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| <h1>Apache Kudu 1.2.0 Release Notes</h1> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="rn_1.2.0_new_features"><a class="link" href="#rn_1.2.0_new_features">New features</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Kudu clients and servers now redact user data such as cell values |
| from log messages, Java exception messages, and <code>Status</code> strings. |
| User metadata such as table names, column names, and partition |
| bounds are not redacted.</p> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Redaction is enabled by default, but may be disabled by setting the new |
| <code>log_redact_user_data</code> flag to <code>false</code>.</p> |
| </div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Kudu’s ability to provide consistency guarantees has been substantially |
| improved:</p> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Replicas now correctly track their "safe timestamp". This timestamp |
| is the maximum timestamp at which reads are guaranteed to be |
| repeatable.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>A scan created using the <code>SCAN_AT_SNAPSHOT</code> mode will now |
| either wait for the requested snapshot to be "safe" at the replica |
| being scanned, or be re-routed to a replica where the requested |
| snapshot is "safe". This ensures that all such scans are repeatable.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Kudu Tablet Servers now properly retain historical data when a row |
| with a given primary key is inserted and deleted, followed by the |
| insertion of a new row with the same key. Previous versions of Kudu |
| would not retain history in such situations. This allows the server |
| to return correct results for snapshot scans with a timestamp in the |
| past, even in the presence of such "reinsertion" scenarios.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>The Kudu clients now automatically retain the timestamp of their latest |
| successful read or write operation. Scans using the <code>READ_AT_SNAPSHOT</code> mode |
| without a client-provided timestamp automatically assign a timestamp |
| higher than the timestamp of their most recent write. Writes also propagate |
| the timestamp, ensuring that sequences of operations with causal dependencies |
| between them are assigned increasing timestamps. Together, these changes |
| allow clients to achieve read-your-writes consistency, and also ensure |
| that snapshot scans performed by other clients return causally-consistent |
| results.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Kudu servers now automatically limit the number of log files. |
| The number of log files retained can be configured using the |
| <code>max_log_files</code> flag. By default, 10 log files will be retained |
| at each severity level.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_optimizations_and_improvements"><a class="link" href="#_optimizations_and_improvements">Optimizations and improvements</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>The logging in the Java and C++ clients has been substantially quieted. |
| Clients no longer log messages in normal operation unless there |
| is some kind of error.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>The C++ client now includes a <code>KuduSession::SetErrorBufferSpace</code> |
| API which can limit the amount of memory used to buffer |
| errors from asynchronous operations.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>The Java client now fetches tablet locations from the Kudu Master |
| in batches of 1000, increased from batches of 10 in prior versions. |
| This can substantially improve the performance of Spark and Impala |
| queries running against Kudu tables with large numbers of tablets.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Table metadata lock contention in the Kudu Master was substantially |
| reduced. This improves the performance of tablet location lookups on |
| large clusters with a high degree of concurrency.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Lock contention in the Kudu Tablet Server during high-concurrency |
| write workloads was also reduced. This can reduce CPU consumption and |
| improve performance when a large number of concurrent clients are writing |
| to a smaller number of a servers.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Lock contention when writing log messages has been substantially reduced. |
| This source of contention could cause high tail latencies on requests, |
| and when under high load could contribute to cluster instability |
| such as election storms and request timeouts.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>The <code>BITSHUFFLE</code> column encoding has been optimized to use the <code>AVX2</code> |
| instruction set present on processors including Intel® Sandy Bridge |
| and later. Scans on <code>BITSHUFFLE</code>-encoded columns are now up to 30% faster.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>The <code>kudu</code> tool now accepts hyphens as an alternative to underscores |
| when specifying actions. For example, <code>kudu local-replica copy-from-remote</code> |
| may be used as an alternative to <code>kudu local_replica copy_from_remote</code>.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="rn_1.2.0_fixed_issues"><a class="link" href="#rn_1.2.0_fixed_issues">Fixed Issues</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/KUDU-1508">KUDU-1508</a> |
| Fixed a long-standing issue in which running Kudu on <code>ext4</code> file systems |
