juneau-core/juneau-marshall/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/urlencoding/UrlEncodingParser.java

// ***************************************************************************************************************************
// * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file *
// * distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file        *
// * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance            *
// * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at                                                              *
// *                                                                                                                         *
// *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                                                                             *
// *                                                                                                                         *
// * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an  *
// * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the        *
// * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.                                              *
// ***************************************************************************************************************************
package org.apache.juneau.urlencoding;

import static org.apache.juneau.collections.JsonMap.*;
import java.lang.annotation.*;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.nio.charset.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;

import org.apache.juneau.*;
import org.apache.juneau.collections.*;
import org.apache.juneau.internal.*;
import org.apache.juneau.uon.*;
import org.apache.juneau.utils.*;

/**
 * Parses URL-encoded text into POJO models.
 *
 * <h5 class='topic'>Media types</h5>
 * <p>
 * Handles <c>Content-Type</c> types:  <bc>application/x-www-form-urlencoded</bc>
 *
 * <h5 class='topic'>Description</h5>
 * <p>
 * Parses URL-Encoded text (e.g. <js>"foo=bar&amp;baz=bing"</js>) into POJOs.
 *
 * <p>
 * Expects parameter values to be in UON notation.
 *
 * <p>
 * This parser uses a state machine, which makes it very fast and efficient.
 *
 * <h5 class='section'>Notes:</h5><ul>
 * 	<li class='note'>This class is thread safe and reusable.
 * </ul>
 *
 * <h5 class='section'>See Also:</h5><ul>
 * 	<li class='link'><a class="doclink" href="../../../../index.html#jm.UrlEncodingDetails">URL-Encoding Details</a>
 * </ul>
 */
public class UrlEncodingParser extends UonParser implements UrlEncodingMetaProvider {

	//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	// Static
	//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	/** Reusable instance of {@link UrlEncodingParser}. */
	public static final UrlEncodingParser DEFAULT = new UrlEncodingParser(create());

	/**
	 * Creates a new builder for this object.
	 *
	 * @return A new builder.
	 */
	public static Builder create() {
		return new Builder();
	}

	//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	// Builder
	//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	/**
	 * Builder class.
	 */
	@FluentSetters
	public static class Builder extends UonParser.Builder {

		private static final Cache<HashKey,UrlEncodingParser> CACHE = Cache.of(HashKey.class, UrlEncodingParser.class).build();

		boolean expandedParams;

		/**
		 * Constructor, default settings.
		 */
		protected Builder() {
			decoding();
			consumes("application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
			expandedParams = env("UrlEncoding.expandedParams", false);
		}

		/**
		 * Copy constructor.
		 *
		 * @param copyFrom The bean to copy from.
		 */
		protected Builder(UrlEncodingParser copyFrom) {
			super(copyFrom);
			expandedParams = copyFrom.expandedParams;
		}

		/**
		 * Copy constructor.
		 *
		 * @param copyFrom The builder to copy from.
		 */
		protected Builder(Builder copyFrom) {
			super(copyFrom);
			expandedParams = copyFrom.expandedParams;
		}

		@Override /* Context.Builder */
		public Builder copy() {
			return new Builder(this);
		}

		@Override /* Context.Builder */
		public UrlEncodingParser build() {
			return cache(CACHE).build(UrlEncodingParser.class);
		}

		@Override /* Context.Builder */
		public HashKey hashKey() {
			return HashKey.of(
				super.hashKey(),
				expandedParams
			);
		}

		//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
		// Properties
		//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

		/**
		 * Serialize bean property collections/arrays as separate key/value pairs.
		 *
		 * <p>
		 * This is the parser-side equivalent of the {@link UrlEncodingSerializer.Builder#expandedParams()} setting.
		 *
		 * <p>
		 * If <jk>false</jk>, serializing the array <c>[1,2,3]</c> results in <c>?key=$a(1,2,3)</c>.
		 * <br>If <jk>true</jk>, serializing the same array results in <c>?key=1&amp;key=2&amp;key=3</c>.
		 *
		 * <h5 class='section'>Example:</h5>
		 * <p class='bjava'>
		 * 	<jk>public class</jk> MyBean {
		 * 		<jk>public</jk> String[] <jf>f1</jf>;
		 * 		<jk>public</jk> List&lt;String&gt; <jf>f2</jf>;
		 * 	}
		 *
		 * 	UrlEncodingParser <jv>parser1</jv> = UrlEncodingParser.<jsf>DEFAULT</jsf>;
		 * 	UrlEncodingParser <jv>parser2</jv> = UrlEncodingParser.<jsm>create</jsm>().expandedParams().build();
		 *
		 * 	MyBean <jv>myBean1</jv> = <jv>parser1</jv>.parse(<js>"f1=@(a,b)&amp;f2=@(c,d)"</js>, A.<jk>class</jk>);
		 *
		 * 	MyBean <jv>myBean2</jv> = <jv>parser2</jv>.parse(<js>"f1=a&amp;f1=b&amp;f2=c&amp;f2=d"</js>, A.<jk>class</jk>);
		 * </p>
		 *
		 * <p>
		 * This option only applies to beans.
		 *
		 * <h5 class='section'>Notes:</h5><ul>
		 * 	<li class='note'>
		 * 		If parsing multi-part parameters, it's highly recommended to use Collections or Lists
		 * 		as bean property types instead of arrays since arrays have to be recreated from scratch every time a value
		 * 		is added to it.
		 * </ul>
		 *
		 * @return This object.
		 */
		@FluentSetter
		public Builder expandedParams() {
			return expandedParams(true);
		}

