H3></A> |
| <P><SAMP><A HREF="includes.html">includes()</A></SAMP>, <A HREF="iterators.html">Iterators</A>, <SAMP><A HREF="set-union.html">set_union()</A></SAMP>, <SAMP><A HREF="set-intersection.html">set_intersection()</A></SAMP>, <SAMP><A HREF="set-difference.html">set_difference()</A></SAMP></P> |
| <A NAME="sec8"><H3>Standards Conformance</H3></A> |
| <P><I>ISO/IEC 14882:1998 -- International Standard for Information Systems -- Programming Language C++, Section 25.3.5.5</I></P> |
| |
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