| /** |
| * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one |
| * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file |
| * distributed with this work for additional information |
| * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file |
| * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the |
| * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance |
| * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at |
| * |
| * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| * |
| * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, |
| * software distributed under the License is distributed on an |
| * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY |
| * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the |
| * specific language governing permissions and limitations |
| * under the License. |
| */ |
| package org.apache.pulsar.client.impl; |
| |
| import static org.testng.Assert.assertEquals; |
| import static org.testng.Assert.assertFalse; |
| import static org.testng.Assert.assertNull; |
| import static org.testng.Assert.assertTrue; |
| import static org.testng.Assert.fail; |
| import com.google.common.collect.Lists; |
| import com.google.common.collect.Sets; |
| import java.io.IOException; |
| import java.util.ArrayList; |
| import java.util.Arrays; |
| import java.util.HashSet; |
| import java.util.List; |
| import java.util.Set; |
| import java.util.UUID; |
| import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture; |
| import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch; |
| import java.util.concurrent.Future; |
| import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; |
| |
| import lombok.Cleanup; |
| import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.broker.auth.MockedPulsarServiceBaseTest; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.broker.service.StickyKeyConsumerSelector; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.client.admin.PulsarAdminException; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.Consumer; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.Message; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.MessageId; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.MessageRoutingMode; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.Producer; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.ProducerBuilder; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.PulsarClientException; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.Range; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.Reader; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.ReaderBuilder; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.Schema; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.common.naming.TopicName; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.ClusterData; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.RetentionPolicies; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.TenantInfoImpl; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.common.policies.data.TopicStats; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.common.util.Murmur3_32Hash; |
| import org.apache.pulsar.schema.Schemas; |
| import org.awaitility.Awaitility; |
| import org.testng.Assert; |
| import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod; |
| import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod; |
| import org.testng.annotations.Test; |
| |
| @Slf4j |
| @Test(groups = "broker-impl") |
| public class ReaderTest extends MockedPulsarServiceBaseTest { |
| |
| private static final String subscription = "reader-sub"; |
| |
| @BeforeMethod |
| @Override |
| protected void setup() throws Exception { |
| super.internalSetup(); |
| |
| admin.clusters().createCluster("test", |
| ClusterData.builder().serviceUrl(pulsar.getWebServiceAddress()).build()); |
| admin.tenants().createTenant("my-property", |
| new TenantInfoImpl(Sets.newHashSet("appid1", "appid2"), Sets.newHashSet("test"))); |
| admin.namespaces().createNamespace("my-property/my-ns", Sets.newHashSet("test")); |
| } |
| |
| @AfterMethod(alwaysRun = true) |
| @Override |
| protected void cleanup() throws Exception { |
| super.internalCleanup(); |
| } |
| |
| private Set<String> publishMessages(String topic, int count, boolean enableBatch) throws Exception { |
| Set<String> keys = new HashSet<>(); |
| ProducerBuilder<byte[]> builder = pulsarClient.newProducer(); |
| builder.messageRoutingMode(MessageRoutingMode.SinglePartition); |
| builder.maxPendingMessages(count); |
| // disable periodical flushing |
| builder.batchingMaxPublishDelay(1, TimeUnit.DAYS); |
| builder.topic(topic); |
