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href="/UserGuide/latest-Table/SQL-Manual/Having-Clause.html" aria-label="HAVING Clause"><!---->HAVING Clause<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link auto-link vp-sidebar-link" href="/UserGuide/latest-Table/SQL-Manual/Fill-Clause.html" aria-label="FILL Clause"><!---->FILL Clause<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link auto-link vp-sidebar-link" href="/UserGuide/latest-Table/SQL-Manual/OrderBy-Clause.html" aria-label="ORDER BY Clause"><!---->ORDER BY Clause<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link auto-link vp-sidebar-link" href="/UserGuide/latest-Table/SQL-Manual/Limit-Offset-Clause.html" aria-label="LIMIT&amp;OFFSET Clause"><!---->LIMIT&amp;OFFSET Clause<!----></a></li><li><a class="route-link auto-link vp-sidebar-link" href="/UserGuide/latest-Table/SQL-Manual/Nested-Queries.html" aria-label="Nested Queries"><!---->Nested Queries<!----></a></li></ul></section></li><li><a class="route-link auto-link vp-sidebar-link" 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class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">Reference</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="vp-sidebar-group"><button class="vp-sidebar-header clickable" type="button"><!----><span class="vp-sidebar-title">FAQ</span><span class="vp-arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li></ul><!----></aside><!--[--><main id="main-content" class="vp-page"><!--[--><!----><!----><nav class="vp-breadcrumb disable"></nav><div class="vp-page-title"><h1><!---->FROM &amp; JOIN Clause</h1><div class="page-info"><!----><!----><span class="page-date-info" aria-label="Writing Date📅" data-balloon-pos="up"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon calendar-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="calendar icon" name="calendar"><path d="M716.4 110.137c0-18.753-14.72-33.473-33.472-33.473-18.753 0-33.473 14.72-33.473 33.473v33.473h66.993v-33.473zm-334.87 0c0-18.753-14.72-33.473-33.473-33.473s-33.52 14.72-33.52 33.473v33.473h66.993v-33.473zm468.81 33.52H716.4v100.465c0 18.753-14.72 33.473-33.472 33.473a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.473-33.473V143.657H381.53v100.465c0 18.753-14.72 33.473-33.473 33.473a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.473-33.473V143.657H180.6A134.314 134.314 0 0046.66 277.595v535.756A134.314 134.314 0 00180.6 947.289h669.74a134.36 134.36 0 00133.94-133.938V277.595a134.314 134.314 0 00-133.94-133.938zm33.473 267.877H147.126a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.473-33.473c0-18.752 14.72-33.473 33.473-33.473h736.687c18.752 0 33.472 14.72 33.472 33.473a33.145 33.145 0 01-33.472 33.473z"></path></svg><span data-allow-mismatch="text">1/3/25</span><meta property="datePublished" content="2025-01-03T10:29:25.000Z"></span><!----><span class="page-reading-time-info" aria-label="Reading Time⌛" data-balloon-pos="up"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon timer-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="timer icon" name="timer"><path d="M799.387 122.15c4.402-2.978 7.38-7.897 7.38-13.463v-1.165c0-8.933-7.38-16.312-16.312-16.312H256.33c-8.933 0-16.311 7.38-16.311 16.312v1.165c0 5.825 2.977 10.874 7.637 13.592 4.143 194.44 97.22 354.963 220.201 392.763-122.204 37.542-214.893 196.511-220.2 389.397-4.661 5.049-7.638 11.651-7.638 19.03v5.825h566.49v-5.825c0-7.379-2.849-13.981-7.509-18.9-5.049-193.016-97.867-351.985-220.2-389.527 123.24-37.67 216.446-198.453 220.588-392.892zM531.16 450.445v352.632c117.674 1.553 211.787 40.778 211.787 88.676H304.097c0-48.286 95.149-87.382 213.728-88.676V450.445c-93.077-3.107-167.901-81.297-167.901-177.093 0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.793-15.793 8.803 0 15.794 6.99 15.794 15.793 0 80.261 63.69 145.635 142.01 145.635s142.011-65.374 142.011-145.635c0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.794-15.793s15.793 6.99 15.793 15.793c0 95.019-73.789 172.82-165.96 177.093z"></path></svg><span>About 24 min</span><meta property="timeRequired" content="PT24M"></span><!----><!----></div><hr></div><!----><div class="" vp-content><!----><div id="markdown-content"><h1 id="from-join-clause" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#from-join-clause"><span>FROM &amp; JOIN Clause</span></a></h1><h2 id="_1-syntax-overview" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-syntax-overview"><span>1. Syntax Overview</span></a></h2><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> relation (</span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;,&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> relation)*</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">relation</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : relation joinType </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> relation joinCriteria </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | aliasedRelation</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">joinType</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : INNER?</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">OUTER</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">?</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">CROSS</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">?</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | ASOF?</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">joinCriteria</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> booleanExpression</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#98C379;"> &#39;(&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier (</span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;,&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier)* </span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;)&#39;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">aliasedRelation</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : relationPrimary (</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">AS</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">? identifier columnAliases?)?</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">columnAliases</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : </span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;(&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier (</span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;,&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier)* </span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;)&#39;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">relationPrimary</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : qualifiedName #tableName</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | </span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;(&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> query </span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;)&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> #subqueryRelation</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | </span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;(&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> relation </span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;)&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> #parenthesizedRelation</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">qualifiedName</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : identifier (</span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;.&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier)*</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="_2-from-clause-syntax" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-from-clause-syntax"><span>2. FROM Clause Syntax</span></a></h2><p>The <code>FROM</code> clause specifies the data sources for the query. Logically, query execution begins with the <code>FROM</code> clause. It can include a single table, a combination of multiple tables joined using <code>JOIN</code> clauses, or a subquery containing another <code>SELECT</code> query.