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docItemCol_VOVn"><div class="docItemContainer_Djhp"><article><nav class="theme-doc-breadcrumbs breadcrumbsContainer_Z_bl" aria-label="Breadcrumbs"><ul class="breadcrumbs" itemscope="" itemtype="https://schema.org/BreadcrumbList"><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><a aria-label="Home page" class="breadcrumbs__link" href="/"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="breadcrumbHomeIcon_YNFT"><path d="M10 19v-5h4v5c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1v-7h1.7c.46 0 .68-.57.33-.87L12.67 3.6c-.38-.34-.96-.34-1.34 0l-8.36 7.53c-.34.3-.13.87.33.87H5v7c0 .55.45 1 1 1h3c.55 0 1-.45 1-1z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></a></li><li class="breadcrumbs__item"><span class="breadcrumbs__link">Pulsar Schema</span><meta itemprop="position" content="1"></li><li itemscope="" itemprop="itemListElement" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class="breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="name">Get started</span><meta itemprop="position" content="2"></li></ul></nav><span class="theme-doc-version-badge badge badge--secondary">Version: 3.2.x</span><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>Get started</h1></header><p>This hands-on tutorial provides instructions and examples on how to construct schemas. For instructions on administrative tasks, see <a href="/docs/3.2.x/admin-api-schemas/">Manage schema</a>.</p><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="construct-a-schema">Construct a schema<a href="#construct-a-schema" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Construct a schema" title="Direct link to Construct a schema"></a></h2><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="bytes">bytes<a href="#bytes" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to bytes" title="Direct link to bytes"></a></h3><p>This example demonstrates how to construct a <a href="/docs/3.2.x/schema-understand/#primitive-type">bytes schema</a> using language-specific clients and use it to produce and consume messages.</p><div class="tabs-container tabList__CuJ"><ul role="tablist" aria-orientation="horizontal" class="tabs"><li role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-selected="true" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP tabs__item--active">Java</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">C++</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">Python</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">Go</li></ul><div class="margin-top--md"><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6"><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token class-name">Producer</span><span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> pulsarClient</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">create</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Consumer</span><span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> consumer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> pulsarClient</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newConsumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscriptionName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;message&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">getBytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> message </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">TimeUnit</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">SECONDS</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">SchemaInfo schemaInfo </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">SchemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">SchemaType</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;Bytes&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Producer producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">createProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;topic-bytes&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">ProducerConfiguration</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">schemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">array</span><span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">char</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">1024</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> buffer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">MessageBuilder</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setContent</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">buffer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">data</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> buffer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">size</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">build</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Consumer consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">res </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;topic-bytes&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">ConsumerConfiguration</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">schemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Message msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">3000</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><div class="language-python codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-python codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">create_producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;bytes-schema-topic&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> schema</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain">BytesSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">b&quot;Hello&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;bytes-schema-topic&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;sub&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> schema</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain">BytesSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">msg </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">data </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">CreateProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ProducerOptions</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">NewBytesSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token boolean">nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">id</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Background</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ProducerMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;message&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ConsumerOptions</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">NewBytesSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token boolean">nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> SubscriptionName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Type</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">Exclusive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="string">string<a href="#string" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to string" title="Direct link to string"></a></h3><p>This example demonstrates how to construct a <a href="/docs/3.2.x/schema-understand/#primitive-type">string schema</a> using language-specific clients and use it to produce and consume messages.</p><div class="tabs-container tabList__CuJ"><ul role="tablist" aria-orientation="horizontal" class="tabs"><li role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-selected="true" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP tabs__item--active">Java</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">C++</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">Python</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">Go</li></ul><div class="margin-top--md"><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6"><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token class-name">Producer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">String</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">STRING</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">create</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;Hello Pulsar!&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Consumer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">String</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> consumer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newConsumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">STRING</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">String</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> message </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">SchemaInfo schemaInfo </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">SchemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">SchemaType</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">STRING</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;String&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Producer producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">createProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;topic-string&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">ProducerConfiguration</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">schemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">MessageBuilder</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setContent</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;message&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">build</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Consumer consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;topic-string&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">ConsumerConfiguration</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">schemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Message msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">3000</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><div class="language-python codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-python codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">create_producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;string-schema-topic&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> schema</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain">StringSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;Hello&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;string-schema-topic&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;sub&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> schema</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain">StringSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">msg </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">str</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">CreateProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ProducerOptions</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">NewStringSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token boolean">nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">id</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Background</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ProducerMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;message&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ConsumerOptions</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">NewStringSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token boolean">nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> SubscriptionName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Type</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">Exclusive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Background</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="keyvalue">key/value<a href="#keyvalue" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to key/value" title="Direct link to key/value"></a></h3><p>This example shows how to construct a <a href="/docs/3.2.x/schema-understand/#keyvalue-schema">key/value schema</a> using language-specific clients and use it to produce and consume messages.