| <!-- |
| Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more |
| contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed |
| with this work for additional information regarding copyright |
| ownership. The ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache |
| License, Version 2.0 (the License); you may not use this file |
| except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of |
| the License at |
| |
| http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| |
| Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software |
| distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, |
| WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or |
| implied. See the License for the specific language governing |
| permissions and limitations under the License. |
| |
| Copyright 1999-2007 Rogue Wave Software, Inc. |
| --> |
| |
| <HTML> |
| <HEAD> |
| <TITLE>Non-Member Functions</TITLE> |
| <LINK REL=StyleSheet HREF="../rw.css" TYPE="text/css" TITLE="Apache stdcxx Stylesheet"></HEAD> |
| <BODY BGCOLOR=#FFFFFF> |
| <A HREF="22-6.html"><IMG SRC="images/bprev.gif" WIDTH=20 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Previous file" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="noframes.html"><IMG SRC="images/btop.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Top of Document" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="booktoc.html"><IMG SRC="images/btoc.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Contents" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="tindex.html"><IMG SRC="images/bindex.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Index page" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="VII.html"><IMG SRC="images/bnext.gif" WIDTH=25 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Next file" BORDER=O></A><DIV CLASS="DOCUMENTNAME"><B>Apache C++ Standard Library User's Guide</B></DIV> |
| <H2>22.7 Non-Member Functions</H2> |
| <A NAME="2271"><H3>22.7.1 Binary Operators</H3></A> |
| <A NAME="idx472"><!></A> |
| <P>Class <B><I><A HREF="../stdlibref/valarray.html">valarray</A></I></B> provides a large block of binary operators that allow a program to apply these operators to two <B><I>valarray</I></B>s or to a <B><I>valarray</I></B> and a <SAMP>T</SAMP> value, where the <SAMP>T</SAMP> can occur on the left- or right-hand side of the expression. As you'd expect, these operators do not modify either of their arguments, but instead return a new <B><I>valarray</I></B> containing the result of the operation. Each version that takes two <B><I>valarray</I></B> arguments returns the result of applying the operation to the corresponding elements of the arrays. The versions with a <SAMP>T&</SAMP> argument return a <B><I>valarray</I></B> whose elements result from applying the operation to each element in the <B><I>valarray</I></B> argument along with the <SAMP>T&</SAMP> argument. See the <B><I>valarray</I></B> entry in the <A HREF="../stdlibref/noframes.html"><I>Apache C++ Standard Library Reference Guide</I></A> for a complete list of binary operators.</P> |
| <P>Arithmetic and bitwise operators return a <B><I><A HREF="../stdlibref/valarray.html">valarray</A></I></B> of <SAMP>T</SAMP>. Logical operators return a <B><I>valarray<bool></I></B>, where each element represents the comparison of corresponding elements in two <B><I>valarray</I></B>s or the comparison of each element in an array with a particular value. For example:</P> |
| |
| <UL><PRE> |
| int a[3] = {1,2,3}; |
| int b[3] = {0,1,4}; |
| std::valarray<int> v1(a,3); |
| std::valarray<int> v2(b,3); |
| std::valarray<int> v3(0,3); |
| std::valarray<bool> v4(false,3); |
| v3 = v1 + v2; // v3 = {1,3,7} |
| v4 = v1 == v2; // v4 = {false,false,false} |
| v4 = v1 < v2; // v4 = {false,false,true} |
| </PRE></UL> |
| <A NAME="2272"><H3>22.7.2 Transcendental Functions</H3></A> |
| <A NAME="idx473"><!></A> |
| <P>Class <B><I><A HREF="../stdlibref/valarray.html">valarray</A></I></B> also provides 20 transcendental functions, four of which are overloads. Each function returns a new <B><I>valarray</I></B> that contains elements resulting from the application of the transcendental function to each element in the <B><I>valarray</I></B> passed as an argument. See the <B><I>valarray</I></B> entry in the <A HREF="../stdlibref/noframes.html"><I>Apache C++ Standard Library Reference Guide</I></A> for a complete list of transcendental functions. </P> |
| <P>The following example squares each of the elements of an array:</P> |
| |
| <UL><PRE> |
| using std::pow; |
| |
| float a[3] = {2.0, 4.0, 16.0}; |
| std::valarray<float> v(a,3); // v = {2.0, 4.0, 16.0} |
| std::valarray<float> v2(0.0,3); // v2 = {0.0, 0.0, 0.0} |
| v2 = std::pow(v,2.0); // v2 = {4.0, 16.0, 256.0 } |
| </PRE></UL> |
| |
| |
| <BR> |
| <HR> |
| <A HREF="22-6.html"><IMG SRC="images/bprev.gif" WIDTH=20 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Previous file" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="noframes.html"><IMG SRC="images/btop.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Top of Document" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="booktoc.html"><IMG SRC="images/btoc.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Contents" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="tindex.html"><IMG SRC="images/bindex.gif" WIDTH=56 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Index page" BORDER=O></A><A HREF="VII.html"><IMG SRC="images/bnext.gif" WIDTH=20 HEIGHT=21 ALT="Next file" BORDER=O></A> |
| |
| <!-- Google Analytics tracking code --> |
| <script src="http://www.google-analytics.com/urchin.js" type="text/javascript"> |
| </script> |
| <script type="text/javascript"> |
| _uacct = "UA-1775151-1"; |
| urchinTracker(); |
| </script> |
| <!-- end of Google Analytics tracking code --> |
| |
| </BODY> |
| </HTML> |