</p><h2 id="_3-join-clause" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-join-clause"><span>3. JOIN Clause</span></a></h2><p>The <code>JOIN</code> clause combines two tables based on specific conditions, typically predicates, but other implicit rules can also apply.</p><p>In the current version of IoTDB, the following joins are supported:</p><ol><li><strong>Inner Join</strong>: The join condition can be any equality expression.</li><li><strong>Outer Join</strong>: The join condition can be any equality expression.</li><li><strong>Cross Join</strong>: Represents the Cartesian product of two tables.</li><li>​<strong>​ASOF JOIN​​</strong> (AS OF a specific point in time) is a specialized join operation based on temporal or approximate matching conditions, designed for scenarios where timestamps between two datasets are not perfectly aligned. It matches each row from the left table with the closest corresponding row in the right table that meets the specified conditions (typically the nearest preceding or succeeding timestamp). This operation is widely used for time-series data analysis (e.g., sensor data, financial market feeds).</li></ol><h3 id="_3-1-inner-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-1-inner-join"><span>3.1 Inner Join</span></a></h3><p><code>INNER JOIN</code> can be written explicitly or implicitly by omitting the <code>INNER</code> keyword. It returns records where the join condition is satisfied.</p><h4 id="_3-1-1-explicit-join-recommended" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-1-1-explicit-join-recommended"><span>3.1.1 Explicit Join (Recommended)</span></a></h4><p>Explicit joins use the syntax JOIN + ON or JOIN + USING to specify join conditions:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">// </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">Explicit</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> join</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: Specify the </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">join</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> condition </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">after</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> the </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> keyword </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">or</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> the </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">join</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> column(s) </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">after</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> the </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> keyword.</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> selectExpr </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[, selectExpr]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ... </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> &lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#E06C75;"> [INNER]</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> JOIN</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> &lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> joinCriteria </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[WHERE whereCondition]</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">joinCriteria</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> booleanExpression</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#98C379;"> &#39;(&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier (</span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;,&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier)* </span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;)&#39;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Note: Difference Between</strong> <strong><code>USING</code></strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong><code>ON</code></strong></p><ul><li><code>USING</code> simplifies explicit join conditions by accepting a list of column names common to both tables. For example, <code>USING (time)</code> is equivalent to <code>ON (t1.time = t2.time)</code>. When using <code>USING</code>, there is logically one <code>time</code> column in the result.</li><li>With <code>ON</code>, column names remain distinct (e.g., <code>t1.time</code> and <code>t2.time</code>).</li><li>The final query result depends on the fields specified in the <code>SELECT</code> statement.</li></ul><h4 id="_3-1-2-implicit-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-1-2-implicit-join"><span>3.1.2 Implicit Join</span></a></h4><p>Implicit joins do not use <code>JOIN</code>, <code>ON</code>, or <code>USING</code> keywords. Instead, conditions are specified in the <code>WHERE</code> clause:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">// Implicit </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">join</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">: Specify the </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">join</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> condition </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">in</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> the </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">WHERE</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> clause.</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> selectExpr </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[, selectExpr]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ... </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> &lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#E06C75;"> [, &lt;TABLE_NAME&gt;]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ... </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[WHERE whereCondition]</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="_3-2-outer-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-2-outer-join"><span>3.2 Outer Join</span></a></h3><p>An <strong>outer join</strong> returns rows even when no matching records exist in the other table. Types include:</p><ul><li><strong>LEFT OUTER JOIN</strong>: Returns all rows from the left table.</li><li><strong>RIGHT OUTER JOIN</strong>: Returns all rows from the right table.</li><li><strong>FULL OUTER JOIN</strong>: Returns all rows from both tables.</li></ul><h4 id="_3-2-1-left-outer-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-2-1-left-outer-join"><span>3.2.1 Left Outer Join</span></a></h4><p>LEFT [OUTER] JOIN (i.e., left outer join) returns all records from the left table, along with the records from the right table that satisfy the join condition with the left table. For records in the right table that have no matching entries in the left table, NULL values are returned. Since the LEFT JOIN keyword must be specified, left outer join typically uses only the explicit join syntax, where the join condition is specified after ON or USING.</p><blockquote><p>Supported in V2.0.5 and later versions</p></blockquote><p>The SQL syntax is as follows:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Explicit join: specify the join condition after the ON keyword or join columns after the USING keyword</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> selectExpr </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[, selectExpr]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ... </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> &lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> LEFT </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[OUTER]</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> JOIN</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> &lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> joinCriteria </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[WHERE whereCondition]</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">joinCriteria</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> booleanExpression</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#98C379;"> &#39;(&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier (</span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;,&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier)* </span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;)&#39;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="_3-2-2-right-outer-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-2-2-right-outer-join"><span>3.2.2 Right Outer Join</span></a></h4><p>RIGHT [OUTER] JOIN (i.e., right outer join) returns all records from the right table, along with the records from the left table that satisfy the join condition with the right table. For records in the left table that have no matching entries in the right table, NULL values are returned.