| <div role="region" aria-label="跳到主要内容"><a class="skipToContent_fXgn" href="#__docusaurus_skipToContent_fallback">跳到主要内容</a></div><nav aria-label="主导航" class="navbar navbar--fixed-top"><div class="navbar__inner"><div class="navbar__items"><button aria-label="切换导航栏" aria-expanded="false" class="navbar__toggle clean-btn" type="button"><svg width="30" height="30" viewBox="0 0 30 30" aria-hidden="true"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="2" d="M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22"></path></svg></button><a class="navbar__brand" href="/zh/"><div class="navbar__logo"><img src="/zh/img/Apache_RocketMQ_logo.svg.png" alt="My Site Logo" class="themedImage_ToTc themedImage--light_HNdA"><img src="/zh/img/Apache_RocketMQ_logo.svg.png" alt="My Site Logo" class="themedImage_ToTc themedImage--dark_i4oU"></div><b class="navbar__title text--truncate">Apache RocketMQ</b></a></div><div class="navbar__items navbar__items--right"><a href="https://github.com/apache/rocketmq" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="navbar__item navbar__link">GitHub<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a><div class="navbar__item dropdown dropdown--hoverable dropdown--right"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" role="button" class="navbar__link"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="20" height="20" aria-hidden="true" class="iconLanguage_nlXk"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12.87 15.07l-2.54-2.51.03-.03c1.74-1.94 2.98-4.17 3.71-6.53H17V4h-7V2H8v2H1v1.99h11.17C11.5 7.92 10.44 9.75 9 11.35 8.07 10.32 7.3 9.19 6.69 8h-2c.73 1.63 1.73 3.17 2.98 4.56l-5.09 5.02L4 19l5-5 3.11 3.11.76-2.04zM18.5 10h-2L12 22h2l1.12-3h4.75L21 22h2l-4.5-12zm-2.62 7l1.62-4.33L19.12 17h-3.24z"></path></svg>简体中文</a><ul class="dropdown__menu"><li><a href="/zh/docs/domainModel/09subscription" target="_self" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="dropdown__link dropdown__link--active" lang="zh">简体中文</a></li><li><a href="/docs/domainModel/09subscription" target="_self" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="dropdown__link" lang="en">English</a></li></ul></div><div class="navbar__item dropdown dropdown--hoverable dropdown--right"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" role="button" class="navbar__link">文档</a><ul class="dropdown__menu"><li><a aria-current="page" class="dropdown__link dropdown__link--active" href="/zh/docs/">5.0</a></li><li><a class="dropdown__link" href="/zh/docs/4.x/">4.x</a></li></ul></div><a class="navbar__item navbar__link" href="/zh/download">下载</a><div class="navbar__item dropdown dropdown--hoverable dropdown--right"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" role="button" class="navbar__link">博客</a><ul class="dropdown__menu"><li><a class="dropdown__link" href="/zh/blog">用户案例</a></li><li><a class="dropdown__link" href="/zh/events">社区活动</a></li><li><a class="dropdown__link" href="/zh/release-notes">版本变化</a></li><li><a class="dropdown__link" href="/zh/news">RocketMQ新闻</a></li></ul></div><div class="navbar__item dropdown dropdown--hoverable dropdown--right"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" role="button" class="navbar__link">社区</a><ul class="dropdown__menu"><li><a class="dropdown__link" href="/zh/contact">参与社区</a></li><li><a class="dropdown__link" href="/zh/origin">项目起源</a></li><li><a class="dropdown__link" href="/zh/team">贡献团队</a></li><li><a class="dropdown__link" href="/zh/docs/contributionGuide/01how-to-contribute">贡献说明</a></li><li><a class="dropdown__link" href="/zh/enterprise">企业用户</a></li></ul></div><div class="toggle_vylO colorModeToggle_DEke"><button class="clean-btn toggleButton_gllP toggleButtonDisabled_aARS" type="button" disabled="" title="切换浅色/暗黑模式（当前为浅色模式）" aria-label="切换浅色/暗黑模式（当前为浅色模式）" aria-live="polite"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" class="lightToggleIcon_pyhR"><path