blob: 95b3d5cd098611941ec842d5fc1293bca42f80a0 [file] [log] [blame]
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
<meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">
<style>
.dropdown {
position: relative;
display: inline-block;
}
.dropdown-content {
display: none;
position: absolute;
background-color: #f9f9f9;
min-width: 160px;
box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
padding: 12px 16px;
z-index: 1;
text-align: left;
}
.dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {
display: block;
}
.dropdown-option:hover {
color: #FF4500;
}
.dropdown-option-active {
color: #FF4500;
font-weight: lighter;
}
.dropdown-option {
color: #000000;
font-weight: lighter;
}
.dropdown-header {
color: #FFFFFF;
display: inline-flex;
}
.dropdown-caret {
width: 18px;
height: 54px;
}
.dropdown-caret-path {
fill: #FFFFFF;
}
</style>
<title>Image Augmentation &#8212; Apache MXNet documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../_static/basic.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../../_static/mxnet.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../_static/material-design-lite-1.3.0/material.blue-deep_orange.min.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../_static/sphinx_materialdesign_theme.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../_static/fontawesome/all.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../_static/fonts.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../_static/feedback.css" type="text/css" />
<script id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../../../../" src="../../../../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
<script src="../../../../_static/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="../../../../_static/underscore.js"></script>
<script src="../../../../_static/doctools.js"></script>
<script src="../../../../_static/language_data.js"></script>
<script src="../../../../_static/matomo_analytics.js"></script>
<script src="../../../../_static/autodoc.js"></script>
<script crossorigin="anonymous" integrity="sha256-Ae2Vz/4ePdIu6ZyI/5ZGsYnb+m0JlOmKPjt6XZ9JJkA=" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/require.js/2.3.4/require.min.js"></script>
<script async="async" src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/latest.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
<script type="text/x-mathjax-config">MathJax.Hub.Config({"tex2jax": {"inlineMath": [["$", "$"], ["\\(", "\\)"]], "processEscapes": true, "ignoreClass": "document", "processClass": "math|output_area"}})</script>
<script src="../../../../_static/sphinx_materialdesign_theme.js"></script>
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../../../../_static/mxnet-icon.png"/>
<link rel="index" title="Index" href="../../../../genindex.html" />
<link rel="search" title="Search" href="../../../../search.html" />
<link rel="next" title="Gluon Datasets and DataLoader" href="datasets.html" />
<link rel="prev" title="Data Tutorials" href="index.html" />
</head>
<body><header class="site-header" role="banner">
<div class="wrapper">
<a class="site-title" rel="author" href="/"><img
src="../../../../_static/mxnet_logo.png" class="site-header-logo"></a>
<nav class="site-nav">
<input type="checkbox" id="nav-trigger" class="nav-trigger"/>
<label for="nav-trigger">
<span class="menu-icon">
<svg viewBox="0 0 18 15" width="18px" height="15px">
<path d="M18,1.484c0,0.82-0.665,1.484-1.484,1.484H1.484C0.665,2.969,0,2.304,0,1.484l0,0C0,0.665,0.665,0,1.484,0 h15.032C17.335,0,18,0.665,18,1.484L18,1.484z M18,7.516C18,8.335,17.335,9,16.516,9H1.484C0.665,9,0,8.335,0,7.516l0,0 c0-0.82,0.665-1.484,1.484-1.484h15.032C17.335,6.031,18,6.696,18,7.516L18,7.516z M18,13.516C18,14.335,17.335,15,16.516,15H1.484 C0.665,15,0,14.335,0,13.516l0,0c0-0.82,0.665-1.483,1.484-1.483h15.032C17.335,12.031,18,12.695,18,13.516L18,13.516z"/>
</svg>
</span>
</label>
<div class="trigger">
<a class="page-link" href="/get_started">Get Started</a>
<a class="page-link" href="/features">Features</a>
<a class="page-link" href="/ecosystem">Ecosystem</a>
<a class="page-link page-current" href="/api">Docs & Tutorials</a>
<a class="page-link" href="/trusted_by">Trusted By</a>
<a class="page-link" href="https://github.com/apache/mxnet">GitHub</a>
<div class="dropdown" style="min-width:100px">
<span class="dropdown-header">Apache
<svg class="dropdown-caret" viewBox="0 0 32 32" class="icon icon-caret-bottom" aria-hidden="true"><path class="dropdown-caret-path" d="M24 11.305l-7.997 11.39L8 11.305z"></path></svg>
</span>
<div class="dropdown-content" style="min-width:250px">
<a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/">Apache Software Foundation</a>
<a href="https://incubator.apache.org/">Apache Incubator</a>
<a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/">License</a>
<a href="/versions/1.9.1/api/faq/security.html">Security</a>
<a href="https://privacy.apache.org/policies/privacy-policy-public.html">Privacy</a>
<a href="https://www.apache.org/events/current-event">Events</a>
<a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html">Sponsorship</a>
<a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html">Thanks</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="dropdown">
<span class="dropdown-header">master
<svg class="dropdown-caret" viewBox="0 0 32 32" class="icon icon-caret-bottom" aria-hidden="true"><path class="dropdown-caret-path" d="M24 11.305l-7.997 11.39L8 11.305z"></path></svg>
</span>
<div class="dropdown-content">
<a class="dropdown-option-active" href="/versions/master/">master</a><br>
<a class="dropdown-option" href="/versions/1.9.1/">1.9.1</a><br>
<a class="dropdown-option" href="/versions/1.8.0/">1.8.0</a><br>
<a class="dropdown-option" href="/versions/1.7.0/">1.7.0</a><br>
<a class="dropdown-option" href="/versions/1.6.0/">1.6.0</a><br>
<a class="dropdown-option" href="/versions/1.5.0/">1.5.0</a><br>
<a class="dropdown-option" href="/versions/1.4.1/">1.4.1</a><br>
<a class="dropdown-option" href="/versions/1.3.1/">1.3.1</a><br>
<a class="dropdown-option" href="/versions/1.2.1/">1.2.1</a><br>
<a class="dropdown-option" href="/versions/1.1.0/">1.1.0</a><br>
<a class="dropdown-option" href="/versions/1.0.0/">1.0.0</a><br>
<a class="dropdown-option" href="/versions/0.12.1/">0.12.1</a><br>
<a class="dropdown-option" href="/versions/0.11.0/">0.11.0</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</nav>
</div>
</header>
<div class="mdl-layout mdl-js-layout mdl-layout--fixed-header mdl-layout--fixed-drawer"><header class="mdl-layout__header mdl-layout__header--waterfall ">
<div class="mdl-layout__header-row">
<nav class="mdl-navigation breadcrumb">
<a class="mdl-navigation__link" href="../../../index.html">Python Tutorials</a><i class="material-icons">navigate_next</i>
<a class="mdl-navigation__link" href="../../index.html">Packages</a><i class="material-icons">navigate_next</i>
<a class="mdl-navigation__link" href="../index.html">Gluon</a><i class="material-icons">navigate_next</i>
<a class="mdl-navigation__link" href="index.html">Data Tutorials</a><i class="material-icons">navigate_next</i>
<a class="mdl-navigation__link is-active">Image Augmentation</a>
</nav>
<div class="mdl-layout-spacer"></div>
<nav class="mdl-navigation">
<form class="form-inline pull-sm-right" action="../../../../search.html" method="get">
<div class="mdl-textfield mdl-js-textfield mdl-textfield--expandable mdl-textfield--floating-label mdl-textfield--align-right">
<label id="quick-search-icon" class="mdl-button mdl-js-button mdl-button--icon" for="waterfall-exp">
<i class="material-icons">search</i>
</label>
<div class="mdl-textfield__expandable-holder">
<input class="mdl-textfield__input" type="text" name="q" id="waterfall-exp" placeholder="Search" />
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="mdl-tooltip" data-mdl-for="quick-search-icon">
Quick search
</div>
</form>
<a id="button-show-github"
href="https://github.com/apache/mxnet/edit/master/docs/python_docs/python/tutorials/packages/gluon/data/data_augmentation.ipynb" class="mdl-button mdl-js-button mdl-button--icon">
<i class="material-icons">edit</i>
</a>
<div class="mdl-tooltip" data-mdl-for="button-show-github">
Edit on Github
</div>
</nav>
</div>
<div class="mdl-layout__header-row header-links">
<div class="mdl-layout-spacer"></div>
<nav class="mdl-navigation">
</nav>
</div>
</header><header class="mdl-layout__drawer">
<div class="globaltoc">
<span class="mdl-layout-title toc">Table Of Contents</span>
<nav class="mdl-navigation">
<ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../index.html">Python Tutorials</a><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/index.html">Getting Started</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/index.html">Crash Course</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/0-introduction.html">Introduction</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/1-nparray.html">Step 1: Manipulate data with NP on MXNet</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/2-create-nn.html">Step 2: Create a neural network</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/3-autograd.html">Step 3: Automatic differentiation with autograd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/4-components.html">Step 4: Necessary components that are not in the network</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/5-datasets.html">Step 5: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Dataset</span></code>s and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DataLoader</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/5-datasets.html#Using-own-data-with-included-Datasets">Using own data with included <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Dataset</span></code>s</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/5-datasets.html#Using-your-own-data-with-custom-Datasets">Using your own data with custom <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Dataset</span></code>s</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/5-datasets.html#New-in-MXNet-2.0:-faster-C++-backend-dataloaders">New in MXNet 2.0: faster C++ backend dataloaders</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/6-train-nn.html">Step 6: Train a Neural Network</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/7-use-gpus.html">Step 7: Load and Run a NN using GPU</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/to-mxnet/index.html">Moving to MXNet from Other Frameworks</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/to-mxnet/pytorch.html">PyTorch vs Apache MXNet</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/gluon_from_experiment_to_deployment.html">Gluon: from experiment to deployment</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/gluon_migration_guide.html">Gluon2.0: Migration Guide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/logistic_regression_explained.html">Logistic regression explained</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/python/docs/tutorials/packages/gluon/image/mnist.html">MNIST</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="reference internal" href="../../index.html">Packages</a><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../autograd/index.html">Automatic Differentiation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3 current"><a class="reference internal" href="../index.html">Gluon</a><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/index.html">Blocks</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/custom-layer.html">Custom Layers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/hybridize.html">Hybridize</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/init.html">Initialization</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/naming.html">Parameter and Block Naming</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/nn.html">Layers and Blocks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/parameters.html">Parameter Management</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/save_load_params.html">Saving and Loading Gluon Models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/activations/activations.html">Activation Blocks</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4 current"><a class="reference internal" href="index.html">Data Tutorials</a><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l5 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Image Augmentation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="datasets.html">Gluon <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Dataset</span></code>s and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DataLoader</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="datasets.html#Using-own-data-with-included-Datasets">Using own data with included <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Dataset</span></code>s</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="datasets.html#Using-own-data-with-custom-Datasets">Using own data with custom <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Dataset</span></code>s</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="datasets.html#Appendix:-Upgrading-from-Module-DataIter-to-Gluon-DataLoader">Appendix: Upgrading from Module <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DataIter</span></code> to Gluon <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DataLoader</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../image/index.html">Image Tutorials</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../image/info_gan.html">Image similarity search with InfoGAN</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../image/mnist.html">Handwritten Digit Recognition</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../loss/index.html">Losses</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../loss/custom-loss.html">Custom Loss Blocks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../loss/kl_divergence.html">Kullback-Leibler (KL) Divergence</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../loss/loss.html">Loss functions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../text/index.html">Text Tutorials</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../text/gnmt.html">Google Neural Machine Translation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../text/transformer.html">Machine Translation with Transformer</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/index.html">Training</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/fit_api_tutorial.html">MXNet Gluon Fit API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/trainer.html">Trainer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/learning_rates/index.html">Learning Rates</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/learning_rates/learning_rate_finder.html">Learning Rate Finder</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/learning_rates/learning_rate_schedules.html">Learning Rate Schedules</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/learning_rates/learning_rate_schedules_advanced.html">Advanced Learning Rate Schedules</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/normalization/index.html">Normalization Blocks</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../kvstore/index.html">KVStore</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../kvstore/kvstore.html">Distributed Key-Value Store</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/index.html">Legacy</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/index.html">NDArray</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/01-ndarray-intro.html">An Intro: Manipulate Data the MXNet Way with NDArray</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/02-ndarray-operations.html">NDArray Operations</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/03-ndarray-contexts.html">NDArray Contexts</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/gotchas_numpy_in_mxnet.html">Gotchas using NumPy in Apache MXNet</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/sparse/index.html">Tutorials</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/sparse/csr.html">CSRNDArray - NDArray in Compressed Sparse Row Storage Format</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/sparse/row_sparse.html">RowSparseNDArray - NDArray for Sparse Gradient Updates</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../np/index.html">What is NP on MXNet</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../np/cheat-sheet.html">The NP on MXNet cheat sheet</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../np/np-vs-numpy.html">Differences between NP on MXNet and NumPy</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../onnx/index.html">ONNX</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../onnx/fine_tuning_gluon.html">Fine-tuning an ONNX model</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../onnx/inference_on_onnx_model.html">Running inference on MXNet/Gluon from an ONNX model</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/python/docs/tutorials/deploy/export/onnx.html">Export ONNX Models</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../optimizer/index.html">Optimizers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../viz/index.html">Visualization</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/faq/visualize_graph">Visualize