</p><blockquote><p>Supported in V2.0.5 and later versions</p></blockquote><p>RIGHT JOIN is a &quot;symmetric&quot; operation to LEFT JOIN. In practice, <code>LEFT JOIN</code> is more commonly used because we usually care more about the data in the left table in real-world applications. Furthermore, <code>RIGHT JOIN</code> can always be converted to <code>LEFT JOIN</code> — the query result of <code>A RIGHT JOIN B ON A.id=B.id</code> is equivalent to that of <code>B LEFT JOIN A ON B.id = A.id</code>.</p><p>The SQL syntax is as follows:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Specify the join condition after the ON keyword or join columns after the USING keyword</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> selectExpr </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[, selectExpr]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ... </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> &lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> RIGHT </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[OUTER]</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> JOIN</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> &lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> joinCriteria </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[WHERE whereCondition]</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">joinCriteria</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> booleanExpression</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#98C379;"> &#39;(&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier (</span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;,&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier)* </span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;)&#39;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="_3-2-3-full-outer-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-2-3-full-outer-join"><span>3.2.3 Full Outer Join</span></a></h4><p>FULL [OUTER] JOIN (i.e., full outer join) returns all records from both tables. If a record in one table has no match in the other, <code>NULL</code> values are returned for the unmatched fields. <code>FULL JOIN</code> <strong>must use explicit join conditions</strong>.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">//Specify the </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">join</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> condition </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">after</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> the </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> keyword </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">or</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> specify the </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">join</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> columns </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">after</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> the </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> keyword.</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> selectExpr </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[, selectExpr]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ... </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> &lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> FULL </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[OUTER]</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> JOIN</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> &lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> joinCriteria </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[WHERE whereCondition]</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">joinCriteria</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> booleanExpression</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#98C379;"> &#39;(&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier (</span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;,&#39;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> identifier)* </span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;)&#39;</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="_3-3-cross-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-3-cross-join"><span>3.3 Cross Join</span></a></h3><p>A cross join represents the Cartesian product of two tables, returning all possible combinations of the N rows from the left table and the M rows from the right table, resulting in N*M rows. This type of join is the least commonly used in practice.</p><h3 id="_3-4-​asof-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-4-​asof-join"><span>3.4 ​Asof Join</span></a></h3><p>IoTDB ASOF JOIN is an approximate point join method that allows users to perform matching based on the closest timestamp according to specified rules. ​​The current version only supports ASOF INNER/LEFT JOIN.​​</p><blockquote><p>ASOF LEFT JOIN supported in V2.0.5 and later versions</p></blockquote><p>The SQL syntax is as follows:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> selectExpr </span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[, selectExpr]</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ... </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME1</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ASOF</span><span style="color:#E06C75;">[(tolerance theta)]</span><span style="color:#E06C75;"> [INNER|LEFT]</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> JOIN</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> &lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME2</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> joinCriteria </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#E06C75;">[WHERE whereCondition]</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">WHERE</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> a</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> tolerance(</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">b</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, 1s)</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">joinCriteria</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> &lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME1</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> comparisonOperator </span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">TABLE_NAME2</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">comparisonOperator</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> : </span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&lt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | </span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&lt;=</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | </span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> | </span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;=</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> ;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>​Notes:​​</strong></p><ul><li>ASOF JOIN defaults to ASOF INNER JOIN implementation.</li><li>When using the ON keyword for joining, the join condition must include an inequality join condition where both the left and right sides are of TIMESTAMP type (i.e., the primary join condition). Only four operators are supported: <code>&quot;&gt;&quot;, &quot;&gt;=&quot;, &quot;&lt;&quot;, &quot;&lt;=&quot;</code>. The corresponding join matching rules are as follows (where lt represents the left table and rt represents the right table):</li></ul><table><thead><tr><th>Operator</th><th>Join Method</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>lt.time &gt;= rt.time</code></td><td>The closest timestamp in the left table that is greater than or equal to the right table&#39;s timestamp.