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 <h1 id="java-chassis-3">Java Chassis 3技术解密：易扩展的多种注册中心支持</h1>
 <p>Java Chassis 的早期版本依赖于 Service Center，提供了很多差异化的竞争力：</p>
 <ul>
 <li>接口级别转发。 通过注册中心管理微服务的每个版本的元数据，特别是契约数据。 结合契约数据，能够实现版本级别的路由能力。 比如一个微服务存在 v1 和 v2 两个版本， 其中 v1 版本存在接口 op1, op2， v2 版本存在接口 op1, op2, op3， 在灰度场景， Java Chassis能够自动将 op3 的访问转发到 v2 版本，将 op1, op2 的访问在 v1, v2版本做负载均衡。 </li>
 <li>基于 version-rule 的实例选择。 客户端能够配置 version-rule， 比如 last, 2.0+等。 这样客户端能够根据实际情况，筛选实例的版本。 </li>
 </ul>
 <p>Java Chassis过度依赖 Service Center， 为产品的发展带来了一些瓶颈。 Java Chassis的生态推广依赖于 Service Center的生态推广， 不利于Java Chassis被更多用户使用。 随着云的发展， 越来越多的客户也期望一套代码，能够在不同的云环境运行，有些云产商未提供Service Center运行环境，那么用户选择Java Chassis 就会存在顾虑。 </p>
 <p>基于上述原因， Java Chassis简化了注册发现的依赖，定义了简单容易实现的接口，并基于 <code>Nacos</code> 提供了实现，未来还会提供 <code>zookeeper</code> 等实现。 Java Chassis 采用了一系列新的设计模式， 保证了在降低注册中心功能依赖的前提下，不降低应用自身的可靠性。 </p>
 <h2 id="_1">接口级别转发的替代方案</h2>
 <p>依赖于 Service Center， Java Chassis提供了接口级别转发。 Java Chassis 3 首先做的一个变化是删除了对于接口级别转发的支持。 这样对于注册中心的依赖复杂度至少可以降低 70%。 然而灰度场景依然对很多业务比较重要， Java Chassis 3使用灰度发布解决这个问题。 使用灰度发布的好处是不用依赖注册中心提供版本元数据管理能力，只需要每个实例具备版本号等简单元数据信息。 </p>
 <pre><code class="language-yaml">servicecomb:
   # enable router for edge service
   router:
     type: router
   routeRule:
     business: |
       - precedence: 2
         match:
           apiPath:
             prefix: &quot;/business/v2&quot;
         route:
           - weight: 100
             tags:
               version: 2.0.0
       - precedence: 1
         match:
           apiPath:
             prefix: &quot;/business/v1/dec&quot;
         route:
           - weight: 50
             tags:
               version: 1.1.0
           - weight: 50
             tags:
               version: 2.0.0
 </code></pre>
 <h2 id="_2">注册发现接口及其实现</h2>
 <p>Java Chassis 3 只需要使用 <code>Discovery</code> 接口就能够提供新的注册发现支持。 Java Chassis会调用 <code>findServiceInstances</code> 查询实例，如果后续实例发生变更，注册中心实现通过 <code>InstanceChangedListener</code> 通知 Java Chassis. </p>
 <pre><code class="language-java">/**
  * This is the core service discovery interface. &lt;br/&gt;
  */
 public interface Discovery&lt;D extends DiscoveryInstance&gt; extends SPIEnabled, SPIOrder, LifeCycle {
   interface InstanceChangedListener&lt;D extends DiscoveryInstance&gt; {
     /**
      * Called by Discovery Implementations when instance list changed.
      * @param registryName Name of the calling discovery implementation
      * @param application Microservice application
      * @param serviceName Microservice name
      * @param updatedInstances The latest updated instances.
      */
     void onInstanceChanged(String registryName, String application, String serviceName, List&lt;D&gt; updatedInstances);
   }

   String name();

   /**
    * If this implementation enabled for this microservice.
    */
   boolean enabled(String application, String serviceName);

   /**
    * Find all instances.
    *
    * Life Cycle：This method is called anytime after &lt;code&gt;run&lt;/code&gt;.
    *
    * @param application application
    * @param serviceName microservice name
    * @return all instances match the criteria.
    */
   List&lt;D&gt; findServiceInstances(String application, String serviceName);

   /**
    * Discovery can call InstanceChangedListener when instance get changed.
    */
   void setInstanceChangedListener(InstanceChangedListener&lt;D&gt; instanceChangedListener);
 }

 </code></pre>
 <p>Java Chassis 3 通过 <code>Registration</code> 来管理注册， 注册过程分为 <code>init</code>、<code>run</code>、<code>destroy</code>简单的生命周期， 可以在 <code>init</code> 准备注册的数据， <code>run</code> 执行注册， <code>destroy</code> 则在注册失败或者系统停止的时候执行。 </p>
 <pre><code class="language-java">/**
  * This is the core service registration interface. &lt;br/&gt;
  */
 public interface Registration&lt;R extends RegistrationInstance&gt; extends SPIEnabled, SPIOrder, LifeCycle {
   String name();