fill="currentColor" d="M12,9c1.65,0,3,1.35,3,3s-1.35,3-3,3s-3-1.35-3-3S10.35,9,12,9 M12,7c-2.76,0-5,2.24-5,5s2.24,5,5,5s5-2.24,5-5 S14.76,7,12,7L12,7z M2,13l2,0c0.55,0,1-0.45,1-1s-0.45-1-1-1l-2,0c-0.55,0-1,0.45-1,1S1.45,13,2,13z M20,13l2,0c0.55,0,1-0.45,1-1 s-0.45-1-1-1l-2,0c-0.55,0-1,0.45-1,1S19.45,13,20,13z M11,2v2c0,0.55,0.45,1,1,1s1-0.45,1-1V2c0-0.55-0.45-1-1-1S11,1.45,11,2z M11,20v2c0,0.55,0.45,1,1,1s1-0.45,1-1v-2c0-0.55-0.45-1-1-1C11.45,19,11,19.45,11,20z M5.99,4.58c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0 c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41l1.06,1.06c0.39,0.39,1.03,0.39,1.41,0s0.39-1.03,0-1.41L5.99,4.58z M18.36,16.95 c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41l1.06,1.06c0.39,0.39,1.03,0.39,1.41,0c0.39-0.39,0.39-1.03,0-1.41 L18.36,16.95z M19.42,5.99c0.39-0.39,0.39-1.03,0-1.41c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0l-1.06,1.06c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41 s1.03,0.39,1.41,0L19.42,5.99z M7.05,18.36c0.39-0.39,0.39-1.03,0-1.41c-0.39-0.39-1.03-0.39-1.41,0l-1.06,1.06 c-0.39,0.39-0.39,1.03,0,1.41s1.03,0.39,1.41,0L7.05,18.36z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" class="darkToggleIcon_wfgR"><path fill="currentColor" d="M9.37,5.51C9.19,6.15,9.1,6.82,9.1,7.5c0,4.08,3.32,7.4,7.4,7.4c0.68,0,1.35-0.09,1.99-0.27C17.45,17.19,14.93,19,12,19 c-3.86,0-7-3.14-7-7C5,9.07,6.81,6.55,9.37,5.51z M12,3c-4.97,0-9,4.03-9,9s4.03,9,9,9s9-4.03,9-9c0-0.46-0.04-0.92-0.1-1.36 c-0.98,1.37-2.58,2.26-4.4,2.26c-2.98,0-5.4-2.42-5.4-5.4c0-1.81,0.89-3.42,2.26-4.4C12.92,3.04,12.46,3,12,3L12,3z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="searchBox_ZlJk"><button type="button" class="DocSearch DocSearch-Button" aria-label="搜索"><span class="DocSearch-Button-Container"><svg width="20" height="20" class="DocSearch-Search-Icon" viewBox="0 0 20 20" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M14.386 14.386l4.0877 4.0877-4.0877-4.0877c-2.9418 2.9419-7.7115 2.9419-10.6533 0-2.9419-2.9418-2.9419-7.7115 0-10.6533 2.9418-2.9419 7.7115-2.9419 10.6533 0 2.9419 2.9418 2.9419 7.7115 0 10.6533z" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg><span class="DocSearch-Button-Placeholder">搜索</span></span><span class="DocSearch-Button-Keys"></span></button></div></div></div><div role="presentation" class="navbar-sidebar__backdrop"></div></nav><div id="__docusaurus_skipToContent_fallback" class="main-wrapper mainWrapper_z2l0 docsWrapper_BCFX"><button aria-label="回到顶部" class="clean-btn theme-back-to-top-button backToTopButton_sjWU" type="button"></button><div class="docPage__5DB"><aside class="theme-doc-sidebar-container docSidebarContainer_b6E3"><div class="sidebarViewport_Xe31"><div class="sidebar_njMd"><nav aria-label="文档侧边栏" class="menu thin-scrollbar menu_SIkG"><ul class="theme-doc-sidebar-menu menu__list"><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="/zh/docs/">基本概念</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="/zh/docs/quickStart/01quickstart">快速开始</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret menu__link--active" aria-expanded="true" href="/zh/docs/domainModel/01main">领域模型</a></div><ul style="display:block;overflow:visible;height:auto" class="menu__list"><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="/zh/docs/domainModel/01main">领域模型概述</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="/zh/docs/domainModel/02topic">主题（Topic）</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="/zh/docs/domainModel/03messagequeue">队列（MessageQueue）</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="/zh/docs/domainModel/04message">消息（Message）</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="/zh/docs/domainModel/04producer">生产者（Producer）</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="/zh/docs/domainModel/07consumergroup">消费者分组（ConsumerGroup）</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link" tabindex="0" href="/zh/docs/domainModel/08consumer">消费者（Consumer）</a></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-link