| /* |
| * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more |
| * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with |
| * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. |
| * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 |
| * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with |
| * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at |
| * |
| * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| * |
| * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software |
| * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, |
| * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. |
| * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and |
| * limitations under the License. |
| */ |
| |
| package org.apache.log4j; |
| |
| import org.apache.log4j.helpers.OptionConverter; |
| import org.apache.log4j.helpers.PatternConverter; |
| import org.apache.log4j.pattern.BridgePatternConverter; |
| import org.apache.log4j.spi.LoggingEvent; |
| |
| |
| // Contributors: Nelson Minar <nelson@monkey.org> |
| // Anders Kristensen <akristensen@dynamicsoft.com> |
| |
| /** |
| * This class is an enhanced version of org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout |
| * which was originally developed as part of the abandoned log4j 1.3 |
| * effort and has been available in the extras companion. |
| * This pattern layout should be used in preference to |
| * org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout except when compatibility |
| * where PatternLayout has been extended either through subclassing |
| * or alternative pattern parsers. |
| * |
| * |
| * <p>A flexible layout configurable with pattern string. The goal of this class |
| * is to {@link #format format} a {@link LoggingEvent} and return the results |
| * in a {@link StringBuffer}. The format of the result depends on the |
| * <em>conversion pattern</em>. |
| * <p> |
| * |
| * <p>The conversion pattern is closely related to the conversion |
| * pattern of the printf function in C. A conversion pattern is |
| * composed of literal text and format control expressions called |
| * <em>conversion specifiers</em>. |
| * |
| * <p><i>Note that you are free to insert any literal text within the |
| * conversion pattern.</i> |
| * </p> |
| |
| <p>Each conversion specifier starts with a percent sign (%) and is |
| followed by optional <em>format modifiers</em> and a <em>conversion |
| character</em>. The conversion character specifies the type of |
| data, e.g. category, priority, date, thread name. The format |
| modifiers control such things as field width, padding, left and |
| right justification. The following is a simple example. |
| |
| <p>Let the conversion pattern be <b>"%-5p [%t]: %m%n"</b> and assume |
| that the log4j environment was set to use a EnhancedPatternLayout. Then the |
| statements |
| <pre> |
| Category root = Category.getRoot(); |
| root.debug("Message 1"); |
| root.warn("Message 2"); |
| </pre> |
| would yield the output |
| <pre> |
| DEBUG [main]: Message 1 |
| WARN [main]: Message 2 |
| </pre> |
| |
| <p>Note that there is no explicit separator between text and |
| conversion specifiers. The pattern parser knows when it has reached |
| the end of a conversion specifier when it reads a conversion |
| character. In the example above the conversion specifier |
| <b>%-5p</b> means the priority of the logging event should be left |
| justified to a width of five characters. |
| |
| The recognized conversion characters are |
| |
| <p> |
| <table border="1" CELLPADDING="8"> |
| <th>Conversion Character</th> |
| <th>Effect</th> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>c</b></td> |
| |
| <td>Used to output the category of the logging event. The |
| category conversion specifier can be optionally followed by |
| NameAbbreviator pattern. |
| |
| <p>For example, for the category name "alpha.beta.gamma" the pattern |
| <b>%c{2}</b> will output the last two elements ("beta.gamma"), |
| <b>%c{-2}</b> will remove two elements leaving "gamma", |
| <b>%c{1.}</b> will output "a.b.gamma". |
| |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>C</b></td> |
| |
| <td>Used to output the fully qualified class name of the caller |
| issuing the logging request. This conversion specifier |
| can be optionally followed by <em>precision specifier</em>, that |
| is a decimal constant in brackets. |
| |
| <td>Used to output the category of the logging event. The |
| category conversion specifier can be optionally followed by |
| NameAbbreviator pattern. |
| |
| <p>For example, for the category name "alpha.beta.gamma" the pattern |
| <b>%c{2}</b> will output the last two elements ("beta.gamma"), |
| <b>%c{-2}</b> will remove two elements leaving "gamma", |
| <b>%c{1.}</b> will output "a.b.gamma". |
| |
| <p><b>WARNING</b> Generating the caller class information is |
