blob: 12c00b08d40b5e209f926d744f6d44da3a8de3b9 [file] [log] [blame]
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
<title> </title>
<meta name="generator" content="VuePress 1.8.2">
<link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico">
<meta name="description" content=" ">
<meta name="Description" content="Apache IoTDB: Time Series Database for IoT">
<meta name="Keywords" content="TSDB, time series, time series database, IoTDB, IoT database, IoT data management,时序数据库, 时间序列管理, IoTDB, 物联网数据库, 实时数据库, 物联网数据管理, 物联网数据">
<meta name="baidu-site-verification" content="wfKETzB3OT">
<meta name="google-site-verification" content="mZWAoRY0yj_HAr-s47zHCGHzx5Ju-RVm5wDbPnwQYFo">
<link rel="preload" href="/assets/css/0.styles.ccadf850.css" as="style"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/app.9c03bb74.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/3.e95317f3.js" as="script"><link rel="preload" href="/assets/js/346.cbfb04f4.js" as="script"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/10.77e7d27b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/100.ce37c53f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/101.ab370749.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/102.4db55384.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/103.28a00d56.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/104.aaf85214.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/105.eb973f15.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/106.007d9ae6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/107.35199171.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/108.2f080778.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/109.4a3db7c3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/11.242ea813.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/110.121c12b0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/111.2d907f27.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/112.cd3fc3c6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/113.60360e14.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/114.b1977cbf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/115.71389e78.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/116.c495c800.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/117.f6a4a5d4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/118.986551b6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/119.ccf52dd9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/12.643b0fb0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/120.c21aafd0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/121.448ace52.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/122.37b6650b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/123.096531cd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/124.6d8ba356.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/125.b053a479.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/126.32856698.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/127.211c2b9f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/128.f7cd241a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/129.8983f959.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/13.c58bffc8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/130.27448489.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/131.f74784eb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/132.9553fdd5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/133.128c722a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/134.3e480989.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/135.06b43884.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/136.6a6503c4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/137.f79fb732.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/138.c519ee60.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/139.269b4122.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/14.939be0f9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/140.8acac491.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/141.5739ba5c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/142.0a0bb60d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/143.2849d1b8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/144.40806d0f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/145.f396d071.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/146.3f935af5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/147.6ab3b033.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/148.1e9ba5bb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/149.be7d35fd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/15.843fe861.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/150.4553bfe1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/151.4df7c29e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/152.7fbfa55b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/153.b307a91f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/154.61a099b6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/155.42bd11f4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/156.5e14d94b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/157.a82e8d14.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/158.4ca4cf76.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/159.96ad00f0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/16.17c1f643.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/160.d27a9f8e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/161.f69489a3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/162.d6297e81.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/163.8c7d6f48.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/164.844ec167.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/165.e4109536.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/166.6f922175.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/167.27cb7956.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/168.66d50e2f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/169.db6a9c1e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/17.a4028525.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/170.f09f4ab5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/171.03b885f5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/172.712c6bac.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/173.72a81752.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/174.80e57cad.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/175.96ef1cbc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/176.975567d0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/177.e46b5dad.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/178.277a4463.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/179.a8370836.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/18.122d5826.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/180.66ebf02a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/181.b5488f9b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/182.d354a8c6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/183.87f069d1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/184.47c2f6fb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/185.b6a632b5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/186.9f9a7452.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/187.aadc1931.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/188.90cc251e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/189.01c9ecc3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/19.9187dec1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/190.ff15e49f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/191.a47f90cd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/192.1d1eb36e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/193.39fab29d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/194.f1cbfa0a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/195.c40239c9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/196.0388c356.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/197.55863e11.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/198.a48cc095.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/199.dae24824.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/20.c8df4732.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/200.5b971052.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/201.c6d6883b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/202.56b1c573.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/203.cacf8999.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/204.899538ec.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/205.fd2fe361.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/206.ea246089.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/207.4dd0bdf9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/208.30c94a7c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/209.8d20aa77.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/21.acbfa763.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/210.ad8beb10.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/211.87928df0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/212.552b3f7c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/213.2b0a5283.