</td></tr><tr><td><code>lt.time &gt; rt.time</code></td><td>The closest timestamp in the left table that is greater than the right table&#39;s timestamp.</td></tr><tr><td><code>lt.time &lt;= rt.time</code></td><td>The closest timestamp in the left table that is less than or equal to the right table&#39;s timestamp.</td></tr><tr><td><code>lt.time &lt; rt.time</code></td><td>The closest timestamp in the left table that is less than the right table&#39;s timestamp.</td></tr></tbody></table><ul><li><code>Tolerance parameter​</code>​: The maximum allowed time difference for searching data in the right table (expressed as a TimeDuration, e.g., 1d for one day). If the Tolerance parameter is not specified, the search time range defaults to ​​infinity​​. ​​Note​​: Currently, this parameter is only supported in ASOF ​​INNER​​ JOIN.</li><li>In addition to the primary join condition, ASOF can also specify equality join conditions for other columns (ID, Attribute, Measurement), which means the query results are grouped by these other columns. The primary join condition must be placed ​<strong>last</strong>​, and it must be connected to other conditions (if any) using &quot;AND&quot;.</li></ul><h3 id="_3-5-semi-join-anti-semi-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-5-semi-join-anti-semi-join"><span>3.5 Semi Join/Anti-Semi Join</span></a></h3><p>A semi join is a special join operation whose purpose is to determine whether rows in one table exist in another table. The result set returned by a semi join contains rows from the first table that meet the join condition, but does not include the actual data from the second table. Corresponding to semi join is anti-semi join, which is used to identify rows that have no matches between two tables. The result set returned by an anti-semi join contains rows from the first table that satisfy the join condition, but excludes rows from the second table that match those rows.</p><p>In the IoTDB table mode, the <code>SEMI JOIN</code> syntax is not provided; instead, IN subqueries or EXISTS subqueries are supported to implement semi joins. Similarly, the <code>ANTI SEMI JOIN</code> syntax is not provided, and NOT IN or NOT EXISTS subqueries are supported to implement anti-semi joins. For detailed explanations of subqueries, refer to <a class="route-link" href="/UserGuide/latest-Table/SQL-Manual/Nested-Queries.html">Nested Queries</a>.</p><ul><li>Examples of semi join syntax are as follows:</li></ul><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Implement semi join using IN</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> *</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">WHERE</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> IN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> (</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Implement semi join using EXISTS</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> *</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">WHERE</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> EXISTS</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> (</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 1</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">WHERE</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Equivalent to the SEMI JOIN syntax in other databases</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1.*</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 SEMI </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> table1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">=</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">table2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ul><li>Examples of anti-semi join syntax are as follows:</li></ul><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Implement anti-semi join using NOT IN</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> *</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">WHERE</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> NOT</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> IN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> (</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Implement anti-semi join using NOT EXISTS</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> *</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">WHERE</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> NOT</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> EXISTS</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> (</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 1</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">WHERE</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">);</span></span>
<span class="line"></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-- Equivalent to the ANTI SEMI JOIN syntax in other databases</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1.*</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 ANTI </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> table1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">=</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">table2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h2 id="_4-example-queries" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-example-queries"><span>4. Example Queries</span></a></h2><p>The <a class="route-link" href="/UserGuide/latest-Table/Reference/Sample-Data.html">Example Data page</a>page provides SQL statements to construct table schemas and insert data. By downloading and executing these statements in the IoTDB CLI, you can import the data into IoTDB. This data can be used to test and run the example SQL queries included in this documentation, allowing you to reproduce the described results.</p><h3 id="_4-1-from-examples" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-1-from-examples"><span>4.1 FROM Examples</span></a></h3><h4 id="_4-1-1-query-from-a-single-table" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-1-1-query-from-a-single-table"><span>4.1.1 Query from a Single Table</span></a></h4><p><strong>Example 1:</strong> This query retrieves all records from <code>table1</code> and sorts them by time.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> * </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ORDER BY</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|region|plant_id|device_id|model_id|maintenance|temperature|humidity|</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">status</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| arrival_time|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| A| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">34</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| A| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">25</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">01</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">39</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">40</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">03</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">41</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">04</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">42</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| false| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">43</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| false| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">44</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| false|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| C| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">09</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| C| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">40</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">9</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| C| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| C| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">88</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">45</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">12</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| D| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">13</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| E| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">45</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| E| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">4</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">15</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">34</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">8</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">17</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 18</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.085s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 2:</strong> This query retrieves all records from <code>table1</code> where the device is <code>101</code> and sorts them by time.