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 <h1 id="java-chassis-3spring-cloud">Java Chassis 3技术解密：与Spring Cloud的互操作</h1>
 <p>Java Chassis 3一个很重要的设计原则：利用架构的韧性设计来解决兼容性问题。 </p>
 <p><img alt="" src="serialization-arch.png" /></p>
 <p>比如通过引入微服务网关，来解决不同语言、不同框架、遗留系统之间的互操作问题。 本文在这个架构原则基础上，讨论一个更加细粒度的互操作问题，并借此解密Java Chassis3在运行时设计依赖上的技术细节。</p>
 <p>首先，我们描述一个互操作的场景和假设。 </p>
 <p><img alt="" src="interoperability-scen.png" /></p>
 <ul>
 <li>Spring Cloud和Java Chassis应用同时注册到注册中心。引入了Spring Cloud Gateway作为网关，网关也注册到注册中心。 </li>
 <li>Spring Cloud微服务和Java Chassis微服务相互调用。它们彼此作为消费者的时候，不需要感知对方是不同的框架，做到透明调用。 </li>
 </ul>
 <p>从技术原理上梳理下上述互操作需要满足的条件：</p>
 <ul>
 <li>Spring Cloud和Java Chassis需要有相互认识的注册信息。核心包括：应用名称、服务名称、地址信息和格式等。 需要的共同注册中心越少，越容易对注册中心和客户端进行选型。 在本例子中，我们选择 <code>Service Center</code> 或者 <code>Nacos</code> 作为注册中心，并选择Spring Cloud Huawei实现Spring Cloud注册。 </li>
 <li>Spring Cloud访问Java Chassis，只需要一个地址信息，依赖较少。 Java Chassis访问Spring Cloud，需要知道Spring Cloud应用提供的契约信息。 </li>
 </ul>
 <p>Java Chassis区别于Spring Cloud的REST调用的部分，就是契约依赖。 Spring Cloud通过FeignClient来声明客户端契约，客户端都需要在FeignClient中重复书写REST标签；Java Chassis有两种模式发现契约：从注册中心发现和从Provider实例发现。 Java Chassis3默认采用从Provider实例发现， Java Chassis2采用从注册中心发现。 从Provider发现的好处是可以降低对于注册中心元数据管理能力的要求，本例既可以采用 <code>Service Center</code> 作为注册中心，也可以选择 <code>Nacos</code> 作为注册中心。 </p>
 <p>从Provider发现，要求Provider实现如下接口：</p>
 <pre><code class="language-java">/**
  * Java Chassis internal management apis.
  */
 @Path(&quot;/scb/management&quot;)
 public interface ManagementEndpoint {
   String NAME = &quot;scb-management&quot;;

   /**
    * Health of this instance. If the instanceId match this instance, and this service is ready
    * to service return true. Otherwise, return false.
    *
    * This api is for internal instance status usage. Load balancer will call this api to check if
    * the target instance is alive.
    */
   @GET
   @Path(&quot;/health&quot;)
   boolean health(@QueryParam(&quot;instanceId&quot;) String instanceId, @QueryParam(&quot;registryName&quot;) String registryName);

   /**
    * Schemas of this instance.
    *
    * This api is for internal schema loading usage.
    */
   @POST
   @Path(&quot;/schema/contents&quot;)
   Map&lt;String, String&gt; schemaContents();
 }
 </code></pre>
 <p>它包含一个健康检查接口和一个查询契约的接口。 当Spring Cloud应用实现上述接口以后，它就具备了Java Chassis微服务需要的基础特征，这样Java Chassis就可以像访问本框架的微服务一样访问Spring Cloud框架开发的微服务应用。 为了简化，在Spring Cloud简单实现了该接口，该实现接口从 <code>export</code> 目录加载契约信息，只需要将Spring Cloud需要对外暴露的 REST 接口的符合 Open API 3.0规范的契约文件放到这个目录下面 。</p>
 <pre><code class="language-java">@RestController
 @RequestMapping((&quot;/scb/management&quot;))
 public class JavaChassisManagementEndpoint {
   private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JavaChassisManagementEndpoint.class);

   @Autowired
   private Registration registration;

   @GetMapping(path = &quot;/health&quot;)
   public boolean health(@RequestParam(&quot;instanceId&quot;) String instanceId,
       @RequestParam(&quot;registryName&quot;) String registryName) {
     return &quot;sc-registry&quot;.equals(registryName) &amp;&amp; registration.getInstanceId().equals(instanceId);
   }

   @PostMapping(path = &quot;/schema/contents&quot;)
   public Map&lt;String, String&gt; schemaContents() {
     try {
       List&lt;URI&gt; resourceUris = ResourceUtil.findResourcesBySuffix(&quot;export&quot;, &quot;.yaml&quot;);
       Map&lt;String, String&gt; result = new HashMap&lt;&gt;(resourceUris.size());
       for (URI uri : resourceUris) {
         String path = uri.toURL().getPath();
         String[] segments = path.split(&quot;/&quot;);
         if (segments.length &lt; 2 || !&quot;export&quot;.equals(segments[segments.length - 2])) {
           continue;
         }
         result.put(segments[segments.length - 1].substring(0, segments[segments.length - 1].indexOf(&quot;.yaml&quot;)),
             IOUtils.toString(uri, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
       }
       return result;
     } catch (IOException | URISyntaxException e) {
       LOGGER.error(&quot;Load schema ids failed from microservices. {}.&quot;, e.getMessage());
       return Collections.emptyMap();
     }
   }
 }
 </code></pre>
 <p>Java Chassis与Spring Cloud互操作的例子放到了<a href="https://github.com/apache/servicecomb-samples/tree/master/java-chassis-interoprability">ServiceComb Samples</a> ， 这个例子也提供了使用 Nacos 作为注册中心和配置中心的实现， 只需要将 Profile 设置为 Nacos 即可。 </p>
 <blockquote>
 <blockquote>
 <blockquote>
 <p>客户故事：在架构选型变化的时候，解决功能迁移和兼容性问题是最大的挑战。一些客户将Spring Cloud应用改造为Java Chassis的过程中，发现一些功能不支持，比如SseEmitter、WebSocket等。 如果选择支持这些能力，Java Chassis需要实现很多Servlet能力，这些能力规划会和微服务技术架构存在冲突。 对于这些场景，我们选择通过架构韧性来保留这些功能，比如将提供SseEmitter、WebSocket功能的独立出微服务，采用Spring Boot开发，这些应用可以通过调用Java Chassis微服务的REST接口来实现其特殊功能。通过这种架构韧性的理念，降低了技术持续演进的包袱，为敏捷迭代，持续创新奠定了方向，减少了兼容性问题的争论。 </p>
 </blockquote>
 </blockquote>
 </blockquote>


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