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 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html><head>
 <meta HTTP-EQUIV="content-type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
 <title>BibTeX</title>
 </head>

 <body>
 <h2 align="left">BibTeX</h2>

 <p align="right"><em>A printer friendly PDF version of this page is available
 <a href="bibtex-format.pdf">bibtex-format.pdf  (48Kb)</a></em></p>

 <h3>Description</h3>
 BibTeX is a program and file format designed by Oren Patashnik and Leslie
 Lamport in 1985 for the LaTeX document preparation system. The format is
 entirely character based, so it can be used by any program (although the
 standard character set for accents is TeX). It is field (tag) based and the
 BibTeX program will ignore unknown fields, so it is expandable. It is
 probably the most common format for bibliographies on the Internet.

 <h3>References</h3>
 <ul>
   <li><cite>LaTeX: A Document Preparation System</cite> by Leslie Lamport,
     1986, Addison-Wesley.</li>
   <li><cite>BibTeXing</cite> ( <a
     href="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/packages/TeX/biblio/bibtex/distribs/doc/btxdoc.tex">
     <tt>btxdoc.tex</tt></a>), by Oren Patashnik, February 1988, (BibTeX
     distribution).</li>
   <li><a href="http://jasper.ora.com/texhelp/bibtx-4.html">Help file for
     BibTeX format</a></li>
   <li><a href="http://hypatia.dcs.qmw.ac.uk/html/bibliography.html">Hypatia's
     Guide to BibTeX</a>. A very nice document that serves the same function
     of this one.</li>
 </ul>

 <h3>Software Support</h3>
 The BibTeX program uses <a
 href="http://jasper.ora.com/texhelp/bibtx-50.html">style files</a>, a list of
 citations from LaTeX, and a BibTeX database to create a LaTeX file listing
 the cited references.

 <p>Dana Jacobsen maintains a <a
 href="http://www.ecst.csuchico.edu/~jacobsd/bib/tools/bibtex.html">list of
 some BibTeX tools</a>.</p>

 <p>If you're looking for BibTeX for the Mac, Vince Darley has done a <a
 href="http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~darley/MacBibTeX.html">port of BibTeX to
 the Mac</a>.</p>

 <p><a
 href="http://www.ecst.csuchico.edu/~jacobsd/bib/bp/index.html"><cite>bp</cite></a>
 and BibDB both fully support BibTeX.</p>

 <h3>Examples</h3>
 <pre>@article{Gettys90,
    author = {Jim Gettys and Phil Karlton and Scott McGregor},
    title = {The {X} Window System, Version 11},
    journal = {Software Practice and Experience},
    volume = {20},
    number = {S2},
    year = {1990},
    abstract = {A technical overview of the X11 functionality.  This is an update
 of the X10 TOG paper by Scheifler \&amp; Gettys.}
 }</pre>

 <h3>Common problems</h3>
 <ul>
   <li>The original documents specified a large number of field names, but
     there are many common items that are not listed. A list of some of the
     ones people have added are below.</li>
   <li>When using BibTeX, the interaction between names and accenting is
     somewhat tricky. You should use `G{\"o}del' or `G{\"{o}}del', and not
     `{G{\"{o}}del}' or `{G\"{o}del}'.</li>
   <li>The BibTeX program is written, as is all TeX, using static data
     structures, and the maximum length of any one string is by default 1000
     characters. It is not uncommon for fields like abstract and contents to
     overflow this buffer. Solutions to this include
     <ul>
       <li>change the source code to BibTeX (I've changed mine to 3000)</li>
       <li>use <tt>\include{<i>file.tex</i>}</tt> to include an external
       file</li>
       <li>split the field into <i>field1</i>, <i>field2</i>, ...</li>
     </ul>
   </li>
 </ul>

 <h3>Format Description</h3>

 <h3>Special features</h3>
 The <tt>@STRING</tt> command is used to define abbreviations for use by
 BibTeX. The command <tt>@string{jgg1 = "Journal of Gnats and Gnus,
 Series~1"}</tt> defines 'jgg1' to be the abbreviation for the string "Journal
 of Gnats and Gnus, Series~1". Any reference outside of quotes or braces to
 <tt>jgg1</tt> will be filled in with the full string.