		/**
		 * Same as {@link #expandedParams()} but allows you to explicitly specify the value.
		 *
		 * @param value The value for this setting.
		 * @return This object.
		 */
		@FluentSetter
		public Builder expandedParams(boolean value) {
			expandedParams = value;
			return this;
		}

		// <FluentSetters>

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.Context.Builder */
		public Builder annotations(Annotation...values) {
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.Context.Builder */
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.Context.Builder */
		public Builder applyAnnotations(java.lang.Class<?>...fromClasses) {
			super.applyAnnotations(fromClasses);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.Context.Builder */
		public Builder applyAnnotations(Method...fromMethods) {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.Context.Builder */
		public Builder cache(Cache<HashKey,? extends org.apache.juneau.Context> value) {
			super.cache(value);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.Context.Builder */
		public Builder debug() {
			super.debug();
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.Context.Builder */
		public Builder debug(boolean value) {
			super.debug(value);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.Context.Builder */
		public Builder impl(Context value) {
			super.impl(value);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.Context.Builder */
		public Builder type(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.Context> value) {
			super.type(value);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanClassVisibility(Visibility value) {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanConstructorVisibility(Visibility value) {
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		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanContext(BeanContext value) {
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanContext(BeanContext.Builder value) {
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanDictionary(java.lang.Class<?>...values) {
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanFieldVisibility(Visibility value) {
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanInterceptor(Class<?> on, Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.swap.BeanInterceptor<?>> value) {
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanProperties(String beanClassName, String properties) {
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanPropertiesExcludes(Map<String,Object> values) {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanPropertiesExcludes(Class<?> beanClass, String properties) {
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanPropertiesExcludes(String beanClassName, String properties) {
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanPropertiesReadOnly(Map<String,Object> values) {
			super.beanPropertiesReadOnly(values);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanPropertiesReadOnly(Class<?> beanClass, String properties) {
			super.beanPropertiesReadOnly(beanClass, properties);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanPropertiesReadOnly(String beanClassName, String properties) {
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			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanPropertiesWriteOnly(Map<String,Object> values) {
			super.beanPropertiesWriteOnly(values);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanPropertiesWriteOnly(Class<?> beanClass, String properties) {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beanPropertiesWriteOnly(String beanClassName, String properties) {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beansRequireSerializable() {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder beansRequireSettersForGetters() {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder dictionaryOn(Class<?> on, java.lang.Class<?>...values) {
			super.dictionaryOn(on, values);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder disableBeansRequireSomeProperties() {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder disableIgnoreMissingSetters() {
			super.disableIgnoreMissingSetters();
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder disableIgnoreTransientFields() {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder disableIgnoreUnknownNullBeanProperties() {
			super.disableIgnoreUnknownNullBeanProperties();
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder disableInterfaceProxies() {
			super.disableInterfaceProxies();
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public <T> Builder example(Class<T> pojoClass, T o) {
			super.example(pojoClass, o);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public <T> Builder example(Class<T> pojoClass, String json) {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder findFluentSetters() {
			super.findFluentSetters();
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder findFluentSetters(Class<?> on) {
			super.findFluentSetters(on);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder ignoreInvocationExceptionsOnGetters() {
			super.ignoreInvocationExceptionsOnGetters();
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder ignoreInvocationExceptionsOnSetters() {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder ignoreUnknownBeanProperties() {
			super.ignoreUnknownBeanProperties();
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder ignoreUnknownEnumValues() {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder implClass(Class<?> interfaceClass, Class<?> implClass) {
			super.implClass(interfaceClass, implClass);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder implClasses(Map<Class<?>,Class<?>> values) {
			super.implClasses(values);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder interfaceClass(Class<?> on, Class<?> value) {
			super.interfaceClass(on, value);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder interfaces(java.lang.Class<?>...value) {
			super.interfaces(value);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder locale(Locale value) {
			super.locale(value);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder mediaType(MediaType value) {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder notBeanClasses(java.lang.Class<?>...values) {
			super.notBeanClasses(values);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder propertyNamer(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.PropertyNamer> value) {
			super.propertyNamer(value);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder propertyNamer(Class<?> on, Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.PropertyNamer> value) {
			super.propertyNamer(on, value);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder sortProperties() {
			super.sortProperties();
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder sortProperties(java.lang.Class<?>...on) {
			super.sortProperties(on);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder stopClass(Class<?> on, Class<?> value) {
			super.stopClass(on, value);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public <T, S> Builder swap(Class<T> normalClass, Class<S> swappedClass, ThrowingFunction<T,S> swapFunction) {
			super.swap(normalClass, swappedClass, swapFunction);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public <T, S> Builder swap(Class<T> normalClass, Class<S> swappedClass, ThrowingFunction<T,S> swapFunction, ThrowingFunction<S,T> unswapFunction) {
			super.swap(normalClass, swappedClass, swapFunction, unswapFunction);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder swaps(java.lang.Class<?>...values) {
			super.swaps(values);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder timeZone(TimeZone value) {
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder typeName(Class<?> on, String value) {
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			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder typePropertyName(String value) {
			super.typePropertyName(value);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder typePropertyName(Class<?> on, String value) {
			super.typePropertyName(on, value);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder useEnumNames() {
			super.useEnumNames();
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.BeanContextable.Builder */
		public Builder useJavaBeanIntrospector() {
			super.useJavaBeanIntrospector();
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser.Builder */
		public Builder autoCloseStreams() {
			super.autoCloseStreams();
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser.Builder */
		public Builder autoCloseStreams(boolean value) {
			super.autoCloseStreams(value);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser.Builder */
		public Builder consumes(String value) {
			super.consumes(value);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser.Builder */
		public Builder debugOutputLines(int value) {
			super.debugOutputLines(value);
			return this;
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		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser.Builder */
		public Builder listener(Class<? extends org.apache.juneau.parser.ParserListener> value) {
			super.listener(value);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser.Builder */
		public Builder strict() {
			super.strict();
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser.Builder */
		public Builder strict(boolean value) {
			super.strict(value);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser.Builder */
		public Builder trimStrings() {
			super.trimStrings();
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser.Builder */
		public Builder trimStrings(boolean value) {
			super.trimStrings(value);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser.Builder */
		public Builder unbuffered() {
			super.unbuffered();
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.Parser.Builder */
		public Builder unbuffered(boolean value) {
			super.unbuffered(value);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.ReaderParser.Builder */
		public Builder fileCharset(Charset value) {
			super.fileCharset(value);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.parser.ReaderParser.Builder */
		public Builder streamCharset(Charset value) {
			super.streamCharset(value);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.uon.UonParser.Builder */
		public Builder decoding() {
			super.decoding();
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.uon.UonParser.Builder */
		public Builder decoding(boolean value) {
			super.decoding(value);
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.uon.UonParser.Builder */
		public Builder validateEnd() {
			super.validateEnd();
			return this;
		}