theme-doc-sidebar-item-link-level-2 menu__list-item"><a class="menu__link menu__link--active" aria-current="page" tabindex="0" href="/zh/docs/domainModel/09subscription">订阅关系（Subscription）</a></li></ul></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="/zh/docs/featureBehavior/01normalmessage">功能特性</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="/zh/docs/deploymentOperations/01deploy">部署 & 运维</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="/zh/docs/observability/01metrics">可观测</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="/zh/docs/sdk/01overview">客户端 SDK</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="/zh/docs/bestPractice/01bestpractice">最佳实践</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="/zh/docs/eventbridge/01RocketMQEventBridgeConcepts">RocketMQ EventBridge</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="/zh/docs/mqtt/01RocketMQMQTTOverview">RocketMQ MQTT</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="/zh/docs/connect/01RocketMQ Connect Overview">RocketMQ Connect</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="/zh/docs/streams/01RocketMQ Streams Overview">RocketMQ Streams</a></div></li><li class="theme-doc-sidebar-item-category theme-doc-sidebar-item-category-level-1 menu__list-item menu__list-item--collapsed"><div class="menu__list-item-collapsible"><a class="menu__link menu__link--sublist menu__link--sublist-caret" aria-expanded="false" href="/zh/docs/contributionGuide/01how-to-contribute">贡献指南</a></div></li></ul></nav></div></div></aside><main class="docMainContainer_gTbr"><div class="container padding-top--md padding-bottom--lg"><div class="row"><div class="col docItemCol_VOVn"><div class="docItemContainer_Djhp"><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label="页面路径"><ul class="breadcrumbs" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList"><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><a aria-label="主页面" class="breadcrumbs__link" href="/zh/"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT"><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></a></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">领域模型</span><meta itemprop="position" content="1"></li><li itemscope="" itemprop="itemListElement" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class="breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="name">订阅关系（Subscription）</span><meta itemprop="position" content="2"></li></ul></nav><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">版本：5.0</span><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">本页总览</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><h1>订阅关系（Subscription）</h1><p>本文介绍 Apache RocketMQ 中订阅关系（Subscription）的定义、模型关系、内部属性及使用建议。</p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="定义">定义<a href="#定义" class="hash-link" aria-label="定义的直接链接" title="定义的直接链接"></a></h2><p>订阅关系是 Apache RocketMQ 系统中消费者获取消息、处理消息的规则和状态配置。</p><p>订阅关系由消费者分组动态注册到服务端系统，并在后续的消息传输中按照订阅关系定义的过滤规则进行消息匹配和消费进度维护。</p><p>通过配置订阅关系，可控制如下传输行为：</p><ul><li><p>消息过滤规则：用于控制消费者在消费消息时，选择主题内的哪些消息进行消费，设置消费过滤规则可以高效地过滤消费者需要的消息集合，灵活根据不同的业务场景设置不同的消息接收范围。具体信息，请参见<a href="/zh/docs/featureBehavior/07messagefilter">消息过滤</a>。</p></li><li><p>消费状态：Apache RocketMQ 服务端默认提供订阅关系持久化的能力，即消费者分组在服务端注册订阅关系后，当消费者离线并再次上线后，可以获取离线前的消费进度并继续消费。</p></li></ul><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="订阅关系判断原则">订阅关系判断原则<a href="#订阅关系判断原则" class="hash-link" aria-label="订阅关系判断原则的直接链接" title="订阅关系判断原则的直接链接"></a></h2><p>Apache RocketMQ 的订阅关系按照消费者分组和主题粒度设计，因此，一个订阅关系指的是指定某个消费者分组对于某个主题的订阅，判断原则如下：</p><ul><li><p>不同消费者分组对于同一个主题的订阅相互独立如下图所示，消费者分组Group A和消费者分组Group B分别以不同的订阅关系订阅了同一个主题Topic A，这两个订阅关系互相独立，可以各自定义，不受影响。</p><p><img loading="lazy" alt="订阅关系不同分组" src="/zh/assets/images/subscription_diff_group-0b215b9bb822b4bf43c388e9155ecca1.png" width="1193" height="737" class="img_ev3q"></p></li><li><p>同一个消费者分组对于不同主题的订阅也相互独立如下图所示，消费者分组Group A订阅了两个主题Topic A和Topic B，对于Group A中的消费者来说，订阅的Topic A为一个订阅关系，订阅的Topic B为另外一个订阅关系，且这两个订阅关系互相独立，可以各自定义，不受影响。