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| <h2 id="_1">概念阐述</h2> |
| <p>微服务架构解决了很多单体应用带来的问题，但同时也需要我们付出额外的代价。由于网络的不稳定性带来的请求处理延迟就是代价之一。</p> |
| <p>在单体应用中，所有模块都在同一个进程中运行，所以并没有模块间互通的问题。但微服务架构中，服务间通过网络沟通，因此我们不得不处理和网络有关的 问题，例如：延迟、超时、网络分区等。</p> |
| <p>另外，随着业务的扩展服务增多，我们很难洞察数据如何在蛛网般复杂的服务结构中流转。我们如何才能有效的监控网络延迟并且可视化服务中的数据流转呢？</p> |
| <p><strong>分布式调用链追踪</strong>用于有效地监控微服务的网络延时并可视化微服务中的数据流转。</p> |
| <h2 id="zipkin">Zipkin</h2> |
| <blockquote> |
| <p><a href="http://zipkin.io/">Zipkin</a>是一个分布式调用链追踪系统。 它能帮助用户收集时序数据用以定位微服务中的延迟问题，它同时管理追踪数据的收集 和查询。Zipkin 的设计基于 Google <a href="http://research.google.com/pubs/pub36356.html">Dapper paper</a>。</p> |
| </blockquote> |
| <p>ServiceComb 集成了 Zipkin 提供自动调用链追踪能力，如此一来用户只需要专注实现其业务需求。</p> |
| <h2 id="_2">使用步骤:</h2> |
| <h3 id="_3">添加依赖</h3> |
| <p>基于 ServiceComb Java Chassis 的微服务只需要添加如下依赖到 pom.xml：</p> |
| <pre><code class="language-xml"><dependency> |
| <groupId>org.apache.servicecomb</groupId> |
| <artifactId>handler-tracing-zipkin</artifactId> |
| </dependency> |
| </code></pre> |
| <p>如果微服务是基于 Spring Cloud + Zuul 的 API 网关，例如 workshop demo 中的 manager service ，我们还需要加入如下的额外依赖：</p> |
| <pre><code class="language-xml"><dependency> |
| <groupId>org.apache.servicecomb</groupId> |
| <artifactId>spring-cloud-zuul-zipkin</artifactId> |
| </dependency> |
| </code></pre> |
| <h3 id="_4">配置追踪处理和数据收集 {#配置追踪处理和数据收集}</h3> |
| <p>在microservice.yaml文件中设置追踪处理器和数据收集服务地址</p> |
| <pre><code class="language-yaml"> servicecomb: |
| handler: |
| chain: |
| Consumer: |
| default: tracing-consumer |
| Provider: |
| default: tracing-provider |
| servicecomb: |
| tracing: |
| collector: |
| address: http://zipkin.servicecomb.io:9411 |
| </code></pre> |
| <p>就这样，在加了两个配置项，没改动一行代码的情况下，我们启动了基于 Zipkin 和 Java chassis 的分布式调用链追踪的功能。</p> |
| <p><strong>注意 </strong>如果项目中的其他依赖也引入了 zipkin （例如 Spring Cloud），可能导致 zipkin 版本不一致而运行出错，这时需要在项目 pom 中声明 zipkin 版本。</p> |
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