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/214.8cf08cfc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/215.d3564dd7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/216.736e26f0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/217.f9370757.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/218.3205fb4a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/219.fd6ed6fa.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/22.1e7200c8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/220.d72b3bb1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/221.7e1fb00c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/222.f520de95.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/223.494442ca.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/224.642062b0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/225.9b6f0752.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/226.4868d0a5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/227.6ba50795.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/228.96c32a84.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/229.79ec0103.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/23.91ba0b88.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/230.eb3c9a16.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/231.dc2fe2df.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/232.5a6632a5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/233.f79fadcf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/234.bd229dea.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/235.b9343eea.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/236.39a58653.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/237.d795e1ce.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/238.0357593a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/239.a96f58b0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/24.de37758e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/240.5023ae7f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/241.b8bfff76.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/242.1006f57d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/243.177605aa.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/244.49b5cc23.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/245.26270fbd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/246.5ddc708b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/247.adc9b00e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/248.0dddc45e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/249.86245d4b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/25.77e4633a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/250.ca664993.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/251.4110130e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/252.69e52586.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/253.6a0b34fb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/254.6d43bbe7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/255.ef51c14f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/256.e30632ae.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/257.8474f813.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/258.f4b72fd8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/259.f9b80571.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/26.bc913725.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/260.890c3824.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/261.7a0e64a4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/262.f1795204.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/263.4645793a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/264.cedced53.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/265.f5999224.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/266.796b7845.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/267.6a6e0b45.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/268.e31ccc5d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/269.87ec3c50.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/27.353617df.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/270.10c1f626.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/271.951311af.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/272.b88b9e6e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/273.60491e24.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/274.256ac066.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/275.bc626957.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/276.bf42d85f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/277.195beb55.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/278.f7da5f89.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/279.6238db1e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/28.0a801078.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/280.4a586292.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/281.2b5d75c2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/282.d71dd9d3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/283.39b9ec0e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/284.306b0a13.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/285.8e9ec7da.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/286.4c15caa2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/287.4b071b23.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/288.8b780706.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/289.789f44e7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/29.015a0cef.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/290.faf33e36.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/291.7fe43457.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/292.e00b421d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/293.010cbc8b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/294.dbc158e3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/295.1e94dacc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/296.77ae03d2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/297.e548ba7e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/298.9e64d086.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/299.a9495179.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/30.03cf4852.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/300.4a34e85e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/301.646c292f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/302.992ba1a4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/303.2fa1659c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/304.45ec5f49.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/305.c920feb8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/306.9adbbd88.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/307.9236e6dd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/308.f1153048.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/309.160e8998.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/31.9af92350.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/310.264c84d3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/311.b0722a23.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/312.d6db71aa.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/313.56c40b4a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/314.4430b382.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/315.c70120b9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/316.f8399289.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/317.1de6d257.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/318.91c96271.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/319.eb7b75c1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/32.e5e702b0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/320.cc4206e7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/321.a4b9d736.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/322.5aae6989.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/323.e4fd51b3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/324.1ba3ee32.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/325.d92a5a32.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/326.176dd708.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/327.974ddc21.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/328.7be0fd73.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/329.c7ddf3b9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/33.d0eafbb9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/330.bd9e4aaa.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/331.0930a354.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/332.fb2e17c5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/333.6a30384d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/334.c3a65c90.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/335.925d4e40.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/336.d57e25c2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/337.0231a5b2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/338.6cda9f6a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/339.bbf73c4f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/34.85849ed4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/340.f50cc5bc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/341.bb11443e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/342.0657d637.