</p><p><img loading="lazy" alt="订阅关系相同分组" src="/zh/assets/images/subscription_one_group-77bd92b987e8264ad3c5f27b29463942.png" width="1345" height="466" class="img_ev3q"></p></li></ul><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="模型关系">模型关系<a href="#模型关系" class="hash-link" aria-label="模型关系的直接链接" title="模型关系的直接链接"></a></h2><p>在 Apache RocketMQ 的领域模型中，订阅关系的位置和流程如下：<img loading="lazy" alt="订阅关系" src="/zh/assets/images/archiforsubsciption-a495c04e71ed64b9403b689f9413ed08.png" width="1977" height="877" class="img_ev3q"></p><ol><li><p>消息由生产者初始化并发送到Apache RocketMQ 服务端。</p></li><li><p>消息按照到达Apache RocketMQ 服务端的顺序存储到主题的指定队列中。</p></li><li><p>消费者按照指定的订阅关系从Apache RocketMQ 服务端中获取消息并消费。</p></li></ol><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="内部属性">内部属性<a href="#内部属性" class="hash-link" aria-label="内部属性的直接链接" title="内部属性的直接链接"></a></h2><p><strong>过滤类型</strong></p><ul><li><p>定义：消息过滤规则的类型。订阅关系中设置消息过滤规则后，系统将按照过滤规则匹配主题中的消息，只将符合条件的消息投递给消费者消费，实现消息的再次分类。</p></li><li><p>取值：</p><ul><li><p>TAG过滤：按照Tag字符串进行全文过滤匹配。</p></li><li><p>SQL92过滤：按照SQL语法对消息属性进行过滤匹配。</p></li></ul></li></ul><p><strong>过滤表达式</strong></p><ul><li><p>定义：自定义的过滤规则表达式。</p></li><li><p>取值：具体取值规范，请参见<a href="/zh/docs/featureBehavior/07messagefilter">过滤表达式语法规范</a>。</p></li></ul><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="行为约束">行为约束<a href="#行为约束" class="hash-link" aria-label="行为约束的直接链接" title="行为约束的直接链接"></a></h2><p><strong>订阅关系一致</strong></p><p>Apache RocketMQ 是按照消费者分组粒度管理订阅关系，因此，同一消费者分组内的消费者在消费逻辑上必须保持一致，否则会出现消费冲突，导致部分消息消费异常。</p><ul><li><p>正确示例</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">//Consumer c1</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">Consumer c1 = ConsumerBuilder.build(groupA);</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">c1.subscribe(topicA,"TagA");</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">//Consumer c2</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">Consumer c2 = ConsumerBuilder.build(groupA);</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">c2.subscribe(topicA,"TagA");</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="复制代码到剪贴板" title="复制" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ul><ul><li><p>错误示例</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#393A34;--prism-background-color:#f6f8fa"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">//Consumer c1</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">Consumer c1 = ConsumerBuilder.build(groupA);</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">c1.subscribe(topicA,"TagA");</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">//Consumer c2</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">Consumer c2 = ConsumerBuilder.build(groupA);</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain">c2.subscribe(topicA,"TagB");</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="复制代码到剪贴板" title="复制" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonIcon_y97N"><path fill="currentColor" d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ul><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="使用建议">使用建议<a href="#使用建议" class="hash-link" aria-label="使用建议的直接链接" title="使用建议的直接链接"></a></h2><p><strong>建议不要频繁修改订阅关系</strong></p><p>在 Apache RocketMQ 领域模型中，订阅关系关联了过滤规则、消费进度等元数据和相关配置，同时系统需要保证消费者分组下的所有消费者的消费行为、消费逻辑、负载策略等一致，整体运算逻辑比较复杂。因此，不建议在生产环境中通过频繁修改订阅关系来实现业务逻辑的变更，这样可能会导致客户端一直处于负载均衡调整和变更的过程，从而影响消息接收。</p></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/apache/rocketmq-site/tree/new-official-website/versioned_docs/version-5.0/03-domainModel/09subscription.