python/pyspark/ml/pipeline.py

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from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod

from pyspark import since
from pyspark.ml.param import Param, Params
from pyspark.ml.util import keyword_only
from pyspark.mllib.common import inherit_doc


@inherit_doc
class Estimator(Params):
    """
    Abstract class for estimators that fit models to data.

    .. versionadded:: 1.3.0
    """

    __metaclass__ = ABCMeta

    @abstractmethod
    def _fit(self, dataset):
        """
        Fits a model to the input dataset. This is called by the
        default implementation of fit.

        :param dataset: input dataset, which is an instance of
                        :py:class:`pyspark.sql.DataFrame`
        :returns: fitted model
        """
        raise NotImplementedError()

    @since("1.3.0")
    def fit(self, dataset, params=None):
        """
        Fits a model to the input dataset with optional parameters.

        :param dataset: input dataset, which is an instance of
                        :py:class:`pyspark.sql.DataFrame`
        :param params: an optional param map that overrides embedded
                       params. If a list/tuple of param maps is given,
                       this calls fit on each param map and returns a
                       list of models.
        :returns: fitted model(s)
        """
        if params is None:
            params = dict()
        if isinstance(params, (list, tuple)):
            return [self.fit(dataset, paramMap) for paramMap in params]
        elif isinstance(params, dict):
            if params:
                return self.copy(params)._fit(dataset)
            else:
                return self._fit(dataset)
        else:
            raise ValueError("Params must be either a param map or a list/tuple of param maps, "
                             "but got %s." % type(params))


@inherit_doc
class Transformer(Params):
    """
    Abstract class for transformers that transform one dataset into
    another.

    .. versionadded:: 1.3.0
    """

    __metaclass__ = ABCMeta

    @abstractmethod
    def _transform(self, dataset):
        """
        Transforms the input dataset with optional parameters.

        :param dataset: input dataset, which is an instance of
                        :py:class:`pyspark.sql.DataFrame`
        :returns: transformed dataset
        """
        raise NotImplementedError()

    @since("1.3.0")
    def transform(self, dataset, params=None):
        """
        Transforms the input dataset with optional parameters.

        :param dataset: input dataset, which is an instance of
                        :py:class:`pyspark.sql.DataFrame`
        :param params: an optional param map that overrides embedded
                       params.
        :returns: transformed dataset
        """
        if params is None:
            params = dict()
        if isinstance(params, dict):
            if params:
                return self.copy(params,)._transform(dataset)
            else:
                return self._transform(dataset)
        else:
            raise ValueError("Params must be either a param map but got %s." % type(params))


@inherit_doc
class Model(Transformer):
    """
    Abstract class for models that are fitted by estimators.

    .. versionadded:: 1.4.0
    """

    __metaclass__ = ABCMeta


@inherit_doc
class Pipeline(Estimator):
    """
    A simple pipeline, which acts as an estimator. A Pipeline consists
    of a sequence of stages, each of which is either an
    :py:class:`Estimator` or a :py:class:`Transformer`. When
    :py:meth:`Pipeline.fit` is called, the stages are executed in
    order. If a stage is an :py:class:`Estimator`, its
    :py:meth:`Estimator.fit` method will be called on the input
    dataset to fit a model. Then the model, which is a transformer,
    will be used to transform the dataset as the input to the next
    stage. If a stage is a :py:class:`Transformer`, its
    :py:meth:`Transformer.transform` method will be called to produce
    the dataset for the next stage. The fitted model from a
    :py:class:`Pipeline` is an :py:class:`PipelineModel`, which
    consists of fitted models and transformers, corresponding to the
    pipeline stages. If there are no stages, the pipeline acts as an
    identity transformer.

    .. versionadded:: 1.3.0
    """

    @keyword_only
    def __init__(self, stages=None):
        """
        __init__(self, stages=None)
        """
        if stages is None:
            stages = []
        super(Pipeline, self).__init__()
        #: Param for pipeline stages.
        self.stages = Param(self, "stages", "pipeline stages")
        kwargs = self.__init__._input_kwargs
        self.setParams(**kwargs)

    @since("1.3.0")
    def setStages(self, value):
        """
        Set pipeline stages.

        :param value: a list of transformers or estimators
        :return: the pipeline instance
        """
        self._paramMap[self.stages] = value
        return self

    @since("1.3.0")
    def getStages(self):
        """
        Get pipeline stages.
        """
        if self.stages in self._paramMap:
            return self._paramMap[self.stages]

    @keyword_only
    @since("1.3.0")
    def setParams(self, stages=None):
        """
        setParams(self, stages=None)
        Sets params for Pipeline.
        """
        if stages is None:
            stages = []
        kwargs = self.setParams._input_kwargs
        return self._set(**kwargs)

    def _fit(self, dataset):
        stages = self.getStages()
        for stage in stages:
            if not (isinstance(stage, Estimator) or isinstance(stage, Transformer)):
                raise TypeError(
                    "Cannot recognize a pipeline stage of type %s." % type(stage))
        indexOfLastEstimator = -1
        for i, stage in enumerate(stages):
            if isinstance(stage, Estimator):
                indexOfLastEstimator = i
        transformers = []
        for i, stage in enumerate(stages):
            if i <= indexOfLastEstimator:
                if isinstance(stage, Transformer):
                    transformers.append(stage)
                    dataset = stage.transform(dataset)
                else:  # must be an Estimator
                    model = stage.fit(dataset)
                    transformers.append(model)
                    if i < indexOfLastEstimator:
                        dataset = model.transform(dataset)
            else:
                transformers.append(stage)
        return PipelineModel(transformers)

    @since("1.4.0")
    def copy(self, extra=None):
        """
        Creates a copy of this instance.

        :param extra: extra parameters
        :returns: new instance
        """
        if extra is None:
            extra = dict()
        that = Params.copy(self, extra)
        stages = [stage.copy(extra) for stage in that.getStages()]
        return that.setStages(stages)


@inherit_doc
class PipelineModel(Model):
    """
    Represents a compiled pipeline with transformers and fitted models.

    .. versionadded:: 1.3.0
    """

    def __init__(self, stages):
        super(PipelineModel, self).__init__()
        self.stages = stages

    def _transform(self, dataset):
        for t in self.stages:
            dataset = t.transform(dataset)
        return dataset

    @since("1.4.0")
    def copy(self, extra=None):
        """
        Creates a copy of this instance.

        :param extra: extra parameters
        :returns: new instance
        """
        if extra is None:
            extra = dict()
        stages = [stage.copy(extra) for stage in self.stages]
        return PipelineModel(stages)