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<meta itemprop="headline" content="部署模式">
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<h1 class="page__title" itemprop="headline">部署模式
</h1>
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<!-- <header><h4 class="nav__title"><i class="fa fa-file-text"></i> 在本页上</h4></header> -->
<ul class="toc__menu" id="markdown-toc">
<li><a href="#物理机或虚拟机部署" id="markdown-toc-物理机或虚拟机部署">物理机或虚拟机部署</a> <ul>
<li><a href="#如何打包微服务" id="markdown-toc-如何打包微服务">如何打包微服务</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#docker容器化部署" id="markdown-toc-docker容器化部署">Docker容器化部署</a> <ul>
<li><a href="#如何直接打包微服务为docker镜像" id="markdown-toc-如何直接打包微服务为docker镜像">如何直接打包微服务为Docker镜像</a></li>
<li><a href="#使用docker-compose编排并拉起所有的微服务" id="markdown-toc-使用docker-compose编排并拉起所有的微服务">使用Docker Compose编排并拉起所有的微服务</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#kubernetes集群部署" id="markdown-toc-kubernetes集群部署">Kubernetes集群部署</a> <ul>
<li><a href="#kubernetes" id="markdown-toc-kubernetes">Kubernetes</a></li>
<li><a href="#java-chassis" id="markdown-toc-java-chassis">Java Chassis</a></li>
<li><a href="#kubernetes--java-chassis" id="markdown-toc-kubernetes--java-chassis">Kubernetes + Java Chassis</a></li>
<li><a href="#在kubernetes集群中部署java-chassis-company演示项目" id="markdown-toc-在kubernetes集群中部署java-chassis-company演示项目">在Kubernetes集群中部署Java Chassis Company演示项目</a></li>
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<p>Java Chassis作为一个微服务框架，支持多样化的部署模式。</p>
<h2 id="物理机或虚拟机部署">物理机或虚拟机部署</h2>
<p>这种方式直接部署在物理机或虚拟机操作系统上，Chassis微服务以Java进程的方式启动：</p>
<p><img src="/assets/images/SimpleDeployment.png" alt="SimpleDeployment" /></p>
<p>请保证网络在同一个局域网内，或能互通。</p>
<h3 id="如何打包微服务">如何打包微服务</h3>
<p>在微服务项目的<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">pom.xml</code>中添加以下依赖：</p>
<div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nt">&lt;build&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.apache.maven.plugins<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>maven-jar-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>2.6<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;archive&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;manifest&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;addClasspath&gt;</span>true<span class="nt">&lt;/addClasspath&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;classpathPrefix&gt;</span>lib/<span class="nt">&lt;/classpathPrefix&gt;</span>
<span class="c">&lt;!--change to your main class--&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;mainClass&gt;</span>${your-package}.Application<span class="nt">&lt;/mainClass&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/manifest&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;manifestEntries&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;Class-Path&gt;</span>. <span class="nt">&lt;/Class-Path&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/manifestEntries&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/archive&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.apache.maven.plugins<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>maven-dependency-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;executions&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;execution&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;id&gt;</span>copy-dependencies<span class="nt">&lt;/id&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;phase&gt;</span>package<span class="nt">&lt;/phase&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;goals&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;goal&gt;</span>copy-dependencies<span class="nt">&lt;/goal&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/goals&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;outputDirectory&gt;</span>target/lib<span class="nt">&lt;/outputDirectory&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/execution&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/executions&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/build&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>之后运行：</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>mvn package
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>在<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">target</code>目录下拷贝生成的微服务jar包和<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">lib</code>（依赖jar）至任何目录，运行即可：</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>java <span class="nt">-jar</span> <span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">project</span><span class="p">.artifactId</span><span class="k">}</span>-<span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">project</span><span class="p">.version</span><span class="k">}</span>.jar
</code></pre></div></div>
<blockquote>
<p>提示：</p>
<ol>
<li>如果需要更改<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">microservice.yaml</code>中的配置项又不希望重新打包，可以直接编写一个新的<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">microservice.yaml</code>，然后放置于微服务jar包同级别目录，重启微服务即可；</li>
<li>请修改上面打包依赖配置中<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">&lt;mainClass&gt;${your-package}.Application&lt;/mainClass&gt;</code>为微服务启动MainClass。</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="docker容器化部署">Docker容器化部署</h2>
<p>这种方式适合部署测试环境，当微服务数据量比较多的情况下能够大幅减少部署的工作量，一键拉起所有的微服务：</p>
<p><img src="/assets/images/DockerDeployment.png" alt="DockerDeployment" /></p>
<h3 id="如何直接打包微服务为docker镜像">如何直接打包微服务为Docker镜像</h3>
<p>我们使用io.fabric8的<a href="https://github.com/fabric8io/docker-maven-plugin">maven插件</a>从打包，镜像在微服务项目的<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">pom.xml</code>中添加以下依赖：</p>