| slow. Thus, its use should be avoided unless execution speed is |
| not an issue. |
| |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> <td align=center><b>d</b></td> <td>Used to output the date of |
| the logging event. The date conversion specifier may be |
| followed by a set of braces containing a |
| date and time pattern strings {@link java.text.SimpleDateFormat}, |
| <em>ABSOLUTE</em>, <em>DATE</em> or <em>ISO8601</em> |
| and a set of braces containing a time zone id per |
| {@link java.util.TimeZone#getTimeZone(String)}. |
| For example, <b>%d{HH:mm:ss,SSS}</b>, |
| <b>%d{dd MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss,SSS}</b>, |
| <b>%d{DATE}</b> or <b>%d{HH:mm:ss}{GMT+0}</b>. If no date format specifier is given then |
| ISO8601 format is assumed. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>F</b></td> |
| |
| <td>Used to output the file name where the logging request was |
| issued. |
| |
| <p><b>WARNING</b> Generating caller location information is |
| extremely slow and should be avoided unless execution speed |
| is not an issue. |
| |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>l</b></td> |
| |
| <td>Used to output location information of the caller which generated |
| the logging event. |
| |
| <p>The location information depends on the JVM implementation but |
| usually consists of the fully qualified name of the calling |
| method followed by the callers source the file name and line |
| number between parentheses. |
| |
| <p>The location information can be very useful. However, its |
| generation is <em>extremely</em> slow and should be avoided |
| unless execution speed is not an issue. |
| |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>L</b></td> |
| |
| <td>Used to output the line number from where the logging request |
| was issued. |
| |
| <p><b>WARNING</b> Generating caller location information is |
| extremely slow and should be avoided unless execution speed |
| is not an issue. |
| |
| </tr> |
| |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>m</b></td> |
| <td>Used to output the application supplied message associated with |
| the logging event.</td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>M</b></td> |
| |
| <td>Used to output the method name where the logging request was |
| issued. |
| |
| <p><b>WARNING</b> Generating caller location information is |
| extremely slow and should be avoided unless execution speed |
| is not an issue. |
| |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>n</b></td> |
| |
| <td>Outputs the platform dependent line separator character or |
| characters. |
| |
| <p>This conversion character offers practically the same |
| performance as using non-portable line separator strings such as |
| "\n", or "\r\n". Thus, it is the preferred way of specifying a |
| line separator. |
| |
| |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>p</b></td> |
| <td>Used to output the priority of the logging event.</td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| |
| <td align=center><b>r</b></td> |
| |
| <td>Used to output the number of milliseconds elapsed since the construction |
| of the layout until the creation of the logging event.</td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>t</b></td> |
| |
| <td>Used to output the name of the thread that generated the |
| logging event.</td> |
| |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| |
| <td align=center><b>x</b></td> |
| |
| <td>Used to output the NDC (nested diagnostic context) associated |
| with the thread that generated the logging event. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>X</b></td> |
| |
| <td> |
| |
| <p>Used to output the MDC (mapped diagnostic context) associated |
| with the thread that generated the logging event. The <b>X</b> |
| conversion character can be followed by the key for the |
| map placed between braces, as in <b>%X{clientNumber}</b> where |
| <code>clientNumber</code> is the key. The value in the MDC |
| corresponding to the key will be output. If no additional sub-option |
| is specified, then the entire contents of the MDC key value pair set |
| is output using a format {{key1,val1},{key2,val2}}</p> |
| |
| <p>See {@link MDC} class for more details. |
| </p> |
| |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>properties</b></td> |
| |
| <td> |
| <p>Used to output the Properties associated |
| with the logging event. The <b>properties</b> |
| conversion word can be followed by the key for the |
| map placed between braces, as in <b>%properties{application}</b> where |
| <code>application</code> is the key. The value in the Properties bundle |
| corresponding to the key will be output. If no additional sub-option |
| is specified, then the entire contents of the Properties key value pair set |
| is output using a format {{key1,val1},{key2,val2}}</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center><b>throwable</b></td> |