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>编辑此页</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_vwxv"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="文件选项卡"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/zh/docs/domainModel/08consumer"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">上一页</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">消费者（Consumer）</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/zh/docs/featureBehavior/01normalmessage"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">下一页</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">普通消息</div></a></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar theme-doc-toc-desktop"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#定义" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">定义</a></li><li><a href="#订阅关系判断原则" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">订阅关系判断原则</a></li><li><a href="#模型关系" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">模型关系</a></li><li><a href="#内部属性" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">内部属性</a></li><li><a href="#行为约束" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">行为约束</a></li><li><a href="#使用建议" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">使用建议</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="footer footer--dark"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="row footer__links"><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">Learn</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/zh/docs/domainModel/01main">Introduction</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/zh/docs/quickStart/01quickstart">Installation</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/zh/version">Migration from 4.x to 5.0</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">Community</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://twitter.com/ApacheRocketMQ" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Twitter<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/apache/rocketmq" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Github</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/apache/rocketmq" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Help</a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">More</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/zh/blog">Blog</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a class="footer__link-item" href="/zh/release-notes">Changelog</a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://github.com/apache/rocketmq" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">GitHub<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://twitter.com/docusaurus" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Twitter<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li></ul></div><div class="col footer__col"><div class="footer__title">Legal</div><ul class="footer__items clean-list"><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Licenses<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/security/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Security<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Thanks<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li><li class="footer__item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footer__link-item">Sponsorship<svg width="13.5" height="13.5" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="iconExternalLink_nPIU"><path fill="currentColor" d="M21 13v10h-21v-19h12v2h-10v15h17v-8h2zm3-12h-10.988l4.035 4-6.977 7.07 2.828 2.828 6.977-7.07 4.125 4.172v-11z"></path></svg></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="margin-bottom--sm"><a href="https://rocketmq.apache.org/" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="footerLogoLink_BH7S"><img src="/zh/img/Apache_RocketMQ_logo.svg.png" alt="Meta Open Source Logo" class="themedImage_ToTc themedImage--light_HNdA footer__logo"><img src="/zh/img/Apache_RocketMQ_logo.svg.png" alt="Meta Open Source Logo" class="themedImage_ToTc themedImage--dark_i4oU footer__logo"></a></div><div class="footer__copyright">Copyright © 2024 The Apache Software Foundation. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0.</div></div></div></footer></div> |