<div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code> <span class="nt">&lt;build&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;pluginManagement&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>io.fabric8<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>docker-maven-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;images&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;image&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;name&gt;</span>${project.artifactId}:${project.version}<span class="nt">&lt;/name&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;alias&gt;</span>${project.artifactId}<span class="nt">&lt;/alias&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;build&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;from&gt;</span>openjdk:8-jdk-stretch<span class="nt">&lt;/from&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;ports&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;port&gt;</span>8080<span class="nt">&lt;/port&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/ports&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;volumes&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;volume&gt;</span>/docker<span class="nt">&lt;/volume&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/volumes&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;assembly&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;mode&gt;</span>dir<span class="nt">&lt;/mode&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;basedir&gt;</span>/<span class="nt">&lt;/basedir&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;descriptor&gt;</span>assembly.xml<span class="nt">&lt;/descriptor&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/assembly&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;entryPoint&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;shell&gt;</span>java $JAVA_OPTS -jar /docker/${project.artifactId}-${project.version}.jar<span class="nt">&lt;/shell&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/entryPoint&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/build&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/image&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/images&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;executions&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;execution&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;id&gt;</span>build<span class="nt">&lt;/id&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;phase&gt;</span>package<span class="nt">&lt;/phase&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;goals&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;goal&gt;</span>build<span class="nt">&lt;/goal&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/goals&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/execution&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/executions&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/pluginManagement&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/build&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;profiles&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;profile&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;id&gt;</span>docker<span class="nt">&lt;/id&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;build&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.apache.maven.plugins<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>maven-jar-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;version&gt;</span>2.6<span class="nt">&lt;/version&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;archive&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;manifest&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;addClasspath&gt;</span>true<span class="nt">&lt;/addClasspath&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;classpathPrefix&gt;</span>lib/<span class="nt">&lt;/classpathPrefix&gt;</span>
<span class="c">&lt;!--change to your main class--&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;mainClass&gt;</span>${your-package}.Application<span class="nt">&lt;/mainClass&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/manifest&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;manifestEntries&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;Class-Path&gt;</span>.<span class="nt">&lt;/Class-Path&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/manifestEntries&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/archive&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>org.apache.maven.plugins<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>maven-dependency-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;executions&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;execution&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;id&gt;</span>copy-dependencies<span class="nt">&lt;/id&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;phase&gt;</span>package<span class="nt">&lt;/phase&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;goals&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;goal&gt;</span>copy-dependencies<span class="nt">&lt;/goal&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/goals&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;outputDirectory&gt;</span>target/lib<span class="nt">&lt;/outputDirectory&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/configuration&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/execution&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/executions&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;groupId&gt;</span>io.fabric8<span class="nt">&lt;/groupId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;artifactId&gt;</span>docker-maven-plugin<span class="nt">&lt;/artifactId&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugin&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/plugins&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/build&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/profile&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/profiles&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>在项目源代码<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">src\main</code>下，创建一个<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">docker</code>目录，之后在此目录中创建一个<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">assembly.xml</code>文件，填入下面的内容：</p>