| |
| <td> |
| <p>Used to output the Throwable trace that has been bound to the LoggingEvent, by |
| default this will output the full trace as one would normally |
| find by a call to Throwable.printStackTrace(). |
| <b>%throwable{short}</b> or <b>%throwable{1}</b> will output the first line of |
| stack trace. <b>throwable{none}</b> or <b>throwable{0}</b> will suppress |
| the stack trace. <b>%throwable{n}</b> will output n lines of stack trace |
| if a positive integer or omit the last -n lines if a negative integer. |
| If no %throwable pattern is specified, the appender will take |
| responsibility to output the stack trace as it sees fit.</p> |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| <tr> |
| |
| <td align=center><b>%</b></td> |
| |
| <td>The sequence %% outputs a single percent sign. |
| </td> |
| </tr> |
| |
| </table> |
| |
| <p>By default the relevant information is output as is. However, |
| with the aid of format modifiers it is possible to change the |
| minimum field width, the maximum field width, justification |
| and truncation. |
| |
| <p>The optional format modifiers are placed between the percent sign |
| and the conversion character. |
| |
| <p>The <em>left justification flag</em>, the minus sign (-), |
| the <em>right truncation flag</em>, the exclamation mark (!), |
| or any combination appear first. Followed by the |
| optional <em>minimum field width</em> modifier. This is a decimal |
| constant that represents the minimum number of characters to |
| output. If the data item requires fewer characters, it is padded on |
| either the left or the right until the minimum width is |
| reached. The default is to pad on the left (right justify) but you |
| can specify right padding with the left justification flag. The |
| padding character is space. If the data item is larger than the |
| minimum field width, the field is expanded to accommodate the |
| data. The value is never truncated. |
| |
| <p>This behavior can be changed using the <em>maximum field |
| width</em> modifier which is designated by a period followed by a |
| decimal constant. If the data item is longer than the maximum |
| field, then the extra characters are removed from the |
| <em>beginning</em> of the data item and not from the end. For |
| example, it the maximum field width is eight and the data item is |
| ten characters long, then the first two characters of the data item |
| are dropped. This behavior deviates from the printf function in C |
| where truncation is done from the end. The <em>right truncation flag</em>, |
| described previously, will override this behavior. |
| |
| <p>Below are various format modifier examples for the category |
| conversion specifier. |
| |
| <p> |
| <TABLE BORDER=1 CELLPADDING=8> |
| <th>Format modifier |
| <th>left justify |
| <th>minimum width |
| <th>maximum width |
| <th>comment |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center>%20c</td> |
| <td align=center>false</td> |
| <td align=center>20</td> |
| <td align=center>none</td> |
| |
| <td>Left pad with spaces if the category name is less than 20 |
| characters long. |
| |
| <tr> <td align=center>%-20c</td> <td align=center>true</td> <td |
| align=center>20</td> <td align=center>none</td> <td>Right pad with |
| spaces if the category name is less than 20 characters long. |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center>%.30c</td> |
| <td align=center>NA</td> |
| <td align=center>none</td> |
| <td align=center>30</td> |
| |
| <td>Truncate from the beginning if the category name is longer than 30 |
| characters. |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center>%!.30c</td> |
| <td align=center>NA</td> |
| <td align=center>none</td> |
| <td align=center>30</td> |
| |
| <td>Truncate from the end if the category name is longer than 30 |
| characters. |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center>%20.30c</td> |
| <td align=center>false</td> |
| <td align=center>20</td> |
| <td align=center>30</td> |
| |
| <td>Left pad with spaces if the category name is shorter than 20 |
| characters. However, if category name is longer than 30 characters, |
| then truncate from the beginning. |
| |
| <tr> |
| <td align=center>%-20.30c</td> |
| <td align=center>true</td> |
| <td align=center>20</td> |
| <td align=center>30</td> |
| |
| <td>Right pad with spaces if the category name is shorter than 20 |
| characters. However, if category name is longer than 30 characters, |
| then truncate from the beginning. |
| |
| </table> |
| |
| <p>Below are some examples of conversion patterns. |
| |
| <dl> |
| |
| <p><dt><b>%r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n</b> |
| <p><dd>This is essentially the TTCC layout. |
| |
| <p><dt><b>%-6r [%15.15t] %-5p %30.30c %x - %m%n</b> |
| |
| <p><dd>Similar to the TTCC layout except that the relative time is |