networks</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/index.html">Performance</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/compression/index.html">Compression</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/compression/int8.html">Deploy with int-8</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/faq/float16">Float16</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/faq/gradient_compression">Gradient Compression</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://gluon-cv.mxnet.io/build/examples_deployment/int8_inference.html">GluonCV with Quantized Models</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/index.html">Accelerated Backend Tools</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/dnnl/index.html">oneDNN</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/dnnl/dnnl_readme.html">Install MXNet with oneDNN</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/dnnl/dnnl_quantization.html">oneDNN Quantization</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/dnnl/dnnl_quantization_inc.html">Improving accuracy with Intel® Neural Compressor</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/tvm.html">Use TVM</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/profiler.html">Profiling MXNet Models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/amp.html">Using AMP: Automatic Mixed Precision</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/index.html">Deployment</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/export/index.html">Export</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/export/onnx.html">Exporting to ONNX format</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://gluon-cv.mxnet.io/build/examples_deployment/export_network.html">Export Gluon CV Models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/python/docs/tutorials/packages/gluon/blocks/save_load_params.html">Save / Load Parameters</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/inference/index.html">Inference</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/inference/cpp.html">Deploy into C++</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/inference/image_classification_jetson.html">Image Classication using pretrained ResNet-50 model on Jetson module</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/run-on-aws/index.html">Run on AWS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/run-on-aws/use_ec2.html">Run on an EC2 Instance</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/run-on-aws/use_sagemaker.html">Run on Amazon SageMaker</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/run-on-aws/cloud.html">MXNet on the Cloud</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../extend/index.html">Extend</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../extend/customop.html">Custom Numpy Operators</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/faq/new_op">New Operator Creation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/faq/add_op_in_backend">New Operator in MXNet Backend</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/faq/using_rtc">Using RTC for CUDA kernels</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/index.html">Python API</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/index.html">mxnet.np</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/arrays.html">Array objects</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/arrays.ndarray.html">The N-dimensional array (<code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ndarray</span></code>)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/arrays.indexing.html">Indexing</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.html">Routines</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.array-creation.html">Array creation routines</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.eye.html">mxnet.np.eye</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.empty.html">mxnet.np.empty</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.full.html">mxnet.np.full</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.identity.html">mxnet.np.identity</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ones.html">mxnet.np.ones</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ones_like.html">mxnet.np.ones_like</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.zeros.html">mxnet.np.zeros</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.zeros_like.html">mxnet.np.zeros_like</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.array.html">mxnet.np.array</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.copy.html">mxnet.np.copy</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arange.html">mxnet.np.arange</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linspace.html">mxnet.np.linspace</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.logspace.html">mxnet.np.logspace</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.meshgrid.html">mxnet.np.meshgrid</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.tril.html">mxnet.np.tril</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.array-manipulation.html">Array manipulation routines</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.reshape.html">mxnet.np.reshape</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ravel.html">mxnet.np.ravel</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ndarray.flatten.html">mxnet.np.ndarray.flatten</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.swapaxes.html">mxnet.np.swapaxes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ndarray.T.html">mxnet.np.ndarray.T</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.transpose.html">mxnet.np.transpose</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.moveaxis.html">mxnet.np.moveaxis</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.rollaxis.html">mxnet.np.rollaxis</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.expand_dims.html">mxnet.np.expand_dims</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.squeeze.html">mxnet.np.squeeze</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.broadcast_to.html">mxnet.np.broadcast_to</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.broadcast_arrays.html">mxnet.np.broadcast_arrays</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.atleast_1d.html">mxnet.np.atleast_1d</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.atleast_2d.html">mxnet.np.atleast_2d</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.atleast_3d.html">mxnet.np.atleast_3d</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.concatenate.html">mxnet.np.concatenate</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.stack.html">mxnet.np.stack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.dstack.html">mxnet.np.dstack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.vstack.html">mxnet.np.vstack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.column_stack.html">mxnet.np.column_stack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.hstack.html">mxnet.np.hstack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.split.html">mxnet.np.split</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.hsplit.html">mxnet.np.hsplit</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.vsplit.html">mxnet.np.vsplit</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.array_split.html">mxnet.np.array_split</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.dsplit.html">mxnet.np.dsplit</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.tile.html">mxnet.np.tile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.repeat.html">mxnet.np.repeat</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.unique.html">mxnet.np.unique</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.delete.html">mxnet.np.delete</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.insert.html">mxnet.np.insert</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.append.html">mxnet.np.append</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.resize.html">mxnet.np.resize</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.trim_zeros.html">mxnet.np.trim_zeros</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.reshape.html">mxnet.np.reshape</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.flip.html">mxnet.np.flip</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.roll.html">mxnet.np.roll</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.rot90.html">mxnet.np.rot90</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.fliplr.html">mxnet.np.fliplr</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.flipud.html">mxnet.np.flipud</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.io.html">Input and output</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.genfromtxt.html">mxnet.np.genfromtxt</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ndarray.tolist.html">mxnet.np.ndarray.tolist</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.set_printoptions.html">mxnet.np.set_printoptions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.linalg.html">Linear algebra (<code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">numpy.linalg</span></code>)</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.dot.html">mxnet.np.dot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.vdot.html">mxnet.np.vdot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.inner.html">mxnet.np.inner</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.outer.html">mxnet.np.outer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.tensordot.html">mxnet.np.tensordot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.einsum.html">mxnet.np.einsum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.multi_dot.html">mxnet.np.linalg.multi_dot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.matmul.html">mxnet.np.matmul</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.matrix_power.html">mxnet.np.linalg.matrix_power</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.kron.html">mxnet.np.kron</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.svd.html">mxnet.np.linalg.svd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.cholesky.html">mxnet.np.linalg.cholesky</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.qr.html">mxnet.np.linalg.qr</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.eig.html">mxnet.np.linalg.eig</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.eigh.html">mxnet.np.linalg.eigh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.eigvals.html">mxnet.np.linalg.eigvals</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.eigvalsh.html">mxnet.np.linalg.eigvalsh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.norm.html">mxnet.np.linalg.norm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.trace.html">mxnet.np.trace</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.cond.html">mxnet.np.linalg.cond</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.det.html">mxnet.np.linalg.det</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.matrix_rank.html">mxnet.np.linalg.matrix_rank</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.slogdet.html">mxnet.np.linalg.slogdet</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.solve.html">mxnet.np.linalg.solve</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.tensorsolve.html">mxnet.np.linalg.tensorsolve</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.lstsq.html">mxnet.np.linalg.lstsq</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.inv.html">mxnet.np.linalg.inv</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.pinv.html">mxnet.np.linalg.pinv</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.tensorinv.html">mxnet.np.linalg.tensorinv</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.math.html">Mathematical functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.sin.html">mxnet.np.sin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cos.html">mxnet.np.cos</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.tan.html">mxnet.np.tan</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arcsin.html">mxnet.np.arcsin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arccos.html">mxnet.np.arccos</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arctan.html">mxnet.np.arctan</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.degrees.html">mxnet.np.degrees</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.radians.html">mxnet.np.radians</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.hypot.html">mxnet.np.hypot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arctan2.html">mxnet.np.arctan2</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.deg2rad.html">mxnet.np.deg2rad</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.rad2deg.html">mxnet.np.rad2deg</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.unwrap.html">mxnet.np.unwrap</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.sinh.html">mxnet.np.sinh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cosh.html">mxnet.np.cosh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.tanh.html">mxnet.np.tanh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arcsinh.html">mxnet.np.arcsinh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arccosh.html">mxnet.np.arccosh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arctanh.html">mxnet.np.arctanh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.rint.html">mxnet.np.rint</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.fix.html">mxnet.np.fix</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.floor.html">mxnet.np.floor</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ceil.html">mxnet.np.ceil</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.trunc.html">mxnet.np.trunc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.around.html">mxnet.np.around</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.round_.html">mxnet.np.round_</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.sum.html">mxnet.np.sum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.prod.html">mxnet.np.prod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cumsum.html">mxnet.np.cumsum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanprod.html">mxnet.np.nanprod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nansum.html">mxnet.np.nansum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cumprod.html">mxnet.np.cumprod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nancumprod.html">mxnet.np.nancumprod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nancumsum.html">mxnet.np.nancumsum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.diff.html">mxnet.np.diff</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ediff1d.html">mxnet.np.ediff1d</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cross.html">mxnet.np.cross</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.trapz.html">mxnet.np.trapz</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.exp.html">mxnet.np.exp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.expm1.html">mxnet.np.expm1</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.log.html">mxnet.np.log</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.log10.html">mxnet.np.log10</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.log2.html">mxnet.np.log2</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.log1p.html">mxnet.np.log1p</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.logaddexp.html">mxnet.np.logaddexp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.i0.html">mxnet.np.i0</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ldexp.html">mxnet.np.ldexp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.signbit.html">mxnet.np.signbit</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.copysign.html">mxnet.np.copysign</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.frexp.html">mxnet.np.frexp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.spacing.html">mxnet.np.spacing</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.lcm.html">mxnet.np.lcm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.gcd.html">mxnet.np.gcd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.add.html">mxnet.np.add</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.reciprocal.html">mxnet.np.reciprocal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.negative.html">mxnet.np.negative</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.divide.html">mxnet.np.divide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.power.html">mxnet.np.power</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.subtract.html">mxnet.np.subtract</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.mod.html">mxnet.np.mod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.multiply.html">mxnet.np.multiply</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.true_divide.html">mxnet.np.true_divide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.remainder.html">mxnet.np.remainder</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.positive.html">mxnet.np.positive</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.float_power.html">mxnet.np.float_power</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.fmod.html">mxnet.np.fmod