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| <h1 class="page__title" itemprop="headline">用JAX-RS开发微服务 |
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| <li><a href="#概念阐述" id="markdown-toc-概念阐述">概念阐述</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#开发示例" id="markdown-toc-开发示例">开发示例</a></li> |
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| <h2 id="概念阐述">概念阐述</h2> |
| |
| <p>ServiceComb支持开发者使用JAX-RS注解，使用JAX-RS模式开发服务。</p> |
| |
| <h2 id="开发示例">开发示例</h2> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p><strong>步骤 1</strong> 添加依赖。</p> |
| |
| <p>在Maven的pom.xml中添加所需的依赖：</p> |
| |
| <div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nt"><dependencyManagement></span> |
| <span class="nt"><dependencies></span> |
| <span class="nt"><dependency></span> |
| <span class="nt"><groupId></span>org.apache.servicecomb<span class="nt"></groupId></span> |
| <span class="nt"><artifactId></span>java-chassis-dependencies<span class="nt"></artifactId></span> |
| <span class="nt"><version></span>1.0.0-m1<span class="nt"></version></span> |
| <span class="nt"><type></span>pom<span class="nt"></type></span> |
| <span class="nt"><scope></span>import<span class="nt"></scope></span> |
| <span class="nt"></dependency></span> |
| <span class="nt"></dependencies></span> |
| <span class="nt"></dependencyManagement></span> |
| <span class="nt"><dependencies></span> |
| <span class="c"><!--transport根据microservice.yaml中endpoint发布需求选择，本例中两者都引入，也可以二选一--></span> |
| <span class="nt"><dependency></span> |
| <span class="nt"><groupId></span>org.apache.servicecomb<span class="nt"></groupId></span> |
| <span class="nt"><artifactId></span>transport-rest-vertx<span class="nt"></artifactId></span> |
| <span class="nt"></dependency></span> |
| <span class="nt"><dependency></span> |
| <span class="nt"><groupId></span>org.apache.servicecomb<span class="nt"></groupId></span> |
| <span class="nt"><artifactId></span>transport-highway<span class="nt"></artifactId></span> |
| <span class="nt"></dependency></span> |
| <span class="nt"><dependency></span> |
| <span class="nt"><groupId></span>org.apache.servicecomb<span class="nt"></groupId></span> |
| <span class="nt"><artifactId></span>provider-jaxrs<span class="nt"></artifactId></span> |
| <span class="nt"></dependency></span> |
| <span class="nt"><dependency></span> |
| <span class="nt"><groupId></span>org.slf4j<span class="nt"></groupId></span> |
| <span class="nt"><artifactId></span>slf4j-log4j12<span class="nt"></artifactId></span> |
| <span class="nt"></dependency></span> |
| <span class="nt"></dependencies></span> |
| </code></pre></div> </div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><strong>步骤 2</strong> 实现服务。</p> |
| |
| <p>使用JAX-RS注解开发业务代码，Hello的服务实现如下：</p> |
| |
| <div class="language-java highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">javax.ws.rs.POST</span><span class="o">;</span> |
| <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">javax.ws.rs.Path</span><span class="o">;</span> |
| <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">javax.ws.rs.Produces</span><span class="o">;</span> |
| <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType</span><span class="o">;</span> |
| <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">org.apache.servicecomb.samples.common.schema.models.Person</span><span class="o">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="nd">@Path</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"/jaxrshello"</span><span class="o">)</span> |
| <span class="nd">@Produces</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nc">MediaType</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">APPLICATION_JSON</span><span class="o">)</span> |
| <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">JaxrsHelloImpl</span> <span class="o">{</span> |
| <span class="nd">@Path</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"/sayhi"</span><span class="o">)</span> |
| <span class="nd">@POST</span> |
| <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="nc">String</span> <span class="nf">sayHi</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nc">String</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">)</span> <span class="o">{</span> |
| <span class="err"> </span><span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">"Hello "</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">;</span> |
| <span class="o">}</span> |
| |
| <span class="nd">@Path</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="s">"/sayhello"</span><span class="o">)</span> |
| <span class="nd">@POST</span> |
| <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="nc">String</span> <span class="nf">sayHello</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nc">Person</span> <span class="n">person</span><span class="o">)</span> <span class="o">{</span> |
| <span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">"Hello person "</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">person</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">getName</span><span class="o">();</span> |
| <span class="o">}</span> |
| <span class="o">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div> </div> |
| |
| <p><strong>注意：请一定在服务的实现类（本文档例子为JaxrsHelloImpl）上标记@Path，否则接口发布的Path和Method将会不正确！</strong></p> |
| |
| <p>本例sayHi的访问Path为<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/jaxrshello/sayhi</code>，sayHello的访问Path为<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/jaxrshello/sayhello</code>，如果希望他们的访问路径为<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/sayhi</code>和<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">/sayhello</code>，直接设置JaxrsHelloImpl上的<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">@Path</code>为<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">@Path("/")</code>。</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><strong>步骤 3</strong> 发布服务。</p> |
| |
| <p>在服务的实现类上打上注解<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">@RestSchema</code>，指定schemaId，表示该实现作为当前微服务的一个schema发布，代码如下：</p> |
| |
| <div class="language-java highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">org.apache.servicecomb.provider.rest.common.RestSchema</span><span class="o">;</span> |
| <span class="c1">// other code omitted</span> |
| <span class="nd">@RestSchema</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="n">schemaId</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"jaxrsHello"</span><span class="o">)</span> |
| <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">JaxrsHelloImpl</span> <span class="kd">implements</span> <span class="nc">Hello</span> <span class="o">{</span> |