</p><div class="tabs-container tabList__CuJ"><ul role="tablist" aria-orientation="horizontal" class="tabs"><li role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-selected="true" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP tabs__item--active">Java</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">C++</li></ul><div class="margin-top--md"><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6"><ol><li><p>Construct a key/value schema with <code>INLINE</code> encoding type.</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">KeyValue</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">Integer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token generics"> </span><span class="token generics class-name">String</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> kvSchema </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token class-name">KeyValue</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">INT32</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">STRING</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">KeyValueEncodingType</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">INLINE</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>Alternatively, construct a key/value schema with <code>SEPARATED</code> encoding type.</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">KeyValue</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">Integer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token generics"> </span><span class="token generics class-name">String</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> kvSchema </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token class-name">KeyValue</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">INT32</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">STRING</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">KeyValueEncodingType</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">SEPARATED</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Produce messages using a key/value schema.</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token class-name">Producer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">KeyValue</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">Integer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token generics"> </span><span class="token generics class-name">String</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">kvSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">topicName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">create</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">final</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">int</span><span class="token plain"> key </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">final</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token plain"> value </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;value-100&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">// send the key/value message</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">KeyValue</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">key</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Consume messages using a key/value schema.</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token class-name">Consumer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">KeyValue</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">Integer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token generics"> </span><span class="token generics class-name">String</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> consumer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newConsumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">kvSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">topicName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscriptionName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">subscriptionName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">// receive key/value pair</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">KeyValue</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">Integer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token generics"> </span><span class="token generics class-name">String</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> msg </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">KeyValue</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">Integer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token generics"> </span><span class="token generics class-name">String</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> kv </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">getValue</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ol></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><ol><li><p>Construct a key/value schema with <code>INLINE</code> encoding type.</p><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">//Prepare keyValue schema</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">string jsonSchema </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token raw-string string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">R&quot;({&quot;type&quot;:&quot;record&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;cpx&quot;,&quot;fields&quot;:[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;re&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;double&quot;},{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;im&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;double&quot;}]})&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">SchemaInfo </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">keySchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;key-json&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> jsonSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">SchemaInfo </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">valueSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;value-json&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> jsonSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">SchemaInfo </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">keyValueSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">keySchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> valueSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> KeyValueEncodingType</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">INLINE</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Produce messages using a key/value schema.</p><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">//Create Producer</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Producer producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">createProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">ProducerConfiguration</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">keyValueSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">//Prepare message</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">string jsonData </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;{\&quot;re\&quot;:2.1,\&quot;im\&quot;:1.23}&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">KeyValue </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">keyValue</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">move</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">jsonData</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">move</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">jsonData</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Message msg </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">MessageBuilder</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setContent</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">keyValue</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setProperty</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;x&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;1&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">build</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">//Send message</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Consume messages using a key/value schema.</p><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">//Create Consumer</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Consumer consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">ConsumerConfiguration</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">keyValueSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">//Receive message</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Message message</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">message</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ol></div></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="avro">Avro<a href="#avro" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Avro" title="Direct link to Avro"></a></h3><div class="tabs-container tabList__CuJ"><ul role="tablist" aria-orientation="horizontal" class="tabs"><li role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-selected="true" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP tabs__item--active">Java</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">C++</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">Python</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">Go</li></ul><div class="margin-top--md"><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6"><p>Suppose you have a <code>SensorReading</code> class as follows, and you&#x27;d like to transmit it over a Pulsar topic.