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.modf.html">mxnet.np.modf</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.divmod.html">mxnet.np.divmod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.floor_divide.html">mxnet.np.floor_divide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.clip.html">mxnet.np.clip</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.sqrt.html">mxnet.np.sqrt</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cbrt.html">mxnet.np.cbrt</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.square.html">mxnet.np.square</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.absolute.html">mxnet.np.absolute</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.sign.html">mxnet.np.sign</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.maximum.html">mxnet.np.maximum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.minimum.html">mxnet.np.minimum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.fabs.html">mxnet.np.fabs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.heaviside.html">mxnet.np.heaviside</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.fmax.html">mxnet.np.fmax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.fmin.html">mxnet.np.fmin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nan_to_num.html">mxnet.np.nan_to_num</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.interp.html">mxnet.np.interp</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/index.html">np.random</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.choice.html">mxnet.np.random.choice</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.shuffle.html">mxnet.np.random.shuffle</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.normal.html">mxnet.np.random.normal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.uniform.html">mxnet.np.random.uniform</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.rand.html">mxnet.np.random.rand</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.randint.html">mxnet.np.random.randint</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.beta.html">mxnet.np.random.beta</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.chisquare.html">mxnet.np.random.chisquare</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.exponential.html">mxnet.np.random.exponential</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.f.html">mxnet.np.random.f</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.gamma.html">mxnet.np.random.gamma</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.gumbel.html">mxnet.np.random.gumbel</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.laplace.html">mxnet.np.random.laplace</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.logistic.html">mxnet.np.random.logistic</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.lognormal.html">mxnet.np.random.lognormal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.multinomial.html">mxnet.np.random.multinomial</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.multivariate_normal.html">mxnet.np.random.multivariate_normal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.pareto.html">mxnet.np.random.pareto</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.power.html">mxnet.np.random.power</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.rayleigh.html">mxnet.np.random.rayleigh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.weibull.html">mxnet.np.random.weibull</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.sort.html">Sorting, searching, and counting</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ndarray.sort.html">mxnet.np.ndarray.sort</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.sort.html">mxnet.np.sort</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.lexsort.html">mxnet.np.lexsort</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.argsort.html">mxnet.np.argsort</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.msort.html">mxnet.np.msort</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.partition.html">mxnet.np.partition</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.argpartition.html">mxnet.np.argpartition</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.argmax.html">mxnet.np.argmax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.argmin.html">mxnet.np.argmin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanargmax.html">mxnet.np.nanargmax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanargmin.html">mxnet.np.nanargmin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.argwhere.html">mxnet.np.argwhere</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nonzero.html">mxnet.np.nonzero</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.flatnonzero.html">mxnet.np.flatnonzero</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.where.html">mxnet.np.where</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.searchsorted.html">mxnet.np.searchsorted</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.extract.html">mxnet.np.extract</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.count_nonzero.html">mxnet.np.count_nonzero</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.statistics.html">Statistics</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.min.html">mxnet.np.min</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.max.html">mxnet.np.max</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.amin.html">mxnet.np.amin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.amax.html">mxnet.np.amax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanmin.html">mxnet.np.nanmin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanmax.html">mxnet.np.nanmax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ptp.html">mxnet.np.ptp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.percentile.html">mxnet.np.percentile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanpercentile.html">mxnet.np.nanpercentile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.quantile.html">mxnet.np.quantile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanquantile.html">mxnet.np.nanquantile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.mean.html">mxnet.np.mean</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.std.html">mxnet.np.std</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.var.html">mxnet.np.var</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.median.html">mxnet.np.median</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.average.html">mxnet.np.average</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanmedian.html">mxnet.np.nanmedian</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanstd.html">mxnet.np.nanstd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanvar.html">mxnet.np.nanvar</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.corrcoef.html">mxnet.np.corrcoef</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.correlate.html">mxnet.np.correlate</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cov.html">mxnet.np.cov</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.histogram.html">mxnet.np.histogram</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.histogram2d.html">mxnet.np.histogram2d</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.histogramdd.html">mxnet.np.histogramdd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.bincount.html">mxnet.np.bincount</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.histogram_bin_edges.html">mxnet.np.histogram_bin_edges</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.digitize.html">mxnet.np.digitize</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/index.html">NPX: NumPy Neural Network Extension</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.set_np.html">mxnet.npx.set_np</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.reset_np.html">mxnet.npx.reset_np</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.cpu.html">mxnet.npx.cpu</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.cpu_pinned.html">mxnet.npx.cpu_pinned</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.gpu.html">mxnet.npx.gpu</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.gpu_memory_info.html">mxnet.npx.gpu_memory_info</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.current_device.html">mxnet.npx.current_device</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.num_gpus.html">mxnet.npx.num_gpus</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.activation.html">mxnet.npx.activation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.batch_norm.html">mxnet.npx.batch_norm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.convolution.html">mxnet.npx.convolution</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.dropout.html">mxnet.npx.dropout</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.embedding.html">mxnet.npx.embedding</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.fully_connected.html">mxnet.npx.fully_connected</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.layer_norm.html">mxnet.npx.layer_norm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.pooling.html">mxnet.npx.pooling</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.rnn.html">mxnet.npx.rnn</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.leaky_relu.html">mxnet.npx.leaky_relu</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.multibox_detection.html">mxnet.npx.multibox_detection</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.multibox_prior.html">mxnet.npx.multibox_prior</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.multibox_target.html">mxnet.npx.multibox_target</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.roi_pooling.html">mxnet.npx.roi_pooling</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.sigmoid.html">mxnet.npx.sigmoid</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.relu.html">mxnet.npx.relu</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.smooth_l1.html">mxnet.npx.smooth_l1</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.softmax.html">mxnet.npx.softmax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.log_softmax.html">mxnet.npx.log_softmax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.topk.html">mxnet.npx.topk</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.waitall.html">mxnet.npx.waitall</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.load.html">mxnet.npx.load</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.save.html">mxnet.npx.save</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.one_hot.html">mxnet.npx.one_hot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.pick.html">mxnet.npx.pick</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.reshape_like.html">mxnet.npx.reshape_like</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.batch_flatten.html">mxnet.npx.batch_flatten</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.batch_dot.html">mxnet.npx.batch_dot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.gamma.html">mxnet.npx.gamma</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.sequence_mask.html">mxnet.npx.sequence_mask</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/index.html">mxnet.gluon</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/block.html">gluon.Block</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/hybrid_block.html">gluon.HybridBlock</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/symbol_block.html">gluon.SymbolBlock</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/constant.html">gluon.Constant</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/parameter.html">gluon.Parameter</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/trainer.html">gluon.Trainer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/contrib/index.html">gluon.contrib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/data/index.html">gluon.data</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/data/vision/index.html">data.vision</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/data/vision/datasets/index.html">vision.datasets</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/data/vision/transforms/index.html">vision.transforms</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/loss/index.html">gluon.loss</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/metric/index.html">gluon.metric</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/model_zoo/index.html">gluon.model_zoo.vision</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/nn/index.html">gluon.nn</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/rnn/index.html">gluon.rnn</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/utils/index.html">gluon.utils</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/autograd/index.html">mxnet.autograd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/initializer/index.html">mxnet.initializer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/optimizer/index.html">mxnet.optimizer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/lr_scheduler/index.html">mxnet.lr_scheduler</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/index.html">KVStore: Communication for Distributed Training</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/index.html#horovod">Horovod</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/generated/mxnet.kvstore.Horovod.html">mxnet.kvstore.Horovod</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/index.html#byteps">BytePS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/generated/mxnet.kvstore.BytePS.html">mxnet.kvstore.BytePS</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/index.html#kvstore-interface">KVStore Interface</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/generated/mxnet.kvstore.KVStore.html">mxnet.kvstore.KVStore</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/generated/mxnet.kvstore.KVStoreBase.html">mxnet.kvstore.KVStoreBase</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/generated/mxnet.kvstore.KVStoreServer.html">mxnet.kvstore.KVStoreServer</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/index.html">mxnet.contrib</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/io/index.html">contrib.io</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/ndarray/index.html">contrib.ndarray</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/onnx/index.html">contrib.onnx</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/quantization/index.html">contrib.quantization</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/symbol/index.html">contrib.symbol</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/tensorboard/index.html">contrib.tensorboard</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/tensorrt/index.html">contrib.tensorrt</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/text/index.html">contrib.text</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/index.html">Legacy</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/callback/index.html">mxnet.callback</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/image/index.html">mxnet.image</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/io/index.html">mxnet.io</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/index.html">mxnet.ndarray</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/ndarray.html">ndarray</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/contrib/index.html">ndarray.contrib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/image/index.html">ndarray.image</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/linalg/index.html">ndarray.linalg</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/op/index.html">ndarray.op</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/random/index.html">ndarray.random</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/register/index.html">ndarray.register</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/sparse/index.html">ndarray.sparse</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/utils/index.html">ndarray.utils</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/recordio/index.html">mxnet.recordio</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/index.html">mxnet.symbol</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/symbol.html">symbol</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/contrib/index.html">symbol.contrib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/image/index.html">symbol.image</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/linalg/index.html">symbol.linalg</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/op/index.html">symbol.op</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/random/index.html">symbol.random</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/register/index.html">symbol.register</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/sparse/index.html">symbol.sparse</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/visualization/index.html">mxnet.visualization</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/device/index.html">mxnet.device</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/engine/index.html">mxnet.engine</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/executor/index.html">mxnet.executor</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore_server/index.html">mxnet.kvstore_server</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/profiler/index.html">mxnet.profiler</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/rtc/index.html">mxnet.rtc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/runtime/index.html">mxnet.runtime</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/runtime/generated/mxnet.runtime.Feature.html">mxnet.runtime.Feature</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/runtime/generated/mxnet.runtime.Features.html">mxnet.runtime.Features</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/runtime/generated/mxnet.runtime.feature_list.html">mxnet.runtime.feature_list</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/test_utils/index.html">mxnet.test_utils</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/util/index.html">mxnet.util</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</header>
