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| |
| <h1 id="_1">流量特征治理</h1> |
| <p>流量特征治理旨在提供一种通用的，适合不同语言、不同微服务开发框架的治理规则。治理规则规定了微服务治理的过程、治理的策略， |
| 可以使用不同的开发框架、技术实现治理规则约定的治理能力。</p> |
| <p>开发者可以在 <a href="https://github.com/apache/servicecomb-java-chassis">ServiceComb Java Chassis</a>, <a href="https://github.com/go-chassis/go-chassis">Go Chassis</a>,<a href="https://github.com/huaweicloud/spring-cloud-huawei">Spring Cloud</a>, |
| <a href="https://github.com/huaweicloud/dubbo-servicecomb">Dubbo</a> 中使用该功能。</p> |
| <p><a href="https://github.com/apache/servicecomb-java-chassis">ServiceComb Java Chassis</a> 提供了实现 SDK，可以将其用于其他开发框架。SDK 默认采用 <a href="https://github.com/resilience4j">Resilience4j</a> |
| 实现治理过程。规范没有约束治理过程的实现框架，可以很方便的使用其他的治理框架实现治理过程。 </p> |
| <p>流量特征治理<a href="https://github.com/huaweicloud/spring-cloud-huawei/wiki/using-governance">概念和规范参考</a></p> |
| <h2 id="_2">使用客户端熔断</h2> |
| <p>在 <code>Handler</code> 中包含客户端熔断处理链：</p> |
| <pre><code class="language-yaml">servicecomb: |
| handler: |
| chain: |
| Consumer: |
| default: loadbalance,instance-isolation-consumer |
| </code></pre> |
| <p>配置参数：</p> |
| <pre><code>servicecomb: |
| instanceIsolation: |
| allOperation: | |
| minimumNumberOfCalls: 10 |
| slidingWindowSize: 20 |
| slidingWindowType: COUNT_BASED |
| failureRateThreshold: 50 |
| slowCallRateThreshold: 100 |
| slowCallDurationThreshold: 3000 |
| waitDurationInOpenState: 10000 |
| permittedNumberOfCallsInHalfOpenState: 10 |
| </code></pre> |
| <p>上诉参数使用计算滑动窗口，如果错误率超过50%，就会进行熔断。</p> |
| <h2 id="_3">使用客户端隔离仓</h2> |
| <p>在 <code>Handler</code> 中包含客户端熔断处理链：</p> |
| <pre><code class="language-yaml">servicecomb: |
| handler: |
| chain: |
| Consumer: |
| default: loadbalance,instance-bulkhead-consumer |
| </code></pre> |
| <p>配置参数：</p> |
| <pre><code>servicecomb: |
| instanceBulkhead: |
| allOperation: | |
| maxConcurrentCalls: 20 |
| maxWaitDuration: 1000 |
| </code></pre> |
| <p>上诉参数控制最大并发数为20，超过的请求会等待1000毫秒以获取许可，如果得到许可，可以继续处理，否则会拒绝请求。</p> |
| <h2 id="_4">使用重试</h2> |
| <p>配置参数：</p> |
| <pre><code class="language-yaml">servicecomb: |
| retry: |
| allOperation: | |
| maxAttempts: 2 |
| retryOnSame: 0 |
| </code></pre> |
| <p>maxAttempts表示最大重试次数（不包括第1次调用），retryOnSame表示使用第1次调用的实例进行重试次数。后续的重试会根据负载均衡策略，重新选择一个新的实例重试（也可能选择到同一个实例）。 </p> |
| <p><strong>注意事项:</strong></p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>并不是所有的异常都会触发重试。缺省的情况，只有网络异常，或者 502，503 错误码才会触发重试。 详细可以参考 <code>ServiceCombRetryExtension</code> 的定义。</li> |
| </ul> |
| <h2 id="_5">组合使用</h2> |
| <p>一个比较好的实践是组合使用 <code>重试</code> 、 <code>客户端熔断</code> 和 <code>客户端隔离仓</code>。</p> |
| <pre><code class="language-yaml">servicecomb: |
| handler: |
| chain: |
| Consumer: |
| default: loadbalance,instance-isolation-consumer,instance-bulkhead-consumer |
| </code></pre> |
| <p>这种组合可以防止偶然的实例错误导致的失败，也可以防止单个实例处理能力下降（比如刚刚启动的实例、故障的实例等场景）导致的整体故障。</p> |
| <pre><code>servicecomb: |
| retry: |
| allOperation: | |
| maxAttempts: 2 |
| retryOnSame: 0 |
| instanceIsolation: |
| allOperation: | |
| minimumNumberOfCalls: 10 |
| slidingWindowSize: 20 |
| slidingWindowType: COUNT_BASED |
| failureRateThreshold: 50 |
| slowCallRateThreshold: 100 |
| slowCallDurationThreshold: 3000 |
| waitDurationInOpenState: 10000 |
| permittedNumberOfCallsInHalfOpenState: 10 |
| instanceBulkhead: |
| allOperation: | |
| maxConcurrentCalls: 20 |
| maxWaitDuration: 1000 |
| </code></pre> |
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