 <p>The <tt>@PREAMBLE</tt> command is used to define formatter code that will
 be output directly to the <tt>bbl</tt> file produced by the BibTeX program.
 This usually consists of LaTeX macros. It is unclear what one should do with
 the fields when converting to a format that does not use TeX.</p>

 <p>The <tt>@COMMENT</tt> command lets you put any text inside it. It isn't
 really necessary, since BibTeX will ignore any text that isn't inside an
 entry. However, you can not have an <b>@</b> character outside of an item.</p>

 <h3>Standard entry types</h3>
 <dl>
   <dt><tt>@article</tt></dt>
     <dd>An article from a journal or magazine.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@book</tt></dt>
     <dd>A book with an explicit publisher.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@booklet</tt></dt>
     <dd>A work that is printed and bound, but without a named publisher or
       sponsoring institution.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@conference</tt></dt>
     <dd>The same as <tt>inproceedings</tt>.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@inbook</tt></dt>
     <dd>A part of a book, which may be a chapter (or section or whatever)
       and/or a range of pages.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@incollection</tt></dt>
     <dd>A part of a book having its own title.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@inproceedings</tt></dt>
     <dd>An article in a conference proceedings.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@manual</tt></dt>
     <dd>Technical documentation.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@mastersthesis</tt></dt>
     <dd>A Master's thesis.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@misc</tt></dt>
     <dd>Use this type when nothing else fits.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@phdthesis</tt></dt>
     <dd>A PhD thesis.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@proceedings</tt></dt>
     <dd>The proceedings of a conference.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@techreport</tt></dt>
     <dd>A report published by a school or other institution, usually numbered
       within a series.</dd>
   <dt><tt>@unpublished</tt></dt>
     <dd>A document having an author and title, but not formally
     published.</dd>
 </dl>

 <h3>Other entry types</h3>
 Using these entry types is not recommended, but they might occur in some
 bibliographies.
 <dl>
   <dt><tt>@collection</tt></dt>
     <dd>A collection of works. The same as <tt>proceedings</tt></dd>
   <dt><tt>@patent</tt></dt>
     <dd>A patent.</dd>
 </dl>

 <h3>Standard fields</h3>
 For now I'm going to be lazy and give you what Oren Patashnik wrote about the
 fields. I'll redo this sometime, including references to how each field
 should be formatted.
 <dl>
   <dt><tt>address</tt></dt>
     <dd>Usually the address of the <tt>publisher</tt> or other type of
       institution. For major publishing houses, van Leunen recommends
       omitting the information entirely. For small publishers, on the other
       hand, you can help the reader by giving the complete address.</dd>
   <dt><tt>annote</tt></dt>
     <dd>An annotation. It is not used by the standard bibliography styles,
       but may be used by others that produce an annotated bibliography.</dd>
   <dt><tt>author</tt></dt>
     <dd>The name(s) of the author(s), in the format described in the LaTeX
       book.</dd>
   <dt><tt>booktitle</tt></dt>
     <dd>Title of a book, part of which is being cited. See the LaTeX book for
       how to type titles. For book entries, use the <tt>title</tt> field
       instead.</dd>
   <dt><tt>chapter</tt></dt>
     <dd>A chapter (or section or whatever) number.</dd>
   <dt><tt>crossref</tt></dt>
     <dd>The database key of the entry being cross referenced. Any fields that
       are missing from the current record are inherited from the field being
       cross referenced.</dd>
   <dt><tt>edition</tt></dt>
     <dd>The edition of a book---for example, ``Second''. This should be an
       ordinal, and should have the first letter capitalized, as shown here;
       the standard styles convert to lower case when necessary.</dd>
   <dt><tt>editor</tt></dt>
     <dd>Name(s) of editor(s), typed as indicated in the LaTeX book. If there
       is also an <tt>author</tt> field, then the <tt>editor</tt> field gives
       the editor of the book or collection in which the reference
     appears.</dd>
   <dt><tt>howpublished</tt></dt>
     <dd>How something strange has been published. The first word should be
       capitalized.</dd>
   <dt><tt>institution</tt></dt>
     <dd>The sponsoring institution of a technical report.</dd>
   <dt><tt>journal</tt></dt>
     <dd>A journal name. Abbreviations are provided for many journals.</dd>
   <dt><tt>key</tt></dt>
     <dd>Used for alphabetizing, cross referencing, and creating a label when
       the ``author'' information <!-- See odds-and-ends -->
        is missing. This field should not be confused with the key that
       appears in the <tt>cite</tt> command and at the beginning of the
       database entry.</dd>
   <dt><tt>month</tt></dt>
     <dd>The month in which the work was published or, for an unpublished
       work, in which it was written. You should use the standard three-letter
       abbreviation, as described in Appendix B.1.3 of the LaTeX book.</dd>
   <dt><tt>note</tt></dt>
     <dd>Any additional information that can help the reader. The first word
       should be capitalized.</dd>
   <dt><tt>number</tt></dt>
     <dd>The number of a journal, magazine, technical report, or of a work in
       a series. An issue of a journal or magazine is usually identified by
       its volume and number; the organization that issues a technical report
       usually gives it a number; and sometimes books are given numbers in a
       named series.</dd>
   <dt><tt>organization</tt></dt>
     <dd>The organization that sponsors a conference or that publishes a
       <tt>manual</tt>.</dd>
   <dt><tt>pages</tt></dt>
     <dd>One or more page numbers or range of numbers, such as
       <tt>42--111</tt> or <tt>7,41,73--97</tt> or <tt>43+</tt> (the
       `<tt>+</tt>' in this last example indicates pages following that don't
       form a simple range). To make it easier to maintain
       <cite>Scribe</cite>-compatible databases, the standard styles convert a
       single dash (as in <tt>7-33</tt>) to the double dash used in TeX to
       denote number ranges (as in <tt>7--33</tt>).</dd>
   <dt><tt>publisher</tt></dt>
     <dd>The publisher's name.</dd>
   <dt><tt>school</tt></dt>
     <dd>The name of the school where a thesis was written.</dd>
   <dt><tt>series</tt></dt>
     <dd>The name of a series or set of books. When citing an entire book, the
       the <tt>title</tt> field gives its title and an optional
       <tt>series</tt> field gives the name of a series or multi-volume set in
       which the book is published.</dd>
   <dt><tt>title</tt></dt>
     <dd>The work's title, typed as explained in the LaTeX book.</dd>
   <dt><tt>type</tt></dt>
     <dd>The type of a technical report---for example, ``Research Note''.</dd>
   <dt><tt>volume</tt></dt>
     <dd>The volume of a journal or multi-volume book.</dd>
   <dt><tt>year</tt></dt>
     <dd>The year of publication or, for an unpublished work, the year it was
       written. Generally it should consist of four numerals, such as
       <tt>1984</tt>, although the standard styles can handle any
       <tt>year</tt> whose last four nonpunctuation characters are numerals,
       such as `\hbox{(about 1984)}'.</dd>
 </dl>