<main class="mdl-layout__content" tabIndex="0">
<header class="mdl-layout__drawer">
<div class="globaltoc">
<span class="mdl-layout-title toc">Table Of Contents</span>
<nav class="mdl-navigation">
<ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../index.html">Python Tutorials</a><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/index.html">Getting Started</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/index.html">Crash Course</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/0-introduction.html">Introduction</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/1-nparray.html">Step 1: Manipulate data with NP on MXNet</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/2-create-nn.html">Step 2: Create a neural network</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/3-autograd.html">Step 3: Automatic differentiation with autograd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/4-components.html">Step 4: Necessary components that are not in the network</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/5-datasets.html">Step 5: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Dataset</span></code>s and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DataLoader</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/5-datasets.html#Using-own-data-with-included-Datasets">Using own data with included <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Dataset</span></code>s</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/5-datasets.html#Using-your-own-data-with-custom-Datasets">Using your own data with custom <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Dataset</span></code>s</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/5-datasets.html#New-in-MXNet-2.0:-faster-C++-backend-dataloaders">New in MXNet 2.0: faster C++ backend dataloaders</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/6-train-nn.html">Step 6: Train a Neural Network</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/crash-course/7-use-gpus.html">Step 7: Load and Run a NN using GPU</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/to-mxnet/index.html">Moving to MXNet from Other Frameworks</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/to-mxnet/pytorch.html">PyTorch vs Apache MXNet</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/gluon_from_experiment_to_deployment.html">Gluon: from experiment to deployment</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/gluon_migration_guide.html">Gluon2.0: Migration Guide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../getting-started/logistic_regression_explained.html">Logistic regression explained</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/python/docs/tutorials/packages/gluon/image/mnist.html">MNIST</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="reference internal" href="../../index.html">Packages</a><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../autograd/index.html">Automatic Differentiation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3 current"><a class="reference internal" href="../index.html">Gluon</a><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/index.html">Blocks</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/custom-layer.html">Custom Layers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/hybridize.html">Hybridize</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/init.html">Initialization</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/naming.html">Parameter and Block Naming</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/nn.html">Layers and Blocks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/parameters.html">Parameter Management</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/save_load_params.html">Saving and Loading Gluon Models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../blocks/activations/activations.html">Activation Blocks</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4 current"><a class="reference internal" href="index.html">Data Tutorials</a><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l5 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Image Augmentation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="datasets.html">Gluon <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Dataset</span></code>s and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DataLoader</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="datasets.html#Using-own-data-with-included-Datasets">Using own data with included <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Dataset</span></code>s</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="datasets.html#Using-own-data-with-custom-Datasets">Using own data with custom <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Dataset</span></code>s</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="datasets.html#Appendix:-Upgrading-from-Module-DataIter-to-Gluon-DataLoader">Appendix: Upgrading from Module <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DataIter</span></code> to Gluon <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DataLoader</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../image/index.html">Image Tutorials</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../image/info_gan.html">Image similarity search with InfoGAN</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../image/mnist.html">Handwritten Digit Recognition</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../loss/index.html">Losses</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../loss/custom-loss.html">Custom Loss Blocks</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../loss/kl_divergence.html">Kullback-Leibler (KL) Divergence</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../loss/loss.html">Loss functions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../text/index.html">Text Tutorials</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../text/gnmt.html">Google Neural Machine Translation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../text/transformer.html">Machine Translation with Transformer</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/index.html">Training</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/fit_api_tutorial.html">MXNet Gluon Fit API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/trainer.html">Trainer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/learning_rates/index.html">Learning Rates</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/learning_rates/learning_rate_finder.html">Learning Rate Finder</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/learning_rates/learning_rate_schedules.html">Learning Rate Schedules</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/learning_rates/learning_rate_schedules_advanced.html">Advanced Learning Rate Schedules</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../training/normalization/index.html">Normalization Blocks</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../kvstore/index.html">KVStore</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../kvstore/kvstore.html">Distributed Key-Value Store</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/index.html">Legacy</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/index.html">NDArray</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/01-ndarray-intro.html">An Intro: Manipulate Data the MXNet Way with NDArray</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/02-ndarray-operations.html">NDArray Operations</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/03-ndarray-contexts.html">NDArray Contexts</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/gotchas_numpy_in_mxnet.html">Gotchas using NumPy in Apache MXNet</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/sparse/index.html">Tutorials</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/sparse/csr.html">CSRNDArray - NDArray in Compressed Sparse Row Storage Format</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="../../legacy/ndarray/sparse/row_sparse.html">RowSparseNDArray - NDArray for Sparse Gradient Updates</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../np/index.html">What is NP on MXNet</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../np/cheat-sheet.html">The NP on MXNet cheat sheet</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../np/np-vs-numpy.html">Differences between NP on MXNet and NumPy</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../onnx/index.html">ONNX</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../onnx/fine_tuning_gluon.html">Fine-tuning an ONNX model</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../onnx/inference_on_onnx_model.html">Running inference on MXNet/Gluon from an ONNX model</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/python/docs/tutorials/deploy/export/onnx.html">Export ONNX Models</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../optimizer/index.html">Optimizers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../viz/index.html">Visualization</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/faq/visualize_graph">Visualize networks</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/index.html">Performance</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/compression/index.html">Compression</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/compression/int8.html">Deploy with int-8</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/faq/float16">Float16</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/faq/gradient_compression">Gradient Compression</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://gluon-cv.mxnet.io/build/examples_deployment/int8_inference.html">GluonCV with Quantized Models</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/index.html">Accelerated Backend Tools</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/dnnl/index.html">oneDNN</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/dnnl/dnnl_readme.html">Install MXNet with oneDNN</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/dnnl/dnnl_quantization.html">oneDNN Quantization</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/dnnl/dnnl_quantization_inc.html">Improving accuracy with Intel® Neural Compressor</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/tvm.html">Use TVM</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/profiler.html">Profiling MXNet Models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../performance/backend/amp.html">Using AMP: Automatic Mixed Precision</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/index.html">Deployment</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/export/index.html">Export</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/export/onnx.html">Exporting to ONNX format</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://gluon-cv.mxnet.io/build/examples_deployment/export_network.html">Export Gluon CV Models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/python/docs/tutorials/packages/gluon/blocks/save_load_params.html">Save / Load Parameters</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/inference/index.html">Inference</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/inference/cpp.html">Deploy into C++</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/inference/image_classification_jetson.html">Image Classication using pretrained ResNet-50 model on Jetson module</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/run-on-aws/index.html">Run on AWS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/run-on-aws/use_ec2.html">Run on an EC2 Instance</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/run-on-aws/use_sagemaker.html">Run on Amazon SageMaker</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../deploy/run-on-aws/cloud.html">MXNet on the Cloud</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../extend/index.html">Extend</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../extend/customop.html">Custom Numpy Operators</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/faq/new_op">New Operator Creation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/faq/add_op_in_backend">New Operator in MXNet Backend</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference external" href="https://mxnet.apache.org/api/faq/using_rtc">Using RTC for CUDA kernels</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/index.html">Python API</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/index.html">mxnet.np</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/arrays.html">Array objects</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/arrays.ndarray.html">The N-dimensional array (<code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ndarray</span></code>)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/arrays.indexing.html">Indexing</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.html">Routines</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.array-creation.html">Array creation routines</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.eye.html">mxnet.np.eye</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.empty.html">mxnet.np.empty</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.full.html">mxnet.np.full</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.identity.html">mxnet.np.identity</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ones.html">mxnet.np.ones</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ones_like.html">mxnet.np.ones_like</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.zeros.html">mxnet.np.zeros</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.zeros_like.html">mxnet.np.zeros_like</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.array.html">mxnet.np.array</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.copy.html">mxnet.np.copy</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arange.html">mxnet.np.arange</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linspace.html">mxnet.np.linspace</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.logspace.html">mxnet.np.logspace</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.meshgrid.html">mxnet.np.meshgrid</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.tril.html">mxnet.np.tril</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.array-manipulation.html">Array manipulation routines</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.reshape.html">mxnet.np.reshape</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ravel.html">mxnet.np.ravel</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ndarray.flatten.html">mxnet.np.ndarray.flatten</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.swapaxes.html">mxnet.np.swapaxes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ndarray.T.html">mxnet.np.ndarray.T</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.transpose.html">mxnet.np.transpose</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.moveaxis.html">mxnet.np.moveaxis</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.rollaxis.html">mxnet.np.rollaxis</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.expand_dims.html">mxnet.np.expand_dims</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.squeeze.html">mxnet.np.squeeze</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.broadcast_to.html">mxnet.np.broadcast_to</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.broadcast_arrays.html">mxnet.np.broadcast_arrays</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.atleast_1d.html">mxnet.np.atleast_1d</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.atleast_2d.html">mxnet.np.atleast_2d</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.atleast_3d.html">mxnet.np.atleast_3d</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.concatenate.html">mxnet.np.concatenate</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.stack.html">mxnet.np.stack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.dstack.html">mxnet.np.dstack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.vstack.html">mxnet.np.vstack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.column_stack.html">mxnet.np.column_stack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.hstack.html">mxnet.np.hstack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.split.html">mxnet.np.split</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.hsplit.html">mxnet.np.hsplit</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.vsplit.html">mxnet.np.vsplit</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.array_split.html">mxnet.np.array_split</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.dsplit.html">mxnet.np.dsplit</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.tile.html">mxnet.np.tile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.repeat.html">mxnet.np.repeat</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.unique.html">mxnet.np.unique</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.delete.html">mxnet.np.delete</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.insert.html">mxnet.np.insert</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.append.html">mxnet.np.append</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.resize.html">mxnet.np.resize</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.trim_zeros.html">mxnet.np.trim_zeros</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.reshape.html">mxnet.np.reshape</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.flip.html">mxnet.np.flip</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.roll.html">mxnet.np.roll</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.rot90.html">mxnet.np.rot90</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.fliplr.html">mxnet.np.fliplr</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.flipud.html">mxnet.np.flipud</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.io.html">Input