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| <section id="global-index"> |
| <h1>Global Index<a class="headerlink" href="#global-index" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h1> |
| <p>Global Index is a powerful indexing mechanism for append-only tables. |
| It enables efficient row-level lookups and filtering without full-table scans. |
| Paimon supports multiple global index types:</p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p><strong>Bitmap Index</strong>: A bitmap-based index. Each distinct value is mapped to a compressed bitmap (RoaringBitmap) that records which rows contain that value, enabling extremely fast set membership tests.</p></li> |
| <li><p><strong>BTree Index</strong>: An efficient index based on multi-level SST files for scalar column lookups.</p></li> |
| <li><p><strong>Range Bitmap Index</strong>: A range bitmap index optimized for range predicates on ordered scalar columns. Extends the bitmap approach by encoding value ordering, enabling efficient less-than, greater-than, and range conditions.</p></li> |
| <li><p><strong>Lucene Index</strong>: A full-text search index powered by Lucene++. Supports tokenized text search with multiple modes including match-all, match-any, phrase, prefix, and wildcard queries.</p></li> |
| <li><p><strong>Vector Index (Lumina)</strong>: An approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) index powered by Lumina for vector similarity search with configurable distance metrics.</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>Global indexes work on top of Data Evolution tables. To use global indexes, your table must have:</p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'bucket'</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">'-1'</span></code> (unaware-bucket mode)</p></li> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'row-tracking.enabled'</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">'true'</span></code></p></li> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'data-evolution.enabled'</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">'true'</span></code></p></li> |
| </ul> |
| <section id="bitmap-index"> |
| <h2>Bitmap Index<a class="headerlink" href="#bitmap-index" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2> |
| <p>A bitmap-based index for Equal and In predicates. Each distinct value in the indexed column |
| is mapped to a compressed bitmap (RoaringBitmap) that records which rows contain that value. |
| This allows extremely fast set membership tests.</p> |
| </section> |
| <section id="btree-index"> |
| <h2>BTree Index<a class="headerlink" href="#btree-index" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2> |
| <p>BTree is an efficient index based on multi-level SST files, supporting rich predicate pushdown, block cache, file-level min/max key pruning, lazy loading, and block compression.</p> |
| <p><strong>Special Configuration:</strong></p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p><strong>Option</strong>: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">btree-index.read-buffer-size</span></code></p> |
| <ul> |
| <li><p><strong>Description</strong>: Optional. Specifies the read buffer size for the B-tree index. This setting can be tuned based on query patterns:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li><p>For <strong>range queries</strong> (e.g., <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VisitLessThan</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VisitGreaterOrEqual</span></code>), increasing the buffer size (e.g., to 1MB) may improve I/O bandwidth and sequential read performance.</p></li> |
| <li><p>For <strong>point queries</strong> (e.g., <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">VisitEqual</span></code>), buffering can introduce negative effects due to read amplification; it is recommended to leave this option unset.</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </section> |
| <section id="range-bitmap-index"> |
| <h2>Range Bitmap Index<a class="headerlink" href="#range-bitmap-index" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2> |
| <p>A range bitmap index optimized for range predicates on ordered scalar columns. It extends the |
| bitmap approach by encoding value ordering information, enabling efficient evaluation of |
| less-than, greater-than, and range conditions without scanning all bitmaps.</p> |
| </section> |
| <section id="lucene-index"> |
| <h2>Lucene Index<a class="headerlink" href="#lucene-index" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2> |
| <p>A full-text search index powered by Lucene++. It supports tokenized text search with multiple |
| search modes including match-all, match-any, phrase, prefix, and wildcard queries.</p> |
| <p><strong>Supported search types:</strong></p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MATCH_ALL</span></code>: All terms in the query must be present (AND semantics).</p></li> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MATCH_ANY</span></code>: Any term in the query can match (OR semantics).</p></li> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PHRASE</span></code>: Matches the exact sequence of words (with proximity).</p></li> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PREFIX</span></code>: Matches terms starting with the given string (e.g., “run*” → running, runner).</p></li> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WILDCARD</span></code>: Supports wildcards <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">*</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">?</span></code> (e.g., “ap*e”, “app?e” → “apple”).</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| <p><strong>Special Configuration:</strong></p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p><strong>Option</strong>: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lucene-fts.write.tmp.directory</span></code></p> |
| <ul> |
| <li><p><strong>Description</strong>: Specifies the temporary directory used during Lucene index writing. No default value; must be explicitly set.</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><p><strong>Environment Variable</strong>: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PAIMON_JIEBA_DICT_DIR</span></code></p> |
| <ul> |
| <li><p><strong>Description</strong>: Specifies the directory containing Jieba dictionary files for Chinese text tokenization. At runtime, the system first checks this environment variable; if not set, it falls back to the compile-time <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">JIEBA_TEST_DICT_DIR</span></code> macro (only available in test builds). If neither is available, will fail with an error.</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </section> |
| <section id="vector-index-lumina"> |
| <h2>Vector Index (Lumina)<a class="headerlink" href="#vector-index-lumina" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2> |
| <p>An approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) index powered by Lumina for vector similarity search. |
| It supports high-dimensional vector search with configurable distance metrics and encoding strategies. |
| For more configurations, refer to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">docs/reference</span></code> directory in the Lumina release package.</p> |
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