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| <div class="section" id="system-initialization-and-system-shutdown"> |
| <h1>System Initialization and System Shutdown<a class="headerlink" href="#system-initialization-and-system-shutdown" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> |
| <div class="toctree-wrapper compound"> |
| </div> |
| <p>Mynewt allows a package to designate startup and shutdown functions. |
| These functions are called automatically by the OS using facilities |
| called <em>sysinit</em> and <em>sysdown</em>.</p> |
| <p>This guide:</p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p>Assumes you have read the |
| <a class="reference internal" href="../../../concepts.html#concepts"><span class="std std-ref">Concepts</span></a> section that describes |
| the Mynewt package hierarchy and its use of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg.yml</span></code> and |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">syscfg.yml</span></code> files.</p></li> |
| <li><p>Assumes you have read the Mynewt <a class="reference internal" href="../../../newt/newt_operation.html"><span class="doc">Theory of Operations</span></a> and are familiar with how newt |
| determines package dependencies for your target build.</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| <div class="contents local topic" id="contents"> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#system-initialization" id="id1">System Initialization</a></p> |
| <ul> |
| <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#specifying-package-initialization-functions" id="id2">Specifying Package Initialization Functions</a></p></li> |
| <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#generated-sysinit-app-function" id="id3">Generated sysinit_app() Function</a></p></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#system-shutdown" id="id4">System Shutdown</a></p></li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="system-initialization"> |
| <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id1">System Initialization</a><a class="headerlink" href="#system-initialization" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> |
| <p>During system startup, Mynewt creates a default event queue and a main |
| task to process events from this queue. You can override the |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OS_MAIN_TASK_PRIO</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OS_MAIN_TASK_STACK_SIZE</span></code> setting values |
| defined by the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">kernel/os</span></code> package to specify different task priority |
| and stack size values.</p> |
| <p>Your application’s <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">main()</span></code> function executes in the context of the |
| main task and must perform the following:</p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p>At the start of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">main()</span></code>, call the Mynewt <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysinit()</span></code> function to |
| initialize the packages before performing any other processing.</p></li> |
| <li><p>At the end of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">main()</span></code>, wait for and dispatch events from the |
| default event queue in an infinite loop.</p></li> |
| </ul> |
| <p><strong>Note:</strong> You must include the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysinit/sysinit.h</span></code> header file to |
| access the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysinit()</span></code> function.</p> |
| <p>Here is an example of a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">main()</span></code> function:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-cpp notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kt">int</span> |
| <span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argc</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* First, call sysinit() to perform the system and package initialization */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">sysinit</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* ... other application initialization processing ... */</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Last, process events from the default event queue. */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">os_eventq_run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">os_eventq_dflt_get</span><span class="p">());</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* main never returns */</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="specifying-package-initialization-functions"> |
| <h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2">Specifying Package Initialization Functions</a><a class="headerlink" href="#specifying-package-initialization-functions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> |
| <p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysinit()</span></code> function calls the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysinit_app()</span></code> function to |
| perform system initialization for the packages in the target. You can, |
| optionally, specify one or more package initialization functions that |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysinit_app()</span></code> calls to initialize a package.</p> |
| <p>A package initialization function must have the following prototype:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-cpp notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init_func_name</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>Sysinit functions are not expected to fail. If a sysinit function |
| encounters an unrecoverable failure, it should invoke one of the |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SYSINIT_PANIC</span></code> macros. By default, these macros trigger a crash, |
| but the behavior can be overridden by configuring the panic function |
| with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysinit_panic_set()</span></code>.</p> |
| <p>Package initialization functions are called in stages to ensure that |
| lower priority packages are initialized before higher priority packages. |
| A stage is an integer value, 0 or higher, that specifies when an |
| initialization function is called. Mynewt calls the package |
| initialization functions in increasing stage number order. When |
| multiple init functions have the same stage number, they are called in |
| lexicographic order (by function name).</p> |
| <p>You use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg.init</span></code> parameter in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg.yml</span></code> file to specify an |
| initialization function and the stage number to call the function. You |
| can specify multiple initialization functions with a different stage |
| number for each function for the parameter values. This feature allows |
| packages with interdependencies to perform initialization in multiple |
| stages.</p> |
| <p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg.init</span></code> parameter has the following syntax in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg.yml</span></code> |
| file:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">pkg.init</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">pkg_init_func1_name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">pkg_init_func1_stage</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">pkg_init_func2_name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">pkg_init_func2_stage</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">...</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">pkg_init_funcN_name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">pkg_init_funcN_stage</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>where <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg_init_func#_name</span></code> is the C function name of an |
| initialization function, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg_init_func#_stage</span></code> is an integer |
| value, 0 or higher, that indicates the stage when the |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg_init_func#_name</span></code> function is called.</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="generated-sysinit-app-function"> |
| <h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Generated sysinit_app() Function</a><a class="headerlink" href="#generated-sysinit-app-function" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> |
| <p>The newt tool processes the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg.init</span></code> parameters in all the |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg.yml</span></code> files for a target, generates the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysinit_app()</span></code> function |
| in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><target-path>/generated/src/<target-name>-sysinit_app.c</span></code> file, |
| and includes the file in the build. Here is an example <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysinit_app()</span></code> |
| function:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-cpp notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="cm">/**</span> |