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> * </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">where</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">=</span><span style="color:#98C379;">&#39;101&#39;</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> order by</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|region|plant_id|device_id|model_id|maintenance|temperature|humidity|</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">status</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| arrival_time|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">01</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">39</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">40</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">03</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">41</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">04</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">42</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| false| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">43</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| false| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">44</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| BJ| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| false|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| D| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">13</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">34</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">8</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">17</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 10</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.061s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="_4-1-2-querying-from-a-subquery" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-1-2-querying-from-a-subquery"><span>4.1.2 Querying from a Subquery</span></a></h4><p><strong>Example 1:</strong> This query retrieves the total number of records in <code>table1</code>.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> COUNT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(*) </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">AS</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> count </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> (</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> * </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1);</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|count|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">18</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 1</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.072s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="_4-2-join-examples" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-2-join-examples"><span>4.2 JOIN Examples</span></a></h3><h4 id="_4-2-1-inner-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-2-1-inner-join"><span>4.2.1 Inner Join</span></a></h4><p><strong>Example 1: Explicit Join using <code>ON</code></strong></p><p>This query retrieves records where <code>table1</code> and <code>table2</code> share the same <code>time</code> values.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|device1|temperature1|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 3</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.076s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 2: Explicit Join using <code>USING</code></strong></p><p>This query retrieves records from <code>table1</code> and <code>table2</code>, joining on the <code>time</code> column.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">)</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|device1|temperature1|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 3</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.081s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 3: Implicit Join using <code>WHERE</code></strong></p><p>This query joins <code>table1</code> and <code>table2</code> by specifying the condition in the <code>WHERE</code> clause.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">table1 t1, table2 t2</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">WHERE</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">=</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|device1|temperature1|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 3</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.082s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 4: Equality Join on Non-time Columns</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">ORDER BY</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">LIMIT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 10</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|device1|temperature1|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">39</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 10</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.030s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="_4-2-2-outer-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-2-2-outer-join"><span>4.2.2 Outer Join</span></a></h4><ol><li>LEFT JOIN</li></ol><p><strong>Example 1: Explicit Join</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">LEFT JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| time1| time2|device1|temperature1|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">39</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">40</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">41</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">42</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">43</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">44</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">88</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 18</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.031s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 2: Explicit Join</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;"> time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">LEFT JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">)</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|device1|temperature1|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">39</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">40</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">41</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">42</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">43</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">44</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">88</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 18</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.031s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 3: Join Condition on Non-time Column</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> region,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">LEFT JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(region)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">LIMIT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 