# <pre> | |
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of | |
# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. | |
# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15): | |
# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see | |
# <a href="http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/"> | |
# COMNAP - Stations and Bases | |
# </a> | |
# and | |
# <a href="http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm"> | |
# Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23) | |
# </a> | |
# for information. | |
# Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information. | |
# | |
# Except for the French entries, | |
# I made up all time zone abbreviations mentioned here; corrections welcome! | |
# FORMAT is `zzz' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited. | |
# These rules are stolen from the `southamerica' file. | |
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 - | |
Rule ArgAQ 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S | |
Rule ArgAQ 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 - | |
Rule ArgAQ 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S | |
Rule ArgAQ 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 - | |
Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S | |
Rule ArgAQ 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S | |
Rule ChileAQ 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S | |
Rule ChileAQ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S | |
Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S | |
Rule ChileAQ 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S | |
Rule ChileAQ 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S | |
Rule ChileAQ 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 1999 2010 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S | |
Rule ChileAQ 2000 2007 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - | |
# N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time, | |
# which is used below in specifying the transition. | |
Rule ChileAQ 2008 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 2009 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 2010 only - Apr Sun>=1 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - May Sun>=2 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 2011 only - Aug Sun>=16 4:00u 1:00 S | |
Rule ChileAQ 2012 only - Apr Sun>=23 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 2012 only - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 S | |
Rule ChileAQ 2013 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 - | |
Rule ChileAQ 2013 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S | |
# These rules are stolen from the `australasia' file. | |
Rule AusAQ 1917 only - Jan 1 0:01 1:00 - | |
Rule AusAQ 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 - | |
Rule AusAQ 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 - | |
Rule AusAQ 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 - | |
Rule AusAQ 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 - | |
Rule AusAQ 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - | |
Rule AusAQ 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1968 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00s 1:00 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1991 1999 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 - | |
Rule ATAQ 1991 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
Rule ATAQ 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - | |
Rule ATAQ 2001 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 - | |
Rule ATAQ 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
Rule ATAQ 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
Rule ATAQ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
# Argentina - year-round bases | |
# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05 | |
# Esperanza, San Martin Land, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17 | |
# Jubany, Potter Peninsula, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01 | |
# Marambio, Seymour I, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29 | |
# Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22 | |
# San Martin, Debenham I, -6807-06708, since 1951-03-21 | |
# (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21) | |
# Australia - territories | |
# Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited) | |
# previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered | |
# <a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html"> | |
# Margaret Turner reports | |
# </a> (1999-09-30) that they're UTC+5, with no DST; | |
# presumably this is when they have visitors. | |
# | |
# year-round bases | |
# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969 | |
# Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13 | |
# (except 1964-11 - 1969-02) | |
# Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13 | |
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11): | |
# Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone: | |
# Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11 | |
# Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5 | |
# Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5 | |
# The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times). | |
# | |
# Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division) | |
# <a href="http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079"> | |
# http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079 | |
# </a> | |
# | |
# We have more background information here: | |
# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html"> | |
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html | |
# </a> | |
# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): | |
# We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: | |
# - Macquarie Island will stay on UTC+11 for winter and therefore not | |
# switch back from daylight savings time when other parts of Australia do | |
# on 4 April. | |
# | |
# - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010. | |
# The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but | |
# has not been decided yet. | |
# | |
# - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010 | |
# 20:00 UTC. | |
# | |
# - Mawson station stays on UTC+5. | |
# | |
# In addition to the Rule changes for Casey/Davis, it means that Macquarie | |
# will no longer be like Hobart and will have to have its own Zone created. | |
# | |
# Background: | |
# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html"> | |
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html | |
# </a> | |
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - zzz 1969 | |
8:00 - WST 2009 Oct 18 2:00 | |
# Western (Aus) Standard Time | |
11:00 - CAST 2010 Mar 5 2:00 | |
# Casey Time | |
8:00 - WST 2011 Oct 28 2:00 | |
11:00 - CAST 2012 Feb 21 17:00u | |
8:00 - WST | |
Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 13 | |
7:00 - DAVT 1964 Nov # Davis Time | |
0 - zzz 1969 Feb | |
7:00 - DAVT 2009 Oct 18 2:00 | |
5:00 - DAVT 2010 Mar 10 20:00u | |
7:00 - DAVT 2011 Oct 28 2:00 | |
5:00 - DAVT 2012 Feb 21 20:00u | |
7:00 - DAVT | |
Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - zzz 1954 Feb 13 | |
6:00 - MAWT 2009 Oct 18 2:00 | |
# Mawson Time | |
5:00 - MAWT | |
Zone Antarctica/Macquarie 0 - zzz 1911 | |
10:00 - EST 1916 Oct 1 2:00 | |
10:00 1:00 EST 1917 Feb | |
10:00 AusAQ EST 1967 | |
10:00 ATAQ EST 2010 Apr 4 3:00 | |
11:00 - MIST # Macquarie Island Time | |
# References: | |
# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html"> | |
# Casey Weather (1998-02-26) | |
# </a> | |
# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html"> | |
# Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26) | |
# </a> | |
# <a href="http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html"> | |
# Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25) | |
# </a> | |
# Brazil - year-round base | |
# Comandante Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4 | |
# Chile - year-round bases and towns | |
# Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994 | |
# Presidente Eduadro Frei, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07 | |
# General Bernardo O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02 | |
# Capitan Arturo Prat, -6230-05941 | |
# Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09 | |
# These locations have always used Santiago time; use TZ='America/Santiago'. | |
# China - year-round bases | |
# Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20 | |
# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26 | |