</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">SensorReading</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">float</span><span class="token plain"> temperature</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">SensorReading</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">float</span><span class="token plain"> temperature</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">this</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">temperature </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> temperature</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">// A no-arg constructor is required</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">SensorReading</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">float</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">getTemperature</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">return</span><span class="token plain"> temperature</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">void</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setTemperature</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">float</span><span class="token plain"> temperature</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">this</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">temperature </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> temperature</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p>Create a <code>Producer&lt;SensorReading&gt;</code> (or <code>Consumer&lt;SensorReading&gt;</code>) like this:</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token class-name">Producer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">SensorReading</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">AvroSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">of</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">SensorReading</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;sensor-readings&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">create</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">// Send messages</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">const</span><span class="token plain"> std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">string exampleSchema </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;{\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;record\&quot;,\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;Example\&quot;,\&quot;namespace\&quot;:\&quot;test\&quot;,&quot;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;\&quot;fields\&quot;:[{\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;a\&quot;,\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;int\&quot;},{\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;b\&quot;,\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;int\&quot;}]}&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Producer producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">ProducerConfiguration producerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">SchemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">AVRO</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;Avro&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> exampleSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">createProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;topic-avro&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> producerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">// Receive messages</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">const</span><span class="token plain"> std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">string exampleSchema </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;{\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;record\&quot;,\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;Example\&quot;,\&quot;namespace\&quot;:\&quot;test\&quot;,&quot;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;\&quot;fields\&quot;:[{\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;a\&quot;,\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;int\&quot;},{\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;b\&quot;,\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;int\&quot;}]}&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">ConsumerConfiguration consumerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Consumer consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">SchemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">AVRO</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;Avro&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> exampleSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;topic-avro&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;sub-2&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> consumerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><p>You can declare an <code>AvroSchema</code> using Python through one of the following methods.</p><p><strong>Method 1: Record</strong></p><p>Declare an <code>AvroSchema</code> by passing a class that inherits from <code>pulsar.schema.Record</code> and defines the fields as class variables.</p><div class="language-python codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-python codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Example</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">Record</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> a </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> Integer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> b </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> Integer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">create_producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;avro-schema-topic&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> schema</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain">AvroSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">Example</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">r </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> Example</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">a</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> b</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">r</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;avro-schema-topic&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;sub&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> schema</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain">AvroSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">Example</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">msg </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">e </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><p><strong>Method 2: JSON definition</strong></p><ol><li><p>Declare an <code>AvroSchema</code> using JSON. In this case, Avro schemas are defined using JSON.</p><p>Below is an example of <code>AvroSchema</code> defined using a JSON file (<code>company.avsc</code>).</p><div class="language-json codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-json codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;doc&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;this is doc&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;namespace&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;example.avro&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;record&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;Company&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;fields&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token property">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;null&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;string&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token property">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;address&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;null&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;string&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token property">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;employees&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;null&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token property">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;array&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;items&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;record&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;Employee&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;fields&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token property">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;null&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;string&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token property">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;age&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;null&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;int&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token property">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;labels&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;null&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token property">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;map&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token property">&quot;values&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;string&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Load a schema definition from a file by using <a href="https://avro.apache.org/docs/current/getting-started-python/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>avro.schema</code></a> or <a href="https://fastavro.readthedocs.io/en/latest/schema.html#fastavro._schema_py.load_schema" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>fastavro.schema</code></a>.</p><p>If you use the <a href="#method-2-json-definition">JSON definition</a> method to declare an <code>AvroSchema</code>, you need to:</p><ul><li>Use <a href="https://developers.google.com/edu/python/dict-files" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Python dict</a> to produce and consume messages, which is different from using the <a href="#method-1-record">Record</a> method.