| right padded if less than 6 digits, thread name is right padded if |
| less than 15 characters and truncated if longer and the category |
| name is left padded if shorter than 30 characters and truncated if |
| longer. |
| |
| </dl> |
| |
| <p>The above text is largely inspired from Peter A. Darnell and |
| Philip E. Margolis' highly recommended book "C -- a Software |
| Engineering Approach", ISBN 0-387-97389-3. |
| |
| @author <a href="mailto:cakalijp@Maritz.com">James P. Cakalic</a> |
| @author Ceki Gülcü |
| |
| |
| @since 1.2.16 */ |
| public class EnhancedPatternLayout extends Layout { |
| /** Default pattern string for log output. Currently set to the |
| string <b>"%m%n"</b> which just prints the application supplied |
| message. */ |
| public static final String DEFAULT_CONVERSION_PATTERN = "%m%n"; |
| |
| /** A conversion pattern equivalent to the TTCCCLayout. |
| Current value is <b>%r [%t] %p %c %x - %m%n</b>. */ |
| public static final String TTCC_CONVERSION_PATTERN = |
| "%r [%t] %p %c %x - %m%n"; |
| |
| /** |
| * Initial size of internal buffer, no longer used. |
| * @deprecated since 1.3 |
| */ |
| protected final int BUF_SIZE = 256; |
| |
| /** |
| * Maximum capacity of internal buffer, no longer used. |
| * @deprecated since 1.3 |
| */ |
| protected final int MAX_CAPACITY = 1024; |
| |
| /** |
| * Customized pattern conversion rules are stored under this key in the |
| * {@link org.apache.log4j.spi.LoggerRepository LoggerRepository} object store. |
| */ |
| public static final String PATTERN_RULE_REGISTRY = "PATTERN_RULE_REGISTRY"; |
| |
| |
| /** |
| * Initial converter for pattern. |
| */ |
| private PatternConverter head; |
| |
| /** |
| * Conversion pattern. |
| */ |
| private String conversionPattern; |
| |
| /** |
| * True if any element in pattern formats information from exceptions. |
| */ |
| private boolean handlesExceptions; |
| |
| /** |
| Constructs a EnhancedPatternLayout using the DEFAULT_LAYOUT_PATTERN. |
| |
| The default pattern just produces the application supplied message. |
| */ |
| public EnhancedPatternLayout() { |
| this(DEFAULT_CONVERSION_PATTERN); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Constructs a EnhancedPatternLayout using the supplied conversion pattern. |
| * @param pattern conversion pattern. |
| */ |
| public EnhancedPatternLayout(final String pattern) { |
| this.conversionPattern = pattern; |
| head = createPatternParser( |
| (pattern == null) ? DEFAULT_CONVERSION_PATTERN : pattern).parse(); |
| if (head instanceof BridgePatternConverter) { |
| handlesExceptions = !((BridgePatternConverter) head).ignoresThrowable(); |
| } else { |
| handlesExceptions = false; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Set the <b>ConversionPattern</b> option. This is the string which |
| * controls formatting and consists of a mix of literal content and |
| * conversion specifiers. |
| * |
| * @param conversionPattern conversion pattern. |
| */ |
| public void setConversionPattern(final String conversionPattern) { |
| this.conversionPattern = |
| OptionConverter.convertSpecialChars(conversionPattern); |
| head = createPatternParser(this.conversionPattern).parse(); |
| if (head instanceof BridgePatternConverter) { |
| handlesExceptions = !((BridgePatternConverter) head).ignoresThrowable(); |
| } else { |
| handlesExceptions = false; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Returns the value of the <b>ConversionPattern</b> option. |
| * @return conversion pattern. |
| */ |
| public String getConversionPattern() { |
| return conversionPattern; |
| } |
| |
| |
| /** |
| Returns PatternParser used to parse the conversion string. Subclasses |
| may override this to return a subclass of PatternParser which recognize |
| custom conversion characters. |
| |
| @since 0.9.0 |
| */ |
| protected org.apache.log4j.helpers.PatternParser createPatternParser(String pattern) { |
| return new org.apache.log4j.pattern.BridgePatternParser(pattern); |
| } |
| |
| |
| /** |
| Activates the conversion pattern. Do not forget to call this method after |
| you change the parameters of the EnhancedPatternLayout instance. |
| */ |
| public void activateOptions() { |
| // nothing to do. |
| } |
| |
| |
| /** |
| * Formats a logging event to a writer. |
| * @param event logging event to be formatted. |
| */ |
| public String format(final LoggingEvent event) { |
| StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(); |
| for(PatternConverter c = head; |
| c != null; |
| c = c.next) { |
| c.format(buf, event); |
| } |
| return buf.toString(); |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * Will return false if any of the conversion specifiers in the pattern |
| * handles {@link Exception Exceptions}. |
| * @return true if the pattern formats any information from exceptions. |
| */ |
| public boolean ignoresThrowable() { |
| return !handlesExceptions; |
| } |
| } |