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class="icon timer-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="timer icon" name="timer"><path d="M799.387 122.15c4.402-2.978 7.38-7.897 7.38-13.463v-1.165c0-8.933-7.38-16.312-16.312-16.312H256.33c-8.933 0-16.311 7.38-16.311 16.312v1.165c0 5.825 2.977 10.874 7.637 13.592 4.143 194.44 97.22 354.963 220.201 392.763-122.204 37.542-214.893 196.511-220.2 389.397-4.661 5.049-7.638 11.651-7.638 19.03v5.825h566.49v-5.825c0-7.379-2.849-13.981-7.509-18.9-5.049-193.016-97.867-351.985-220.2-389.527 123.24-37.67 216.446-198.453 220.588-392.892zM531.16 450.445v352.632c117.674 1.553 211.787 40.778 211.787 88.676H304.097c0-48.286 95.149-87.382 213.728-88.676V450.445c-93.077-3.107-167.901-81.297-167.901-177.093 0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.793-15.793 8.803 0 15.794 6.99 15.794 15.793 0 80.261 63.69 145.635 142.01 145.635s142.011-65.374 142.011-145.635c0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.794-15.793s15.793 6.99 15.793 15.793c0 95.019-73.789 172.82-165.96 177.093z"></path></svg><span>About 8 min</span><meta property="timeRequired" content="PT8M"></span><!----><!----></div><hr></div><!----><div class="" vp-content><!----><div id="markdown-content"><h1 id="query-performance-analysis" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#query-performance-analysis"><span>Query Performance Analysis</span></a></h1><p>Query analysis helps users understand query execution mechanisms and identify performance bottlenecks, facilitating optimization and improving efficiency. This directly enhances user experience and resource utilization. IoTDB provides two query analysis statements: <strong><code>EXPLAIN</code></strong> and <strong><code>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</code></strong>.</p><ul><li><strong><code>EXPLAIN</code></strong>: Displays the query execution plan, detailing how IoTDB retrieves and processes data.</li><li><strong><code>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</code></strong>: Executes the query and provides detailed performance metrics, such as execution time and resource consumption. Unlike other diagnostic tools, it requires no deployment and focuses on single-query analysis for precise troubleshooting.</li></ul><p><strong>Performance Analysis Methods Comparison</strong></p><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left;"><strong>Method</strong></th><th style="text-align:left;"><strong>Installation Difficulty</strong></th><th style="text-align:left;"><strong>Business Impact</strong></th><th style="text-align:left;"><strong>Functional Scope</strong></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left;"><strong>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</strong></td><td style="text-align:left;"><strong>Low.</strong> No additional components required; built-in SQL statement in IoTDB.</td><td style="text-align:left;"><strong>Low.</strong> Impacts only the analyzed query, with no effect on other workloads.</td><td style="text-align:left;"><strong>Supports cluster systems.</strong> Enables tracing for a single SQL query.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;"><strong>Monitoring Dashboard</strong></td><td style="text-align:left;"><strong>Medium.</strong> Requires installation of IoTDB monitoring dashboard tool (TimechoDB) and enabling monitoring services.</td><td style="text-align:left;"><strong>Medium.</strong> Metrics collection introduces additional overhead.</td><td style="text-align:left;"><strong>Supports cluster systems.</strong> Analyzes overall database query load and latency.</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left;"><strong>Arthas Sampling</strong></td><td style="text-align:left;"><strong>Medium.</strong> Requires Java Arthas installation (may be restricted in internal networks; sometimes requires application restart).</td><td style="text-align:left;"><strong>High.</strong> May degrade response speed of online services due to CPU sampling.</td><td style="text-align:left;"><strong>Does n****ot supports cluster systems.</strong> Analyzes overall database query load and latency.</td></tr></tbody></table><h2 id="_1-explain-statement" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-explain-statement"><span>1. EXPLAIN Statement</span></a></h2><h3 id="_1-1-syntax" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-1-syntax"><span>1.1 Syntax</span></a></h3><p>The <code>EXPLAIN</code> command allows users to view the execution plan of an SQL query. It presents the plan as a series of operators, illustrating how IoTDB processes the query. The syntax is as follows, where <code><SELECT_STATEMENT></code> represents the target query:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">EXPLAIN </span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"><</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">SELECT_STATEMENT</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">></span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="_1-2-description" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-2-description"><span>1.2 Description</span></a></h3><p>The result of <code>EXPLAIN</code> includes information such as data access strategies, whether filtering conditions are pushed down, and the distribution of the query plan across different nodes. This provides users with a means to visualize the internal execution logic of the query.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Create database </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">CREATE</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> DATABASE</span><span style="color:#61AFEF;"> test</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">; </span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Create table </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">USE</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> test; </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">CREATE</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> TABLE</span><span style="color:#61AFEF;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> (device_id STRING ID, </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">type</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> STRING ATTRIBUTE, speed </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FLOAT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">); </span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Insert data </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">INSERT INTO</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> t1(device_id, </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">type</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, speed) </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">VALUES</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(</span><span style="color:#98C379;">'car_1'</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span><span style="color:#98C379;">'Model Y'</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">120</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">); </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">INSERT INTO</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> t1(device_id, </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">type</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, speed) </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">VALUES</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(</span><span style="color:#98C379;">'car_2'</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span><span style="color:#98C379;">'Model 3'</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">); </span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Execute EXPLAIN </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">EXPLAIN </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> * </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> t1;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>The result shows that IoTDB retrieves data from different data partitions through two <code>TableScan</code> nodes and aggregates the data using a <code>Collect</code> operator before returning it:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">distribution</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> plan| </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| │OutputNode-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">4</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| │OutputColumns-</span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[time, device_id, type, speed]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| │OutputSymbols: </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[time, device_id, type, speed]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">│ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| └─────────────────────────────────────────────┘ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| │ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| │ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| │Collect-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">21</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| │OutputSymbols: </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[time, device_id, type, speed]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">│ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| └─────────────────────────────────────────────┘ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| ┌───────────────────────┴───────────────────────┐ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| │ │ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐ ┌───────────┐ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|│TableScan-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">19</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │ │Exchange-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">28</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">│ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|│QualifiedTableName: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">test</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │ └───────────┘ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|│OutputSymbols: </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[time, device_id, type, speed]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">│ │ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|│DeviceNumber: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │ │ | </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|│ScanOrder: </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ASC</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │ ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐| </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|│PushDownOffset: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │ │TableScan-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">20</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │| </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|│PushDownLimit: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │ │QualifiedTableName: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">test</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │| </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|│PushDownLimitToEachDevice: false │ │OutputSymbols: </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[time, device_id, type, speed]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">│| </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|│RegionId: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │ │DeviceNumber: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │| </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │ScanOrder: </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ASC</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │| </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| │PushDownOffset: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │| </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| │PushDownLimit: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │| </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| │PushDownLimitToEachDevice: false │| </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| │RegionId: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> │| </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| └─────────────────────────────────────────────┘| </span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="_2-explain-analyze-statement" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-explain-analyze-statement"><span>2. EXPLAIN ANALYZE Statement</span></a></h2><h3 id="_2-1-syntax" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-1-syntax"><span>2.1 Syntax</span></a></h3><p>The <code>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</code> statement provides detailed performance metrics by executing the query and analyzing its runtime behavior. The syntax is as follows:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">EXPLAIN ANALYZE </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[VERBOSE]</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> <</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">SELECT_STATEMENT</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">></span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li><code>SELECT_STATEMENT</code> corresponds to the query statement to be analyzed.</li><li><code>VERBOSE</code> (optional): Prints detailed analysis results. Without this option, some metrics are omitted.</li></ul><h3 id="_2-2-description" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-2-description"><span>2.2 Description</span></a></h3><p><code>Explain Analyze</code> is a performance analysis SQL built into the IoTDB query engine. Unlike <code>Explain</code>, it runs the query and collects execution metrics, enabling users to trace performance bottlenecks, observe resource usage, and conduct precise performance tuning.</p><p>The output includes detailed statistics such as query planning time, execution time, data partitioning, and resource consumption:</p><figure><img src="/img/explain-analyze-1.png" alt="" tabindex="0" loading="lazy"><figcaption></figcaption></figure><h3 id="_2-3-detailed-breakdown-of-explain-analyze-results" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-3-detailed-breakdown-of-explain-analyze-results"><span>2.3 Detailed Breakdown of EXPLAIN ANALYZE Results</span></a></h3><h4 id="querystatistics" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#querystatistics"><span>QueryStatistics</span></a></h4><p><code>QueryStatistics</code> contains high-level statistics about the query execution, including the time spent in each planning stage and the number of query shards.