juneau-core/juneau-marshall/src/main/java/org/apache/juneau/http/Host.java

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package org.apache.juneau.http;

import org.apache.juneau.http.annotation.*;

/**
 * Represents a parsed <l>Host</l> HTTP request header.
 *
 * <p>
 * The domain name of the server (for virtual hosting), and the TCP port number on which the server is listening.
 * The port number may be omitted if the port is the standard port for the service requested.
 * Mandatory since HTTP/1.1.
 *
 * <h5 class='figure'>Example</h5>
 * <p class='bcode w800'>
 * 	Host: en.wikipedia.org:8080
 * 	Host: en.wikipedia.org
 * </p>
 *
 * <h5 class='topic'>RFC2616 Specification</h5>
 *
 * The Host request-header field specifies the Internet host and port number of the resource being requested, as
 * obtained from the original URI given by the user or referring resource (generally an HTTP URL, as described in
 * section 3.2.2).
 * The Host field value MUST represent the naming authority of the origin server or gateway given by the original URL.
 * This allows the origin server or gateway to differentiate between internally-ambiguous URLs, such as the root "/" URL
 * of a server for multiple host names on a single IP address.
 *
 * <p class='bcode w800'>
 * 	Host = "Host" ":" host [ ":" port ] ; Section 3.2.2
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 * A "host" without any trailing port information implies the default port for the service requested (e.g., "80" for an
 * HTTP URL).
 * For example, a request on the origin server for &lt;http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/&gt; would properly include:
 * <p class='bcode w800'>
 * 	GET /pub/WWW/ HTTP/1.1
 * 	Host: www.w3.org
 * </p>
 *
 * <p>
 * A client MUST include a Host header field in all HTTP/1.1 request messages.
 * If the requested URI does not include an Internet host name for the service being requested, then the Host header
 * field MUST be given with an empty value.
 * An HTTP/1.1 proxy MUST ensure that any request message it forwards does contain an appropriate Host header field that
 * identifies the service being requested by the proxy.
 * All Internet-based HTTP/1.1 servers MUST respond with a 400 (Bad Request) status code to any HTTP/1.1 request
 * message which lacks a Host header field.
 *
 * <p>
 * See sections 5.2 and 19.6.1.1 for other requirements relating to Host.
 *
 * <ul class='seealso'>
 * 	<li class='extlink'>{@doc RFC2616}
 * </ul>
 */
@Header("Host")
public final class Host extends HeaderString {

	/**
	 * Returns a parsed <c>Host</c> header.
	 *
	 * @param value The <c>Host</c> header string.
	 * @return The parsed <c>Host</c> header, or <jk>null</jk> if the string was null.
	 */
	public static Host forString(String value) {
		if (value == null)
			return null;
		return new Host(value);
	}

	private Host(String value) {
		super(value);
	}
}