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| <h2 id="bluetooth-mesh">Bluetooth Mesh</h2> |
| <h3 id="introduction-to-mesh">Introduction to Mesh</h3> |
| <p>Bluetooth Mesh is a new standard from Bluetooth SIG that was released in 2017. It |
| enables many-to-many device communication (as opposed to point-to-point approach |
| in BLE) and is optimised for large-scale networks like building automation or |
| sensors network. It utilizes managed flood based approach where only |
| mains-powered nodes relay messages making it very power efficient (battery |
| powered low-power nodes that don't relay messages can operate in mesh network |
| for years).</p> |
| <p>Bluetooth Mesh is complementary to Bluetooth specification and requires |
| features from 4.0 release only. This allows deployment of networks using hardware |
| already available on the market. </p> |
| <h3 id="topology">Topology</h3> |
| <p><img alt="picture alt" src="../mesh_topology.jpg" title="Bluetooth Mesh Topology (source: Mesh Profile Specification 1.0)" /></p> |
| <p><br> |
| <br></p> |
| <p>Bluetooth Mesh defines few features (roles) for devices in network. Those are:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>Relay - receive and retransmit mesh messages over the advertising bearer to |
| enable larger networks</li> |
| <li>Proxy - receive and retransmit mesh messages between GATT and advertising |
| bearers.</li> |
| <li>Low Power - operate within a mesh network at significantly reduced receiver |
| duty cycles only in conjunction with a node supporting the Friend feature</li> |
| <li>Friend - the ability to help a node supporting the Low Power feature to |
| operate by storing messages destined for those nodes </li> |
| </ul> |
| <h3 id="bearers">Bearers</h3> |
| <p>Mesh Profile specification allows two kinds of bearers for transmitting data:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>Advertising Bearer<ul> |
| <li>Uses LE advertising to broadcast messages to all nodes that are listening |
| at this time</li> |
| <li>Uses non-connectable advertising only</li> |
| <li>29 octets of network message</li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li>GATT Bearer<ul> |
| <li>Uses LE Connections to send messages</li> |
| <li>Uses standard GATT service (one for Provisioning and one for Proxy)</li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| <h3 id="provisioning">Provisioning</h3> |
| <p>Provisioning is a process of adding an unprovisioned device to a mesh network |
| managed by a Provisioner. A Provisioner provides the unprovisioned device with |
| provisioning data that allows it to become a mesh node (network key, current IV |
| index and unicast address). A Provisioner is typically a smart phone or other |
| mobile computing device.</p> |
| <h3 id="models">Models</h3> |
| <p>Models define basic functionality of nodes on a mesh network. Mesh Profile |
| Specification defines foundation models used to configure and manage network. |
| Mesh Model Specification includes models defininig functionality that is |
| standard across device types. Those consists of:</p> |
| <ul> |
| <li>Generics - root models<ul> |
| <li>On/Off</li> |
| <li>Level</li> |
| <li>Battery Server</li> |
| <li>Location</li> |
| <li>Client Property</li> |
| <li>and others</li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li>Sensors - defines a standard way of interfacing with sensors</li> |
| <li>Time and Scenes - defines a set of functionalities related to time and |
| saved states on devices </li> |
| <li>Lighting - defines a set functionalities related to lighting control</li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>Complex models e.g. Lighting may contain other models eg Generic On/Off. The following |
| image shows an example of Light Lightness Server Model.</p> |
| <p><img alt="picture alt" src="../mesh_lightning_model.jpg" title="Light Lightness Server model (source: Mesh Model Specification 1.0)" /></p> |
| <h2 id="mesh-node-features-supported-by-apache-mynewt">Mesh Node features supported by Apache Mynewt</h2> |
| <ul> |
| <li>Advertising and GATT bearers</li> |
| <li>PB-GATT and PB-ADV provisioning</li> |
| <li>Foundation Models (server role)</li> |
| <li>Relay support</li> |
| <li>GATT Proxy</li> |
| </ul> |
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