</p><ul><li>Analyze Cost: Time spent in the SQL analysis phase, including <code>FetchPartitionCost</code> and <code>FetchSchemaCost</code>.</li><li>Fetch Partition Cost: Time spent fetching partition tables.</li><li>Fetch Schema Cost: Time spent fetching schema and performing permission checks.</li><li>Logical Plan Cost: Time spent building the logical plan.</li><li>Logical Optimization Cost: Time spent optimizing the logical plan.</li><li>Distribution Plan Cost: Time spent building the distributed execution plan.</li><li>Fragment Instance Count: The total number of query shards. Each shard's information is output individually.</li></ul><h4 id="fragmentinstance" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fragmentinstance"><span>FragmentInstance</span></a></h4><p>A <code>FragmentInstance</code> is a wrapper for a query shard in IoTDB. Each query shard outputs its execution information in the result set, including <code>FragmentStatistics</code> and operator information. <code>FragmentStatistics</code> provides detailed metrics about the shard's execution, including:</p><ul><li>Total Wall Time: The physical time from the start to the end of the shard's execution.</li><li>Cost of initDataQuerySource: Time spent building the query file list.</li><li>Seq File (unclosed): Number of unclosed (memtable) sequential files.</li><li>Seq File (closed): Number of closed sequential files.</li><li>UnSeq File (unclosed): Number of unclosed (memtable) unsequential files.</li><li>UnSeq File (closed): Number of closed unsequential files.</li><li>Ready Queued Time: Total time the shard's tasks spent in the ready queue (tasks are not blocked but lack query execution thread resources).</li><li>Blocked Queued Time: Total time the shard's tasks spent in the blocked queue (tasks are blocked due to resources like memory or upstream data not being sent).</li></ul><h4 id="bloomfilter-related-metrics" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bloomfilter-related-metrics"><span>BloomFilter-Related Metrics</span></a></h4><p>Bloom filters help determine if a sequence exists in a TsFile. They are stored at the end of each TsFile.</p><ul><li>loadBloomFilterFromCacheCount: Number of times the BloomFilterCache was hit.</li><li>loadBloomFilterFromDiskCount: Number of times BloomFilter was read from disk.</li><li>loadBloomFilterActualIOSize: Disk I/O used when reading BloomFilter (in bytes).</li><li>loadBloomFilterTime: Total time spent reading BloomFilter and checking if a sequence exists (in milliseconds).</li></ul><h4 id="timeseriesmetadata-related-metrics" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#timeseriesmetadata-related-metrics"><span>TimeSeriesMetadata-Related Metrics</span></a></h4><p>TimeSeriesMetadata contains indexing information for sequences in a TsFile. Each TsFile has one metadata entry per sequence.</p><ul><li>loadTimeSeriesMetadataDiskSeqCount: Number of TimeSeriesMetadata entries loaded from closed sequential files. <ul><li>Usually equals the number of closed sequential files but may be lower if operators like <code>LIMIT</code> are applied.</li></ul></li><li>loadTimeSeriesMetadataDiskUnSeqCount: Number of TimeSeriesMetadata entries loaded from closed unsequential files.</li><li>loadTimeSeriesMetadataDiskSeqTime: Time spent loading sequential TimeSeriesMetadata from disk. <ul><li>Not all loads involve disk I/O, as cache hits may reduce access time.</li></ul></li><li>loadTimeSeriesMetadataDiskUnSeqTime: Time spent loading unsequential TimeSeriesMetadata from disk.</li><li>loadTimeSeriesMetadataFromCacheCount: Number of cache hits when accessing TimeSeriesMetadata.</li><li>loadTimeSeriesMetadataFromDiskCount: Number of times TimeSeriesMetadata was read from disk.</li><li>loadTimeSeriesMetadataActualIOSize: Disk I/O used for TimeSeriesMetadata reads (in bytes).</li></ul><h4 id="mods-file-related-metrics" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mods-file-related-metrics"><span>Mods File-Related Metrics</span></a></h4><ul><li>TimeSeriesMetadataModificationTime: Time spent reading modification (mods) files.</li></ul><h4 id="chunk-related-metrics" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#chunk-related-metrics"><span>Chunk-Related Metrics</span></a></h4><p>Chunks are the fundamental units of data storage in TsFiles.</p><ul><li>constructAlignedChunkReadersDiskCount: Number of Chunks read from closed TsFiles.</li><li>constructAlignedChunkReadersDiskTime: Total time spent reading Chunks from closed TsFiles (including disk IO and decompression).</li><li>pageReadersDecodeAlignedDiskCount: Number of pages decoded from closed TsFiles.</li><li>pageReadersDecodeAlignedDiskTime: Total time spent decoding pages from closed TsFiles.</li><li>loadChunkFromCacheCount: Number of times ChunkCache was hit. <ul><li>For aligned devices, each component (including the time column) requests the cache separately. Therefore, <code>(loadChunkFromCacheCount + loadChunkFromDiskCount)</code> equals <code>tsfile number * subSensor number (including the time column) * avg chunk number in each TsFile</code>.</li></ul></li><li>loadChunkFromDiskCount: Number of times Chunks were read from disk.</li><li>loadChunkActualIOSize: Disk I/O used when reading Chunks (in bytes).</li></ul><h3 id="_2-4-special-notes" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-4-special-notes"><span>2.4 Special Notes</span></a></h3><p><strong>Query</strong> <strong>Timeout Scenario with EXPLAIN ANALYZE</strong></p><p>Since <code>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</code> runs as a special query type, it cannot return results if execution times out. To aid troubleshooting, IoTDB automatically enables a timed logging mechanism that periodically records partial results to a dedicated log file (<code>logs/log_explain_analyze.log</code>). This mechanism requires no user configuration.</p><ul><li>The logging interval is dynamically calculated based on the query's timeout duration, ensuring at least two log entries before the timeout occurs.</li><li>Users can examine the log file to identify potential causes of the timeout.</li></ul><h3 id="_2-5-example" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-5-example"><span>2.5 Example</span></a></h3><p>The following example demonstrates how to use <code>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</code>:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Create Database</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">CREATE</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> DATABASE</span><span style="color:#61AFEF;"> test</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">;</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Create Table</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">USE</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> test;</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">CREATE</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> TABLE</span><span style="color:#61AFEF;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> (device_id STRING ID, </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">type</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> STRING ATTRIBUTE, speed </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FLOAT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">);</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Insert Data</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">INSERT INTO</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> t1(device_id, </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">type</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, speed) </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">VALUES</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(</span><span style="color:#98C379;">'car_1'</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span><span style="color:#98C379;">'Model Y'</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">120</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">);</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">INSERT INTO</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> t1(device_id, </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">type</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, speed) </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">VALUES</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(</span><span style="color:#98C379;">'car_2'</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span><span style="color:#98C379;">'Model 3'</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">);</span></span> |
| <span class="line"></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Execute EXPLAIN ANALYZE</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">EXPLAIN ANALYZE </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">VERBOSE</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> * </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> t1;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Output</strong> <strong>(Simplified):</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Explain Analyze|</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Analyze Cost: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">860</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Fetch</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> Partition</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> Cost: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">9</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">888</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Fetch</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> Schema</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> Cost: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">54</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">046</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Logical Plan Cost: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">10</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">102</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Logical Optimization Cost: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">17</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">396</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Distribution</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> Plan Cost: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">508</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Dispatch Cost: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">22</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">126</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Fragment Instances Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|FRAGMENT-INSTANCE</span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[Id: 20241127_090849_00009_1.2.0][IP: 0.0.0.0][DataRegion: 2][State: FINISHED]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Total Wall </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">18</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Cost of initDataQuerySource: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">6</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">153</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Seq </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">File</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(unclosed): </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, Seq </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">File</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(closed): </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| UnSeq </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">File</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(unclosed): </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, UnSeq </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">File</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(closed): </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| ready queued </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">164</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms, blocked queued </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">342</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Query </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Statistics</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadBloomFilterFromCacheCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadBloomFilterFromDiskCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadBloomFilterActualIOSize: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadBloomFilterTime: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadTimeSeriesMetadataAlignedMemSeqCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadTimeSeriesMetadataAlignedMemSeqTime: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">246</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadTimeSeriesMetadataFromCacheCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadTimeSeriesMetadataFromDiskCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadTimeSeriesMetadataActualIOSize: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| constructAlignedChunkReadersMemCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| constructAlignedChunkReadersMemTime: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">294</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadChunkFromCacheCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadChunkFromDiskCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadChunkActualIOSize: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| pageReadersDecodeAlignedMemCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| pageReadersDecodeAlignedMemTime: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">047</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[PlanNodeId 43]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: IdentitySinkNode(IdentitySinkOperator) |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| CPU </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">5</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">523</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">output</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> rows</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| HasNext() Called Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">6</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Next</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">() Called Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">5</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Estimated