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/343.6757b598.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/344.eb356eae.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/345.e61fd7a0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/347.38bbefab.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/348.53daceee.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/349.cf4bf014.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/35.5612ab6a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/350.1066134b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/351.70c60d7d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/352.38c78131.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/353.8c271a83.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/354.f07fe232.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/355.75b97cf0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/356.7e54a7f7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/357.186ba021.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/358.239bc6cd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/359.5b5efbc0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/36.5a401e9f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/360.dc8c37e4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/361.0ffc00b2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/362.0b44b216.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/363.957ae19e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/364.f744f1cf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/365.228a2005.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/366.6dc37394.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/367.56ff065b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/368.9689ca0c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/369.ed6d9c14.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/37.692720e1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/370.584442b6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/371.770d40de.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/372.6b44d26d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/373.4548d4c0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/374.e347ead4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/375.774420c2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/376.4b504e94.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/377.e3d4af2c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/378.8265e3af.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/379.06514b26.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/38.eebc30e0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/380.413183d4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/381.570e7c14.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/382.6e94a17d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/383.ab06426d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/384.8cde732c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/385.edbe545d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/386.5edbd64b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/387.d08b9da1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/388.3cafa76f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/389.ac1c71b5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/39.9ccd0236.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/390.e3c6dc5b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/391.097ce5d5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/392.6c36a3c8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/393.cc10c814.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/394.0f496e89.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/395.829eba9f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/396.3ff26d83.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/397.bee7fd8b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/398.812712cf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/399.359fa7fe.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/4.9c4b1c6d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/40.78497aeb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/400.39779156.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/401.df776005.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/402.be1f5783.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/403.8856d7b1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/404.562089b0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/405.93f42baf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/406.8dbc7179.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/407.ab430854.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/408.78190c9f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/409.5885c231.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/41.f483212d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/410.b081220a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/411.a36444c4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/412.ceb1c2f9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/413.9a587755.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/414.76fbf607.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/415.4dcc07c7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/416.67a151b4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/417.8f1f6147.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/418.d5fc9d05.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/419.540dcd2a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/42.ffb032af.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/420.6e0a10f2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/421.a6c3c8af.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/422.47653244.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/423.cb7eba6d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/424.9d5aa304.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/425.d2f6e40e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/426.d6deb76a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/427.d39d619c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/428.6e4e5abb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/429.0f2edacf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/43.7406f914.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/430.ddcfba32.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/431.5ecf6e5d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/432.b578015e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/433.90540732.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/434.04a8d2c6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/435.959e7362.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/436.891b6ce7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/437.7c983dad.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/438.f7e133f1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/439.692da598.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/44.3bea749e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/440.2971f4ef.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/441.e12292fb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/442.08f60114.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/443.9f684f2a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/444.d100eb74.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/445.733e07b3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/446.b1a5daaf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/447.b565b8e7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/448.c4d1c15e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/449.f9f855be.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/45.4f6dc502.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/450.3ff3ce7b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/451.f43857ff.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/452.3a8bb15a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/453.4d5d4319.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/454.e0838804.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/455.86256c6f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/456.98d95ce5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/457.27f821d2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/458.0e11d249.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/459.6b8af96a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/46.e460983d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/460.5294a47f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/461.5cb7cfb1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/462.214e91ce.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/463.54494074.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/464.0e1615f7.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/465.c61d57fa.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/466.88c375a9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/467.b3f00de3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/468.8f2561ff.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/469.741b348f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/47.e56ee397.