</li><li>Set the value of the <code>_record_cls</code> parameter to <code>None</code> when generating an <code>AvroSchema</code> object.</li></ul><p><strong>Example</strong></p><div class="language-python codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-python codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">from</span><span class="token plain"> fastavro</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">schema </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">import</span><span class="token plain"> load_schema</span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">from</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">schema </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">import</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">schema_definition </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> load_schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;examples/company.avsc&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">avro_schema </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> AvroSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token boolean">None</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> schema_definition</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain">schema_definition</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">create_producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> topic</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> schema</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain">avro_schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;test&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> schema</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain">avro_schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">company </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;company-name&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">str</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">i</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;address&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;xxx road xxx street &#x27;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">str</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">i</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;employees&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;user&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">str</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">i</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;age&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token plain"> i</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;user&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">str</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">i</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;age&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">30</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token plain"> i</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;user&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">str</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">i</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;age&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">35</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token plain"> i</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;labels&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;industry&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;software&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">str</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">i</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;scale&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;&gt;100&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;funds&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;1000000.0&quot;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">company</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">msg </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)"># Users could get a dict object by `value()` method.</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ol></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><p>Suppose you have an <code>avroExampleStruct</code> class as follows, and you&#x27;d like to transmit it over a Pulsar topic.</p><div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">type</span><span class="token plain"> avroExampleStruct </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> ID </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">int</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Name </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">string</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><ol><li><p>Add an <code>avroSchemaDef</code> like this:</p><div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> exampleSchemaDef </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;{\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;record\&quot;,\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;Example\&quot;,\&quot;namespace\&quot;:\&quot;test\&quot;,&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;\&quot;fields\&quot;:[{\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;ID\&quot;,\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;int\&quot;},{\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;Name\&quot;,\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;string\&quot;}]}&quot;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Create producer and consumer to send/receive messages:</p><div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">//Create producer and send message</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">CreateProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ProducerOptions</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">NewAvroSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">exampleSchemaDef</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean">nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">msgId</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Background</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ProducerMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> avroExampleStruct</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> ID</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Name</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;avroExampleStruct&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">//Create Consumer and receive message</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ConsumerOptions</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">NewAvroSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">exampleSchemaDef</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean">nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> SubscriptionName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Type</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">Shared</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">message</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Background</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ol></div></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="json">JSON<a href="#json" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to JSON" title="Direct link to JSON"></a></h3><div class="tabs-container tabList__CuJ"><ul role="tablist" aria-orientation="horizontal" class="tabs"><li role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-selected="true" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP tabs__item--active">Java</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">C++</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">Python</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">Go</li></ul><div class="margin-top--md"><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6"><p>Similar to using <code>AvroSchema</code>, you can declare a <code>JsonSchema</code> by passing a class. The only difference is to use <code>JsonSchema</code> instead of <code>AvroSchema</code> when defining the schema type, as shown below. For how to use <code>AvroSchema</code> via record, see <a href="#method-1-record">Method 1 - Record</a>.</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">static</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">SchemaDemo</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token plain"> name</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">int</span><span class="token plain"> age</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Producer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">SchemaDemo</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> pulsarClient</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">SchemaDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">create</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Consumer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">SchemaDemo</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> consumer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> pulsarClient</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newConsumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">SchemaDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscriptionName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">SchemaDemo</span><span class="token plain"> schemaDemo </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">SchemaDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">schemaDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">name </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;puslar&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">schemaDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">age </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">schemaDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">SchemaDemo</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> message </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">TimeUnit</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">SECONDS</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><p>To declare a <code>JSON</code> schema using C++, do the following:</p><ol><li><p>Pass a JSON string like this:</p><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">string jsonSchema </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token raw-string string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">R&quot;({&quot;type&quot;:&quot;record&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;cpx&quot;,&quot;fields&quot;:[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;re&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;double&quot;},{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;im&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;double&quot;}]})&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">SchemaInfo schemaInfo </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">SchemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;JSON&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> jsonSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Create a producer and use it to send messages.