# France - year-round bases | |
# | |
# From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20): | |
# Time data are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP | |
# (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology). | |
# She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adelie bases | |
# don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adelie supplies came | |
# from Tasmania. | |
# | |
# French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants | |
# | |
# Martin-de-Vivies Base, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950 | |
# Alfred-Faure Base, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964 | |
# Port-aux-Francais, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951; | |
# whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956 | |
# | |
# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited | |
# fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931 | |
# | |
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - zzz 1950 # Port-aux-Francais | |
5:00 - TFT # ISO code TF Time | |
# | |
# year-round base in the main continent | |
# Dumont-d'Urville, Ile des Petrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11 | |
# | |
# Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947. | |
# It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14. | |
# | |
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - zzz 1947 | |
10:00 - PMT 1952 Jan 14 # Port-Martin Time | |
0 - zzz 1956 Nov | |
10:00 - DDUT # Dumont-d'Urville Time | |
# Reference: | |
# <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station"> | |
# Dumont d'Urville Station (2005-12-05) | |
# </a> | |
# Germany - year-round base | |
# Georg von Neumayer, -7039-00815 | |
# India - year-round base | |
# Dakshin Gangotri, -7005+01200 | |
# Japan - year-round bases | |
# Dome Fuji, -7719+03942 | |
# Syowa, -690022+0393524 | |
# | |
# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06): | |
# In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time. | |
# | |
# Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan, | |
# was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main | |
# station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location. | |
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - zzz 1957 Jan 29 | |
3:00 - SYOT # Syowa Time | |
# See: | |
# <a href="http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html"> | |
# NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17) | |
# </a> | |
# S Korea - year-round base | |
# King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988 | |
# New Zealand - claims | |
# Balleny Islands (never inhabited) | |
# Scott Island (never inhabited) | |
# | |
# year-round base | |
# Scott, Ross Island, since 1957-01, is like Antarctica/McMurdo. | |
# | |
# These rules for New Zealand are stolen from the `australasia' file. | |
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
Rule NZAQ 1974 only - Nov 3 2:00s 1:00 D | |
Rule NZAQ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D | |
Rule NZAQ 1989 only - Oct 8 2:00s 1:00 D | |
Rule NZAQ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D | |
Rule NZAQ 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00s 0 S | |
Rule NZAQ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S | |
Rule NZAQ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S | |
Rule NZAQ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D | |
Rule NZAQ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S | |
# Norway - territories | |
# Bouvet (never inhabited) | |
# | |
# claims | |
# Peter I Island (never inhabited) | |
# Poland - year-round base | |
# Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977 | |
# Russia - year-round bases | |
# Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22 | |
# Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02 | |
# Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551, | |
# year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01 | |
# Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150, | |
# year-round from 1960/61 to 1992 | |
# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11 | |
# <a href="http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP"> | |
# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15)</a>: | |
# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same | |
# time as Moscow, Russia. | |
# | |
# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08): | |
# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is | |
# what they had to say about time there: | |
# ``in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo) | |
# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was | |
# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead | |
# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The | |
# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT.'' | |
# | |
# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04): | |
# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it | |
# in person. He said that some Antartic locations set their local | |
# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this | |
# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean | |
# solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks | |
# happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time | |
# it is at Vostok. But we'll guess UTC+6. | |
# | |
Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - zzz 1957 Dec 16 | |
6:00 - VOST # Vostok time | |
# S Africa - year-round bases | |
# Marion Island, -4653+03752 | |
# Sanae, -7141-00250 | |
# UK | |
# | |
# British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims | |
# South Orkney Islands | |
# scientific station from 1903 | |
# whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926 | |
# South Shetland Islands | |
# | |
# year-round bases | |
# Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983 | |
# Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931, | |
# scientific station 1943/1967, | |
# previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident, | |
# and a garrison was deployed briefly | |
# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06 | |
# Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated | |
# so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location. | |
# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01 | |
# | |
# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22) | |
# <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year. | |
# | |
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - zzz 1976 Dec 1 | |
-3:00 - ROTT # Rothera time | |
# Uruguay - year round base | |
# Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107 | |
# USA - year-round bases | |
# | |
# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968) | |
# | |
# From Ethan Dicks (1996-10-06): | |
# It keeps the same time as Punta Arenas, Chile, because, just like us | |
# and the South Pole, that's the other end of their supply line.... | |
# I verified with someone who was there that since 1980, | |
# Palmer has followed Chile. Prior to that, before the Falklands War, | |
# Palmer used to be supplied from Argentina. | |
# | |
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
Zone Antarctica/Palmer 0 - zzz 1965 | |
-4:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1969 Oct 5 | |
-3:00 ArgAQ AR%sT 1982 May | |
-4:00 ChileAQ CL%sT | |
# | |
# | |
# McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1955-12 | |
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
Zone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - zzz 1956 | |
12:00 NZAQ NZ%sT | |
# | |
# Amundsen-Scott, South Pole, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20 | |
# | |
# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): | |
# Normally it wouldn't have a separate entry, since it's like the | |
# larger Antarctica/McMurdo since 1970, but it's too famous to omit. | |
# | |
# From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27): | |
# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station, | |
# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station, | |
# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12 | |
# as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound, | |
# which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year | |
# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 degrees SOUTH.) | |
# | |
# From Susan Smith | |
# http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html | |
# (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available): | |
# We use the same time as McMurdo does. | |
# And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does.... | |
# One last quirk about South Pole time. | |
# All the electric clocks are usually wrong. | |
# Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something | |
# makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days, | |
# we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so. | |
# Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!! | |
# | |
Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole |