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| <title>Packaging and Deploying Desktop Java Applications</title> | |
| <meta name="description" content="Creating executable JAR files and deploying netbeans projects"> | |
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| <meta name="author" content="Max Sauer, Patrick Keegan"> | |
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| <h1>Packaging and Deploying Desktop Java Applications</h1> | |
| <div class="articledate" style="margin-left: 0px;">Contributed by <i>Max Sauer</i> | |
| and maintained by <i>Patrick Keegan</i></div> | |
| <div class="feedback-box"> | |
| <a href="/about/contact_form.html?to=3&subject=Packaging%20and%20Deploying%20Desktop%20Java%20Applications">Feedback</a> | |
| </div> | |
| <p>One question that a lot of beginning programmers have is: "Now that I've created my | |
| application in the IDE, how do I get it to work from the command line outside of the IDE." | |
| Similarly, someone might ask, "How do I distribute this application to other users | |
| without having to give them the whole IDE as well?" | |
| </p> | |
| <p>The answers to these questions are relatively simple, but not necessarily obvious. | |
| This document addresses those questions by taking you through the basics of using NetBeans IDE to | |
| prepare your applications for distribution and then deploying those applications. In addition, | |
| this document provides information that you might need to configure your system (or which | |
| you might need to pass on to the users of your application). | |
| We will show a few different approaches for deploying an application, so that | |
| users can access the application by: | |
| <ul> | |
| <li>Double-clicking the application's Java Archive (JAR) file.</li> | |
| <li>Calling the application from the command line.</li> | |
| <li>Calling the application from a script file.</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <p>Along the way, we will cover some basics of | |
| <a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/deployment/jar/">JAR file</a> | |
| structure and how JAR files are dealt with inside IDE projects. </p> | |
| <p class="align-center"><b>Expected duration: <i>30 minutes</i> for the main | |
| exercise and <i>15 minutes</i> for the optional exercise.</b></p> | |
| <div class="indent"> | |
| <h3 class="tutorial">Prerequisites</h3> | |
| <p>This tutorial has no prerequisites.</p> | |
| <table> | |
| <tbody> | |
| <tr> | |
| <th class="tblheader" scope="col">Software or Resource</th> | |
| <th class="tblheader" scope="col">Version Required</th> | |
| </tr> | |
| <tr> | |
| <td class="tbltd1"><a href="https://netbeans.org/downloads/index.html">NetBeans IDE</a></td> | |
| <td class="tbltd1">Java SE, Java, or All bundle</td> | |
| </tr> | |
| <tr> | |
| <td class="tbltd1"><a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp">Java Development Kit (JDK)</a></td> | |
| <td class="tbltd1">version 6 or<br> | |
| version 5</td> | |
| </tr> | |
| </tbody> | |
| </table> | |
| <h3 class="tutorial">Tutorial Exercises</h3> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li><a href="#Exercise_0">Setup: Installing and Configuring the Tutorial Environment</a></li> | |
| <li><a href="#Exercise_1">Main Exercise: Creating and Distributing Executable JAR Files</a></li> | |
| <li><a href="#Exercise_2">Optional Exercise: Starting Your Java Application From the Command Line</a></li> | |
| </ul> | |
| </div> | |
| <!-- ===================================================================================== --> | |
| <h2><a name="Exercise_0"></a>Setup: Installing and Configuring the Tutorial | |
| Environment</h2> | |
| <p>Download the <a href="http://usersguide.netbeans.org/files/documents/40/860/DeploymentTutorial.zip">DeploymentTutorial.zip</a> | |
| file and unpack it on to your system. This zip file contains source files for the application plus a few other | |
| files that will be useful for the tutorial.</p> | |
| <p>On Microsoft Windows systems, use WinZip or similar archive packaging software | |
| to extract the files.</p> | |
| </p> | |
| <p>To unpack the zip file on a UNIX platform, change directories to the | |
| location of the zip file and type the following in a terminal window: | |
| <pre class="examplecode">$ unzip DeploymentTutorial.zip</pre> | |
| </p> | |
| <!-- ===================================================================================== --> | |
| <h2><a name="Exercise_1"></a>Main Exercise: Creating and Distributing Executable JAR Files</h2> | |
| <p>The goal of this exercise is to show you how to create a distributable application from the IDE | |
| and then run that application from outside of the IDE. We will package | |
| the application in the form of an executable JAR file. A JAR file is an archive file | |
| that can contain multiple files and folders. JAR files are similar to zip files, | |
| but JAR files can have additional attributes | |
| that are useful for distributing Java applications.</p> | |
| <p>In this exercise, you create an IDE project and then place two pre-written | |
| Java source files into that project. | |
| Then you will compile the classes and build an executable JAR file. Afterwards, you will | |
| learn how to run the JAR file from outside of the IDE.</p> | |
| <p>These classes implement | |
| features of the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/grep/">GNU grep</a> utility, which can | |
| be used for searching text or regular expression patterns inside text files. | |
| The project contains both command-line | |
| and GUI versions of the application, so that you can see different ways of running | |
| the application. | |
| </p> | |
| <div class="indent"> | |
| <h3 class="tutorial">Setting Up the Project</h3> | |
| <p>To set up the project:</p> | |
| <ol> | |
| <li>In NetBeans IDE, choose File > New Project.</li> | |
| <li>In the General Category page of the New Project wizard, select | |
| Java Project With Existing Sources. Click Next.</li> | |
| <li>On the Name and Location page of the wizard, fill in a name and folder for your project. | |
| Leave the Set as Main Project checkbox selected. Click Next. | |
| <p>For example, type <tt>AnotherGrep</tt> for Project Name. | |
| For the Project Folder field, you can just accept the default.</p> | |
| <p>The project folder does <i>not</i> have to be in the same location as | |
| the source files that you are importing into the project.</p></li> | |
| <li>On the Existing Sources page of the wizard, you specify the | |
| sources that will be in the project. | |
| Click the Add Folder button that is to the right of the | |
| Source Package Folders field. Then navigate to the <tt>DeploymentTutorial</tt> | |
| folder that you have just unzipped on your system, expand the folder, | |
| select the <tt>src</tt> folder, and click Open. | |
| The <tt>src</tt> folder is added to your | |
| Source Package Folders field.</li> | |
| <li>Click Finish.</li> | |
| </ol> | |
| <p>The project opens in the IDE and becomes visibile in the Projects window. | |
| You can explore the contents of the project by expanding the project's Source Packages node, where you | |
| should see classes called <tt>Grep</tt> and <tt>xGrep</tt>. <tt>Grep.java</tt> is a console | |
| version of the application. <tt>xGrep.java</tt> is a GUI version of the | |
| application and uses methods defined in <tt>Grep.java</tt>.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="indent"> | |
| <h3 class="tutorial">Configuring the Project</h3> | |
| <p>At this point, you have all of the source code that you need to make the | |
| project work. However, there is some more configuration that you need to do. | |
| You need to:</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li>Set the project's main class. By doing this, you ensure that the | |
| JAR file that you create when you build the project is executable.</li> | |
| <li>Add the Swing Layout Extensions library to the project. This | |
| step is necessary because <tt>xGrep.java</tt> uses the new GroupLayout | |
| layout manager classes, which are not currently included in the JDK. (GroupLayout | |
| will be added to JDK 6.)</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <div class="indent"> | |
| <h4>Setting the Main Class</h4> | |
| <p>In order for a user to easily run your JAR file (by double-clicking | |
| the JAR file or by typing <tt>java -jar AnotherGrep.jar</tt> | |
| at the command line), a main class has to be specified inside the JAR's | |
| <i>manifest</i> file. (The manifest is a standard part of the JAR file | |
| that contains information about the JAR file that is useful for | |
| the <tt>java</tt> launcher when you want to run the application.) | |
| </p> | |
| <p>When you build a project, the IDE builds the JAR file and includes a | |
| manifest. When you set the project's main class, you ensure that the | |
| main class will be designated in the manifest when you later build | |
| the project.</p> | |
| <p>To set the project's main class:</p> | |
| <ol> | |
| <li>Right-click the project's node and choose Properties.</li> | |
| <li>Select the Run panel and enter <tt>anothergrep.xGrep</tt> | |
| in the Main Class field.</li> | |
| <li>Click OK to close the Project Properties dialog box.</li> | |
| </ol> | |
| <p>When you build the project later in this tutorial, the manifest will be | |
| generated and include the following entry: | |
| <pre class="examplecode">Main-Class: anothergrep.xGRep</pre> | |
| </p> | |
| <h4>Adding Necessary Libraries</h4> | |
| <p>If the project you are developing relies on code from other libraries, | |
| you need to point to those libraries from your project. This is necessary | |
| for your project to compile properly and for the application to be | |
| easily distributable. </p> | |
| <p>You can add libraries to a project through the Libraries node of the | |
| project.</p> | |
| <p>In this example, <tt>xGrep.java</tt> relies on the the new GroupLayout | |
| layout manager classes, which are not currently included in the JDK. | |
| (GroupLayout will be added to JDK 6.) For now, the GroupLayout classes | |
| are available in the Swing Layout Extensions library. The IDE includes the Swing | |
| Layout Extensions library in its Library Manager, so it easy to add to your project. | |
| <p>To add the Swing Layout Extensions library:</p> | |
| <ol> | |
| <li>Right-click the project's Libraries node and choose Add Library.</li> | |
| <li>In the Add Library dialog box, select Swing Layout Extensions and | |
| click Add Library.</li> | |
| <li>Click OK to close the Project Properties dialog box.</li> | |
| </ol> | |
| <p><b>Note:</b> If you find that the Swing Layout Extensions has | |
| already been added to your project, this might be a result of you having opened | |
| the <tt>xGrep.java</tt> file in the IDE. | |
| When you open a file that uses classes from the Swing Layout Extensions | |
| library or when you create an application using the | |
| Matisse GUI Builder, the IDE automatically adds the Swing Layout Extensions | |
| library to the project. | |
| The automatic adding of libraries in this fashion does not work for other libraries.</p> | |
| <p>When you later build the project, the following entry is added to | |
| the application JAR file's manifest: | |
| <pre class="examplecode">Class-Path: lib/swing-layout-1.0.jar</pre> | |
| </p> | |
| <p><b>Note:</b> </p> | |
| <p>You can also add an arbitrary JAR file or folder | |
| (using the Add JAR/Folder command) or | |
| the output of another project (using the Add Project command).</p> | |
| </div> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="indent"> | |
| <h3 class="tutorial"><a name="build">Building the Project and Creating the JAR File</a></h3> | |
| <p>Now that you have your sources ready and your project configured, it is time | |
| to build your project.</p> | |
| <p>To build the project:</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li>Choose Build > Build Main Project.</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <p>When you build your project:</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li><tt>build</tt> and <tt>dist</tt> folders are added to your | |
| project folder (hereafter referred to as the <i>PROJECT_HOME</i> | |
| folder).</li> | |
| <li>All of the sources are compiled into <tt>.class</tt> files, which are | |
| placed into the <tt><i>PROJECT_HOME</i>/build</tt> folder.</li> | |
| <li>A JAR file containing your project is created inside the | |
| <tt><i>PROJECT_HOME</i>/dist</tt> folder.</li> | |
| <li>If you have specified any libraries for the project (in addition to the JDK), | |
| a <tt>lib</tt> folder is created in the <tt>dist</tt> folder. | |
| The libraries are copied into <tt>dist/lib</tt>. | |
| </li> | |
| <li>The manifest file in the JAR is updated to include entries that designate | |
| main class and any libraries that are on the project's classpath.</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <p><b>Note:</b> You can view the contents of the manifest in the IDE's Files window. | |
| After you have built your project, switch to the Files window and navigate to | |
| <tt>dist/AnotherGrep.jar</tt>. Expand the node for the JAR file, expand the | |
| <tt>META-INF</tt> folder, and double-click <tt>MANIFEST.MF</tt> | |
| to display the manifest in the Source Editor. | |
| <pre class="examplecode">Main-Class: anothergrep.xGRep | |
| Class-Path: lib/swing-layout-1.0.jar</pre></p> | |
| <p>(To find more about manifest files, you | |
| can read | |
| <a href="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/deployment/jar/manifestindex.html">this chapter</a> | |
| from the Java Tutorial.) </p> | |
| <h3 class="tutorial">Running the Application Inside of the IDE</h3> | |
| <p>When developing applications in the IDE, typically you will need | |
| to test and refine them before distributing them. You can easily test | |
| an application that you are working on by running the application from | |
| the IDE.</p> | |
| <p>To run the AnotherGrep project in the IDE, right-clicking the | |
| project's node (AnotherGrep) in the Projects window and choose Run Project.</p> | |
| <p>The xGrep window should open. You can click the Browse button to | |
| choose a file in which to search for a text pattern. In the Search Pattern | |
| field, type text or a regular expression pattern that you would like | |
| to match, and click Search. | |
| The results of each match will appear in the xGrep window's Output area. | |
| <p>Information | |
| on regular expressions that you can use in this application are available | |
| <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/grep/manual/html_node/Regular-Expressions.html#Regular-Expressions">here</a> and in | |
| many other places on the World Wide Web.</p> | |
| <h3 class="tutorial">Running the Application Outside of the IDE</h3> | |
| <p>Once you have finished developing the application and before you | |
| distribute it, you will probably want to | |
| make sure that the application also works outside of the IDE.</p> | |
| <p>You can run the application outside of the IDE by following these steps:</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li>In your system's file manager (for example, in the My Computer window on | |
| Windows XP systems), navigate to <tt><i>PROJECT_HOME</i>/dist</tt> and | |
| double-click the <tt>AnotherGrep.jar</tt> file. </li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <p>You will know that the application has started successfully when the xGrep window opens.</p> | |
| <p>If the xGrep window does not open, your system probably does not have a | |
| file association between JAR files and the Java Runtime Environment. | |
| See <a href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting JAR File Associations</a> below.</p> | |
| <h3 class="tutorial">Distributing the Application to Other Users</h3> | |
| <p>Now that you have verified that the application works outside of the IDE, | |
| you are ready to distribute it. | |
| <p>You can distribute the application by following these steps:</p> | |
| <ol> | |
| <li>Create a zip file that contains | |
| the application JAR file (<tt>AnotherGrep.jar</tt>) and the accompanying | |
| <tt>lib</tt> folder that contains <tt>swing-layout-1.0.jar</tt>.</li> | |
| <li>Send the file to the people who will use the application. | |
| Instruct them to unpack the zip file, making sure that | |
| the <tt>AnotherGrep.jar</tt> file and the <tt>lib</tt> folder | |
| are in the same folder. | |
| <p>The users of your application should be able to run it by | |
| double-clicking the JAR file. If this does not work for them, | |
| show them the information in the | |
| <a href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting JAR File Associations</a> | |
| section below.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| </ol> | |
| <h3 class="tutorial"><a name="troubleshooting">Troubleshooting JAR File Associations</a></h3> | |
| <p>On most systems, you can execute an executable JAR file by simply | |
| double-clicking the JAR file. If nothing happens when you double-click the | |
| JAR file, it might be because of either of the following two reasons:</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li>The JAR file type is probably not associated with a Java Runtime Environment | |
| (JRE) on that system. | |
| <p>If the JAR file type is associated with a JRE, | |
| the icon that represents that file should include a Java logo.</p></li> | |
| <li>The JAR file type is associated with the JRE, but the <tt>-jar</tt> | |
| option is not included in the command that is passed to the JRE when you | |
| double-click the icon. | |
| </ul> | |
| <p class="notes"><b>Note:</b> Sometimes JAR file associations are switched by | |
| software that you install, such as software to handle zip files.</p> | |
| <p>To add the JAR file association on Microsoft Windows systems:</p> | |
| <ol> | |
| <li>Make sure that there is a version of the | |
| JRE installed on your system. You should use version 1.4.2 or | |
| later. (If you have the JDK installed, you also get the JRE. | |
| However, if you are distributing the program to a non-programmer, | |
| that person does not necessarily have either the JRE or the JDK.) | |
| <p>On Windows XP, you can check for installed versions of the JRE by choosing | |
| Start > Control Panel > Add or Remove Software.</p> | |
| <p>If there is not a JRE on the system, you can get one from | |
| the <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp">Java SE download site</a>. | |
| <p>If you have a JRE installed on your system but the file association | |
| is not working, continue with the steps below.</p> | |
| </li> | |
| <li>Choose Start > Control Panel.</li> | |
| <li>Double-click Folder Options.</li> | |
| <li>Select the File Types tab.</li> | |
| <li>In the Registered File Types list, select JAR File.</li> | |
| <li>In the Details section of the dialog box, click Change.</li> | |
| <li>In the Open With dialog box, select Java Platform SE Binary.</li> | |
| <li>Click OK to exit the Open With dialog box.</li> | |
| <li>Click Close to exit the Folder Options dialog box.</li> | |
| </ol> | |
| <p>If JAR files are associated with the Java Platform SE Binary on your | |
| system but double-clicking still does not execute the file JAR file, | |
| you might need to specify the <tt>-jar</tt> option in the file association.</p> | |
| <p>To specify the <tt>-jar</tt> option in the file association:</p> | |
| <ol> | |
| <li>Choose Start > Control Panel.</li> | |
| <li>Double-click Folder Options.</li> | |
| <li>Select the File Types tab.</li> | |
| <li>In the Registered File Types list, select JAR File.</li> | |
| <li>In the Details section of the dialog box, click Advanced.</li> | |
| <li>In the Edit File Type dialog box, click Edit.</li> | |
| <li>In the Application Used to Perform Action text field, add the | |
| following at the end of the path to the JRE: | |
| <pre class="examplecode"> -jar "%1" %*</pre> | |
| Afterwards, the field should contain text similar to the following: | |
| <pre class="examplecode">"C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.6.0_14\bin\javaw.exe" -jar "%1" %*</pre> | |
| </li> | |
| <li>Click OK to exit the Editing Action for Type dialog box.</li> | |
| <li>Click OK to exit the Edit File Type dialog box.</li> | |
| <li>Click Close to exit the Folder Options dialog box.</li> | |
| </ol> | |
| <p>For UNIX and Linux systems, the procedure for changing file associations | |
| depends on which desktop environment (such as GNOME or KDE) that | |
| you are using. Look in your desktop environment's preference settings | |
| or consult the documentation for the desktop environment.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <!-- ===================================================================================== --> | |
| <h2><a name="Exercise_2"></a>Optional Exercise: Starting Your Java Application From the Command Line</h2> | |
| <p>The goal of this exercise is to show you some ways that you can | |
| start your application from the command line.</p> | |
| <p>This exercise shows you how you can start a Java application in the | |
| following two ways:</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li>Running the <tt>java</tt> command from the command line.</li> | |
| <li>Using a script to a call a class in the JAR file.</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <div class="indent"> | |
| <h3 class="tutorial">Launching Applications From the Command Line</h3> | |
| <p>You can launch an application from the command line by using the <tt>java</tt> | |
| command. If you want to run an executable JAR file, use the <tt>-jar</tt> | |
| option of the command.</p> | |
| <p>For example, to run the AnotherGrep application, you would take the | |
| following steps:</p> | |
| <ol> | |
| <li>Open a terminal window. On Microsoft Windows systems, you do this by | |
| choosing Start > Run, typing <tt>cmd</tt> in the Open field, and | |
| clicking OK.</li> | |
| <li>Change directories to the <tt><i>PROJECT_HOME</i>/dist</tt> folder | |
| (using the <tt>cd</tt> command).</li> | |
| <li>Type the following line to run the application's main class: | |
| <pre class="examplecode">java -jar AnotherGrep.jar</pre></li> | |
| </ol> | |
| <p>If you follow these steps and the application does not run, you | |
| probably need to do one of the following things:</p> | |
| <ul> | |
| <li>Include the path to the <tt>java</tt> binary in the | |
| third step of the procedure. For example, you would type | |
| something like the following, depending on where your JDK or JRE is | |
| located: | |
| <pre class="examplecode">C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_14\bin\java -jar AnotherGrep.jar</pre> | |
| </li> | |
| <li>Add the Java binaries to your PATH environment variable, so | |
| that you never have to specify the path to the <tt>java</tt> binary from the command line. | |
| See <a href="#path">Setting the PATH Environment Variable</a>.</li> | |
| </ul> | |
| <h3 class="tutorial">Launching Applications From a Script</h3> | |
| <p>If the application that you want to distribute is a console | |
| application, you might find that it is convenient to start the application from a | |
| a script, particularly if the application takes long and complex arguments to run. | |
| In this section, you will use a console version of the Grep program, | |
| where you need to pass the arguments (search pattern and file list) | |
| to the JAR file, which will be invoked in our script. To reduce typing | |
| at the command line, you will use a | |
| simple script suitable to run the test application.</p> | |
| <p>First you need to change the main class in the application to be the | |
| console version of the class and rebuild the JAR file:</p> | |
| <ol> | |
| <li>In the IDE's Projects window, right-click the project node (AnotherGrep) | |
| and choose Properties.</li> | |
| <li>Select the Run node and change the Main Class property to | |
| <tt>anothergrep.Grep</tt> (from <tt>anothergrep.xGrep</tt>). | |
| Click OK to close the Project Properties window.</li> | |
| <li>Right-click the project's node again and choose Clean and Build | |
| Project.</li> | |
| </ol> | |
| <p>After completing these steps, the JAR file is rebuilt, and the | |
| <tt>Main-Class</tt> attribute of the JAR file's manifest is changed to | |
| point to <tt>anothergrep.Grep</tt>. | |
| <div class="indent"> | |
| <h4><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/bash.html">BASH</a> script -- for UNIX and Linux machines</h4> | |
| <p> | |
| Inside <tt><i>PROJECT_HOME</i></tt>, there is a <tt>grep.sh</tt> bash script. Have a look at it: | |
| <pre class="examplecode">#!/bin/bash | |