 <h3>Other fields</h3>
 BibTeX is extremely popular, and many people have used it to store
 information. Here is a list of some of the more common fields:
 <dl>
   <dt><tt>affiliation</tt></dt>
     <dd>The authors affiliation.</dd>
   <dt><tt>abstract</tt></dt>
     <dd>An abstract of the work.</dd>
   <dt><tt>contents</tt></dt>
     <dd>A Table of Contents</dd>
   <dt><tt>copyright</tt></dt>
     <dd>Copyright information.</dd>
   <dt><tt>ISBN</tt></dt>
     <dd>The International Standard Book Number.</dd>
   <dt><tt>ISSN</tt></dt>
     <dd>The International Standard Serial Number. Used to identify a
     journal.</dd>
   <dt><tt>keywords</tt></dt>
     <dd>Key words used for searching or possibly for annotation.</dd>
   <dt><tt>language</tt></dt>
     <dd>The language the document is in.</dd>
   <dt><tt>location</tt></dt>
     <dd>A location associated with the entry, such as the city in which a
       conference took place.</dd>
   <dt><tt>LCCN</tt></dt>
     <dd>The Library of Congress Call Number. I've also seen this as
       <tt>lib-congress</tt>.</dd>
   <dt><tt>mrnumber</tt></dt>
     <dd>The <i>Mathematical Reviews</i> number.</dd>
   <dt><tt>price</tt></dt>
     <dd>The price of the document.</dd>
   <dt><tt>size</tt></dt>
     <dd>The physical dimensions of a work.</dd>
   <dt><tt>URL</tt></dt>
     <dd>The WWW Universal Resource Locator that points to the item being
       referenced. This often is used for technical reports to point to the
       ftp site where the postscript source of the report is located.</dd>
 </dl>
 [<a href="/~jacobsd/bib/formats/index.html">Back to Formats</a>]
 <hr>
 <b>12 December 1996</b>
 <address>
   <a href="http://www.ecst.csuchico.edu/~jacobsd/Dana.html">Dana
   Jacobsen</a><br>
   dana@acm.org
 </address>
 <!-- The following section added by WWWOFFLE -->
 </body>
 </html>
	<!DOCTYPE html>
	<html><head>
	<meta HTTP-EQUIV="content-type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
	<title>BibTeX</title>
	</head>

	<body>
	<h2 align="left">BibTeX</h2>

	<p align="right"><em>A printer friendly PDF version of this page is available
	<a href="bibtex-format.pdf">bibtex-format.pdf (48Kb)</a></em></p>

	<h3>Description</h3>
	BibTeX is a program and file format designed by Oren Patashnik and Leslie
	Lamport in 1985 for the LaTeX document preparation system. The format is
	entirely character based, so it can be used by any program (although the
	standard character set for accents is TeX). It is field (tag) based and the
	BibTeX program will ignore unknown fields, so it is expandable. It is
	probably the most common format for bibliographies on the Internet.

	<h3>References</h3>
	<ul>
	<li><cite>LaTeX: A Document Preparation System</cite> by Leslie Lamport,
	1986, Addison-Wesley.</li>
	<li><cite>BibTeXing</cite> ( <a
	href="ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/packages/TeX/biblio/bibtex/distribs/doc/btxdoc.tex">
	<tt>btxdoc.tex</tt></a>), by Oren Patashnik, February 1988, (BibTeX
	distribution).</li>
	<li><a href="http://jasper.ora.com/texhelp/bibtx-4.html">Help file for
	BibTeX format</a></li>
	<li><a href="http://hypatia.dcs.qmw.ac.uk/html/bibliography.html">Hypatia's
	Guide to BibTeX</a>. A very nice document that serves the same function
	of this one.</li>
	</ul>

	<h3>Software Support</h3>
	The BibTeX program uses <a
	href="http://jasper.ora.com/texhelp/bibtx-50.html">style files</a>, a list of
	citations from LaTeX, and a BibTeX database to create a LaTeX file listing
	the cited references.

	<p>Dana Jacobsen maintains a <a
	href="http://www.ecst.csuchico.edu/~jacobsd/bib/tools/bibtex.html">list of
	some BibTeX tools</a>.</p>

	<p>If you're looking for BibTeX for the Mac, Vince Darley has done a <a
	href="http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~darley/MacBibTeX.html">port of BibTeX to
	the Mac</a>.</p>

	<p><a
	href="http://www.ecst.csuchico.edu/~jacobsd/bib/bp/index.html"><cite>bp</cite></a>
	and BibDB both fully support BibTeX.</p>

	<h3>Examples</h3>
	<pre>@article{Gettys90,
	author = {Jim Gettys and Phil Karlton and Scott McGregor},
	title = {The {X} Window System, Version 11},
	journal = {Software Practice and Experience},
	volume = {20},
	number = {S2},
	year = {1990},
	abstract = {A technical overview of the X11 functionality. This is an update
	of the X10 TOG paper by Scheifler \& Gettys.}
	}</pre>

	<h3>Common problems</h3>
	<ul>
	<li>The original documents specified a large number of field names, but
	there are many common items that are not listed. A list of some of the
	ones people have added are below.</li>
	<li>When using BibTeX, the interaction between names and accenting is
	somewhat tricky. You should use `G{\"o}del' or `G{\"{o}}del', and not
	`{G{\"{o}}del}' or `{G\"{o}del}'.</li>
	<li>The BibTeX program is written, as is all TeX, using static data
	structures, and the maximum length of any one string is by default 1000
	characters. It is not uncommon for fields like abstract and contents to
	overflow this buffer. Solutions to this include
	<ul>
	<li>change the source code to BibTeX (I've changed mine to 3000)</li>
	<li>use <tt>\include{<i>file.tex</i>}</tt> to include an external
	file</li>
	<li>split the field into <i>field1</i>, <i>field2</i>, ...</li>
	</ul>
	</li>
	</ul>

	<h3>Format Description</h3>

	<h3>Special features</h3>
	The <tt>@STRING</tt> command is used to define abbreviations for use by
	BibTeX. The command <tt>@string{jgg1 = "Journal of Gnats and Gnus,
	Series~1"}</tt> defines 'jgg1' to be the abbreviation for the string "Journal
	of Gnats and Gnus, Series~1". Any reference outside of quotes or braces to
	<tt>jgg1</tt> will be filled in with the full string.