and output</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.genfromtxt.html">mxnet.np.genfromtxt</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ndarray.tolist.html">mxnet.np.ndarray.tolist</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.set_printoptions.html">mxnet.np.set_printoptions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.linalg.html">Linear algebra (<code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">numpy.linalg</span></code>)</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.dot.html">mxnet.np.dot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.vdot.html">mxnet.np.vdot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.inner.html">mxnet.np.inner</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.outer.html">mxnet.np.outer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.tensordot.html">mxnet.np.tensordot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.einsum.html">mxnet.np.einsum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.multi_dot.html">mxnet.np.linalg.multi_dot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.matmul.html">mxnet.np.matmul</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.matrix_power.html">mxnet.np.linalg.matrix_power</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.kron.html">mxnet.np.kron</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.svd.html">mxnet.np.linalg.svd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.cholesky.html">mxnet.np.linalg.cholesky</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.qr.html">mxnet.np.linalg.qr</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.eig.html">mxnet.np.linalg.eig</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.eigh.html">mxnet.np.linalg.eigh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.eigvals.html">mxnet.np.linalg.eigvals</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.eigvalsh.html">mxnet.np.linalg.eigvalsh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.norm.html">mxnet.np.linalg.norm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.trace.html">mxnet.np.trace</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.cond.html">mxnet.np.linalg.cond</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.det.html">mxnet.np.linalg.det</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.matrix_rank.html">mxnet.np.linalg.matrix_rank</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.slogdet.html">mxnet.np.linalg.slogdet</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.solve.html">mxnet.np.linalg.solve</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.tensorsolve.html">mxnet.np.linalg.tensorsolve</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.lstsq.html">mxnet.np.linalg.lstsq</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.inv.html">mxnet.np.linalg.inv</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.pinv.html">mxnet.np.linalg.pinv</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.linalg.tensorinv.html">mxnet.np.linalg.tensorinv</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.math.html">Mathematical functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.sin.html">mxnet.np.sin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cos.html">mxnet.np.cos</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.tan.html">mxnet.np.tan</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arcsin.html">mxnet.np.arcsin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arccos.html">mxnet.np.arccos</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arctan.html">mxnet.np.arctan</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.degrees.html">mxnet.np.degrees</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.radians.html">mxnet.np.radians</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.hypot.html">mxnet.np.hypot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arctan2.html">mxnet.np.arctan2</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.deg2rad.html">mxnet.np.deg2rad</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.rad2deg.html">mxnet.np.rad2deg</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.unwrap.html">mxnet.np.unwrap</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.sinh.html">mxnet.np.sinh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cosh.html">mxnet.np.cosh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.tanh.html">mxnet.np.tanh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arcsinh.html">mxnet.np.arcsinh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arccosh.html">mxnet.np.arccosh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.arctanh.html">mxnet.np.arctanh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.rint.html">mxnet.np.rint</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.fix.html">mxnet.np.fix</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.floor.html">mxnet.np.floor</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ceil.html">mxnet.np.ceil</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.trunc.html">mxnet.np.trunc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.around.html">mxnet.np.around</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.round_.html">mxnet.np.round_</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.sum.html">mxnet.np.sum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.prod.html">mxnet.np.prod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cumsum.html">mxnet.np.cumsum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanprod.html">mxnet.np.nanprod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nansum.html">mxnet.np.nansum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cumprod.html">mxnet.np.cumprod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nancumprod.html">mxnet.np.nancumprod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nancumsum.html">mxnet.np.nancumsum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.diff.html">mxnet.np.diff</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ediff1d.html">mxnet.np.ediff1d</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cross.html">mxnet.np.cross</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.trapz.html">mxnet.np.trapz</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.exp.html">mxnet.np.exp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.expm1.html">mxnet.np.expm1</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.log.html">mxnet.np.log</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.log10.html">mxnet.np.log10</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.log2.html">mxnet.np.log2</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.log1p.html">mxnet.np.log1p</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.logaddexp.html">mxnet.np.logaddexp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.i0.html">mxnet.np.i0</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ldexp.html">mxnet.np.ldexp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.signbit.html">mxnet.np.signbit</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.copysign.html">mxnet.np.copysign</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.frexp.html">mxnet.np.frexp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.spacing.html">mxnet.np.spacing</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.lcm.html">mxnet.np.lcm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.gcd.html">mxnet.np.gcd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.add.html">mxnet.np.add</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.reciprocal.html">mxnet.np.reciprocal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.negative.html">mxnet.np.negative</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.divide.html">mxnet.np.divide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.power.html">mxnet.np.power</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.subtract.html">mxnet.np.subtract</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.mod.html">mxnet.np.mod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.multiply.html">mxnet.np.multiply</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.true_divide.html">mxnet.np.true_divide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.remainder.html">mxnet.np.remainder</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.positive.html">mxnet.np.positive</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.float_power.html">mxnet.np.float_power</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.fmod.html">mxnet.np.fmod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.modf.html">mxnet.np.modf</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.divmod.html">mxnet.np.divmod</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.floor_divide.html">mxnet.np.floor_divide</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.clip.html">mxnet.np.clip</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.sqrt.html">mxnet.np.sqrt</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cbrt.html">mxnet.np.cbrt</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.square.html">mxnet.np.square</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.absolute.html">mxnet.np.absolute</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.sign.html">mxnet.np.sign</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.maximum.html">mxnet.np.maximum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.minimum.html">mxnet.np.minimum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.fabs.html">mxnet.np.fabs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.heaviside.html">mxnet.np.heaviside</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.fmax.html">mxnet.np.fmax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.fmin.html">mxnet.np.fmin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nan_to_num.html">mxnet.np.nan_to_num</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.interp.html">mxnet.np.interp</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/index.html">np.random</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.choice.html">mxnet.np.random.choice</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.shuffle.html">mxnet.np.random.shuffle</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.normal.html">mxnet.np.random.normal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.uniform.html">mxnet.np.random.uniform</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.rand.html">mxnet.np.random.rand</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.randint.html">mxnet.np.random.randint</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.beta.html">mxnet.np.random.beta</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.chisquare.html">mxnet.np.random.chisquare</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.exponential.html">mxnet.np.random.exponential</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.f.html">mxnet.np.random.f</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.gamma.html">mxnet.np.random.gamma</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.gumbel.html">mxnet.np.random.gumbel</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.laplace.html">mxnet.np.random.laplace</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.logistic.html">mxnet.np.random.logistic</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.lognormal.html">mxnet.np.random.lognormal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.multinomial.html">mxnet.np.random.multinomial</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.multivariate_normal.html">mxnet.np.random.multivariate_normal</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.pareto.html">mxnet.np.random.pareto</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.power.html">mxnet.np.random.power</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.rayleigh.html">mxnet.np.random.rayleigh</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/random/generated/mxnet.np.random.weibull.html">mxnet.np.random.weibull</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.sort.html">Sorting, searching, and counting</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ndarray.sort.html">mxnet.np.ndarray.sort</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.sort.html">mxnet.np.sort</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.lexsort.html">mxnet.np.lexsort</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.argsort.html">mxnet.np.argsort</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.msort.html">mxnet.np.msort</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.partition.html">mxnet.np.partition</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.argpartition.html">mxnet.np.argpartition</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.argmax.html">mxnet.np.argmax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.argmin.html">mxnet.np.argmin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanargmax.html">mxnet.np.nanargmax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanargmin.html">mxnet.np.nanargmin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.argwhere.html">mxnet.np.argwhere</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nonzero.html">mxnet.np.nonzero</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.flatnonzero.html">mxnet.np.flatnonzero</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.where.html">mxnet.np.where</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.searchsorted.html">mxnet.np.searchsorted</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.extract.html">mxnet.np.extract</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.count_nonzero.html">mxnet.np.count_nonzero</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/routines.statistics.html">Statistics</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.min.html">mxnet.np.min</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.max.html">mxnet.np.max</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.amin.html">mxnet.np.amin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.amax.html">mxnet.np.amax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanmin.html">mxnet.np.nanmin</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanmax.html">mxnet.np.nanmax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.ptp.html">mxnet.np.ptp</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.percentile.html">mxnet.np.percentile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanpercentile.html">mxnet.np.nanpercentile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.quantile.html">mxnet.np.quantile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanquantile.html">mxnet.np.nanquantile</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.mean.html">mxnet.np.mean</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.std.html">mxnet.np.std</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.var.html">mxnet.np.var</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.median.html">mxnet.np.median</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.average.html">mxnet.np.average</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanmedian.html">mxnet.np.nanmedian</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanstd.html">mxnet.np.nanstd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.nanvar.html">mxnet.np.nanvar</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.corrcoef.html">mxnet.np.corrcoef</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.correlate.html">mxnet.np.correlate</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.cov.html">mxnet.np.cov</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.histogram.html">mxnet.np.histogram</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.histogram2d.html">mxnet.np.histogram2d</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.histogramdd.html">mxnet.np.histogramdd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.bincount.html">mxnet.np.bincount</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.histogram_bin_edges.html">mxnet.np.histogram_bin_edges</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/np/generated/mxnet.np.digitize.html">mxnet.np.digitize</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/index.html">NPX: NumPy Neural Network Extension</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.set_np.html">mxnet.npx.set_np</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.reset_np.html">mxnet.npx.reset_np</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.cpu.html">mxnet.npx.cpu</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.cpu_pinned.html">mxnet.npx.cpu_pinned</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.gpu.html">mxnet.npx.gpu</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.gpu_memory_info.html">mxnet.npx.gpu_memory_info</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.current_device.html">mxnet.npx.current_device</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.num_gpus.html">mxnet.npx.num_gpus</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.activation.html">mxnet.npx.activation</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.batch_norm.html">mxnet.npx.batch_norm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.convolution.html">mxnet.npx.convolution</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.dropout.html">mxnet.npx.dropout</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.embedding.html">mxnet.npx.embedding</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.fully_connected.html">mxnet.npx.fully_connected</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.layer_norm.html">mxnet.npx.layer_norm</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.pooling.html">mxnet.npx.pooling</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.rnn.html">mxnet.npx.rnn</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.leaky_relu.html">mxnet.npx.leaky_relu</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.multibox_detection.html">mxnet.npx.multibox_detection</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.multibox_prior.html">mxnet.npx.multibox_prior</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.multibox_target.html">mxnet.npx.multibox_target</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.roi_pooling.html">mxnet.npx.roi_pooling</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.sigmoid.html">mxnet.npx.sigmoid</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.relu.html">mxnet.npx.relu</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.smooth_l1.html">mxnet.npx.smooth_l1</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.softmax.html">mxnet.npx.softmax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.log_softmax.html">mxnet.npx.log_softmax</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.topk.html">mxnet.npx.topk</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.waitall.html">mxnet.npx.waitall</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.load.html">mxnet.npx.load</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.save.html">mxnet.npx.save</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.one_hot.html">mxnet.npx.one_hot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.pick.html">mxnet.npx.pick</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.reshape_like.html">mxnet.npx.reshape_like</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.batch_flatten.html">mxnet.npx.batch_flatten</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.batch_dot.html">mxnet.npx.batch_dot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.gamma.html">mxnet.npx.gamma</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/npx/generated/mxnet.npx.sequence_mask.html">mxnet.npx.sequence_mask</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/index.html">mxnet.gluon</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/block.html">gluon.Block</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/hybrid_block.html">gluon.HybridBlock</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/symbol_block.html">gluon.SymbolBlock</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/constant.html">gluon.Constant</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/parameter.html">gluon.Parameter</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/trainer.html">gluon.Trainer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/contrib/index.html">gluon.contrib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/data/index.html">gluon.data</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/data/vision/index.html">data.vision</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/data/vision/datasets/index.html">vision.datasets</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/data/vision/transforms/index.html">vision.transforms</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/loss/index.html">gluon.loss</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/metric/index.html">gluon.metric</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/model_zoo/index.html">gluon.model_zoo.vision</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/nn/index.html">gluon.nn</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/rnn/index.html">gluon.rnn</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/gluon/utils/index.html">gluon.utils</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/autograd/index.html">mxnet.autograd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/initializer/index.html">mxnet.initializer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/optimizer/index.html">mxnet.optimizer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/lr_scheduler/index.html">mxnet.lr_scheduler</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/index.html">KVStore: Communication for Distributed Training</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/index.html#horovod">Horovod</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/generated/mxnet.kvstore.Horovod.html">mxnet.kvstore.Horovod</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/index.html#byteps">BytePS</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/generated/mxnet.kvstore.BytePS.html">mxnet.kvstore.BytePS</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/index.html#kvstore-interface">KVStore Interface</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/generated/mxnet.kvstore.KVStore.html">mxnet.kvstore.KVStore</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/generated/mxnet.kvstore.KVStoreBase.html">mxnet.kvstore.KVStoreBase</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore/generated/mxnet.kvstore.KVStoreServer.html">mxnet.kvstore.KVStoreServer</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/index.html">mxnet.contrib</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/io/index.html">contrib.io</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/ndarray/index.html">contrib.ndarray</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/onnx/index.html">contrib.onnx</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/quantization/index.html">contrib.quantization</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/symbol/index.html">contrib.symbol</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/tensorboard/index.html">contrib.tensorboard</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/tensorrt/index.html">contrib.tensorrt</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/contrib/text/index.html">contrib.text</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/index.html">Legacy</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/callback/index.html">mxnet.callback</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/image/index.html">mxnet.image</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/io/index.html">mxnet.io</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/index.html">mxnet.ndarray</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/ndarray.html">ndarray</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/contrib/index.html">ndarray.contrib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/image/index.html">ndarray.image</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/linalg/index.html">ndarray.linalg</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/op/index.html">ndarray.op</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/random/index.html">ndarray.random</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/register/index.html">ndarray.register</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/sparse/index.html">ndarray.sparse</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/ndarray/utils/index.html">ndarray.utils</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/recordio/index.html">mxnet.recordio</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/index.html">mxnet.symbol</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/symbol.html">symbol</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/contrib/index.html">symbol.contrib</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/image/index.html">symbol.image</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/linalg/index.html">symbol.linalg</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/op/index.html">symbol.op</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/random/index.html">symbol.random</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/register/index.html">symbol.register</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/symbol/sparse/index.html">symbol.sparse</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/legacy/visualization/index.html">mxnet.visualization</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/device/index.html">mxnet.device</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/engine/index.html">mxnet.engine</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/executor/index.html">mxnet.executor</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/kvstore_server/index.html">mxnet.kvstore_server</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/profiler/index.html">mxnet.profiler</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/rtc/index.html">mxnet.rtc</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/runtime/index.html">mxnet.runtime</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/runtime/generated/mxnet.runtime.Feature.html">mxnet.runtime.Feature</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/runtime/generated/mxnet.runtime.Features.html">mxnet.runtime.Features</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/runtime/generated/mxnet.runtime.feature_list.html">mxnet.runtime.feature_list</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/test_utils/index.html">mxnet.test_utils</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../../api/util/index.html">mxnet.util</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
</div>
</header>
<div class="document">
<div class="page-content" role="main">
<style>
/* CSS for nbsphinx extension */
/* remove conflicting styling from Sphinx themes */
div.nbinput,
div.nbinput div.prompt,
div.nbinput div.input_area,
div.nbinput div[class*=highlight],
div.nbinput div[class*=highlight] pre,
div.nboutput,
div.nbinput div.prompt,
div.nbinput div.output_area,
div.nboutput div[class*=highlight],
div.nboutput div[class*=highlight] pre {
background: none;
border: none;
padding: 0 0;
margin: 0;
box-shadow: none;
}
/* avoid gaps between output lines */
div.nboutput div[class*=highlight] pre {
line-height: normal;
}
/* input/output containers */
div.nbinput,
div.nboutput {
display: -webkit-flex;
display: flex;
align-items: flex-start;
margin: 0;
width: 100%;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
div.nbinput,
div.nboutput {
flex-direction: column;
}
}
/* input container */
div.nbinput {
padding-top: 5px;
}
/* last container */
div.nblast {
padding-bottom: 5px;
}
/* input prompt */
div.nbinput div.prompt pre {
color: #307FC1;
}
/* output prompt */
div.nboutput div.prompt pre {
color: #BF5B3D;
}
/* all prompts */
div.nbinput div.prompt,
div.nboutput div.prompt {
min-width: 7ex;
padding-top: 0.4em;
padding-right: 0.4em;
text-align: right;
flex: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
div.nbinput div.prompt,
div.nboutput div.prompt {
text-align: left;
padding: 0.4em;
}
div.nboutput div.prompt.empty {
padding: 0;
}
}
/* disable scrollbars on prompts */
div.nbinput div.prompt pre,
div.nboutput div.prompt pre {
overflow: hidden;
}
/* input/output area */
div.nbinput div.input_area,
div.nboutput div.output_area {
padding: 0.4em;
-webkit-flex: 1;
flex: 1;
overflow: auto;
}
@media (max-width: 540px) {
div.nbinput div.input_area,
div.nboutput div.output_area {
width: 100%;
}
}
/* input area */
div.nbinput div.input_area {
border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
border-radius: 2px;
background: #f5f5f5;
}
/* override MathJax center alignment in output cells */
div.nboutput div[class*=MathJax] {
text-align: left !important;
}
/* override sphinx.ext.imgmath center alignment in output cells */
div.nboutput div.math p {
text-align: left;
}
/* standard error */
div.nboutput div.output_area.stderr {
background: #fdd;
}
/* ANSI colors */
.ansi-black-fg { color: #3E424D; }
.ansi-black-bg { background-color: #3E424D; }
.ansi-black-intense-fg { color: #282C36; }
.ansi-black-intense-bg { background-color: #282C36; }
.ansi-red-fg { color: #E75C58; }
.ansi-red-bg { background-color: #E75C58; }
.ansi-red-intense-fg { color: #B22B31; }
.ansi-red-intense-bg { background-color: #B22B31; }
.ansi-green-fg { color: #00A250; }
.ansi-green-bg { background-color: #00A250; }
.ansi-green-intense-fg { color: #007427; }
.ansi-green-intense-bg { background-color: #007427; }
.ansi-yellow-fg { color: #DDB62B; }
.ansi-yellow-bg { background-color: #DDB62B; }
.ansi-yellow-intense-fg { color: #B27D12; }
.ansi-yellow-intense-bg { background-color: #B27D12; }
.ansi-blue-fg { color: #208FFB; }
.ansi-blue-bg { background-color: #208FFB; }
.ansi-blue-intense-fg { color: #0065CA; }
.ansi-blue-intense-bg { background-color: #0065CA; }
.ansi-magenta-fg { color: #D160C4; }
.ansi-magenta-bg { background-color: #D160C4; }
.ansi-magenta-intense-fg { color: #A03196; }
.ansi-magenta-intense-bg { background-color: #A03196; }
.ansi-cyan-fg { color: #60C6C8; }
.ansi-cyan-bg { background-color: #60C6C8; }
.ansi-cyan-intense-fg { color: #258F8F; }
.ansi-cyan-intense-bg { background-color: #258F8F; }
.ansi-white-fg { color: #C5C1B4; }
.ansi-white-bg { background-color: #C5C1B4; }
.ansi-white-intense-fg { color: #A1A6B2; }
.ansi-white-intense-bg { background-color: #A1A6B2; }
.ansi-default-inverse-fg { color: #FFFFFF; }
.ansi-default-inverse-bg { background-color: #000000; }
.ansi-bold { font-weight: bold; }
.ansi-underline { text-decoration: underline; }
/* Some additional styling taken form the Jupyter notebook CSS */
div.rendered_html table {
border: none;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0;
color: black;
font-size: 12px;
table-layout: fixed;
}
div.rendered_html thead {
border-bottom: 1px solid black;
vertical-align: bottom;
}
div.rendered_html tr,
div.rendered_html th,
div.rendered_html td {
text-align: right;
vertical-align: middle;
padding: 0.5em 0.5em;
line-height: normal;
white-space: normal;
max-width: none;
border: none;
}
div.rendered_html th {
font-weight: bold;
}
div.rendered_html tbody tr:nth-child(odd) {
background: #f5f5f5;
}
div.rendered_html tbody tr:hover {
background: rgba(66, 165, 245, 0.2);
}
</style>
<!--- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one --><!--- or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file --><!--- distributed with this work for additional information --><!--- regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file --><!--- to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the --><!--- "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance --><!--- with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at --><!--- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 --><!--- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, --><!--- software distributed under the License is distributed on an --><!--- "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY --><!--- KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the --><!--- specific language governing permissions and limitations --><!--- under the License. --><div class="section" id="Image-Augmentation">
<h1>Image Augmentation<a class="headerlink" href="#Image-Augmentation" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<p>Augmentation is the process of randomly adjusting the dataset samples used for training. As a result, a greater diversity of samples will be seen by the network and it is therefore less likely to overfit the training dataset. Some of the spurious characteristics of the dataset can be reduced using this technique. One example would be a dataset of images from the same camera having the same color tint: it’s unhelpful when you want to apply this model to images from other cameras. You can avoid