Memory </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Size</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: : </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">327680</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[PlanNodeId 31]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: CollectNode(CollectOperator) |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| CPU </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">5</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">512</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">output</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> rows</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| HasNext() Called Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">6</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Next</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">() Called Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">5</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Estimated Memory </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Size</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: : </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">327680</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[PlanNodeId 29]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: TableScanNode(TableScanOperator) |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| CPU </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">5</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">439</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">output</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> rows</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| HasNext() Called Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Next</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">() Called Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Estimated Memory </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Size</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: : </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">327680</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| DeviceNumber: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| CurrentDeviceIndex: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[PlanNodeId 40]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: ExchangeNode(ExchangeOperator) |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| CPU </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">053</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">output</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> rows</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| HasNext() Called Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Next</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">() Called Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Estimated Memory </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Size</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: : </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">131072</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|FRAGMENT-INSTANCE</span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[Id: 20241127_090849_00009_1.3.0][IP: 0.0.0.0][DataRegion: 1][State: FINISHED]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Total Wall </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">13</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Cost of initDataQuerySource: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">5</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">725</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Seq </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">File</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(unclosed): </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, Seq </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">File</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(closed): </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| UnSeq </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">File</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(unclosed): </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, UnSeq </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">File</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(closed): </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| ready queued </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">118</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms, blocked queued </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">5</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">844</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Query </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Statistics</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadBloomFilterFromCacheCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadBloomFilterFromDiskCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadBloomFilterActualIOSize: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadBloomFilterTime: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadTimeSeriesMetadataAlignedMemSeqCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadTimeSeriesMetadataAlignedMemSeqTime: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">004</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadTimeSeriesMetadataFromCacheCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadTimeSeriesMetadataFromDiskCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadTimeSeriesMetadataActualIOSize: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| constructAlignedChunkReadersMemCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| constructAlignedChunkReadersMemTime: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadChunkFromCacheCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadChunkFromDiskCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| loadChunkActualIOSize: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| pageReadersDecodeAlignedMemCount: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| pageReadersDecodeAlignedMemTime: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">007</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[PlanNodeId 42]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: IdentitySinkNode(IdentitySinkOperator) |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| CPU </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">270</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">output</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> rows</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| HasNext() Called Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Next</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">() Called Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Estimated Memory </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Size</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: : </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">327680</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[PlanNodeId 30]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: TableScanNode(TableScanOperator) |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| CPU </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">250</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ms |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">output</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> rows</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| HasNext() Called Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Next</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">() Called Count: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| Estimated Memory </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Size</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: : </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">327680</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| DeviceNumber: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| CurrentDeviceIndex: </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> |</span></span> |