| <span class="cm"> * This file was generated by Apache Newt (incubating) version: 1.0.0-dev</span> |
| <span class="cm"> */</span> |
| |
| <span class="cp">#if !SPLIT_LOADER</span> |
| |
| <span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">split_app_init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">os_pkg_init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">imgmgr_module_init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| |
| <span class="cm">/* ... */</span> |
| |
| <span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">stats_module_init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| |
| <span class="kt">void</span> |
| <span class="nf">sysinit_app</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/*** Stage 0 */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 0.0: kernel/os */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">os_pkg_init</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/*** Stage 2 */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 2.0: sys/flash_map */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">flash_map_init</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/*** Stage 10 */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 10.0: sys/stats/full */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">stats_module_init</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/*** Stage 20 */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 20.0: sys/console/full */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">console_pkg_init</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/*** Stage 100 */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 100.0: sys/log/full */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">log_init</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 100.1: sys/mfg */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">mfg_init</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* ... */</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/*** Stage 300 */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 300.0: sys/config */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">config_pkg_init</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/*** Stage 500 */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 500.0: sys/id */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">id_init</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 500.1: sys/shell */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">shell_init</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* ... */</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 500.4: mgmt/imgmgr */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">imgmgr_module_init</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/*** Stage 501 */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* 501.0: mgmt/newtmgr/transport/nmgr_shell */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">nmgr_shell_pkg_init</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="cp">#endif</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="section" id="system-shutdown"> |
| <h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">System Shutdown</a><a class="headerlink" href="#system-shutdown" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> |
| <p>A Mynewt package can specify a sequence of system shutdown (“sysdown”) |
| function calls. As with sysinit, a stage number is associated with |
| each function. On shutdown, sysdown functions are executed in |
| ascending order of stage number. In the case of a tie, functions are |
| executed in lexicographic order (by function name).</p> |
| <p>The sysdown procedure is only performed for a controlled |
| shutdown. It is executed when the system processes a newtmgr |
| “reset” command, for example. It is not be executed when the system |
| crashes, browns out, or restarts due to the hardware watchdog.</p> |
| <p>Sysdown functions are specified in a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg.yml</span></code> file using the |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg.down</span></code> key. They use the following function type:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-cpp notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">reason</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">reason</span></code> parameter is currently unused and should be ignored.</p> |
| <p>Each shutdown callback returns one of the following codes:</p> |
| <ul class="simple"> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SYSDOWN_COMPLETE</span></code></p></li> |
| <li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SYSDOWN_IN_PROGRESS</span></code></p></li> |
| </ul> |
| <p>If a sysdown function is able to complete its work synchronously, it |
| should return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SYSDOWN_COMPLETE</span></code>.</p> |
| <p>The “in progress” case is a bit more complicated. Sysdown functions |
| should not block on the current task (e.g., they should not tell the |
| default task to do something and then wait for the result). Blocking |
| like this will result in a deadlock since the current task is waiting |
| for the sysdown function to complete.</p> |
| <p>Instead, if a sysdown function needs to do extra work in the current |
| task, it should do so asynchronously. That is, it should enqueue an |
| event to the task’s event queue, then return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SYSDOWN_IN_PROGRESS</span></code>. |
| When the sysdown procedure eventually completes, the task should call |
| <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysdown_release</span></code>.</p> |
| <p>When all sysdown procedures have completed, Mynewt proceeds to reset |
| the device. If it takes longer than <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">MYNEWT_VAL(SYSDOWN_TIMEOUT_MS)</span></code> |
| milliseconds (default: 10s) for all shutdown procedures to complete, a |
| crash is triggered and the device resets.</p> |
| <p>As an example, the NimBLE BLE host package configures a sysdown |
| function that terminates all open connections. Its <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg.yml</span></code> |
| contains the following map:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-yaml notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">pkg.down</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ble_hs_shutdown</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">200</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ble_hs_shutdown</span></code> is defined as follows:</p> |
| <div class="highlight-cpp notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kt">int</span> |
| <span class="nf">ble_hs_shutdown</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">reason</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rc</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Ensure this function only gets called by sysdown. */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SYSDOWN_ASSERT_ACTIVE</span><span class="p">();</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Initiate a host stop procedure. */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rc</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ble_hs_stop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">ble_hs_shutdown_stop_listener</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ble_hs_shutdown_stop_cb</span><span class="p">,</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">switch</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rc</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">case</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Stop initiated. Wait for result to be reported asynchronously. */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SYSDOWN_IN_PROGRESS</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">case</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">BLE_HS_EBUSY</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Already stopping. Wait for result to be reported asynchronously. */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SYSDOWN_IN_PROGRESS</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">case</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="no">BLE_HS_EALREADY</span><span class="p">:</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Already stopped. Shutdown complete. */</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SYSDOWN_COMPLETE</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">default</span><span class="o">:</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BLE_HS_LOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ERROR</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"ble_hs_shutdown: failed to stop host; rc=%d</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">rc</span><span class="p">);</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">SYSDOWN_COMPLETE</span><span class="p">;</span> |
| <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="p">}</span> |
| </pre></div> |
| </div> |
| <p>In the cases where this function returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SYSDOWN_IN_PROGRESS</span></code>, the |
| host eventually calls <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sysdown_release</span></code> when the procedure completes.</p> |
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