| if (enableBatch) { |
| builder.enableBatching(true); |
| builder.batchingMaxMessages(count); |
| } else { |
| builder.enableBatching(false); |
| } |
| try (Producer<byte[]> producer = builder.create()) { |
| Future<?> lastFuture = null; |
| for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { |
| String key = "key"+i; |
| byte[] data = ("my-message-" + i).getBytes(); |
| lastFuture = producer.newMessage().key(key).value(data).sendAsync(); |
| keys.add(key); |
| } |
| producer.flush(); |
| lastFuture.get(); |
| } |
| return keys; |
| } |
| |
| @Test |
| public void testReadMessageWithoutBatching() throws Exception { |
| String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/my-reader-topic"; |
| testReadMessages(topic, false); |
| } |
| |
| @Test |
| public void testReadMessageWithoutBatchingWithMessageInclusive() throws Exception { |
| String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/my-reader-topic-inclusive"; |
| Set<String> keys = publishMessages(topic, 10, false); |
| |
| Reader<byte[]> reader = pulsarClient.newReader().topic(topic).startMessageId(MessageId.latest) |
| .startMessageIdInclusive().readerName(subscription).create(); |
| |
| Assert.assertTrue(reader.hasMessageAvailable()); |
| Assert.assertTrue(keys.remove(reader.readNext().getKey())); |
| Assert.assertFalse(reader.hasMessageAvailable()); |
| } |
| |
| @Test |
| public void testReadMessageWithBatching() throws Exception { |
| String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/my-reader-topic-with-batching"; |
| testReadMessages(topic, true); |
| } |
| |
| @Test |
| public void testReadMessageWithBatchingWithMessageInclusive() throws Exception { |
| String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/my-reader-topic-with-batching-inclusive"; |
| Set<String> keys = publishMessages(topic, 10, true); |
| |
| Reader<byte[]> reader = pulsarClient.newReader().topic(topic).startMessageId(MessageId.latest) |
| .startMessageIdInclusive().readerName(subscription).create(); |
| |
| while (reader.hasMessageAvailable()) { |
| Assert.assertTrue(keys.remove(reader.readNext().getKey())); |
| } |
| // start from latest with start message inclusive should only read the last message in batch |
| assertEquals(keys.size(), 9); |
| Assert.assertFalse(keys.contains("key9")); |
| Assert.assertFalse(reader.hasMessageAvailable()); |
| } |
| |
| private void testReadMessages(String topic, boolean enableBatch) throws Exception { |
| int numKeys = 10; |
| |
| Set<String> keys = publishMessages(topic, numKeys, enableBatch); |
| Reader<byte[]> reader = pulsarClient.newReader() |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest) |
| .readerName(subscription) |
| .create(); |
| |
| while (reader.hasMessageAvailable()) { |
| Message<byte[]> message = reader.readNext(); |
| Assert.assertTrue(keys.remove(message.getKey())); |
| } |
| Assert.assertTrue(keys.isEmpty()); |
| |
| Reader<byte[]> readLatest = pulsarClient.newReader().topic(topic).startMessageId(MessageId.latest) |
| .readerName(subscription + "latest").create(); |
| Assert.assertFalse(readLatest.hasMessageAvailable()); |
| } |
| |
| @Test |
| public void testMultiTopicSeekByFunction() throws Exception { |
| final String topicName = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/test" + UUID.randomUUID(); |
| int msgNum = 10; |
| publishMessages(topicName, msgNum, false); |
| Reader<byte[]> reader = pulsarClient |
| .newReader().startMessageIdInclusive().startMessageId(MessageId.latest) |
| .topic(topicName).subscriptionName("my-sub").create(); |
| long now = System.currentTimeMillis(); |
| reader.seek((topic) -> now); |
| assertNull(reader.readNext(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)); |
| // seek by time |
| reader.seek((topic) -> { |
| assertFalse(TopicName.get(topic).isPartitioned()); |
| return now - 999999; |
| }); |
| int count = 0; |
| while (true) { |
| Message<byte[]> message = reader.readNext(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS); |
| if (message == null) { |
| break; |
| } |
| count++; |
| } |
| assertEquals(count, msgNum); |
| // seek by msg id |
| reader.seek((topic) -> { |
| assertFalse(TopicName.get(topic).isPartitioned()); |
| return MessageId.earliest; |
| }); |
| count = 0; |
| while (true) { |
| Message<byte[]> message = reader.readNext(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS); |
| if (message == null) { |
| break; |
| } |
| count++; |
| } |
| assertEquals(count, msgNum); |
| } |
| |
| @Test |
| public void testReadFromPartition() throws Exception { |
| String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/testReadFromPartition"; |