| java -jar dist/AnotherGrep.jar $@</pre> | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| The first line states which shell should be used to interpret this. The second one executes your JAR file, created | |
| by the IDE inside <tt><i>PROJECT_HOME</i>/dist</tt> folder. <tt>$@</tt> just copies all given arguments, | |
| enclosing each inside quotes. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| This script presumes that the Java binaries are part of your PATH environment variable. | |
| If the script does not work for you, see <a href="#path">Setting the PATH Environment Variable</a>. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| More about bash scripting can be found <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html">here</a>. | |
| </p> | |
| <h4>.bat script for Windows machines</h4> | |
| <p> | |
| On Microsoft Windows systems, you can only pass nine arguments | |
| at once to a batch file. If there were more than | |
| nine arguments, you would need to execute | |
| the JAR file multiple times. | |
| </p> | |
| <p>A script handling this might look like the following: | |
| <pre class="examplecode"> | |
| @echo off | |
| set jarpath="dist/AnotherGrep.jar" | |
| set pattern="%1" | |
| shift | |
| :loop | |
| if "%1" == "" goto :allprocessed | |
| set files=%1 %2 %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9 | |
| java -jar %jarpath% %pattern% %files% | |
| for %%i in (0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) do shift | |
| goto :loop | |
| :allprocessed | |
| </pre> | |
| This script is included inside <tt><i>PROJECT_HOME</i></tt> as <tt>grep.bat</tt> so you can try it out. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| The nine arguments are represented inside the batch file by <tt>%<ARG_NUMBER></tt>, where <tt><ARG_NUMBER></tt> has to be inside | |
| <tt><0-9></tt>. <tt>%0</tt> is reserved for the script name. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| You can see that only nine arguments are passed to the program at a time (in one loop). The <tt>for</tt> statement | |
| just shifts the arguments by nine, to prepare it for next loop. Once an empty file argument is detected by the | |
| <tt>if</tt> statement (there are no further files to process), the loop is ended. | |
| </p> | |
| <p> | |
| More about batch scripting can be found on | |
| <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/resources/documentation/windows/xp/all/proddocs/en-us/batch.mspx">this page</a>. | |
| </p> | |
| </div> | |
| <h3 class="tutorial"><a name="path">Setting the PATH Environment Variable</a></h3> | |
| <p>If you can not run a Java class or JAR file on your system without | |
| pointing to the location of the JDK or JRE on your system, you | |
| might need to modify the value of your system's <tt>PATH</tt> variable.</p> | |
| <p>If you are running on a Microsoft Windows system, the procedure for | |
| setting the PATH variable depends the version of Windows you are using.</p> | |
| <p>The following are the steps for setting the <tt>PATH</tt> variable | |
| on a Windows XP system:</p> | |
| <ol> | |
| <li>Choose Start > Control Panel and double-click System.</li> | |
| <li>In the System Properties dialog box, click the Advanced tab.</li> | |
| <li>Click the Environment Variables tab.</li> | |
| <li>In the list of user variables, select <tt>PATH</tt> | |
| and click Edit.</li> | |
| <li>Add the location of the JRE to the end of the list of paths. The | |
| locations in this list are separated by semicolons (;). | |
| <p>For example, if your JRE is located at | |
| <pre class="examplecode">C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_14</pre> | |
| you would add the following to the end of the PATH variable: | |
| <pre class="examplecode">C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_14\bin</pre> | |
| </li> | |
| <li>Click OK to exit the Environment Variables dialog box, and click OK | |
| to exit the System Properties dialog box.</li> | |
| </ol> | |
| <p>If you are running on a UNIX or Linux system, the instructions for modifying your PATH | |
| variable depends on the shell program you are using. Consult the | |
| documentation of the shell that you are using for more information.</p> | |
| </div> | |
| <!-- ======================================================================================== --> | |
| <h2><a name="nextsteps"></a>Next Steps</h2> | |
| <p>For more information on working with NetBeans IDE, see the <a href="https://netbeans.org/kb">Support | |
| and Docs page</a> on the NetBeans website.</p> | |
| <p>To send comments and suggestions, get support, and keep informed on the latest | |
| developments on the NetBeans IDE development features, join the <a href="mailto:nbusers@netbeans.org">nbusers@netbeans.org</a> | |
| mailing list. </p> | |
| <p>You also might want to consider using | |
| <a href="http://java.sun.com/products/javawebstart/">Java Web Start technology</a>, | |
| which enables users to click once to download and run a client-side application.</p> | |
| </body> | |
| </html> |