	<p>The <tt>@PREAMBLE</tt> command is used to define formatter code that will
	be output directly to the <tt>bbl</tt> file produced by the BibTeX program.
	This usually consists of LaTeX macros. It is unclear what one should do with
	the fields when converting to a format that does not use TeX.</p>

	<p>The <tt>@COMMENT</tt> command lets you put any text inside it. It isn't
	really necessary, since BibTeX will ignore any text that isn't inside an
	entry. However, you can not have an <b>@</b> character outside of an item.</p>

	<h3>Standard entry types</h3>
	<dl>
	<dt><tt>@article</tt></dt>
	<dd>An article from a journal or magazine.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@book</tt></dt>
	<dd>A book with an explicit publisher.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@booklet</tt></dt>
	<dd>A work that is printed and bound, but without a named publisher or
	sponsoring institution.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@conference</tt></dt>
	<dd>The same as <tt>inproceedings</tt>.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@inbook</tt></dt>
	<dd>A part of a book, which may be a chapter (or section or whatever)
	and/or a range of pages.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@incollection</tt></dt>
	<dd>A part of a book having its own title.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@inproceedings</tt></dt>
	<dd>An article in a conference proceedings.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@manual</tt></dt>
	<dd>Technical documentation.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@mastersthesis</tt></dt>
	<dd>A Master's thesis.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@misc</tt></dt>
	<dd>Use this type when nothing else fits.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@phdthesis</tt></dt>
	<dd>A PhD thesis.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@proceedings</tt></dt>
	<dd>The proceedings of a conference.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@techreport</tt></dt>
	<dd>A report published by a school or other institution, usually numbered
	within a series.</dd>
	<dt><tt>@unpublished</tt></dt>
	<dd>A document having an author and title, but not formally
	published.</dd>
	</dl>

	<h3>Other entry types</h3>
	Using these entry types is not recommended, but they might occur in some
	bibliographies.
	<dl>
	<dt><tt>@collection</tt></dt>
	<dd>A collection of works. The same as <tt>proceedings</tt></dd>
	<dt><tt>@patent</tt></dt>
	<dd>A patent.</dd>
	</dl>

	<h3>Standard fields</h3>
	For now I'm going to be lazy and give you what Oren Patashnik wrote about the
	fields. I'll redo this sometime, including references to how each field
	should be formatted.
	<dl>
	<dt><tt>address</tt></dt>
	<dd>Usually the address of the <tt>publisher</tt> or other type of
	institution. For major publishing houses, van Leunen recommends
	omitting the information entirely. For small publishers, on the other
	hand, you can help the reader by giving the complete address.</dd>
	<dt><tt>annote</tt></dt>
	<dd>An annotation. It is not used by the standard bibliography styles,
	but may be used by others that produce an annotated bibliography.</dd>
	<dt><tt>author</tt></dt>
	<dd>The name(s) of the author(s), in the format described in the LaTeX
	book.</dd>
	<dt><tt>booktitle</tt></dt>
	<dd>Title of a book, part of which is being cited. See the LaTeX book for
	how to type titles. For book entries, use the <tt>title</tt> field
	instead.</dd>
	<dt><tt>chapter</tt></dt>
	<dd>A chapter (or section or whatever) number.</dd>
	<dt><tt>crossref</tt></dt>
	<dd>The database key of the entry being cross referenced. Any fields that
	are missing from the current record are inherited from the field being
	cross referenced.</dd>
	<dt><tt>edition</tt></dt>
	<dd>The edition of a book---for example, ``Second''. This should be an
	ordinal, and should have the first letter capitalized, as shown here;
	the standard styles convert to lower case when necessary.</dd>
	<dt><tt>editor</tt></dt>
	<dd>Name(s) of editor(s), typed as indicated in the LaTeX book. If there
	is also an <tt>author</tt> field, then the <tt>editor</tt> field gives
	the editor of the book or collection in which the reference
	appears.</dd>
	<dt><tt>howpublished</tt></dt>
	<dd>How something strange has been published. The first word should be
	capitalized.</dd>
	<dt><tt>institution</tt></dt>
	<dd>The sponsoring institution of a technical report.</dd>
	<dt><tt>journal</tt></dt>
	<dd>A journal name. Abbreviations are provided for many journals.</dd>
	<dt><tt>key</tt></dt>
	<dd>Used for alphabetizing, cross referencing, and creating a label when
	the ``author'' information <!-- See odds-and-ends -->
	is missing. This field should not be confused with the key that
	appears in the <tt>cite</tt> command and at the beginning of the
	database entry.</dd>
	<dt><tt>month</tt></dt>
	<dd>The month in which the work was published or, for an unpublished
	work, in which it was written. You should use the standard three-letter
	abbreviation, as described in Appendix B.1.3 of the LaTeX book.</dd>
	<dt><tt>note</tt></dt>
	<dd>Any additional information that can help the reader. The first word
	should be capitalized.</dd>
	<dt><tt>number</tt></dt>
	<dd>The number of a journal, magazine, technical report, or of a work in
	a series. An issue of a journal or magazine is usually identified by
	its volume and number; the organization that issues a technical report
	usually gives it a number; and sometimes books are given numbers in a
	named series.</dd>
	<dt><tt>organization</tt></dt>
	<dd>The organization that sponsors a conference or that publishes a
	<tt>manual</tt>.</dd>
	<dt><tt>pages</tt></dt>
	<dd>One or more page numbers or range of numbers, such as
	<tt>42--111</tt> or <tt>7,41,73--97</tt> or <tt>43+</tt> (the
	`<tt>+</tt>' in this last example indicates pages following that don't
	form a simple range). To make it easier to maintain
	<cite>Scribe</cite>-compatible databases, the standard styles convert a
	single dash (as in <tt>7-33</tt>) to the double dash used in TeX to
	denote number ranges (as in <tt>7--33</tt>).</dd>
	<dt><tt>publisher</tt></dt>
	<dd>The publisher's name.</dd>
	<dt><tt>school</tt></dt>
	<dd>The name of the school where a thesis was written.</dd>
	<dt><tt>series</tt></dt>
	<dd>The name of a series or set of books. When citing an entire book, the
	the <tt>title</tt> field gives its title and an optional
	<tt>series</tt> field gives the name of a series or multi-volume set in
	which the book is published.</dd>
	<dt><tt>title</tt></dt>
	<dd>The work's title, typed as explained in the LaTeX book.</dd>
	<dt><tt>type</tt></dt>
	<dd>The type of a technical report---for example, ``Research Note''.</dd>
	<dt><tt>volume</tt></dt>
	<dd>The volume of a journal or multi-volume book.</dd>
	<dt><tt>year</tt></dt>
	<dd>The year of publication or, for an unpublished work, the year it was
	written. Generally it should consist of four numerals, such as
	<tt>1984</tt>, although the standard styles can handle any
	<tt>year</tt> whose last four nonpunctuation characters are numerals,
	such as `\hbox{(about 1984)}'.</dd>
	</dl>