| String partition0 = topic + "-partition-0"; |
| admin.topics().createPartitionedTopic(topic, 4); |
| int numKeys = 10; |
| |
| Set<String> keys = publishMessages(partition0, numKeys, false); |
| Reader<byte[]> reader = pulsarClient.newReader() |
| .topic(partition0) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest) |
| .create(); |
| |
| while (reader.hasMessageAvailable()) { |
| Message<byte[]> message = reader.readNext(); |
| Assert.assertTrue(keys.remove(message.getKey())); |
| } |
| Assert.assertTrue(keys.isEmpty()); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * It verifies that reader can set initial position based on provided rollback time. |
| * <pre> |
| * 1. publish messages which are 5 hour old |
| * 2. publish messages which are 1 hour old |
| * 3. Create reader with rollback time 2 hours |
| * 4. Reader should be able to read only messages which are only 2 hours old |
| * </pre> |
| * @throws Exception |
| */ |
| @Test |
| public void testReaderWithTimeLong() throws Exception { |
| String ns = "my-property/my-ns"; |
| String topic = "persistent://" + ns + "/testReadFromPartition"; |
| RetentionPolicies retention = new RetentionPolicies(-1, -1); |
| admin.namespaces().setRetention(ns, retention); |
| |
| ProducerBuilder<byte[]> produceBuilder = pulsarClient.newProducer(); |
| produceBuilder.topic(topic); |
| produceBuilder.enableBatching(false); |
| Producer<byte[]> producer = produceBuilder.create(); |
| MessageId lastMsgId = null; |
| int totalMsg = 10; |
| // (1) Publish 10 messages with publish-time 5 HOUR back |
| long oldMsgPublishTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - TimeUnit.HOURS.toMillis(5); // 5 hours old |
| for (int i = 0; i < totalMsg; i++) { |
| TypedMessageBuilderImpl<byte[]> msg = (TypedMessageBuilderImpl<byte[]>) producer.newMessage() |
| .value(("old" + i).getBytes()); |
| msg.getMetadataBuilder() |
| .setPublishTime(oldMsgPublishTime) |
| .setSequenceId(i) |
| .setProducerName(producer.getProducerName()) |
| .setReplicatedFrom("us-west1"); |
| lastMsgId = msg.send(); |
| } |
| |
| // (2) Publish 10 messages with publish-time 1 HOUR back |
| long newMsgPublishTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - TimeUnit.HOURS.toMillis(1); // 1 hour old |
| MessageId firstMsgId = null; |
| for (int i = 0; i < totalMsg; i++) { |
| TypedMessageBuilderImpl<byte[]> msg = (TypedMessageBuilderImpl<byte[]>) producer.newMessage() |
| .value(("new" + i).getBytes()); |
| msg.getMetadataBuilder() |
| .setPublishTime(newMsgPublishTime) |
| .setProducerName(producer.getProducerName()) |
| .setReplicatedFrom("us-west1"); |
| MessageId msgId = msg.send(); |
| if (firstMsgId == null) { |
| firstMsgId = msgId; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| // (3) Create reader and set position 1 hour back so, it should only read messages which are 2 hours old which |
| // published on step 2 |
| Reader<byte[]> reader = pulsarClient.newReader().topic(topic) |
| .startMessageFromRollbackDuration(2, TimeUnit.HOURS).create(); |
| |
| List<MessageId> receivedMessageIds = Lists.newArrayList(); |
| |
| while (reader.hasMessageAvailable()) { |
| Message<byte[]> msg = reader.readNext(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS); |
| if (msg == null) { |
| break; |
| } |
| System.out.println("msg.getMessageId()=" + msg.getMessageId() + ", data=" + (new String(msg.getData()))); |
| receivedMessageIds.add(msg.getMessageId()); |
| } |
| |
| assertEquals(receivedMessageIds.size(), totalMsg); |
| assertEquals(receivedMessageIds.get(0), firstMsgId); |
| |
| restartBroker(); |
| |
| assertFalse(reader.hasMessageAvailable()); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * We need to ensure that delete subscription of read also need to delete the |
| * non-durable cursor, because data deletion depends on the mark delete position of all cursors. |
| */ |
| @Test |
| public void testRemoveSubscriptionForReaderNeedRemoveCursor() throws IOException, PulsarAdminException { |
| |
| final String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/testRemoveSubscriptionForReaderNeedRemoveCursor"; |
| |
| @Cleanup |
| Reader<byte[]> reader1 = pulsarClient.newReader() |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest) |
| .create(); |
| |
| @Cleanup |
| Reader<byte[]> reader2 = pulsarClient.newReader() |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest) |
| .create(); |
| |
| Assert.assertEquals(admin.topics().getStats(topic).getSubscriptions().size(), 2); |
| Assert.assertEquals(admin.topics().getInternalStats(topic, false).cursors.size(), 2); |
| |
| reader1.close(); |
| |
| Assert.assertEquals(admin.topics().getStats(topic).getSubscriptions().size(), 1); |