</p><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">createProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">ProducerConfiguration</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">schemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">string jsonData </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;{\&quot;re\&quot;:2.1,\&quot;im\&quot;:1.23}&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">MessageBuilder</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setContent</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">move</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">jsonData</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">build</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Create consumer and receive message.</p><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Consumer consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">ConsumerConfiguration</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">schemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Message msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ol></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><p>You can declare a <code>JsonSchema</code> by passing a class that inherits from <code>pulsar.schema.Record</code> and defines the fields as class variables. This is similar to using <code>AvroSchema</code>. The only difference is to use <code>JsonSchema</code> instead of <code>AvroSchema</code> when defining schema type, as shown below. For how to use <code>AvroSchema</code> via record, see [#method-1-record).</p><div class="language-python codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-python codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">create_producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;avro-schema-topic&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> schema</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain">JsonSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">Example</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;avro-schema-topic&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&#x27;sub&#x27;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> schema</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain">JsonSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">Example</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><p>Suppose you have an <code>avroExampleStruct</code> class as follows, and you&#x27;d like to transmit it as JSON form over a Pulsar topic.</p><div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">type</span><span class="token plain"> jsonExampleStruct </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> ID </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">int</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">`json:&quot;id&quot;`</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Name </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">string</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">`json:&quot;name&quot;`</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><ol><li><p>Add a <code>jsonSchemaDef</code> like this:</p><div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">jsonSchemaDef </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;{\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;record\&quot;,\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;Example\&quot;,\&quot;namespace\&quot;:\&quot;test\&quot;,&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;\&quot;fields\&quot;:[{\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;ID\&quot;,\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;int\&quot;},{\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;Name\&quot;,\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;string\&quot;}]}&quot;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Create a producer/consumer to send/receive messages:</p><div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">//Create producer and send message</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">CreateProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ProducerOptions</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">NewJSONSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">jsonSchemaDef</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean">nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">msgId</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Background</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ProducerMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> jsonExampleStruct</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> ID</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Name</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;jsonExampleStruct&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">//Create Consumer and receive message</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ConsumerOptions</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">NewJSONSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">jsonSchemaDef</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean">nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> SubscriptionName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Type</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">Exclusive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">message</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Background</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ol></div></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="protobufnative">ProtobufNative<a href="#protobufnative" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to ProtobufNative" title="Direct link to ProtobufNative"></a></h3><div class="tabs-container tabList__CuJ"><ul role="tablist" aria-orientation="horizontal" class="tabs"><li role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-selected="true" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP tabs__item--active">Java</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">C++</li></ul><div class="margin-top--md"><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6"><p>The following example shows how to create a producer/consumer with a ProtobufNative schema using Java.</p><ol><li><p>Generate the <code>DemoMessage</code> class using Protobuf3 or later versions.</p><div class="language-protobuf codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-protobuf codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">syntax</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;proto3&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">message</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">string</span><span class="token plain"> stringField </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">double</span><span class="token plain"> doubleField </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">int32</span><span class="token plain"> intField </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name">TestEnum</span><span class="token plain"> testEnum </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name">SubMessage</span><span class="token plain"> nestedField </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">repeated</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">string</span><span class="token plain"> repeatedField </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name">proto</span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name">external</span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name">ExternalMessage</span><span class="token plain"> externalMessage </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">11</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Create a producer/consumer to send/receive messages.</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token class-name">Producer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> pulsarClient</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">PROTOBUF_NATIVE</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">create</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Consumer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> consumer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> pulsarClient</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newConsumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">PROTOBUF_NATIVE</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscriptionName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">SchemaDemo</span><span class="token plain"> schemaDemo </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">SchemaDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">schemaDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">name </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;puslar&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">schemaDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">age </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newBuilder</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setStringField</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;string-field-value&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setIntField</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">build</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> message </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">TimeUnit</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">SECONDS</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ol></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><p>The following example shows how to create a producer/consumer with a ProtobufNative schema.</p><ol><li><p>Generate the <code>User</code> class using Protobuf3 or later versions.</p><div class="language-protobuf codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-protobuf codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">syntax</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;proto3&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">message</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">User</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">string</span><span class="token plain"> name </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">int32</span><span class="token plain"> age </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Include the <code>ProtobufNativeSchema.h</code> in your source code. Ensure the Protobuf dependency has been added to your project.