this by randomly shifting the colours of each image slightly and training your network on these augmented images.</p>
<p>Although this technique can be applied in a variety of domains, it’s very common in Computer Vision, and we will focus on image augmentations in this tutorial. Some example image augmentations include random crops and flips, and adjustments to the brightness and contrast.</p>
<div class="section" id="What-are-the-prerequisites?">
<h2>What are the prerequisites?<a class="headerlink" href="#What-are-the-prerequisites?" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>You should be familiar with the concept of a transform and how to apply it to a dataset before reading this tutorial.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="Where-can-I-find-the-augmentation-transforms?">
<h2>Where can I find the augmentation transforms?<a class="headerlink" href="#Where-can-I-find-the-augmentation-transforms?" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>You can find them in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mxnet.gluon.data.vision.transforms</span></code> module, alongside the deterministic transforms we’ve seen previously, such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ToTensor</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Normalize</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CenterCrop</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Resize</span></code>. Augmentations involve an element of randomness and all the augmentation transforms are prefixed with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Random</span></code>, such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomResizedCrop</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomBrightness</span></code>. We’ll start by importing MXNet and the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">transforms</span></code>.</p>
<div class="nbinput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[1]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.pyplot</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">plt</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">mxnet</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">mx</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mxnet.gluon.data.vision</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">transforms</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="Sample-Image">
<h2>Sample Image<a class="headerlink" href="#Sample-Image" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<p>So that we can see the effects of all the vision augmentations, we’ll take a sample image of a giraffe and apply various augmentations to it. We can see what it looks like to begin with.</p>
<div class="nbinput docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[2]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="n">image_url</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmlc/web-data/master/mxnet/doc/tutorials/data_aug/inputs/0.jpg&#39;</span>
<span class="n">mx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">test_utils</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">download</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">image_url</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">&quot;giraffe.jpg&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">example_image</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">image</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imread</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;giraffe.jpg&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">example_image</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">asnumpy</span><span class="p">())</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput docutils container">
<div class="prompt empty docutils container">
</div>
<div class="output_area stderr docutils container">
<div class="highlight"><pre>
[04:46:42] /work/mxnet/src/storage/storage.cc:202: Using Pooled (Naive) StorageManager for CPU
</pre></div></div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[2]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="output_area highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span>&lt;matplotlib.image.AxesImage at 0x7f764c0eb130&gt;
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt empty docutils container">
</div>
<div class="output_area docutils container">
<img alt="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_3_2.png" src="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_3_2.png" />
</div>
</div>
<p><img alt="data augmentation output 5 1" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmlc/web-data/master/mxnet/doc/tutorials/gluon/transforms/output_5_1.png" /></p>
<p>Since these augmentations are random, we’ll apply the same augmentation a few times and plot all of the outputs. We define a few utility functions to help with this.</p>
<div class="nbinput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[3]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">show_images</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">imgs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num_rows</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num_cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">scale</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="c1"># show augmented images in a grid layout</span>
<span class="n">aspect_ratio</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">imgs</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">imgs</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">figsize</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num_cols</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">scale</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num_rows</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">scale</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">aspect_ratio</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">axes</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num_rows</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num_cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">figsize</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">figsize</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num_rows</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num_cols</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">axes</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">imshow</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">imgs</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">num_cols</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">asnumpy</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="n">axes</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">axes</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_xaxis</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_visible</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">axes</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">][</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">axes</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_yaxis</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_visible</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots_adjust</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">hspace</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">wspace</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">axes</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">img</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">aug</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num_rows</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num_cols</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">scale</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="c1"># apply augmentation multiple times to obtain different samples</span>
<span class="n">Y</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">aug</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">img</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num_rows</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">num_cols</span><span class="p">)]</span>
<span class="n">show_images</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Y</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num_rows</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num_cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">scale</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="Spatial-Augmentation">
<h3>Spatial Augmentation<a class="headerlink" href="#Spatial-Augmentation" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>One form of augmentation affects the spatial position of pixel values. Using combinations of slicing, scaling, translating, rotating and flipping the values of the original image can be shifted to create new images. Some operations (like scaling and rotation) require interpolation as pixels in the new image are combinations of pixels in the original image.</p>
<div class="section" id="RandomResizedCrop">
<h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomResizedCrop</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#RandomResizedCrop" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
<p>Many Computer Visions tasks, such as image classification and object detection, should be robust to changes in the scale and position of objects in the image. You can incorporate this into the network using pooling layers, but an alternative method is to crop random regions of the original image.</p>
<p>As an example, we randomly (using a uniform distribution) crop a region of the image with:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>an area of 10% to 100% of the original area</p></li>
<li><p>a ratio of width to height between 0.5 and 2</p></li>
</ul>
<p>And then we resize this cropped region to 200 by 200 pixels.</p>
<div class="nbinput docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[4]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="n">shape_aug</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">transforms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RandomResizedCrop</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">scale</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">ratio</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">example_image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shape_aug</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt empty docutils container">
</div>
<div class="output_area docutils container">
<img alt="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_7_0.png" src="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_7_0.png" />
</div>
</div>
<p><img alt="data augmentation output 12 0" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmlc/web-data/master/mxnet/doc/tutorials/gluon/transforms/output_12_0.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="RandomFlipLeftRight">
<h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomFlipLeftRight</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#RandomFlipLeftRight" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
<p>A simple augmentation technique is flipping. Usually flipping horizontally doesn’t change the category of object and results in an image that’s still plausible in the real world. Using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomFlipLeftRight</span></code>, we randomly flip the image horizontally 50% of the time.</p>
<div class="nbinput docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[5]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="n">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">example_image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">transforms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RandomFlipLeftRight</span><span class="p">())</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt empty docutils container">
</div>
<div class="output_area docutils container">
<img alt="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_9_0.png" src="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_9_0.png" />
</div>
</div>
<p><img alt="data augmentation output 15 0" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmlc/web-data/master/mxnet/doc/tutorials/gluon/transforms/output_15_0.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="RandomFlipTopBottom">
<h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomFlipTopBottom</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#RandomFlipTopBottom" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
<p>Although it’s not as common as flipping left and right, you can flip the image vertically 50% of the time with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomFlipTopBottom</span></code>. With our giraffe example, we end up with less plausible samples that horizontal flipping, with the ground above the sky in some cases.</p>
<div class="nbinput docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[6]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="n">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">example_image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">transforms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RandomFlipTopBottom</span><span class="p">())</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt empty docutils container">
</div>
<div class="output_area docutils container">
<img alt="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_11_0.png" src="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_11_0.png" />
</div>
</div>
<p><img alt="data augmentation output 18 0" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmlc/web-data/master/mxnet/doc/tutorials/gluon/transforms/output_18_0.png" /></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="Color-Augmentation">
<h3>Color Augmentation<a class="headerlink" href="#Color-Augmentation" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>Usually, exact coloring doesn’t play a significant role in the classification or detection of objects, so augmenting the colors of images is a good technique to make the network invariant to color shifts. Color properties that can be changed include brightness, contrast, saturation and hue.</p>
<div class="section" id="RandomBrightness">
<h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomBrightness</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#RandomBrightness" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
<p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomBrightness</span></code> to add a random brightness jitter to images. Use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">brightness</span></code> parameter to control the amount of jitter in brightness, with value from 0 (no change) to 1 (potentially large change). <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">brightness</span></code> doesn’t specify whether the brightness of the augmented image will be lighter or darker, just the potential strength of the effect. Specifically the augmentation is given by:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">alpha</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">1.0</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">uniform</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">brightness</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">brightness</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">image</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="n">alpha</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>So by setting this to 0.5 we randomly change the brightness of the image to a value between 50% (<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(1-0.5\)</span>) and 150% (<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(1+0.5\)</span>) of the original image.</p>
<div class="nbinput docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[7]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="n">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">example_image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">transforms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RandomBrightness</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt empty docutils container">
</div>
<div class="output_area docutils container">
<img alt="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_15_0.png" src="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_15_0.png" />
</div>
</div>
<p><img alt="data augmentation output 23 0" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmlc/web-data/master/mxnet/doc/tutorials/gluon/transforms/output_23_0.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="RandomContrast">
<h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomContrast</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#RandomContrast" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