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/470.ba1d5a08.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/471.9842c3d9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/472.887667b1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/473.ac9f4dc8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/474.7ab2ad2f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/475.04c8df23.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/476.369e6ad4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/477.cd44b6c4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/478.1c4e292d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/479.18311c46.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/48.bec9faeb.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/480.6a119ed5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/481.6504abc3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/482.a0850ad4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/483.11c430e0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/484.cb6bc4a3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/485.fef6bd3e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/486.9cbb009e.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/487.bf3ac79b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/488.cdeb35a5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/489.dad79eab.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/49.f271ac34.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/490.61225193.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/491.862665a1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/492.e16d11e1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/493.83997cf9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/494.607eaccf.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/495.47d53a9a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/496.166c88c4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/497.3b9635e2.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/498.8e8025ec.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/499.22f6be18.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/5.2a4451ec.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/50.e60dabfc.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/500.517d8628.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/501.c5ae8bda.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/502.3dc27869.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/503.d6cc184c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/504.203d7395.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/505.6cf56773.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/506.ccaa022c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/507.1fc56592.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/508.1250eed8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/509.a1a7285a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/51.fd01b1a1.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/510.de535a70.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/511.c6a7f5d8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/512.dca82ab9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/513.8d501ad4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/514.b07be8d6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/515.9ea728dd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/516.3cccca96.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/517.1d7ee046.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/518.05cb30e8.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/519.f838c1ca.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/52.c17bb00d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/520.e41e66ce.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/521.4726d233.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/522.045aff30.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/523.9d9b45b5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/524.9ff01ede.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/525.ba766db5.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/526.9f70e3c0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/527.1af75ed9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/528.85194f33.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/529.7f05b847.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/53.f69e6824.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/530.4f9b779c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/531.54b0ee66.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/532.7107ab4b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/54.29e4a381.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/55.9d4b8667.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/56.00691552.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/57.c942381a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/58.89130d49.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/59.f0da0bf3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/6.3450075a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/60.53b7d88b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/61.b70ccd57.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/62.ca60798b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/63.ba337fc9.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/64.ed6b77b6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/65.1dbdb0ee.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/66.aa4ead2c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/67.29edf638.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/68.b614ca3d.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/69.8f65fe0a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/7.c5c54fb4.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/70.dade9939.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/71.dbdc4216.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/72.37c2db55.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/73.40fb8290.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/74.6fb3093b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/75.d96505fe.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/76.9c4f055c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/77.3c1e294c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/78.202bcf6c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/79.4e6d41b0.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/8.68d2fe5c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/80.8358bd99.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/81.b603dd42.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/82.bebbea34.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/83.764d566c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/84.4867883c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/85.bfe2dffd.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/86.0d9031f6.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/87.88112820.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/88.208d123f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/89.75ed1194.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/9.e94d434b.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/90.7f184d9a.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/91.6595997c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/92.791938c3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/93.8bd8d987.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/94.0e7734d3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/95.45187f8f.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/96.6b29372c.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/97.7eaeb339.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/98.391d8ef3.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/99.8e370fea.js"><link rel="prefetch" href="/assets/js/vendors~docsearch.eff714eb.js">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/css/0.styles.ccadf850.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="app" data-server-rendered="true"><div class="theme-container"><header class="navbar"><div class="sidebar-button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="icon"><path fill="currentColor" d="M436 124H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12V80c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12zm0 160H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-32c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12zm0 160H12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-32c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h424c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v32c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12z"></path></svg></div> <a href="/zh/" class="home-link router-link-active"><img src="/img/logo.png" alt=" " class="logo"></a> <div class="links"><div class="search-box"><input aria-label="Search" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" value=""> <!----></div> <nav class="nav-links can-hide"><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">文档</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></a> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Get Started/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link">In progress</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.11.x/Get Started/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link">V0.11.x</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.10.x/Get Started/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link">V0.10.x</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.9.x/0-Get Started/1-QuickStart.html" class="nav-link">V0.9.x</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.8.x/0-Get Started/1-QuickStart.html" class="nav-link">V0.8.x</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/SystemDesign/Architecture/Architecture.html" class="nav-link">系统设计</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/Download/" class="nav-link">下载</a></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">社区</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></a> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/iotdb" class="nav-link external">