| <span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="_2-6-faqs" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-6-faqs"><span>2.6 FAQs</span></a></h3><h4 id="differences-between-wall-time-and-cpu-time" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#differences-between-wall-time-and-cpu-time"><span>Differences Between WALL TIME and CPU TIME</span></a></h4><ul><li><strong>CPU</strong> <strong>TIME</strong> (also known as processor time or CPU utilization time) refers to the actual time a program spends executing on the CPU, reflecting the amount of CPU resources consumed.</li><li><strong>WALL TIME</strong> (also known as elapsed time or physical time) refers to the total time from the start to the end of a program's execution, including all waiting periods.</li></ul><p><strong>Key Scenarios:</strong></p><ol><li>WALL TIME < CPU TIME: This occurs when multiple threads are used for parallel execution. For example, if a query shard runs for 10 seconds in real-world time using two threads, the CPU time would be 20 seconds (10 seconds × 2 threads), while the wall time would remain 10 seconds.</li><li>WALL TIME > CPU TIME: This typically happens due to resource contention or insufficient query threads: <ol><li>Blocked by Resource Constraints: If a query shard is blocked (e.g., due to insufficient memory for data transfer or waiting for upstream data), it remains in the Blocked Queue, accumulating wall time without consuming CPU time.</li><li>Insufficient Query Threads: If 20 query shards are running concurrently but only 16 query threads are available, 4 shards will be placed in the Ready Queue, waiting for execution. During this waiting period, wall time continues to elapse, but no CPU time is consumed.</li></ol></li></ol><h4 id="additional-considerations-for-explain-analyze" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#additional-considerations-for-explain-analyze"><span>Additional Considerations for EXPLAIN ANALYZE</span></a></h4><p><code>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</code> introduces minimal overhead, as it runs in a separate thread to collect query statistics. These metrics are generated by the system regardless of whether <code>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</code> is executed; the command simply retrieves them for user inspection.</p><p>Additionally, <code>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</code> iterates through the result set without producing output. Therefore, the reported execution time closely reflects the actual query execution time, with negligible deviation.</p><h4 id="key-metrics-for-i-o-time" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#key-metrics-for-i-o-time"><span>Key Metrics for I/O Time</span></a></h4><p>The following metrics are crucial for evaluating I/O performance during query execution:</p><ul><li><code>loadBloomFilterActualIOSize</code></li><li><code>loadBloomFilterTime</code></li><li><code>loadTimeSeriesMetadataAlignedDisk[Seq/Unseq]Time</code></li><li><code>loadTimeSeriesMetadataActualIOSize</code></li><li><code>alignedTimeSeriesMetadataModificationTime</code></li><li><code>constructAlignedChunkReadersDiskTime</code></li><li><code>loadChunkActualIOSize</code></li></ul><p>These metrics were detailed in previous sections. While TimeSeriesMetadata loading is tracked separately for sequential and unsequential files, chunk reading is not currently differentiated. However, the proportion of sequential versus unsequential data can be inferred from TimeSeriesMetadata statistics.</p><h4 id="impact-of-unsequential-data-on-query-performance" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#impact-of-unsequential-data-on-query-performance"><span>Impact of Unsequential Data on Query Performance</span></a></h4><p>Unsequential data can negatively affect query performance in the following ways:</p><ol><li><strong>Additional Merge Sort in Memory</strong>: Unsequential data requires an additional merge sort in memory, which is generally a short operation since it involves pure CPU operations.</li><li><strong>Overlap in Time Ranges</strong>: Unsequential data can cause time-range overlaps between data chunks, rendering statistical information unusable: <ol><li>Inability to Skip Chunks: If a query involves value filtering conditions, statistical information cannot be used to skip entire chunks that do not meet the criteria. However, this is less impactful if the query only involves time filtering.</li><li>Inability to Compute Aggregates Directly: Statistical information cannot be used to directly compute aggregate values without reading the data.</li></ol></li></ol><p>Currently, there is no direct method to measure the performance impact of unsequential data. The only approach is to compare query performance before and after merging the unsequential data. However, even after merging, the query still incurs I/O, compression, and decoding overhead, meaning the execution time will not decrease significantly.</p><h4 id="why-explain-analyze-results-are-not-logged-on-query-timeout" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#why-explain-analyze-results-are-not-logged-on-query-timeout"><span>Why EXPLAIN ANALYZE Results Are Not Logged on Query Timeout</span></a></h4><p>If <code>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</code> results are missing from the <code>log_explain_analyze.log</code> file after a query timeout, the issue may stem from an incomplete system upgrade. Specifically, if the lib package was updated without updating the conf/logback-datanode.xml file, the logging configuration may be outdated.</p><p><strong>Solution:</strong></p><ol><li>Replace the <code>conf/logback-datanode.xml</code> file with the updated version.</li><li>A system restart is not required, as the new configuration will be hot-loaded automatically.</li><li>Wait approximately one minute, then re-execute the <code>EXPLAIN ANALYZE</code> statement with the <code>VERBOSE</code> option to confirm proper logging.</li></ol></div><!----><!----><!----></div><footer class="vp-page-meta"><div class="vp-meta-item edit-link"><a class="auto-link external-link vp-meta-label" href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb-docs/edit/main/src/UserGuide/latest-Table/User-Manual/Query-Performance-Analysis.md" aria-label="Found Error? 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