<p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomContrast</span></code> to add a random contrast jitter to an image. Contrast can be thought of as the degree to which light and dark colors in the image differ. Use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">contrast</span></code> parameter to control the amount of jitter in contrast, with value from 0 (no change) to 1 (potentially large change). <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">contrast</span></code> doesn’t specify whether the contrast of the augmented image will be higher or lower, just the potential strength of the effect. Specifically, the augmentation is given by:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">coef</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">nd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">([[[</span><span class="mf">0.299</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.587</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.114</span><span class="p">]]])</span>
<span class="n">alpha</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">1.0</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">uniform</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">contrast</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">contrast</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">gray</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">image</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">coef</span>
<span class="n">gray</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">3.0</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1.0</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">alpha</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">gray</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">nd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">gray</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">image</span> <span class="o">*=</span> <span class="n">alpha</span>
<span class="n">image</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">gray</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="nbinput docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[8]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="n">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">example_image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">transforms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RandomContrast</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt empty docutils container">
</div>
<div class="output_area docutils container">
<img alt="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_18_0.png" src="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_18_0.png" />
</div>
</div>
<p><img alt="data augmentation output 26 0" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmlc/web-data/master/mxnet/doc/tutorials/gluon/transforms/output_26_0.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="RandomSaturation">
<h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomSaturation</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#RandomSaturation" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
<p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomSaturation</span></code> to add a random saturation jitter to an image. Saturation can be thought of as the ‘amount’ of color in an image. Use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">saturation</span></code> parameter to control the amount of jitter in saturation, with value from 0 (no change) to 1 (potentially large change). <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">saturation</span></code> doesn’t specify whether the saturation of the augmented image will be higher or lower, just the potential strength of the effect. Specifically the augmentation is using the method detailed
<a class="reference external" href="https://beesbuzz.biz/code/16-hsv-color-transforms">here</a>.</p>
<div class="nbinput docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[9]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="n">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">example_image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">transforms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RandomSaturation</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt empty docutils container">
</div>
<div class="output_area docutils container">
<img alt="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_20_0.png" src="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_20_0.png" />
</div>
</div>
<p><img alt="data augmentation output 29 0" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmlc/web-data/master/mxnet/doc/tutorials/gluon/transforms/output_29_0.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="RandomHue">
<h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomHue</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#RandomHue" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
<p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomHue</span></code> to add a random hue jitter to images. Hue can be thought of as the ‘shade’ of the colors in an image. Use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hue</span></code> parameter to control the amount of jitter in hue, with value from 0 (no change) to 1 (potentially large change). <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hue</span></code> doesn’t specify whether the hue of the augmented image will be shifted one way or the other, just the potential strength of the effect. Specifically the augmentation is using the method detailed
<a class="reference external" href="https://beesbuzz.biz/code/16-hsv-color-transforms">here</a>.</p>
<div class="nbinput docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[10]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="n">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">example_image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">transforms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RandomHue</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt empty docutils container">
</div>
<div class="output_area docutils container">
<img alt="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_22_0.png" src="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_22_0.png" />
</div>
</div>
<p><img alt="data augmentation output 32 0" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmlc/web-data/master/mxnet/doc/tutorials/gluon/transforms/output_32_0.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="RandomColorJitter">
<h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomColorJitter</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#RandomColorJitter" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomColorJitter</span></code> is a convenience transform that can be used to perform multiple color augmentations at once. You can set the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">brightness</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">contrast</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">saturation</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hue</span></code> jitters, that function the same as above for their individual transforms.</p>
<div class="nbinput docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[11]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="n">color_aug</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">transforms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RandomColorJitter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">brightness</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">contrast</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">saturation</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">hue</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">example_image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">color_aug</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt empty docutils container">
</div>
<div class="output_area docutils container">
<img alt="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_24_0.png" src="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_24_0.png" />
</div>
</div>
<p><img alt="data augmentation output 35 0" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmlc/web-data/master/mxnet/doc/tutorials/gluon/transforms/output_35_0.png" /></p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="RandomLighting">
<h4><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomLighting</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#RandomLighting" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h4>
<p>Use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomLighting</span></code> for an AlexNet-style PCA-based noise augmentation.</p>
<div class="nbinput docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[12]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="n">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">example_image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">transforms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RandomLighting</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">alpha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt empty docutils container">
</div>
<div class="output_area docutils container">
<img alt="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_26_0.png" src="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_26_0.png" />
</div>
</div>
<p><img alt="data augmentation output 38 0" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmlc/web-data/master/mxnet/doc/tutorials/gluon/transforms/output_38_0.png" /></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="section" id="Composed-Augmentations">
<h3>Composed Augmentations<a class="headerlink" href="#Composed-Augmentations" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h3>
<p>In practice, we apply multiple augmentation techniques to an image to increase the variety of images in the dataset using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Compose</span></code> transform. We can apply 3 of the transforms we previously used above.</p>
<div class="nbinput docutils container">
<div class="prompt highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[13]:
</pre></div>
</div>
<div class="input_area highlight-python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="n">augs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">transforms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Compose</span><span class="p">([</span>
<span class="n">transforms</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RandomFlipLeftRight</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">color_aug</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shape_aug</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="n">apply</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">example_image</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">augs</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="nboutput nblast docutils container">
<div class="prompt empty docutils container">
</div>
<div class="output_area docutils container">
<img alt="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_28_0.png" src="../../../../_images/tutorials_packages_gluon_data_data_augmentation_28_0.png" />
</div>
</div>
<p><img alt="data augmentation output 41 0" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dmlc/web-data/master/mxnet/doc/tutorials/gluon/transforms/output_41_0.png" /></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="feedback-hr-top" />
<div class="feedback-container">
<div class="feedback-question">Did this page help you?</div>
<div class="feedback-answer-container">
<div class="feedback-answer yes-link" data-response="yes">Yes</div>
<div class="feedback-answer no-link" data-response="no">No</div>
</div>
<div class="feedback-thank-you">Thanks for your feedback!</div>
</div>
<hr class="feedback-hr-bottom" />
</div>
<div class="side-doc-outline">
<div class="side-doc-outline--content">
<div class="localtoc">
<p class="caption">
<span class="caption-text">Table Of Contents</span>
</p>
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Image Augmentation</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#What-are-the-prerequisites?">What are the prerequisites?</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#Where-can-I-find-the-augmentation-transforms?">Where can I find the augmentation transforms?</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#Sample-Image">Sample Image</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#Spatial-Augmentation">Spatial Augmentation</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#RandomResizedCrop"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomResizedCrop</span></code></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#RandomFlipLeftRight"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomFlipLeftRight</span></code></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#RandomFlipTopBottom"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomFlipTopBottom</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#Color-Augmentation">Color Augmentation</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#RandomBrightness"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomBrightness</span></code></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#RandomContrast"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomContrast</span></code></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#RandomSaturation"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomSaturation</span></code></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#RandomHue"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomHue</span></code></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#RandomColorJitter"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomColorJitter</span></code></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#RandomLighting"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">RandomLighting</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#Composed-Augmentations">Composed Augmentations</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="clearer"></div>
</div><div class="pagenation">
<a id="button-prev" href="index.html" class="mdl-button mdl-js-button mdl-js-ripple-effect mdl-button--colored" role="botton" accesskey="P">
<i class="pagenation-arrow-L fas fa-arrow-left fa-lg"></i>
<div class="pagenation-text">
<span class="pagenation-direction">Previous</span>
<div>Data Tutorials</div>
</div>
</a>
<a id="button-next" href="datasets.html" class="mdl-button mdl-js-button mdl-js-ripple-effect mdl-button--colored" role="botton" accesskey="N">
<i class="pagenation-arrow-R fas fa-arrow-right fa-lg"></i>
<div class="pagenation-text">
<span class="pagenation-direction">Next</span>
<div>Gluon Datasets and DataLoader</div>
</div>
</a>
</div>
<footer class="site-footer h-card">
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-4">
<h4 class="footer-category-title">Resources</h4>
<ul class="contact-list">
<li><a href="https://lists.apache.org/list.html?dev@mxnet.apache.org">Mailing list</a> <a class="u-email" href="mailto:dev-subscribe@mxnet.apache.org">(subscribe)</a></li>
<li><a href="https://discuss.mxnet.io">MXNet Discuss forum</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/apache/mxnet/issues">Github Issues</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/apache/mxnet/projects">Projects</a></li>
<li><a href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MXNET/Apache+MXNet+Home">Developer Wiki</a></li>
<li><a href="/community">Contribute To MXNet</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-4"><ul class="social-media-list"><li><a href="https://github.com/apache/mxnet"><svg class="svg-icon"><use xlink:href="../../../../_static/minima-social-icons.svg#github"></use></svg> <span class="username">apache/mxnet</span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.twitter.com/apachemxnet"><svg class="svg-icon"><use xlink:href="../../../../_static/minima-social-icons.svg#twitter"></use></svg> <span class="username">apachemxnet</span></a></li><li><a href="https://youtube.com/apachemxnet"><svg class="svg-icon"><use xlink:href="../../../../_static/minima-social-icons.svg#youtube"></use></svg> <span class="username">apachemxnet</span></a></li></ul>
</div>
<div class="col-4 footer-text">
<p>A flexible and efficient library for deep learning.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
<footer class="site-footer2">
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-3">
<img src="../../../../_static/apache_incubator_logo.png" class="footer-logo col-2">
</div>
<div class="footer-bottom-warning col-9">
<p>Apache MXNet is an effort undergoing incubation at <a href="http://www.apache.org/">The Apache Software Foundation</a> (ASF), <span style="font-weight:bold">sponsored by the <i>Apache Incubator</i></span>. Incubation is required
of all newly accepted projects until a further review indicates that the infrastructure,
communications, and decision making process have stabilized in a manner consistent with other
successful ASF projects. While incubation status is not necessarily a reflection of the completeness
or stability of the code, it does indicate that the project has yet to be fully endorsed by the ASF.
</p><p>"Copyright © 2017-2018, The Apache Software Foundation Apache MXNet, MXNet, Apache, the Apache
feather, and the Apache MXNet project logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of the
Apache Software Foundation."</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
</body>
</html>