| Assert.assertEquals(admin.topics().getInternalStats(topic, false).cursors.size(), 1); |
| |
| reader2.close(); |
| |
| Assert.assertEquals(admin.topics().getStats(topic).getSubscriptions().size(), 0); |
| Assert.assertEquals(admin.topics().getInternalStats(topic, false).cursors.size(), 0); |
| |
| } |
| |
| @Test |
| public void testReaderHasMessageAvailable() throws Exception { |
| final String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/testReaderHasMessageAvailable" + System.currentTimeMillis(); |
| @Cleanup |
| Reader<String> reader = pulsarClient.newReader(Schema.STRING) |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.latest) |
| .startMessageIdInclusive() |
| .create(); |
| assertFalse(reader.hasMessageAvailable()); |
| } |
| |
| @Test |
| public void testKeyHashRangeReader() throws IOException { |
| final List<String> keys = Arrays.asList("0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"); |
| final String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/testKeyHashRangeReader"; |
| |
| try { |
| pulsarClient.newReader() |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest) |
| .keyHashRange(Range.of(0, 10000), Range.of(8000, 12000)) |
| .create(); |
| fail("should failed with unexpected key hash range"); |
| } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { |
| log.error("Create key hash range failed", e); |
| } |
| |
| try { |
| pulsarClient.newReader() |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest) |
| .keyHashRange(Range.of(30000, 20000)) |
| .create(); |
| fail("should failed with unexpected key hash range"); |
| } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { |
| log.error("Create key hash range failed", e); |
| } |
| |
| try { |
| pulsarClient.newReader() |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest) |
| .keyHashRange(Range.of(80000, 90000)) |
| .create(); |
| fail("should failed with unexpected key hash range"); |
| } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { |
| log.error("Create key hash range failed", e); |
| } |
| |
| @Cleanup |
| Reader<String> reader = pulsarClient.newReader(Schema.STRING) |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest) |
| .keyHashRange(Range.of(0, StickyKeyConsumerSelector.DEFAULT_RANGE_SIZE / 2)) |
| .create(); |
| |
| @Cleanup |
| Producer<String> producer = pulsarClient.newProducer(Schema.STRING) |
| .topic(topic) |
| .enableBatching(false) |
| .create(); |
| |
| int expectedMessages = 0; |
| for (String key : keys) { |
| int slot = Murmur3_32Hash.getInstance().makeHash(key.getBytes()) |
| % StickyKeyConsumerSelector.DEFAULT_RANGE_SIZE; |
| if (slot <= StickyKeyConsumerSelector.DEFAULT_RANGE_SIZE / 2) { |
| expectedMessages++; |
| } |
| producer.newMessage() |
| .key(key) |
| .value(key) |
| .send(); |
| log.info("Publish message to slot {}", slot); |
| } |
| |
| List<String> receivedMessages = new ArrayList<>(); |
| |
| Message<String> msg; |
| do { |
| msg = reader.readNext(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS); |
| if (msg != null) { |
| receivedMessages.add(msg.getValue()); |
| } |
| } while (msg != null); |
| |
| assertTrue(expectedMessages > 0); |
| assertEquals(receivedMessages.size(), expectedMessages); |
| for (String receivedMessage : receivedMessages) { |
| log.info("Receive message {}", receivedMessage); |
| assertTrue(Integer.parseInt(receivedMessage) <= StickyKeyConsumerSelector.DEFAULT_RANGE_SIZE / 2); |
| } |
| |
| } |
| |
| @Test |
| public void testReaderSubName() throws Exception { |
| doTestReaderSubName(true); |
| doTestReaderSubName(false); |
| } |
| |
| private void doTestReaderSubName(boolean setPrefix) throws Exception { |
| final String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/testReaderSubName" + System.currentTimeMillis(); |
| final String subName = "my-sub-name"; |
| |
| ReaderBuilder<String> builder = pulsarClient.newReader(Schema.STRING) |
| .subscriptionName(subName) |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest); |
| if (setPrefix) { |
| builder = builder.subscriptionRolePrefix(subName + System.currentTimeMillis()); |
| } |
| Reader<String> reader = builder.create(); |
| ReaderImpl<String> readerImpl = (ReaderImpl<String>) reader; |
| assertEquals(readerImpl.getConsumer().getSubscription(), subName); |
| reader.close(); |
| |
| final String topic2 = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/testReaderSubName2" + System.currentTimeMillis(); |
| admin.topics().createPartitionedTopic(topic2, 3); |
| builder = pulsarClient.newReader(Schema.STRING) |
| .subscriptionName(subName) |
| .topic(topic2) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest); |
