poi-ooxml/src/test/java/org/apache/poi/xssf/TestSSUtilVsXSSFColor.java

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   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
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package org.apache.poi.xssf;

import org.apache.commons.io.output.UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.PropertyTemplate;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;

class TestSSUtilVsXSSFColor {

    @Test
    void testXSSFCellStyle() throws Exception {

        try (
                XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
                UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream bos = new UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream()
        ) {
            XSSFCellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
            final String rgbS = "ffff00";
            final byte[] rgbB = Hex.decodeHex(rgbS);
            IndexedColorMap colorMap = workbook.getStylesSource().getIndexedColors();
            XSSFColor color = new XSSFColor(rgbB, colorMap);
            cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(color);
            cellStyle.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);

            final int startDataRow = 6; // row 7 (index 0-based)
            final int endDataRow = 11; // row 12 (index 0-based)
            final int startDataColumn = 1; // column B (index 0-based)
            final int endDataColumn = 10; // column K (index 0-based)

            Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();

            for (int r = startDataRow; r <= endDataRow; r++) {
                Row row = sheet.createRow(r);
                for (int c = startDataColumn; c <= endDataColumn; c++) {
                    Cell cell = row.createCell(c);
                    cell.setCellValue(cell.getAddress().formatAsString());
                    cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
                }
            }

            PropertyTemplate propertyTemplate = new PropertyTemplate();
            propertyTemplate.drawBorders(new CellRangeAddress(startDataRow, endDataRow, startDataColumn, endDataColumn),
                    BorderStyle.MEDIUM, BorderExtent.ALL);

            propertyTemplate.applyBorders(sheet); // after this all cell interiors are filled black, because IndexedColors 0 is set
            // same is using all other org.apache.poi.ss.util classes which manipulate cell styles (CellUtil or RegionUtil)

            workbook.write(bos);

            try(XSSFWorkbook wb2 = new XSSFWorkbook(bos.toInputStream())) {
                XSSFSheet sheetWb2 = wb2.getSheetAt(0);
                XSSFCell testCell = sheetWb2.getRow(startDataRow).getCell(startDataColumn);
                XSSFCellStyle testStyle = testCell.getCellStyle();
                XSSFColor testColor = testStyle.getFillForegroundXSSFColor();
                assertFalse(testColor.isIndexed());
                assertEquals(rgbS, Hex.encodeHexString(testColor.getRGB()));
            }
        }
    }
}