   /**
    * get MicroserviceInstance &lt;/br&gt;
    *
    * Life Cycle：This method is called anytime after &lt;code&gt;run&lt;/code&gt;.
    */
   R getMicroserviceInstance();

   /**
    * update MicroserviceInstance status &lt;/br&gt;
    *
    * Life Cycle：This method is called anytime after &lt;code&gt;run&lt;/code&gt;.
    */
   boolean updateMicroserviceInstanceStatus(MicroserviceInstanceStatus status);

   /**
    * adding schemas to Microservice &lt;/br&gt;
    *
    * Life Cycle：This method is called after &lt;code&gt;init&lt;/code&gt; and before &lt;code&gt;run&lt;/code&gt;.
    */
   void addSchema(String schemaId, String content);

   /**
    * adding endpoints to MicroserviceInstance &lt;/br&gt;
    *
    * Life Cycle：This method is called after &lt;code&gt;init&lt;/code&gt; and before &lt;code&gt;run&lt;/code&gt;.
    */
   void addEndpoint(String endpoint);

   /**
    * adding property to MicroserviceInstance &lt;/br&gt;
    *
    * Life Cycle：This method is called after &lt;code&gt;init&lt;/code&gt; and before &lt;code&gt;run&lt;/code&gt;.
    */
   void addProperty(String key, String value);
 }

 </code></pre>
 <h2 id="_3">注册发现的组合</h2>
 <p>Java Chassis 3可以独立实现多个 <code>Discovery</code> 和 <code>Registration</code>, 达到向多个注册中心注册和从多个注册中心发现实例的作用。 每个实例根据实例ID唯一来标识。 如果实例ID相同， 会被认为是同一个实例， 如果不同， 则会认为是不同的实例。 在 <code>Java Chassis 3技术解密：注册中心分区隔离</code> 中聊到了， Java Chassis 要求每次实例注册（新的进程）， 生成唯一的实例ID， 以解决注册分区隔离带来的实例假下线问题。 <code>Discovery</code> 和 <code>Registration</code> 都包含了 Java Chassis 定义的基础信息。</p>
 <pre><code class="language-java">/**
  * Standard information used for microservice instance registration and discovery.
  */
 public interface MicroserviceInstance {
   /**
    * Environment(Required): Used for logic separation of microservice instance. Only
    * microservice instance with same environment can discovery each other.
    */
   String getEnvironment();

   /**
    * Application(Required): Used for logic separation of microservice instance. Only
    * microservice instance with same application can discovery each other.
    */
   String getApplication();

   /**
    * Service Name(Required): Unique identifier for microservice.
    */
   String getServiceName();

   /**
    * Service Name Alias(Optional): Unique identifier for microservice.
    *   This alias is used by registry implementation to support rename
    *   of a microservice, e.g. old consumers use old service name can
    *   find a renamed microservice service.
    */
   String getAlias();

   /**
    * Service Version(Required): version of this microservice.
    */
   String getVersion();

   /**
    * Data center info(Optional).
    */
   DataCenterInfo getDataCenterInfo();

   /**
    * Service Description(Optional)
    */
   String getDescription();

   /**
    * Service Properties(Optional)
    */
   Map&lt;String, String&gt; getProperties();

   /**
    * Service Schemas(Optional): Open API information.
    */
   Map&lt;String, String&gt; getSchemas();

   /**
    * Service endpoints(Optional).
    */
   List&lt;String&gt; getEndpoints();

   /**
    * Microservice instance id(Required). This id can be generated when microservice instance is starting
    * or assigned by registry implementation.
    *
    * When microservice instance is restarted, this id should be changed.
    */
   String getInstanceId();

   /**
    * Microservice service id(Optional). This is used for service center, other implementations may not
    * support service id.
    */
   default String getServiceId() {
     return &quot;&quot;;
   }
 }

 </code></pre>
 <p>在实现注册发现的时候，需要保证该接口定义的基础信息能够注册到注册中心，查询实例的时候，能够获取到这些信息。 </p>
 <blockquote>
 <blockquote>
 <blockquote>
 <p>客户故事：不把鸡蛋放到同一个篮子里面，是技术选型里面很重要的考量。解决方案的开放性和可替代性、云服务的可替代性，是很多客户都关注的问题。对于一个开源的技术框架，Java Chassis早期的版本虽然设计上也支持不同的注册中心扩展，但是实现难度很高，不自觉的把客户使用其他注册中心替换 service center的要求变得不可行。提供更加简化的注册发现实现，虽然减少了少量有有竞争力的功能特性，但是极大降低了客户选型的顾虑。 </p>
 </blockquote>
 </blockquote>
 </blockquote>


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