Wiki
<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Community/Community-Project Committers.html" class="nav-link">开发人员</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Community/Community-Powered By.html" class="nav-link">技术支持</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/Community/Materials.html" class="nav-link">活动与报告</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Community/Feedback.html" class="nav-link">交流与反馈</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">开发</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></a> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Development/VoteRelease.html" class="nav-link">如何投票</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Development/HowToCommit.html" class="nav-link">如何提交代码</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Development/Committer.html" class="nav-link">成为Committer</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Development/ContributeGuide.html" class="nav-link">项目开发指南</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Development/format-changelist.html" class="nav-link">TsFile的更改列表</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Development/rpc-changelist.html" class="nav-link">RPC变更清单</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">ASF</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></a> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.apache.org/" class="nav-link external">
基金会
<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/" class="nav-link external">
许可证
<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.apache.org/security/" class="nav-link external">
安全
<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html" class="nav-link external">
赞助
<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html" class="nav-link external">
致谢
<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.apache.org/events/current-event" class="nav-link external">
活动
<!----></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">语言</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></a> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/DML Data Manipulation Language.html" class="nav-link">English</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/DML Data Manipulation Language.html" class="nav-link">简体中文</a></li></ul></div></div> <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb.git" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="repo-link">
gitHub
<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav></div></header> <div class="sidebar-mask"></div> <aside class="sidebar"><nav class="nav-links"><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">文档</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></a> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Get Started/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link">In progress</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.11.x/Get Started/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link">V0.11.x</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.10.x/Get Started/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link">V0.10.x</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.9.x/0-Get Started/1-QuickStart.html" class="nav-link">V0.9.x</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.8.x/0-Get Started/1-QuickStart.html" class="nav-link">V0.8.x</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/SystemDesign/Architecture/Architecture.html" class="nav-link">系统设计</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="/zh/Download/" class="nav-link">下载</a></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">社区</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></a> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/iotdb" class="nav-link external">
Wiki
<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Community/Community-Project Committers.html" class="nav-link">开发人员</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Community/Community-Powered By.html" class="nav-link">技术支持</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/Community/Materials.html" class="nav-link">活动与报告</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Community/Feedback.html" class="nav-link">交流与反馈</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">开发</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></a> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Development/VoteRelease.html" class="nav-link">如何投票</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Development/HowToCommit.html" class="nav-link">如何提交代码</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Development/Committer.html" class="nav-link">成为Committer</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Development/ContributeGuide.html" class="nav-link">项目开发指南</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Development/format-changelist.html" class="nav-link">TsFile的更改列表</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/Development/rpc-changelist.html" class="nav-link">RPC变更清单</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">ASF</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></a> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.apache.org/" class="nav-link external">
基金会
<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/" class="nav-link external">
许可证
<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.apache.org/security/" class="nav-link external">
安全
<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html" class="nav-link external">
赞助
<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html" class="nav-link external">
致谢
<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="http://www.apache.org/events/current-event" class="nav-link external">
活动
<!----></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">语言</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></a> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/DML Data Manipulation Language.html" class="nav-link">English</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/DML Data Manipulation Language.html" class="nav-link">简体中文</a></li></ul></div></div> <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb.git" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="repo-link">
gitHub
<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav> <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>IoTDB用户手册 (In progress)</span> <!----></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>开始</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>概述</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>概念</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>服务器端</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>客户端</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>操作指南</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/DDL Data Definition Language.html" class="sidebar-link">DDL (数据定义语言)</a></li><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/DML Data Manipulation Language.html" class="active sidebar-link">DML (数据操作语言)</a></li><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/UDF User Defined Function.html" class="sidebar-link">UDF(用户自定义函数)</a></li><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/Kill Query.html" class="sidebar-link">中止查询</a></li><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/Administration.html" class="sidebar-link">权限管理语句</a></li><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/SQL Reference.html" class="sidebar-link">SQL 参考文档</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>系统工具</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>生态集成</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>系统设计</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="content content__default"><h1 id="dml-数据操作语言"><a href="#dml-数据操作语言" class="header-anchor">#</a> DML (数据操作语言)</h1> <h2 id="数据接入"><a href="#数据接入" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数据接入</h2> <p>IoTDB为用户提供多种插入实时数据的方式,例如在<a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Client/Command Line Interface.html">Cli/Shell工具</a>中直接输入插入数据的INSERT语句,或使用Java API(标准<a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Client/Programming - JDBC.html">Java JDBC</a>接口)单条或批量执行插入数据的INSERT语句。</p> <p>本节主要为您介绍实时数据接入的INSERT语句在场景中的实际使用示例,有关INSERT SQL语句的详细语法请参见本文<a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/SQL Reference.html">INSERT语句</a>节。</p> <h3 id="使用insert语句"><a href="#使用insert语句" class="header-anchor">#</a> 使用INSERT语句</h3> <p>使用INSERT语句可以向指定的已经创建的一条或多条时间序列中插入数据。对于每一条数据,均由一个时间戳类型的时间戳和一个数值或布尔值、字符串类型的传感器采集值组成。</p> <p>在本节的场景实例下,以其中的两个时间序列<code>root.ln.wf02.wt02.status</code><code>root.ln.wf02.wt02.hardware</code>为例 ,它们的数据类型分别为BOOLEAN和TEXT。</p> <p>单列数据插入示例代码如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IoTDB &gt; insert into root.ln.wf02.wt02(timestamp,status) values(1,true)