10</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">------+-----------------------------+------------+-----------------------------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|region| time1|temperature1| time2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">------+-----------------------------+------------+-----------------------------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">------+-----------------------------+------------+-----------------------------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 10</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.038s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ol start="2"><li>RIGHT JOIN</li></ol><p><strong>Example 1: Explicit Join</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">RIGHT JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| time1| time2|device1|temperature1|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 6</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.030s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 2: Explicit Join</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;"> time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">RIGHT JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">)</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|device1|temperature1|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 6</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.053s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 3: Join Condition on Non-time Column</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> region,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">RIGHT JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(region)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">LIMIT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 10</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">------+-----------------------------+------------+-----------------------------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|region| time1|temperature1| time2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">------+-----------------------------+------------+-----------------------------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">88</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|Shanghai|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">------+-----------------------------+------------+-----------------------------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 10</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.029s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ol start="3"><li>FULL JOIN</li></ol><p><strong>Example 1: Full Outer Join using <code>ON</code></strong></p><p>This query retrieves all records from <code>table1</code> and <code>table2</code>, including unmatched rows with <code>NULL</code> values.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FULL JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| time1| time2|device1|temperature1|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">39</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">40</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">41</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">42</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">43</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">44</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">88</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 21</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.071s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 2: Explicit Join using <code>USING</code></strong></p><p>This query retrieves all records from <code>table1</code> and <code>table2</code>, combining them based on the <code>time</code> column. Rows with no matches in one of the tables will include <code>NULL</code> values for the missing fields.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;"> time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FULL JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">)</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|device1|temperature1|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">39</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">40</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">41</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">42</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">43</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">44</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">88</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 21</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.073s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Example 3: The join condition is based on a non-time column.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> region,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1,</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time2, </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FULL JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">USING</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">(region)</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">LIMIT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 10</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">------+-----------------------------+------------+-----------------------------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|region| time1|temperature1| time2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">------+-----------------------------+------------+-----------------------------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">------+-----------------------------+------------+-----------------------------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 10</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.040s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="_4-2-3-cross-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-2-3-cross-join"><span>4.2.3 Cross Join</span></a></h4><p><strong>Example 1: Explicit Join</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1.*, table2.* </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">CROSS JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">LIMIT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 8</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|region|plant_id|device_id|model_id|maintenance|temperature|humidity|</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">status</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| arrival_time| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|region|plant_id|device_id|model_id|maintenance|temperature|humidity|</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">status</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| arrival_time|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| D| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">13</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 北京| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">01</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| E| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">45</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| C| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| false|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">09</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 北京| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| A| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">34</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">34</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">8</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">17</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">34</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">8</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">17</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| D| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">13</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 8</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.282s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 2: Implicit Join</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1.