| if (setPrefix) { |
| builder = builder.subscriptionRolePrefix(subName + System.currentTimeMillis()); |
| } |
| reader = builder.create(); |
| MultiTopicsReaderImpl<String> multiTopicsReader = (MultiTopicsReaderImpl<String>) reader; |
| multiTopicsReader.getMultiTopicsConsumer().getConsumers() |
| .forEach(consumerImpl -> assertEquals(consumerImpl.getSubscription(), subName)); |
| multiTopicsReader.close(); |
| } |
| |
| @Test |
| public void testSameSubName() throws Exception { |
| final String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/testSameSubName"; |
| final String subName = "my-sub-name"; |
| |
| Reader<String> reader = pulsarClient.newReader(Schema.STRING) |
| .subscriptionName(subName) |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest).create(); |
| //We can not create a new reader with the same subscription name |
| try (Reader<String> ignored = pulsarClient.newReader(Schema.STRING) |
| .subscriptionName(subName) |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest).create()) { |
| fail("should fail"); |
| } catch (PulsarClientException e) { |
| assertTrue(e instanceof PulsarClientException.ConsumerBusyException); |
| assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("Exclusive consumer is already connected")); |
| } |
| //It is possible to create a new reader with the same subscription name after closing the first reader |
| reader.close(); |
| pulsarClient.newReader(Schema.STRING) |
| .subscriptionName(subName) |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest).create().close(); |
| |
| } |
| |
| @Test(timeOut = 30000) |
| public void testAvoidUsingIoThreadToGetValueOfMessage() throws Exception { |
| final String topic = "persistent://my-property/my-ns/testAvoidUsingIoThreadToGetValueOfMessage"; |
| |
| @Cleanup |
| Producer<Schemas.PersonOne> producer = pulsarClient.newProducer(Schema.AVRO(Schemas.PersonOne.class)) |
| .topic(topic) |
| .create(); |
| |
| producer.send(new Schemas.PersonOne(1)); |
| |
| @Cleanup |
| Reader<Schemas.PersonOne> reader = pulsarClient.newReader(Schema.AVRO(Schemas.PersonOne.class)) |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest) |
| .create(); |
| |
| CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1); |
| List<Schemas.PersonOne> received = new ArrayList<>(1); |
| // Make sure the message is added to the incoming queue |
| Awaitility.await().untilAsserted(() -> |
| assertTrue(((ReaderImpl<?>) reader).getConsumer().incomingMessages.size() > 0)); |
| reader.hasMessageAvailableAsync().whenComplete((has, e) -> { |
| if (e == null && has) { |
| CompletableFuture<Message<Schemas.PersonOne>> future = reader.readNextAsync(); |
| // Make sure the future completed |
| Awaitility.await().pollInterval(1, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).untilAsserted(future::isDone); |
| future.whenComplete((msg, ex) -> { |
| if (ex == null) { |
| received.add(msg.getValue()); |
| } |
| latch.countDown(); |
| }); |
| } else { |
| latch.countDown(); |
| } |
| }); |
| latch.await(); |
| Assert.assertEquals(received.size(), 1); |
| } |
| |
| @Test(timeOut = 1000 * 10) |
| public void removeNonPersistentTopicReaderTest() throws Exception { |
| final String topic = "non-persistent://my-property/my-ns/non-topic"; |
| |
| Reader<byte[]> reader = pulsarClient.newReader() |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest) |
| .create(); |
| Reader<byte[]> reader2 = pulsarClient.newReader() |
| .topic(topic) |
| .startMessageId(MessageId.earliest) |
| .create(); |
| |
| Awaitility.await() |
| .pollDelay(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS) |
| .until(() -> { |
| TopicStats topicStats = admin.topics().getStats(topic); |
| System.out.println("subscriptions size: " + topicStats.getSubscriptions().size()); |
| return topicStats.getSubscriptions().size() == 2; |
| }); |
| |
| reader.close(); |
| reader2.close(); |
| |
| Awaitility.await().until(() -> { |
| TopicStats topicStats = admin.topics().getStats(topic); |
| System.out.println("subscriptions size: " + topicStats.getSubscriptions().size()); |
| return topicStats.getSubscriptions().size() == 0; |
| }); |
| |
| Consumer<byte[]> consumer = pulsarClient.newConsumer() |
| .topic(topic) |
| .subscriptionName("sub") |
| .subscribe(); |
| consumer.close(); |
| |
| Awaitility.await() |
| .pollDelay(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS) |
| .until(() -> { |
| TopicStats topicStats = admin.topics().getStats(topic); |
| System.out.println("subscriptions size: " + topicStats.getSubscriptions().size()); |
| return topicStats.getSubscriptions().size() == 1; |
| }); |
| } |
| |
| } |