| <span class="c1">// other code omitted</span> |
| <span class="o">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div> </div> |
| |
| <p>然后在resources/META-INF/spring目录下创建jaxrsHello.bean.xml文件，配置spring进行服务扫描的base-package，文件内容如下：</p> |
| |
| <div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="cp"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?></span> |
| <span class="nt"><beans</span> <span class="na">xmlns=</span><span class="s">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"</span> <span class="na">xmlns:xsi=</span><span class="s">"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance "</span> |
| <span class="na">xmlns:p=</span><span class="s">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"</span> <span class="na">xmlns:util=</span><span class="s">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"</span> |
| <span class="na">xmlns:cse=</span><span class="s">"http://www.huawei.com/schema/paas/cse/rpc"</span> |
| <span class="na">xmlns:context=</span><span class="s">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"</span> |
| <span class="na">xsi:schemaLocation=</span><span class="s">"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans classpath:org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.huawei.com/schema/paas/cse/rpc classpath:META-INF/spring/spring-paas-cse-rpc.xsd"</span><span class="nt">></span> |
| |
| <span class="nt"><context:component-scan</span> <span class="na">base-package=</span><span class="s">"org.apache.servicecomb.samples.jaxrs.provider"</span><span class="nt">/></span> |
| <span class="nt"></beans></span> |
| </code></pre></div> </div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><strong>步骤 4</strong> 添加服务定义。</p> |
| |
| <p>在resources目录中添加<a href="https://docs.servicecomb.io/java-chassis/zh_CN/build-provider/definition/service-definition.html">microservice.yaml</a>。</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><strong>步骤 5</strong> 添加Main启动类</p> |
| |
| <div class="language-java highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">org.apache.servicecomb.foundation.common.utils.BeanUtils</span><span class="o">;</span> |
| <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">org.apache.servicecomb.foundation.common.utils.Log4jUtils</span><span class="o">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="kd">class</span> <span class="nc">Application</span> <span class="o">{</span> |
| <span class="kd">public</span> <span class="kd">static</span> <span class="kt">void</span> <span class="nf">main</span><span class="o">(</span><span class="nc">String</span><span class="o">[]</span> <span class="n">args</span><span class="o">)</span> <span class="kd">throws</span> <span class="nc">Exception</span> <span class="o">{</span> |
| <span class="c1">//初始化日志， 加载Bean(包括它们的参数), 以及注册Service, 更多信息可以参见文档 : https://docs.servicecomb.io/java-chassis/zh_CN/build-provider/bootup.html</span> |
| <span class="nc">Log4jUtils</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">init</span><span class="o">();</span> |
| <span class="nc">BeanUtils</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="na">init</span><span class="o">();</span> |
| <span class="o">}</span> |
| <span class="o">}</span> |
| </code></pre></div> </div> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| |
| <h2 id="涉及api">涉及API</h2> |
| |
| <p>JAX-RS开发模式当前支持如下注解，所有注解的使用方法参考<a href="https://jax-rs-spec.java.net/nonav/2.0-rev-a/apidocs/index.html">JAX-RS官方文档</a>。</p> |
| |
| <table> |
| <thead> |
| <tr> |
| <th style="text-align: left">注解</th> |
| <th style="text-align: left">位置</th> |
| <th style="text-align: left">描述</th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody> |
| <tr> |
| <td style="text-align: left">javax.ws.rs.Path</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">schema/operation</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">URL路径</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td style="text-align: left">javax.ws.rs.Produces</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">schema/operation</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">方法支持的编解码能力</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td style="text-align: left">javax.ws.rs.DELETE</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">operation</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">http method</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td style="text-align: left">javax.ws.rs.GET</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">operation</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">http method</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td style="text-align: left">javax.ws.rs.POST</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">operation</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">http method</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td style="text-align: left">javax.ws.rs.PUT</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">operation</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">http method</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td style="text-align: left">javax.ws.rs.QueryParam</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">parameter</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">从query string中获取参数</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td style="text-align: left">javax.ws.rs.PathParam</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">parameter</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">从path中获取参数，必须在path中定义该参数</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td style="text-align: left">javax.ws.rs.HeaderParam</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">parameter</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">从header中获取参数</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr> |
| <td style="text-align: left">javax.ws.rs.CookieParam</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">parameter</td> |
| <td style="text-align: left">从cookie中获取参数</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| |
| <blockquote> |
| <p><strong>说明</strong>：</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>当方法参数没有注解，且不为HttpServletRequest类型参数时，默认为body类型参数，一个方法只支持最多一个body类型参数。</li> |
| <li>打在参数上面的注解建议显式定义出value值，否则将直接使用契约中的参数名，例如应该使用<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">@QueryParam\("name"\) String name</code>，而不是<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">@QueryParam String name</code>。</li> |
| </ul> |
| </blockquote> |
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