| could cause file system corruption.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/KUDU-1399">KUDU-1399</a> |
| Implemented an LRU cache for open files, which prevents running out of |
| file descriptors on long-lived Kudu clusters. By default, Kudu will |
| limit its file descriptor usage to half of its configured <code>ulimit</code>.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="http://gerrit.cloudera.org:8080/5192">Gerrit #5192</a> |
| Fixed an issue which caused data corruption and crashes in the case that |
| a table had a non-composite (single-column) primary key, and that column |
| was specified to use <code>DICT_ENCODING</code> or <code>BITSHUFFLE</code> encodings. If a |
| table with an affected schema was written in previous versions of Kudu, |
| the corruption will not be automatically repaired; users are encouraged |
| to re-insert such tables after upgrading to Kudu 1.2 or later.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="http://gerrit.cloudera.org:8080/5541">Gerrit #5541</a> |
| Fixed a bug in the Spark <code>KuduRDD</code> implementation which could cause |
| rows in the result set to be silently skipped in some cases.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/KUDU-1551">KUDU-1551</a> |
| Fixed an issue in which the tablet server would crash on restart in the |
| case that it had previously crashed during the process of allocating |
| a new WAL segment.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/KUDU-1764">KUDU-1764</a> |
| Fixed an issue where Kudu servers would leak approximately 16-32MB of disk |
| space for every 10GB of data written to disk. After upgrading to Kudu |
| 1.2 or later, any disk space leaked in previous versions will be |
| automatically recovered on startup.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/KUDU-1750">KUDU-1750</a> |
| Fixed an issue where the API to drop a range partition would drop any |
| partition with a matching lower <em>or</em> upper bound, rather than any partition |
| with matching lower <em>and</em> upper bound.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/KUDU-1766">KUDU-1766</a> |
| Fixed an issue in the Java client where equality predicates which compared |
| an integer column to its maximum possible value (e.g. <code>Integer.MAX_VALUE</code>) |
| would return incorrect results.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/KUDU-1780">KUDU-1780</a> |
| Fixed the <code>kudu-client</code> Java artifact to properly shade classes in the |
| <code>com.google.thirdparty</code> namespace. The lack of proper shading in prior |
| releases could cause conflicts with certain versions of Google Guava.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="http://gerrit.cloudera.org:8080/5327">Gerrit #5327</a> |
| Fixed shading issues in the <code>kudu-flume-sink</code> Java artifact. The sink |
| now expects that Hadoop dependencies are provided by Flume, and properly |
| shades the Kudu client’s dependencies.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Fixed a few issues using the Python client library from Python 3.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="rn_1.2.0_wire_compatibility"><a class="link" href="#rn_1.2.0_wire_compatibility">Wire Protocol compatibility</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Kudu 1.2.0 is wire-compatible with previous versions of Kudu:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>Kudu 1.2 clients may connect to servers running Kudu 1.0. If the client uses features |
| that are not available on the target server, an error will be returned.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Kudu 1.0 clients may connect to servers running Kudu 1.2 without limitations.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>Rolling upgrade between Kudu 1.1 and Kudu 1.2 servers is believed to be possible |
| though has not been sufficiently tested. Users are encouraged to shut down all nodes |
| in the cluster, upgrade the software, and then restart the daemons on the new version.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="rn_1.2.0_incompatible_changes"><a class="link" href="#rn_1.2.0_incompatible_changes">Incompatible Changes in Kudu 1.2.0</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>The replication factor of tables is now limited to a maximum of 7. In addition, |
| it is no longer allowed to create a table with an even replication factor.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>The <code>GROUP_VARINT</code> encoding is now deprecated. Kudu servers have never supported |
| this encoding, and now the client-side constant has been deprecated to match the |
| server’s capabilities.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="_new_restrictions_on_data_schemas_and_identifiers"><a class="link" href="#_new_restrictions_on_data_schemas_and_identifiers">New Restrictions on Data, Schemas, and Identifiers</a></h3> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Kudu 1.2.0 introduces several new restrictions on schemas, cell size, and identifiers:</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="dlist"> |
| <dl> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">Number of Columns</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>By default, Kudu will not permit the creation of tables with |
| more than 300 columns. We recommend schema designs that use fewer columns for best |
| performance.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">Size of Cells</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>No individual cell may be larger than 64KB. The cells making up a |