IoTDB &gt; insert into root.ln.wf02.wt02(timestamp,hardware) values(1, &quot;v1&quot;)
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>以上示例代码将长整型的timestamp以及值为true的数据插入到时间序列<code>root.ln.wf02.wt02.status</code>中和将长整型的timestamp以及值为”v1”的数据插入到时间序列<code>root.ln.wf02.wt02.hardware</code>中。执行成功后会返回执行时间,代表数据插入已完成。</p> <blockquote><p>注意:在IoTDB中,TEXT类型的数据单双引号都可以来表示,上面的插入语句是用的是双引号表示TEXT类型数据,下面的示例将使用单引号表示TEXT类型数据。</p></blockquote> <p>INSERT语句还可以支持在同一个时间点下多列数据的插入,同时向2时间点插入上述两个时间序列的值,多列数据插入示例代码如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IoTDB &gt; insert into root.ln.wf02.wt02(timestamp, status, hardware) VALUES (2, false, 'v2')
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>插入数据后我们可以使用SELECT语句简单查询已插入的数据。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IoTDB &gt; select * from root.ln.wf02 where time &lt; 3
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>结果如图所示。由查询结果可以看出,单列、多列数据的插入操作正确执行。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+--------------------------+------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf02.wt02.hardware|root.ln.wf02.wt02.status|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00| v1| true|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00| v2| false|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+------------------------+
Total line number = 2
It costs 0.170s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><h2 id="数据查询"><a href="#数据查询" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数据查询</h2> <h3 id="时间切片查询"><a href="#时间切片查询" class="header-anchor">#</a> 时间切片查询</h3> <p>本节主要介绍时间切片查询的相关示例,主要使用的是<a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/SQL Reference.html">IoTDB SELECT语句</a>。同时,您也可以使用<a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Client/Programming - JDBC.html">Java JDBC</a>标准接口来执行相关的查询语句。</p> <h4 id="根据一个时间区间选择一列数据"><a href="#根据一个时间区间选择一列数据" class="header-anchor">#</a> 根据一个时间区间选择一列数据</h4> <p>SQL语句为:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select temperature from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &lt; 2017-11-01T00:08:00.000
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>其含义为:</p> <p>被选择的设备为ln集团wf01子站wt01设备;被选择的时间序列为温度传感器(temperature);该语句要求选择出该设备在“2017-11-01T00:08:00.000”(此处可以使用多种时间格式,详情可参看<a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Concept/Data Model and Terminology.html">2.1节</a>)时间点以前的所有温度传感器的值。</p> <p>该SQL语句的执行结果如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 25.96|
|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00| 24.36|
|2017-11-01T00:02:00.000+08:00| 20.09|
|2017-11-01T00:03:00.000+08:00| 20.18|
|2017-11-01T00:04:00.000+08:00| 21.13|
|2017-11-01T00:05:00.000+08:00| 22.72|
|2017-11-01T00:06:00.000+08:00| 20.71|
|2017-11-01T00:07:00.000+08:00| 21.45|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
Total line number = 8
It costs 0.026s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><h4 id="根据一个时间区间选择多列数据"><a href="#根据一个时间区间选择多列数据" class="header-anchor">#</a> 根据一个时间区间选择多列数据</h4> <p>SQL语句为:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select status, temperature from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &gt; 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000 and time &lt; 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000;
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>其含义为:</p> <p>被选择的设备为ln集团wf01子站wt01设备;被选择的时间序列为供电状态(status)和温度传感器(temperature);该语句要求选择出“2017-11-01T00:05:00.000”至“2017-11-01T00:12:00.000”之间的所选时间序列的值。</p> <p>该SQL语句的执行结果如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:06:00.000+08:00| false| 20.71|
|2017-11-01T00:07:00.000+08:00| false| 21.45|
|2017-11-01T00:08:00.000+08:00| false| 22.58|
|2017-11-01T00:09:00.000+08:00| false| 20.98|
|2017-11-01T00:10:00.000+08:00| true| 25.52|
|2017-11-01T00:11:00.000+08:00| false| 22.91|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
Total line number = 6
It costs 0.018s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><h4 id="按照多个时间区间选择同一设备的多列数据"><a href="#按照多个时间区间选择同一设备的多列数据" class="header-anchor">#</a> 按照多个时间区间选择同一设备的多列数据</h4> <p>IoTDB支持在一次查询中指定多个时间区间条件,用户可以根据需求随意组合时间区间条件。例如,</p> <p>SQL语句为:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select status,temperature from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where (time &gt; 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000 and time &lt; 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000) or (time &gt;= 2017-11-01T16:35:00.000 and time &lt;= 2017-11-01T16:37:00.000);
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>其含义为:</p> <p>被选择的设备为ln集团wf01子站wt01设备;被选择的时间序列为“供电状态(status)”和“温度传感器(temperature)”;该语句指定了两个不同的时间区间,分别为“2017-11-01T00:05:00.000至2017-11-01T00:12:00.000”和“2017-11-01T16:35:00.000至2017-11-01T16:37:00.000”;该语句要求选择出满足任一时间区间的被选时间序列的值。</p> <p>该SQL语句的执行结果如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:06:00.000+08:00| false| 20.71|
|2017-11-01T00:07:00.000+08:00| false| 21.45|
|2017-11-01T00:08:00.000+08:00| false| 22.58|
|2017-11-01T00:09:00.000+08:00| false| 20.98|
|2017-11-01T00:10:00.000+08:00| true| 25.52|
|2017-11-01T00:11:00.000+08:00| false| 22.91|
|2017-11-01T16:35:00.000+08:00| true| 23.44|
|2017-11-01T16:36:00.000+08:00| false| 21.98|
|2017-11-01T16:37:00.000+08:00| false| 21.93|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
Total line number = 9
It costs 0.018s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><h4 id="按照多个时间区间选择不同设备的多列数据"><a href="#按照多个时间区间选择不同设备的多列数据" class="header-anchor">#</a> 按照多个时间区间选择不同设备的多列数据</h4> <p>该系统支持在一次查询中选择任意列的数据,也就是说,被选择的列可以来源于不同的设备。例如,SQL语句为:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select wf01.wt01.status,wf02.wt02.hardware from root.ln where (time &gt; 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000 and time &lt; 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000) or (time &gt;= 2017-11-01T16:35:00.000 and time &lt;= 2017-11-01T16:37:00.000);
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>其含义为:</p> <p>被选择的时间序列为“ln集团wf01子站wt01设备的供电状态”以及“ln集团wf02子站wt02设备的硬件版本”;该语句指定了两个时间区间,分别为“2017-11-01T00:05:00.000至2017-11-01T00:12:00.000”和“2017-11-01T16:35:00.000至2017-11-01T16:37:00.000”;该语句要求选择出满足任意时间区间的被选时间序列的值。</p> <p>该SQL语句的执行结果如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+------------------------+--------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|root.ln.wf02.wt02.hardware|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+--------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:06:00.000+08:00| false| v1|
|2017-11-01T00:07:00.000+08:00| false| v1|
|2017-11-01T00:08:00.000+08:00| false| v1|
|2017-11-01T00:09:00.000+08:00| false| v1|
|2017-11-01T00:10:00.000+08:00| true| v2|
|2017-11-01T00:11:00.000+08:00| false| v1|
|2017-11-01T16:35:00.000+08:00| true| v2|
|2017-11-01T16:36:00.000+08:00| false| v1|
|2017-11-01T16:37:00.000+08:00| false| v1|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+--------------------------+
Total line number = 9
It costs 0.014s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><h4 id="根据时间降序返回"><a href="#根据时间降序返回" class="header-anchor">#</a> 根据时间降序返回</h4> <p>IoTDB 在 0.11 版本开始支持 'order by time' 语句, 用于对结果按照时间进行降序展示。例如,SQL语句为:</p> <div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ln <span class="token keyword">where</span> <span class="token keyword">time</span> <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token keyword">order</span> <span class="token keyword">by</span> <span class="token keyword">time</span> <span class="token keyword">desc</span> <span class="token keyword">limit</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>语句执行的结果为:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+--------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf02.wt02.hardware|root.ln.wf02.wt02.status|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+
|2017-11-07T23:59:00.000+08:00| v1| false| 21.07| false|
|2017-11-07T23:58:00.000+08:00| v1| false| 22.93| false|
|2017-11-07T23:57:00.000+08:00| v2| true| 24.39| true|
|2017-11-07T23:56:00.000+08:00| v2| true| 24.44| true|
|2017-11-07T23:55:00.000+08:00| v2| true| 25.9| true|
|2017-11-07T23:54:00.000+08:00| v1| false| 22.52| false|
|2017-11-07T23:53:00.000+08:00| v2| true| 24.58| true|
|2017-11-07T23:52:00.000+08:00| v1| false| 20.18| false|
|2017-11-07T23:51:00.000+08:00| v1| false| 22.24| false|
|2017-11-07T23:50:00.000+08:00| v2| true| 23.7| true|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+
Total line number = 10
It costs 0.016s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><p>更多语法请参照 <a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/SQL Reference.html">SQL REFERENCE</a>.</p> <h4 id="其他结果返回形式"><a href="#其他结果返回形式" class="header-anchor">#</a> 其他结果返回形式</h4> <p>IoTDB支持另外两种结果返回形式: 按设备时间对齐 'align by device' 和 时序不对齐 'disable align'.</p> <p>'align by device' 对齐方式下,设备ID会单独作为一列出现。在 select 子句中写了多少列,最终结果就会有该列数+2 (时间列和设备名字列)。SQL形如:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select * from root.ln.* where time &lt;= 2017-11-01T00:01:00 align by device