</p><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token macro property directive-hash">#</span><span class="token macro property directive keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">include</span><span class="token macro property"> </span><span class="token macro property string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&lt;pulsar/ProtobufNativeSchema.h&gt;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Create a producer to send a <code>User</code> instance.</p><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">ProducerConfiguration producerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">createProtobufNativeSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">User</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">GetDescriptor</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Producer producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">createProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;topic-protobuf&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> producerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">User user</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">user</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">set_name</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-name&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">user</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">set_age</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">string content</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">user</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">SerializeToString</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span><span class="token plain">content</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">MessageBuilder</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setContent</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">content</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">build</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Create a consumer to receive a <code>User</code> instance.</p><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">ConsumerConfiguration consumerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">createProtobufNativeSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">User</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">GetDescriptor</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSubscriptionInitialPosition</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">InitialPositionEarliest</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Consumer consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;topic-protobuf&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> consumerConf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Message msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">User user2</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">user2</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">ParseFromArray</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">getData</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">getLength</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ol></div></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="protobuf">Protobuf<a href="#protobuf" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Protobuf" title="Direct link to Protobuf"></a></h3><div class="tabs-container tabList__CuJ"><ul role="tablist" aria-orientation="horizontal" class="tabs"><li role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-selected="true" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP tabs__item--active">Java</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">C++</li><li role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-selected="false" class="tabs__item tabItem_LNqP">Go</li></ul><div class="margin-top--md"><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6"><p>Constructing a protobuf schema using Java is similar to constructing a <code>ProtobufNative</code> schema. The only difference is to use <code>PROTOBUF</code> instead of <code>PROTOBUF_NATIVE</code> when defining schema type as shown below.</p><ol><li><p>Generate the <code>DemoMessage</code> class using Protobuf3 or later versions.</p><div class="language-protobuf codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-protobuf codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">syntax</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;proto3&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">message</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">string</span><span class="token plain"> stringField </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">double</span><span class="token plain"> doubleField </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">int32</span><span class="token plain"> intField </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name">TestEnum</span><span class="token plain"> testEnum </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name">SubMessage</span><span class="token plain"> nestedField </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">repeated</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">string</span><span class="token plain"> repeatedField </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name">proto</span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name">external</span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token positional-class-name class-name">ExternalMessage</span><span class="token plain"> externalMessage </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">11</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Create a producer/consumer to send/receive messages.</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token class-name">Producer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> pulsarClient</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">PROTOBUF</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">create</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Consumer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> consumer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> pulsarClient</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newConsumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">PROTOBUF</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">class</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscriptionName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">SchemaDemo</span><span class="token plain"> schemaDemo </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">new</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">SchemaDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">schemaDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">name </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;puslar&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">schemaDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">age </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newBuilder</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setStringField</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;string-field-value&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setIntField</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">build</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">DemoMessage</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> message </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">TimeUnit</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token constant" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">SECONDS</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ol></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><p>Constructing a protobuf schema using C++ is similar to that using <code>JSON</code>. The only difference is to use <code>PROTOBUF</code> instead of <code>JSON</code> when defining the schema type as shown below.</p><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">string jsonSchema </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token raw-string string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">R&quot;({&quot;type&quot;:&quot;record&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;cpx&quot;,&quot;fields&quot;:[{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;re&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;double&quot;},{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;im&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;double&quot;}]})&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">SchemaInfo schemaInfo </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">SchemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">PROTOBUF</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;PROTOBUF&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> jsonSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><ol><li><p>Create a producer to send messages.</p><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Producer producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">createProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">ProducerConfiguration</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">schemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token plain">string jsonData </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;{\&quot;re\&quot;:2.1,\&quot;im\&quot;:1.23}&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">MessageBuilder</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setContent</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">std</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">::</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">move</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">jsonData</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">build</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Create a consumer to receive messages.