*, table2.* </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1, table2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">LIMIT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 8</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|region|plant_id|device_id|model_id|maintenance|temperature|humidity|</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">status</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| arrival_time| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|region|plant_id|device_id|model_id|maintenance|temperature|humidity|</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">status</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| arrival_time|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| D| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">13</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 北京| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| B| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">01</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| E| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">45</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| C| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| false|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">09</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 北京| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| A| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">180</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">34</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">34</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">8</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">17</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| SH| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| F| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">34</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">8</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| true|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">17</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| 上海| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| D| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">360</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">35</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">13</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------+--------+---------+--------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-----------------------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 8</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.047s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h4 id="_4-2-4-asof-join" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_4-2-4-asof-join"><span>4.2.4 Asof join</span></a></h4><ol><li>ASOF INNER JOIN</li></ol><p>​​Example 1​​: Without specifying the tolerance parameter, where the timestamp in table1 is greater than or equal to and closest to the timestamp in table2.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time2, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 ASOF </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;=</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| time1|device1|temperature1| time2|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">88</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">44</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">43</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">42</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">41</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">40</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">39</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Example 2​​: With the tolerance parameter specified, where the timestamp in table1 is greater than or equal to and closest to the timestamp in table2.</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time2, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 ASOF(tolerance 2s) </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;=</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| time1|device1|temperature1| time2|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 3: Tolerance Parameter Specified, plant_id is the Same, and the Timestamp in table1 is Greater Than or Equal to That in table2 with the Closest Timestamp</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">plant_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> plant1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time2, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">plant_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> plant2, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 ASOF(tolerance 2s) </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">plant_id</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">=</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">plant_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> and</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;=</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+------------+-----------------------------+------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| time1|plant1|temperature1| time2|plant2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+------------+-----------------------------+------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+------------+-----------------------------+------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 3</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.046s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 4: Asof Join Between a Time Period Today and the Corresponding Time Period Last Week</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> * </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> (</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, device_id </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">AS</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, temperature </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">AS</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 ) </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">AS</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> t1 ASOF </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> (</span><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">, device_id </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">AS</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, temperature </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">AS</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1) </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">AS</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> t2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">date_bin(1w, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">) </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">limit</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 10</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|device1|temperature1| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">time</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">88</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><ol start="2"><li>ASOF LEFT JOIN</li></ol><p><strong>Example 1: The Timestamp in table1 is Greater Than or Equal to That in table2 with the Closest Timestamp</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time2, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">device_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> device2, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 ASOF </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">LEFT JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;=</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> order