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>结果如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------+--------+
| Time| Device|temperature|status|hardware|
+-----------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------+--------+
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00|root.ln.wf01.wt01| 25.96| true| null|
|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00|root.ln.wf01.wt01| 24.36| true| null|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00|root.ln.wf02.wt02| null| true| v1|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|root.ln.wf02.wt02| null| false| v2|
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00|root.ln.wf02.wt02| null| true| v2|
|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00|root.ln.wf02.wt02| null| true| v2|
+-----------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------+--------+
Total line number = 6
It costs 0.012s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><p>'disable align' 意味着每条时序就有 2 列存在。Disable Align只能用于查询语句句尾,不能用于聚合查询、Fill语句、Group by或Group by device语句,但可用于Limit语句。结果显示若无数据显示为空白。</p> <p>SQL形如:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select * from root.ln.* where time &lt;= 2017-11-01T00:01:00 disable align
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>结果如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+--------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf02.wt02.hardware| Time|root.ln.wf02.wt02.status| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00| v1|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00| true|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 25.96|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| true|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00| v2|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00| false|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00| 24.36|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00| true|
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| v2|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| true| null| null| null| null|
|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00| v2|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00| true| null| null| null| null|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+
Total line number = 4
It costs 0.018s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><p>更多语法请参照<a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/SQL Reference.html">SQL REFERENCE</a></p> <h3 id="时间序列生成函数查询"><a href="#时间序列生成函数查询" class="header-anchor">#</a> 时间序列生成函数查询</h3> <p>时间序列生成函数可接受若干原始时间序列作为输入,产生一列时间序列输出。与聚合函数不同的是,时间序列生成函数的结果集带有时间戳列。</p> <p>所有的时间序列生成函数都可以接受 * 作为输入,都可以与原始查询混合进行。</p> <h4 id="数学函数"><a href="#数学函数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数学函数</h4> <p>目前IoTDB支持下列数学函数,这些数学函数的行为与这些函数在Java Math标准库中对应实现的行为一致。</p> <table><thead><tr><th>函数名</th> <th>输入序列类型</th> <th>输出序列类型</th> <th>Java标准库中的对应实现</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td>SIN</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#sin(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>COS</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#cos(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>TAN</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#tan(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>ASIN</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#asin(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>ACOS</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#acos(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>ATAN</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#atan(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>DEGREES</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#toDegrees(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>RADIANS</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#toRadians(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>ABS</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>与输入序列的实际类型一致</td> <td>Math#abs(int) / Math#abs(long) /Math#abs(float) /Math#abs(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>SIGN</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#signum(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>CEIL</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#ceil(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>FLOOR</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#floor(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>ROUND</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#rint(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>EXP</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#exp(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>LN</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#log(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>LOG10</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#log10(double)</td></tr> <tr><td>SQRT</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>Math#sqrt(double)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>例如:</p> <div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sin<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> cos<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> tan<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">limit</span> <span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token keyword">offset</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>结果:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+-------------------+
| Time| root.sg1.d1.s1|sin(root.sg1.d1.s1)| cos(root.sg1.d1.s1)|tan(root.sg1.d1.s1)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+-------------------+
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.037+08:00|7360723084922759782| 0.8133527237573284| 0.5817708713544664| 1.3980636773094157|
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.038+08:00|4377791063319964531|-0.8938962705202537| 0.4482738644511651| -1.994085181866842|
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.039+08:00|7972485567734642915| 0.9627757585308978|-0.27030138509681073|-3.5618602479083545|
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.040+08:00|2508858212791964081|-0.6073417341629443| -0.7944406950452296| 0.7644897069734913|
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.041+08:00|2817297431185141819|-0.8419358900502509| -0.5395775727782725| 1.5603611649667768|
+-----------------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+-------------------+
Total line number = 5
It costs 0.008s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><h4 id="字符串函数"><a href="#字符串函数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 字符串函数</h4> <p>目前IoTDB支持下列字符串处理函数:</p> <table><thead><tr><th>函数名</th> <th>输入序列类型</th> <th>必要的属性参数</th> <th>输出序列类型</th> <th>功能描述</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td>STRING_CONTAINS</td> <td>TEXT</td> <td><code>s</code>: 待搜寻的字符串</td> <td>BOOLEAN</td> <td>判断字符串中是否存在<code>s</code></td></tr> <tr><td>STRING_MATCHES</td> <td>TEXT</td> <td><code>regex</code>: Java标准库风格的正则表达式</td> <td>BOOLEAN</td> <td>判断字符串是否能够被正则表达式<code>regex</code>匹配</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>例如:</p> <div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> string_contains<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;s&quot;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;warn&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> string_matches<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;regex&quot;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;[^\\s]+37229&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d4<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>结果:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
| Time|root.sg1.d4.s1|string_contains(root.sg1.d4.s1, &quot;s&quot;=&quot;warn&quot;)|string_matches(root.sg1.d4.s1, &quot;regex&quot;=&quot;[^\\s]+37229&quot;)|
+-----------------------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00| warn:-8721| true| false|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00| error:-37229| false| true|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.003+08:00| warn:1731| true| false|
+-----------------------------+--------------+-------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------+
Total line number = 3