	<h3>Other fields</h3>
	BibTeX is extremely popular, and many people have used it to store
	information. Here is a list of some of the more common fields:
	<dl>
	<dt><tt>affiliation</tt></dt>
	<dd>The authors affiliation.</dd>
	<dt><tt>abstract</tt></dt>
	<dd>An abstract of the work.</dd>
	<dt><tt>contents</tt></dt>
	<dd>A Table of Contents</dd>
	<dt><tt>copyright</tt></dt>
	<dd>Copyright information.</dd>
	<dt><tt>ISBN</tt></dt>
	<dd>The International Standard Book Number.</dd>
	<dt><tt>ISSN</tt></dt>
	<dd>The International Standard Serial Number. Used to identify a
	journal.</dd>
	<dt><tt>keywords</tt></dt>
	<dd>Key words used for searching or possibly for annotation.</dd>
	<dt><tt>language</tt></dt>
	<dd>The language the document is in.</dd>
	<dt><tt>location</tt></dt>
	<dd>A location associated with the entry, such as the city in which a
	conference took place.</dd>
	<dt><tt>LCCN</tt></dt>
	<dd>The Library of Congress Call Number. I've also seen this as
	<tt>lib-congress</tt>.</dd>
	<dt><tt>mrnumber</tt></dt>
	<dd>The <i>Mathematical Reviews</i> number.</dd>
	<dt><tt>price</tt></dt>
	<dd>The price of the document.</dd>
	<dt><tt>size</tt></dt>
	<dd>The physical dimensions of a work.</dd>
	<dt><tt>URL</tt></dt>
	<dd>The WWW Universal Resource Locator that points to the item being
	referenced. This often is used for technical reports to point to the
	ftp site where the postscript source of the report is located.</dd>
	</dl>
	[<a href="/~jacobsd/bib/formats/index.html">Back to Formats</a>]
	<hr>
	<b>12 December 1996</b>
	<address>
	<a href="http://www.ecst.csuchico.edu/~jacobsd/Dana.html">Dana
	Jacobsen</a><br>
	dana@acm.org
	</address>
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