by</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| time1|device1|temperature1| time2|device2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">39</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">40</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">41</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">42</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">43</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">44</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">88</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">100</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">101</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+-------+------------+-----------------------------+-------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 18</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.058s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p><strong>Example 2: plant_id is the Same, and the Timestamp in table1 is Greater Than or Equal to That in table2 with the Closest Timestamp</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#C678DD;">SELECT</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">plant_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> plant1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature1, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time2, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">plant_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> plant2, </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">temperature</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> as</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> temperature2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">FROM</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table1 t1 ASOF </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">LEFT JOIN</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> table2 t2 </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">ON</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">plant_id</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">=</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">plant_id</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> and</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> t1</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;">&gt;=</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">t2</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">time</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> ORDER BY</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;"> time1;</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>Query Results</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-highlighter="shiki" data-ext="sql" style="background-color:#282c34;color:#abb2bf;"><pre class="shiki one-dark-pro vp-code"><code class="language-sql"><span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+------------+-----------------------------+------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| time1|plant1|temperature1| time2|plant2|temperature2|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+------------+-----------------------------+------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-26T13:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">37</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">38</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">39</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">40</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">41</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">42</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">43</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T16:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">44</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-27T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">1001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">88</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-28T08:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T10:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3001</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">85</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T18:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-29T11:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">null</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T09:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T14:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">30</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">2024</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">11</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">-30T00:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">000</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">08</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">:</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">00</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">3002</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">| </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">90</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.</span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">|</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">+</span><span style="color:#7F848E;font-style:italic;">-----------------------------+------+------------+-----------------------------+------+------------+</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">Total </span><span style="color:#C678DD;">line</span><span style="color:#C678DD;"> number</span><span style="color:#56B6C2;"> =</span><span style="color:#D19A66;"> 18</span></span>
<span class="line"><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">It costs </span><span style="color:#D19A66;">0</span><span style="color:#ABB2BF;">.022s</span></span></code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true" style="counter-reset:line-number 0;"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div></div><!----><!----><!----></div><footer class="vp-page-meta"><div class="vp-meta-item edit-link"><a class="auto-link external-link vp-meta-label" href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb-docs/edit/main/src/UserGuide/latest-Table/SQL-Manual/From-Join-Clause.md" aria-label="Found Error? Edit this page on GitHub" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon edit-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="edit icon" name="edit"><path d="M430.818 653.65a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-50.96-93.281l71.69-114.012 7.773-10.365L816.038 80.138A60.46 60.46 0 0 1 859.225 62a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 43.186 18.138l43.186 43.186a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 86.373L588.879 565.55l-8.637 8.637-117.466 68.234a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-31.958 11.229z"></path><path d="M728.802 962H252.891A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 62.008 771.98V296.934a190.883 190.883 0 0 1 190.883-192.61h267.754a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 120.92H252.891a69.962 69.962 0 0 0-69.098 69.099V771.98a69.962 69.962 0 0 0 69.098 69.098h475.911A69.962 69.962 0 0 0 797.9 771.98V503.363a60.46 60.46 0 1 1 120.922 0V771.98A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 728.802 962z"></path></svg><!--]-->Found Error? Edit this page on GitHub<!----></a></div><div class="vp-meta-item git-info"><div class="update-time"><span class="vp-meta-label">Last Updated: </span><time class="vp-meta-info" datetime="2026-02-04T07:34:57.000Z" data-allow-mismatch>2/4/26, 7:34 AM</time></div><!----></div></footer><nav class="vp-page-nav"><a class="route-link auto-link prev" href="/UserGuide/latest-Table/SQL-Manual/Select-Clause_apache.html" aria-label="SELECT Clause"><div class="hint"><span class="arrow start"></span>Prev</div><div class="link"><!---->SELECT Clause</div></a><a class="route-link auto-link next" href="/UserGuide/latest-Table/SQL-Manual/Where-Clause.html" aria-label="WHERE Clause"><div class="hint">Next<span class="arrow end"></span></div><div class="link">WHERE Clause<!----></div></a></nav><!----><!----><!--]--></main><!--]--><footer class="site-footer"><span id="doc-version" style="display:none;">latest-Table</span><p class="copyright-text">Copyright © 2026 The Apache Software Foundation.
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