<div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="cp">&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;assembly&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;id&gt;</span>installer<span class="nt">&lt;/id&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;fileSets&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;fileSet&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;directory&gt;</span>${project.build.directory}/lib<span class="nt">&lt;/directory&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;outputDirectory&gt;</span>/docker/lib<span class="nt">&lt;/outputDirectory&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;fileMode&gt;</span>0644<span class="nt">&lt;/fileMode&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;directoryMode&gt;</span>0755<span class="nt">&lt;/directoryMode&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/fileSet&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/fileSets&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;files&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;file&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;source&gt;</span>${project.build.directory}/${project.artifactId}-${project.version}.jar<span class="nt">&lt;/source&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;outputDirectory&gt;</span>/docker<span class="nt">&lt;/outputDirectory&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;destName&gt;</span>${project.artifactId}-${project.version}.jar<span class="nt">&lt;/destName&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/file&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/files&gt;</span>
<span class="nt">&lt;/assembly&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>完成之后的项目效果：</p>
<p><img src="/assets/images/DockerPackageAssembly.png" alt="DockerPackageAssembly" /></p>
<p>运行：</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>mvn package <span class="nt">-Pdocker</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>等待打包完成，会有提示镜像生成成功并注册到本地镜像库的提示。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>提示：</p>
<ol>
<li>请修改上面打包依赖配置中<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">&lt;mainClass&gt;${your-package}.Application&lt;/mainClass&gt;</code>为微服务启动MainClass；</li>
<li>为了保留普通打包方式，docker打包方式配置为maven profile，即``-Pdocker`；</li>
<li>如果是使用windows系统，请安装docker machine，并且确保docker machine vm启动中；</li>
<li>打包的镜像会默认安装在本地镜像库中，如果需要上传外部镜像库例如中央库，可以使用下面的命令：
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>mvn <span class="nt">-Ddocker</span>.registry<span class="o">=</span>registry.hub.docker.com/<span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">username</span><span class="k">}</span> <span class="nt">-Ddocker</span>.username<span class="o">=</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">username</span><span class="k">}</span> <span class="nt">-Ddocker</span>.password<span class="o">=</span><span class="k">${</span><span class="nv">password</span><span class="k">}</span> docker:push
</code></pre></div> </div>
</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="使用docker-compose编排并拉起所有的微服务">使用Docker Compose编排并拉起所有的微服务</h3>
<p>将所有的微服务打包为镜像后，就可以使用Docker Compose组织它们，我们给一个例子：</p>
<div class="language-yaml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="na">version</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="s">2.0'</span>
<span class="na">services</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="na">service-center</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="na">image</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">servicecomb/service-center"</span>
<span class="na">hostname</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">service-center</span>
<span class="na">ports</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">30100:30100"</span>
<span class="na">mysql-write-db</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="na">image</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">mysql:latest"</span>
<span class="na">hostname</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">write_db_server</span>
<span class="na">environment</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=password</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">MYSQL_DATABASE=seckill</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">MYSQL_USER=seckill</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">MYSQL_PASSWORD=password</span>
<span class="na">ports</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">3306"</span>
<span class="na">activemq</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="na">image</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">webcenter/activemq:latest"</span>
<span class="na">hostname</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">queue-server</span>
<span class="na">ports</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">61616"</span>
<span class="na">admin-service</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="na">image</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">seckill-admin-service:0.2.0-SNAPSHOT"</span>
<span class="na">hostname</span><span class="pi">:</span> <span class="s">admin-service</span>
<span class="na">links</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">mysql-write-db:write_db.servicecomb.io"</span>
<span class="na">environment</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s">JAVA_OPTS=-Dspring.profiles.active=prd,cse -Dendpoints.shutdown.enabled=true</span>
<span class="na">ports</span><span class="pi">:</span>