		@Override /* GENERATED - org.apache.juneau.uon.UonParser.Builder */
		public Builder validateEnd(boolean value) {
			super.validateEnd(value);
			return this;
		}

		// </FluentSetters>
	}

	//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	// Instance
	//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	final boolean expandedParams;

	private final Map<ClassMeta<?>,UrlEncodingClassMeta> urlEncodingClassMetas = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
	private final Map<BeanPropertyMeta,UrlEncodingBeanPropertyMeta> urlEncodingBeanPropertyMetas = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 *
	 * @param builder The builder for this object.
	 */
	public UrlEncodingParser(Builder builder) {
		super(builder);
		expandedParams = builder.expandedParams;
	}

	@Override /* Context */
	public Builder copy() {
		return new Builder(this);
	}

	@Override /* Context */
	public UrlEncodingParserSession.Builder createSession() {
		return UrlEncodingParserSession.create(this);
	}

	@Override /* Context */
	public UrlEncodingParserSession getSession() {
		return createSession().build();
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	// Extended metadata
	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	@Override /* UrlEncodingMetaProvider */
	public UrlEncodingClassMeta getUrlEncodingClassMeta(ClassMeta<?> cm) {
		UrlEncodingClassMeta m = urlEncodingClassMetas.get(cm);
		if (m == null) {
			m = new UrlEncodingClassMeta(cm, this);
			urlEncodingClassMetas.put(cm, m);
		}
		return m;
	}

	@Override /* UrlEncodingMetaProvider */
	public UrlEncodingBeanPropertyMeta getUrlEncodingBeanPropertyMeta(BeanPropertyMeta bpm) {
		if (bpm == null)
			return UrlEncodingBeanPropertyMeta.DEFAULT;
		UrlEncodingBeanPropertyMeta m = urlEncodingBeanPropertyMetas.get(bpm);
		if (m == null) {
			m = new UrlEncodingBeanPropertyMeta(bpm.getDelegateFor(), this);
			urlEncodingBeanPropertyMetas.put(bpm, m);
		}
		return m;
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	// Properties
	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	/**
	 * Parser bean property collections/arrays as separate key/value pairs.
	 *
	 * @see Builder#expandedParams()
	 * @return
	 * <jk>false</jk> if serializing the array <c>[1,2,3]</c> results in <c>?key=$a(1,2,3)</c>.
	 * <br><jk>true</jk> if serializing the same array results in <c>?key=1&amp;key=2&amp;key=3</c>.
	 */
	protected final boolean isExpandedParams() {
		return expandedParams;
	}

	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
	// Other methods
	//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

	@Override /* Context */
	protected JsonMap properties() {
		return filteredMap("expandedParams", expandedParams);
	}
}