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| <h1 id="kvstore-api">KVStore API</h1> |
| |
| <p>Topics: |
| * <a href="#basic-push-and-pull">Basic Push and Pull</a> |
| * <a href="#list-key-value-pairs">List Key-Value Pairs</a></p> |
| |
| <h2 id="basic-push-and-pull">Basic Push and Pull</h2> |
| |
| <p>Provides basic operation over multiple devices (GPUs) on a single device.</p> |
| |
| <h3 id="initialization">Initialization</h3> |
| |
| <p>Let's consider a simple example. It initializes |
| a (int, NDArray) pair into the store, and then pulls the value out.</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-perl" data-lang="perl"><span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">create</span><span class="p">('</span><span class="s1">local</span><span class="p">')</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$shape</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">ones</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$a</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">zeros</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">pull</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">out</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$a</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="nv">$a</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">aspdl</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">]</span> |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <h3 id="push-aggregation-and-updater">Push, Aggregation, and Updater</h3> |
| |
| <p>For any key that's been initialized, you can push a new value with the same shape to the key, as follows:</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-perl" data-lang="perl"><span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nb">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">ones</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$a</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">zeros</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">pull</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">out</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$a</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="nv">$a</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">aspdl</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">8</span> <span class="mi">8</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">8</span> <span class="mi">8</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">]</span> |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p>The data that you want to push can be stored on any device. Furthermore, you can push multiple |
| values into the same key, where KVStore first sums all of these |
| values, and then you pull the aggregated value, as follows:</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-perl" data-lang="perl"><span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nb">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">ones</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">ctx</span><span class="o">=></span><span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">cpu</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)),</span> <span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">ones</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">ctx</span><span class="o">=></span><span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">cpu</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))])</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">pull</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">out</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$a</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="nv">$a</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">aspdl</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">]</span> |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <p>For each push command, KVStore applies the pushed value to the value stored by an |
| <code>updater</code>. The default updater is <code>ASSIGN</code>. You can replace the default to |
| control how data is merged.</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-perl" data-lang="perl"><span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$updater</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">sub </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="k">my</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$input</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">$stored</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nv">@_</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="p">"</span><span class="s2">update on key: </span><span class="si">$key</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="p">";</span> <span class="nv">$stored</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="nv">$input</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">_set_updater</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$updater</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nb">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">ones</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">ctx</span><span class="o">=></span><span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">cpu</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)),</span> <span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">ones</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">ctx</span><span class="o">=></span><span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">cpu</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))])</span> |
| <span class="nv">update</span> <span class="nv">on</span> <span class="nv">key:</span> <span class="mi">3</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">pull</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">out</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$a</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="nv">$a</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">aspdl</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">8</span> <span class="mi">8</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">8</span> <span class="mi">8</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">]</span> |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <h3 id="pull">Pull</h3> |
| |
| <p>You've already seen how to pull a single key-value pair. Similar to the way that you use the push command, you can |
| pull the value into several devices with a single call.</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-perl" data-lang="perl"><span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">zeros</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">ctx</span><span class="o">=></span><span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">cpu</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)),</span> <span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">zeros</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">ctx</span><span class="o">=></span><span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">cpu</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))]</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">pull</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">out</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$b</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="nv">$b</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">aspdl</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">8</span> <span class="mi">8</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">8</span> <span class="mi">8</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">]</span> |
| </code></pre></div> |
| <h2 id="list-key-value-pairs">List Key-Value Pairs</h2> |
| |
| <p>All of the operations that we've discussed so far are performed on a single key. KVStore also provides |
| the interface for generating a list of key-value pairs. For a single device, use the following:</p> |
| <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-perl" data-lang="perl"><span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$keys</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">7</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">9</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$keys</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">map</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">ones</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="nv">@$keys</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nb">push</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$keys</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">map</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">ones</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="nv">@$keys</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span> |
| <span class="nv">update</span> <span class="nv">on</span> <span class="nv">key:</span> <span class="mi">5</span> |
| <span class="nv">update</span> <span class="nv">on</span> <span class="nv">key:</span> <span class="mi">7</span> |
| <span class="nv">update</span> <span class="nv">on</span> <span class="nv">key:</span> <span class="mi">9</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">map</span> <span class="p">{</span> <span class="nv">mx</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">nd</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">ones</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$shape</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="p">}</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="o">..</span><span class="nv">@$keys</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="nv">$kv</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">pull</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$keys</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nv">out</span> <span class="o">=></span> <span class="nv">$b</span><span class="p">)</span> |
| <span class="nv">pdl</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="k">print</span> <span class="nv">$b</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="nv">aspdl</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="mi">4</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="mi">4</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">]</span> |
| <span class="p">]</span> |
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