</p><div class="language-cpp codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-cpp codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Consumer consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-topic&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;my-sub&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">ConsumerConfiguration</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">setSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">schemaInfo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">Message msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ol></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tabItem_Ymn6" hidden=""><p>Suppose you have a <code>protobufDemo</code> class as follows, and you&#x27;d like to transmit it in JSON form over a Pulsar topic.</p><div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">type</span><span class="token plain"> protobufDemo </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">struct</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Num </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">int32</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">`protobuf:&quot;varint,1,opt,name=num,proto3&quot; json:&quot;num,omitempty&quot;`</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Msf </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">string</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">`protobuf:&quot;bytes,2,opt,name=msf,proto3&quot; json:&quot;msf,omitempty&quot;`</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> XXX_NoUnkeyedLiteral </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">struct</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">`json:&quot;-&quot;`</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> XXX_unrecognized </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">byte</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">`json:&quot;-&quot;`</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> XXX_sizecache </span><span class="token builtin" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249)">int32</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">`json:&quot;-&quot;`</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><ol><li><p>Add a <code>protoSchemaDef</code> like this:</p><div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">var</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> protoSchemaDef </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;{\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;record\&quot;,\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;Example\&quot;,\&quot;namespace\&quot;:\&quot;test\&quot;,&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;\&quot;fields\&quot;:[{\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;num\&quot;,\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;int\&quot;},{\&quot;name\&quot;:\&quot;msf\&quot;,\&quot;type\&quot;:\&quot;string\&quot;}]}&quot;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li><li><p>Create a producer/consumer to send/receive messages:</p><div class="language-go codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-go codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">psProducer </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">NewProtoSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">protoSchemaDef</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean">nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">CreateProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ProducerOptions</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;proto&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> psProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">msgId</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Background</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ProducerMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator">&amp;</span><span class="token plain">protobufDemo</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Num</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Msf</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;pulsar&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">psConsumer </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">NewProtoSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">protoSchemaDef</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token boolean">nil</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">ConsumerOptions</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;proto&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> SubscriptionName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;sub-1&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> psConsumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> SubscriptionInitialPosition</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">:</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token plain">SubscriptionPositionEarliest</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> err </span><span class="token operator">:=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">context</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">Background</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div></li></ol></div></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="native-avro">Native Avro<a href="#native-avro" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Native Avro" title="Direct link to Native Avro"></a></h3><p>This example shows how to construct a <a href="/docs/3.2.x/schema-understand/#struct-schema">native Avro schema</a>.</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token class-name namespace">org</span><span class="token class-name namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token class-name namespace">apache</span><span class="token class-name namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token class-name namespace">avro</span><span class="token class-name namespace punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token plain"> nativeAvroSchema </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Producer</span><span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> producer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> pulsarClient</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">topic</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;ingress&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">create</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token plain"> content </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">producer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newMessage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">NATIVE_AVRO</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">nativeAvroSchema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">content</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">send</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="auto_produce">AUTO_PRODUCE<a href="#auto_produce" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to AUTO_PRODUCE" title="Direct link to AUTO_PRODUCE"></a></h3><p>Suppose you have a Pulsar topic <em>P</em>, a producer processing messages from a Kafka topic <em>K</em>, an application reading the messages from <em>K</em> and writing the messages to <em>P</em>.</p><p>This example shows how to construct an <a href="/docs/3.2.x/schema-understand/#auto-schema">AUTO_PRODUCE</a> schema to verify whether the bytes produced by <em>K</em> can be sent to <em>P</em>.</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token class-name">Produce</span><span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> pulsarProducer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">AUTO_PRODUCE_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">create</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token plain"> kafkaMessageBytes </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">pulsarProducer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">produce</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">kafkaMessageBytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="auto_consume">AUTO_CONSUME<a href="#auto_consume" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to AUTO_CONSUME" title="Direct link to AUTO_CONSUME"></a></h3><p>Suppose you have a Pulsar topic <em>P</em> and a consumer <em>MySQL</em> that receives messages from <em>P</em>, and you want to check if these messages have the information that your application needs to count.</p><p>This example shows how to construct an <a href="/docs/3.2.x/schema-understand/#auto-schema">AUTO_CONSUME schema</a> to verify whether the bytes produced by <em>P</em> can be sent to <em>MySQL</em>.</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token class-name">Consumer</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">GenericRecord</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> pulsarConsumer </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> client</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">newConsumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">Schema</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">AUTO_CONSUME</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">GenericRecord</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> msg </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> consumer</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">receive</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token class-name">GenericRecord</span><span class="token plain"> record </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> msg</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">getValue</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain">record</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">getFields</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">field </span><span class="token operator">-&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">if</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">field</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">getName</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">equals</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token string" style="color:rgb(255, 121, 198)">&quot;theNeedFieldName&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Object</span><span class="token plain"> recordField </span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token plain"> record</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">.</span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">getField</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token plain">field</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">//Do some things</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="customize-schema-storage">Customize schema storage<a href="#customize-schema-storage" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Customize schema storage" title="Direct link to Customize schema storage"></a></h2><p>By default, Pulsar stores various data types of schemas in <a href="https://bookkeeper.apache.