<span class="pi">-</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="s">8081:8081"</span>
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>为了能够使containers互联互通，使用<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">links</code>指定链接关系，<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">ports</code>用于映射到Docker Host的端口，关于Docker Compose Yaml配置的更多信息，可以参见<a href="https://docs.docker.com/compose/">这篇文档</a>。</p>
<p>编写好docker-compose.yml后，切换到此文件目录，执行：</p>
<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>docker-compose up
</code></pre></div></div>
<p>即可将所有的微服务都拉起来。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>提示：</p>
<ol>
<li>docker-compose默认寻找当前文件夹下的docker-compose.yml文件作为编排配置文件，如果需要指定文件名或路径，请使用<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">docker-compose -f ${fullFileName}</code>；</li>
<li>如果container无需对外发布端口则可以不设置<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">ports</code>。</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="kubernetes集群部署">Kubernetes集群部署</h2>
<p>Kubernetes是谷歌开源的容器集群管理系统，目前已经具备生产化成熟度，虽然Java Chassis作为一个微服务框架与Kubernetes处于不同层次，但由于Kubernetes同样拥有注册-发现、弹性伸缩、监控等方面的功能，因此很容易与Java Chassis中相关功能搞混，我们需要比较深入的理解两者的差异。</p>
<h3 id="kubernetes">Kubernetes</h3>
<p><img src="/assets/images/K8S.png" alt="K8S" /></p>
<p>上图中，我们省去了网络细节，关注这几个点：</p>
<ol>
<li>Service的注册和发现：应用（app）实例（container）的启动或停止由Kubernetes管理，Kubernetes会依据Node的负载状况动态调配Host它们的Pod，那么这就带来一个问题：一个App想调用另外一个App，是如何知道目标App实例的IP和端口呢？因此Kubernetes引入了一个逻辑层次——Service，Service有唯一的名字，Kubernetes会将Service的所有App实例在Pod上的IP和端口保存在Name Service中，如果App之间的调用通过Service名，就可以通过Service名映射app实例的IP和端口，这个过程类似DNS。Kubernetes启动App实例并向Name Service登记的这个过程就是Service的注册，而一个App调用另外一个App从Name Service查询目标IP和端口的过程就是Service的发现；</li>
<li>弹性伸缩：弹性伸缩是Kubernetes的一个重要能力，通过配置弹性伸缩策略，支持使用CPU、内存使用率、连接数，或其他第三方的Metrics作为输入，如何设置请参考<a href="https://k8smeetup.github.io/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale-walkthrough/">这篇文档</a>；</li>
<li>负载均衡：有了Service注册和发现机制，Kubernetes以Service Name为中心构建负载均衡，Service有三种类型<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">NodePort</code>，<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">ClusterIP</code>和<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">LoadBalancer</code>，后两种具有负载均衡能力，<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">LoadBalancer</code>需要PaaS平台实现，因此对于本地Kubernetes集群多用<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">ClusterIP</code>；</li>
<li>监控：Kubernetes自带Heapster监控资源的使用。</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="java-chassis">Java Chassis</h3>
<p><img src="/assets/images/ServiceCombBasic.png" alt="ServiceCombBasic" /></p>
<p>上图是Java Chassis基本原理，我们同样解释几个点：</p>
<ol>
<li>Java Chassis的注册和发现：ServiceCenter是一个完整独立的注册中心，不同于Kubernetes的Name Service，它存储了微服务启动后上传的Swagger契约，契约中描述了调用路径、入参和出参，即对接口进行了全面的描述。其它微服务发起调用的时候，可以通过获取Producer的契约动态生成Consumer代码，也可以做调用预检查等；</li>
<li>弹性伸缩：Java Chassis作为一个SDK本身是无法启动微服务实例和调配资源的，因此没有此能力。</li>
<li>负载均衡：Java Chassis是Consumer端软负载均衡；当一个Java Chassis微服务启动后，会将获取的本地IP和设置的发布端口发布至ServiceCenter，ServiceCenter会立刻通知所有的其他微服务实例信息发生了变化，更新本地缓存，调整负载分配；</li>
<li>监控：Java Chassis并不带监控系统，它只可以输出Tracing、Metrics和Log数据，对接Zipkin、Prometheus等监控系统，当然Metrics也可以作为Kubernetes弹性伸缩策略的输入。</li>
</ol>
<p>综合上述，我们总结为下面的表格：</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: left">说明项</th>
<th style="text-align: left">Kubernetes</th>
<th style="text-align: left">Java Chassis</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left">定位</td>
<td style="text-align: left">容器集群管理系统</td>
<td style="text-align: left">微服务框架</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left">层次</td>
<td style="text-align: left">PaaS</td>
<td style="text-align: left">SDK</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left">Service的含义</td>
<td style="text-align: left">逻辑概念，用selector指向containers</td>
<td style="text-align: left">业务概念，微服务拆分后的业务</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left">注册和发现</td>
<td style="text-align: left">NameService为中心</td>
<td style="text-align: left">ServiceCenter为中心</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left">弹性伸缩</td>
<td style="text-align: left">调度资源启动或停止实例</td>
<td style="text-align: left">无此能力</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left">负载均衡</td>
<td style="text-align: left">name + selector机制</td>
<td style="text-align: left">Consumer端动态发现实例的变化</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: left">监控</td>
<td style="text-align: left">有集成的监控系统</td>
<td style="text-align: left">只作为监控系统的数据源</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="kubernetes--java-chassis">Kubernetes + Java Chassis</h3>
<p>理解了上面的内容之后，我们可以如下设计 Java Chassis在Kubernetes集群中的部署：</p>
<p><img src="/assets/images/ServiceCombInK8S.png" alt="ServiceCombInK8S" /></p>
<ul>
<li>将微服务的镜像上传至Kubernetes能够访问到的镜像仓库；</li>
<li>为每一个 Java Chassis微服务配置为一个Kubernetes Deployment并配置弹性伸缩策略；</li>
<li>ServerCenter如果作为一个Kubernetes Deployment部署，那么保证IP固定使得VPC内均可访问，也可以将ServiceCenter部署在外部，然后使用Kubernetes外部域名解析机制能够访问到它；</li>
<li>使用Fannel网络让Pod的IP能够互联互通， Java Chassis启动后会使用Pod的IP发布，保证能相互调用；否则配置使用<code class="language-plaintext highlighter-rouge">servicecomb.service.publishAddress</code>指定发布地址；</li>
<li>对于需要外部访问的 Java Chassis微服务，配置Kubernetes Service。</li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p>提示：</p>
<ol>
<li>请牢记 Java Chassis的负载均衡机制与Kubernetes的负载均衡机制无关，即Java Chassis的负载均衡并不走name + selector机制，也不需要配置Service；</li>
<li>上述部署细节可依据实际环境（例如网络）自行调整。</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="在kubernetes集群中部署java-chassis-company演示项目">在Kubernetes集群中部署Java Chassis Company演示项目</h3>
<p>Company是我们提供的一个有趣味性的演示项目：</p>
<ol>
<li>源代码地址：https://github.com/huaweicse/ServiceComb-Company-WorkShop</li>
<li>项目的详细讲解：http://servicecomb.apache.org/cn/docs/linuxcon-workshop-demo/</li>
</ol>
<p>如何在Kubernetes集群中部署Company：http://servicecomb.apache.org/cn/docs/company-on-kubernetes/</p>
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