| a composite key are limited to a total of 16KB after the internal composite-key encoding |
| done by Kudu. Inserting rows not conforming to these limitations will result in errors |
| being returned to the client.</p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt class="hdlist1">Valid Identifiers</dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>Identifiers such as column and table names are now restricted to |
| be valid UTF-8 strings. Additionally, a maximum length of 256 characters is enforced.</p> |
| </dd> |
| </dl> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect2"> |
| <h3 id="rn_1.2.0_client_compatibility"><a class="link" href="#rn_1.2.0_client_compatibility">Client Library Compatibility</a></h3> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p>The Kudu 1.2 Java client is API- and ABI-compatible with Kudu 1.1. Applications |
| written against Kudu 1.1 will compile and run against the Kudu 1.2 client and |
| vice-versa.</p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>The Kudu 1.2 C++ client is API- and ABI-forward-compatible with Kudu 1.1. |
| Applications written and compiled against the Kudu 1.1 client will run without |
| modification against the Kudu 1.2 client. Applications written and compiled |
| against the Kudu 1.2 client will run without modification against the Kudu 1.1 |
| client unless they use one of the following new APIs:</p> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>kudu::DisableSaslInitialization()</code></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><code>KuduSession::SetErrorBufferSpace(…​)</code></p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p>The Kudu 1.2 Python client is API-compatible with Kudu 1.1. Applications |
| written against Kudu 1.1 will continue to run against the Kudu 1.2 client |
| and vice-versa.</p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="rn_1.2.0_known_issues"><a class="link" href="#rn_1.2.0_known_issues">Known Issues and Limitations</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>Please refer to the <a href="known_issues.html">Known Issues and Limitations</a> section of the |
| documentation.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="resources_and_next_steps"><a class="link" href="#resources_and_next_steps">Resources</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="http://kudu.apache.org">Kudu Website</a></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="http://github.com/apache/kudu">Kudu GitHub Repository</a></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="index.html">Kudu Documentation</a></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="prior_release_notes.html">Release notes for older releases</a></p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_installation_options"><a class="link" href="#_installation_options">Installation Options</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="paragraph"> |
| <p>For full installation details, see <a href="installation.html">Kudu Installation</a>.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="sect1"> |
| <h2 id="_next_steps"><a class="link" href="#_next_steps">Next Steps</a></h2> |
| <div class="sectionbody"> |
| <div class="ulist"> |
| <ul> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="quickstart.html">Kudu Quickstart</a></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="installation.html">Installing Kudu</a></p> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <p><a href="configuration.html">Configuring Kudu</a></p> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="col-md-3"> |
| |
| <div id="toc" data-spy="affix" data-offset-top="70"> |
| <ul> |
| |
| <li> |
| |
| <a href="index.html">Introducing Kudu</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| <span class="active-toc">Kudu Release Notes</span> |
| <ul class="sectlevel1"> |
| <li><a href="#rn_1.2.0_new_features">New features</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#_optimizations_and_improvements">Optimizations and improvements</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#rn_1.2.0_fixed_issues">Fixed Issues</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#rn_1.2.0_wire_compatibility">Wire Protocol compatibility</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#rn_1.2.0_incompatible_changes">Incompatible Changes in Kudu 1.2.0</a> |
| <ul class="sectlevel2"> |
| <li><a href="#_new_restrictions_on_data_schemas_and_identifiers">New Restrictions on Data, Schemas, and Identifiers</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#rn_1.2.0_client_compatibility">Client Library Compatibility</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li><a href="#rn_1.2.0_known_issues">Known Issues and Limitations</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#resources_and_next_steps">Resources</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#_installation_options">Installation Options</a></li> |
| <li><a href="#_next_steps">Next Steps</a></li> |
| </ul> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <a href="quickstart.html">Getting Started with Kudu</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <a href="installation.html">Installation Guide</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <a href="configuration.html">Configuring Kudu</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
| |
| <a href="kudu_impala_integration.html">Using Impala with Kudu</a> |
| </li> |
| <li> |
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