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Apache BookKeeper</a> deployed alongside Pulsar. Alternatively, you can use another storage system if needed.</p><p>To use a non-default (non-BookKeeper) storage system for Pulsar schemas, you need to implement the following Java interfaces before <a href="#deploy-custom-schema-storage">deploying custom schema storage</a>:</p><ul><li><a href="#implement-schemastorage-interface">SchemaStorage interface</a></li><li><a href="#implement-schemastoragefactory-interface">SchemaStorageFactory interface</a></li></ul><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="implement-schemastorage-interface">Implement <code>SchemaStorage</code> interface<a href="#implement-schemastorage-interface" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to implement-schemastorage-interface" title="Direct link to implement-schemastorage-interface"></a></h3><p>The <code>SchemaStorage</code> interface has the following methods:</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">interface</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">SchemaStorage</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">// How schemas are updated</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">CompletableFuture</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">SchemaVersion</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">put</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token plain"> key</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token plain"> value</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token plain"> hash</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">// How schemas are fetched from storage</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">CompletableFuture</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">StoredSchema</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">get</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token plain"> key</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">SchemaVersion</span><span class="token plain"> version</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">// How schemas are deleted</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">CompletableFuture</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&lt;</span><span class="token generics class-name">SchemaVersion</span><span class="token generics punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">delete</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token plain"> key</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">// Utility method for converting a schema version byte array to a SchemaVersion object</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">SchemaVersion</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">versionFromBytes</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">byte</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">]</span><span class="token plain"> version</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">// Startup behavior for the schema storage client</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">void</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">start</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">throws</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token comment" style="color:rgb(98, 114, 164)">// Shutdown behavior for the schema storage client</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">void</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">close</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">throws</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-tip alert alert--success admonition_LlT9"><div class="admonitionHeading_tbUL"><span class="admonitionIcon_kALy"><svg viewBox="0 0 12 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M6.5 0C3.48 0 1 2.19 1 5c0 .92.55 2.25 1 3 1.34 2.25 1.78 2.78 2 4v1h5v-1c.22-1.22.66-1.75 2-4 .45-.75 1-2.08 1-3 0-2.81-2.48-5-5.5-5zm3.64 7.48c-.25.44-.47.8-.67 1.11-.86 1.41-1.25 2.06-1.45 3.23-.02.05-.02.11-.02.17H5c0-.06 0-.13-.02-.17-.2-1.17-.59-1.83-1.45-3.23-.2-.31-.42-.67-.67-1.11C2.44 6.78 2 5.65 2 5c0-2.2 2.02-4 4.5-4 1.22 0 2.36.42 3.22 1.19C10.55 2.94 11 3.94 11 5c0 .66-.44 1.78-.86 2.48zM4 14h5c-.23 1.14-1.3 2-2.5 2s-2.27-.86-2.5-2z"></path></svg></span>tip</div><div class="admonitionContent_S0QG"><p>For a complete example of <strong>schema storage</strong> implementation, see the <a href="https://github.com/apache/pulsar/blob/master/pulsar-broker/src/main/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/service/schema/BookkeeperSchemaStorage.java" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">BookKeeperSchemaStorage</a> class.</p></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="implement-schemastoragefactory-interface">Implement <code>SchemaStorageFactory</code> interface<a href="#implement-schemastoragefactory-interface" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to implement-schemastoragefactory-interface" title="Direct link to implement-schemastoragefactory-interface"></a></h3><p>The <code>SchemaStorageFactory</code> interface has the following method:</p><div class="language-java codeBlockContainer_Ckt0 theme-code-block" style="--prism-color:#F8F8F2;--prism-background-color:#282A36"><div class="codeBlockContent_biex"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-java codeBlock_bY9V thin-scrollbar"><code class="codeBlockLines_e6Vv"><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">public</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">interface</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">SchemaStorageFactory</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">{</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token annotation punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">@NotNull</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">SchemaStorage</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token function" style="color:rgb(80, 250, 123)">create</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">(</span><span class="token class-name">PulsarService</span><span class="token plain"> pulsar</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:rgb(189, 147, 249);font-style:italic">throws</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name">Exception</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">;</span><span class="token plain"></span><br></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#F8F8F2"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:rgb(248, 248, 242)">}</span><br></span></code></pre><div class="buttonGroup__atx"><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" title="Copy" class="clean-btn"><span class="copyButtonIcons_eSgA" aria-hidden="true"><svg class="copyButtonIcon_y97N" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19,21H8V7H19M19,5H8A2,2 0 0,0 6,7V21A2,2 0 0,0 8,23H19A2,2 0 0,0 21,21V7A2,2 0 0,0 19,5M16,1H4A2,2 0 0,0 2,3V17H4V3H16V1Z"></path></svg><svg class="copyButtonSuccessIcon_LjdS" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21,7L9,19L3.5,13.5L4.91,12.09L9,16.17L19.59,5.59L21,7Z"></path></svg></span></button></div></div></div><div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-tip alert alert--success admonition_LlT9"><div class="admonitionHeading_tbUL"><span class="admonitionIcon_kALy"><svg viewBox="0 0 12 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M6.5 0C3.48 0 1 2.19 1 5c0 .92.55 2.25 1 3 1.34 2.25 1.78 2.78 2 4v1h5v-1c.22-1.22.66-1.75 2-4 .45-.75 1-2.08 1-3 0-2.81-2.48-5-5.5-5zm3.64 7.48c-.25.44-.47.8-.67 1.11-.86 1.41-1.25 2.06-1.45 3.23-.02.05-.02.11-.02.17H5c0-.06 0-.13-.02-.17-.2-1.17-.59-1.83-1.45-3.23-.2-.31-.42-.67-.67-1.11C2.44 6.78 2 5.65 2 5c0-2.2 2.02-4 4.5-4 1.22 0 2.36.42 3.22 1.19C10.55 2.94 11 3.94 11 5c0 .66-.44 1.78-.86 2.48zM4 14h5c-.23 1.14-1.3 2-2.5 2s-2.27-.86-2.5-2z"></path></svg></span>tip</div><div class="admonitionContent_S0QG"><p>For a complete example of <strong>schema storage factory</strong> implementation, see the <a href="https://github.com/apache/pulsar/blob/master/pulsar-broker/src/main/java/org/apache/pulsar/broker/service/schema/BookkeeperSchemaStorageFactory.java" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">BookKeeperSchemaStorageFactory</a> class.</p></div></div><h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="deploy-custom-schema-storage">Deploy custom schema storage<a href="#deploy-custom-schema-storage" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to Deploy custom schema storage" title="Direct link to Deploy custom schema storage"></a></h3><p>To use your custom schema storage implementation, perform the following steps.</p><ol><li><p>Package the implementation in a <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/deployment/jar/basicsindex.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">JAR</a> file.</p></li><li><p>Add the JAR file to the <code>lib</code> folder in your Pulsar binary or source distribution.</p></li><li><p>Change the <code>schemaRegistryStorageClassName</code> configuration in the <code>conf/broker.conf</code> file to your custom factory class.</p></li><li><p>Start Pulsar.</p></li></ol></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/apache/pulsar-site/edit/main/versioned_docs/version-3.2.x/schema-get-started.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_vwxv"></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages navigation"><a class="pagination-nav__link 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3 0 0 1 2.994 3.45l-1.38 9A3.002 3.002 0 0 1 18.275 23H4a3 3 0 0 1-3-3v-7a3 3 0 0 1 3-3h2.35l3.736-8.406ZM8 11.212l3.608-8.117A2 2 0 0 1 13 5v4a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h5.671a1 1 0 0 1 1 1.15l-1.38 9a1 1 0 0 1-1 .85H8v-9.788ZM6 21v-9H4a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v7a1 1 0 0 0 1 1h2Z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></div><div style="justify-content:center;display:flex;border-radius:99999px;width:2.5rem;height:2.5rem;cursor:pointer;background:;color:"><svg style="width:initial;height:initial" width="12" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M20.563 3.316A1.31 1.31 0 0 0 19.687 3h-1.688v9h1.688a1.31 1.31 0 0 0 1.312-1.077V4.077a1.31 1.31 0 0 0-.436-.761ZM16 12.788l-3.608 8.117A1.999 1.999 0 0 1 11 19v-4a1 1 0 0 0-1-1H4.328a1.002 1.002 0 0 1-1-1.15l1.38-9a1 1 0 0 1 1-.85h10.291v9.788ZM19.661 1a3.31 3.31 0 0 1 3.329 2.866c.006.044.01.09.01.134v7c0 .045-.004.09-.01.134A3.31 3.31 0 0 1 19.661 14h-2.012l-3.736 8.406a1 1 0 0 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