It costs 0.007s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><h4 id="选择函数"><a href="#选择函数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 选择函数</h4> <p>目前IoTDB支持如下选择函数:</p> <table><thead><tr><th>函数名</th> <th>输入序列类型</th> <th>必要的属性参数</th> <th>输出序列类型</th> <th>功能描述</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td>TOP_K</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE / TEXT</td> <td><code>k</code>: 最多选择的数据点数,必须大于0小于等于1000</td> <td>与输入序列的实际类型一致</td> <td>返回某时间序列中值最大的<code>k</code>个数据点。若多于<code>k</code>个数据点的值并列最大,则返回时间戳最小的数据点。</td></tr> <tr><td>BOTTOM_K</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE / TEXT</td> <td><code>k</code>: 最多选择的数据点数,必须大于0小于等于1000</td> <td>与输入序列的实际类型一致</td> <td>返回某时间序列中值最小的<code>k</code>个数据点。若多于<code>k</code>个数据点的值并列最小,则返回时间戳最小的数据点。</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>例如:</p> <div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> top_k<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;k&quot;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;2&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> bottom_k<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;k&quot;</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&quot;2&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2 <span class="token keyword">where</span> <span class="token keyword">time</span> <span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token number">2020</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">12</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token number">10</span>T20:<span class="token number">36</span>:<span class="token number">15.530</span><span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token number">08</span>:<span class="token number">00</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>结果:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+---------------------------------+
| Time| root.sg1.d2.s1|top_k(root.sg1.d2.s1, &quot;k&quot;=&quot;2&quot;)|bottom_k(root.sg1.d2.s1, &quot;k&quot;=&quot;2&quot;)|
+-----------------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+---------------------------------+
|2020-12-10T20:36:15.531+08:00| 1531604122307244742| 1531604122307244742| null|
|2020-12-10T20:36:15.532+08:00|-7426070874923281101| null| null|
|2020-12-10T20:36:15.533+08:00|-7162825364312197604| -7162825364312197604| null|
|2020-12-10T20:36:15.534+08:00|-8581625725655917595| null| -8581625725655917595|
|2020-12-10T20:36:15.535+08:00|-7667364751255535391| null| -7667364751255535391|
+-----------------------------+--------------------+------------------------------+---------------------------------+
Total line number = 5
It costs 0.006s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><h4 id="趋势计算函数"><a href="#趋势计算函数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 趋势计算函数</h4> <p>目前IoTDB支持如下趋势计算函数:</p> <table><thead><tr><th>函数名</th> <th>输入序列类型</th> <th>输出序列类型</th> <th>功能描述</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td>TIME_DIFFERENCE</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE / BOOLEAN / TEXT</td> <td>INT64</td> <td>统计序列中某数据点的时间戳与前一数据点时间戳的差。范围内第一个数据点没有对应的结果输出。</td></tr> <tr><td>DIFFERENCE</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>与输入序列的实际类型一致</td> <td>统计序列中某数据点的值与前一数据点的值的差。范围内第一个数据点没有对应的结果输出。</td></tr> <tr><td>NON_NEGATIVE_DIFFERENCE</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>与输入序列的实际类型一致</td> <td>统计序列中某数据点的值与前一数据点的值的差的绝对值。范围内第一个数据点没有对应的结果输出。</td></tr> <tr><td>DERIVATIVE</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>统计序列中某数据点相对于前一数据点的变化率,数量上等同于 DIFFERENCE / TIME_DIFFERENCE。范围内第一个数据点没有对应的结果输出。</td></tr> <tr><td>NON_NEGATIVE_DERIVATIVE</td> <td>INT32 / INT64 / FLOAT / DOUBLE</td> <td>DOUBLE</td> <td>统计序列中某数据点相对于前一数据点的变化率的绝对值,数量上等同于 NON_NEGATIVE_DIFFERENCE / TIME_DIFFERENCE。范围内第一个数据点没有对应的结果输出。</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>例如:</p> <div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> time_difference<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> difference<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> non_negative_difference<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> derivative<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> non_negative_derivative<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1 <span class="token keyword">limit</span> <span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token keyword">offset</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>结果:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Time| root.sg1.d1.s1|time_difference(root.sg1.d1.s1)|difference(root.sg1.d1.s1)|non_negative_difference(root.sg1.d1.s1)|derivative(root.sg1.d1.s1)|non_negative_derivative(root.sg1.d1.s1)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.037+08:00|7360723084922759782| 1| -8431715764844238876| 8431715764844238876| -8.4317157648442388E18| 8.4317157648442388E18|
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.038+08:00|4377791063319964531| 1| -2982932021602795251| 2982932021602795251| -2.982932021602795E18| 2.982932021602795E18|
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.039+08:00|7972485567734642915| 1| 3594694504414678384| 3594694504414678384| 3.5946945044146785E18| 3.5946945044146785E18|
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.040+08:00|2508858212791964081| 1| -5463627354942678834| 5463627354942678834| -5.463627354942679E18| 5.463627354942679E18|
|2020-12-10T17:11:49.041+08:00|2817297431185141819| 1| 308439218393177738| 308439218393177738| 3.0843921839317773E17| 3.0843921839317773E17|
+-----------------------------+-------------------+-------------------------------+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+
Total line number = 5
It costs 0.014s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><h4 id="自定义序列生成函数"><a href="#自定义序列生成函数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 自定义序列生成函数</h4> <p>请参考 <a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/UDF User Defined Function.html">UDF (用户定义函数)</a></p> <h3 id="聚合查询"><a href="#聚合查询" class="header-anchor">#</a> 聚合查询</h3> <p>本章节主要介绍聚合查询的相关示例,
主要使用的是IoTDB SELECT语句的聚合查询函数。</p> <h4 id="统计总点数"><a href="#统计总点数" class="header-anchor">#</a> 统计总点数</h4> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select count(status) from root.ln.wf01.wt01;
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>结果:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-------------------------------+
|count(root.ln.wf01.wt01.status)|
+-------------------------------+
| 10080|
+-------------------------------+
Total line number = 1
It costs 0.016s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><h4 id="分层聚合查询"><a href="#分层聚合查询" class="header-anchor">#</a> 分层聚合查询</h4> <p>在时间序列层级结构中,分层聚合查询用于对某一层级进行聚合查询。
这里使用LEVEL来统计指定层级下的聚合范围,该语句约定root为第0层序列,若统计&quot;root.ln&quot;下所有序列则需指定level为1。</p> <p>例如:在&quot;root.ln.wf01&quot;下存在多个子序列:wt01,wt02,wt03等均有名为status的序列,
如果需要统计这些子序列的status包含的点个数,使用以下查询:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select count(status) from root.ln.wf01.* group by level=2
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>运行结果为:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+----------------------------+
|count(root.ln.wf01.*.status)|
+----------------------------+
| 10080|
+----------------------------+
Total line number = 1
It costs 0.003s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p>假设此时添加两条序列,&quot;root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature&quot; and &quot;root.ln.wf02.wt01.temperature&quot;。
需要同时查询&quot;root.ln.*.*.temperature&quot;在第二层级的count聚合结果和sum聚合结果,可以使用下列查询语句:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select count(temperature), sum(temperature) from root.ln.*.* group by level=2
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>运行结果:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
|count(root.ln.wf02.*.temperature)|count(root.ln.wf01.*.temperature)|sum(root.ln.wf02.*.temperature)|sum(root.ln.wf01.*.temperature)|
+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
| 8| 4| 228.0| 91.83000183105469|
+---------------------------------+---------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
Total line number = 1
It costs 0.013s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p>若统计&quot;root.ln.*.*&quot;下第一层级的count聚合结果和sum聚合结果,则设置level=1即可:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select count(temperature), sum(temperature) from root.ln.*.* group by level=1
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>运行结果:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+------------------------------+----------------------------+
|count(root.ln.*.*.temperature)|sum(root.ln.*.*.temperature)|
+------------------------------+----------------------------+
| 12| 319.8300018310547|
+------------------------------+----------------------------+
Total line number = 1
It costs 0.013s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p>分层聚合查询也可被用于其他聚合函数,当前所支持的聚合函数为:count, sum, avg, last_value, first_value, min_time, max_time, min_value, max_value</p> <p>对于sum, avg, min_value, max_value四种聚合函数,需保证所有聚合的时间序列数据类型相同。其他聚合函数没有此限制。</p> <h3 id="降频聚合查询"><a href="#降频聚合查询" class="header-anchor">#</a> 降频聚合查询</h3> <p>本章节主要介绍降频聚合查询的相关示例,
主要使用的是IoTDB SELECT语句的<a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/SQL Reference.html">GROUP BY子句</a>
该子句是IoTDB中用于根据用户给定划分条件对结果集进行划分,并对已划分的结果集进行聚合计算的语句。
IoTDB支持根据时间间隔和自定义的滑动步长(默认值与时间间隔相同,自定义的值必须大于等于时间间隔)对结果集进行划分,默认结果按照时间升序排列。
同时,您也可以使用Java JDBC标准接口来执行相关的查询语句。</p> <p>GROUP BY语句为用户提供三类指定参数:</p> <ul><li>参数1:时间轴显示时间窗参数</li> <li>参数2:划分时间轴的时间间隔参数(必须为正数)</li> <li>参数3:滑动步长(可选参数,默认值与时间间隔相同,自定义的值必须大于等于时间间隔)</li></ul> <p>三类参数的实际含义已经在图5.2中指出,这三类参数里,第三个参数是可选的。
接下来,我们将给出三种典型的降频聚合查询的例子:
滑动步长未指定,
指定滑动步长,
带值过滤条件。</p> <center><img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/16079446/69109512-f808bc80-0ab2-11ea-9e4d-b2b2f58fb474.png" style="width:100%;max-width:800px;max-height:600px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;display:block;">
**图 5.2 三类参数的实际含义**</center> <h4 id="未指定滑动步长的降频聚合查询"><a href="#未指定滑动步长的降频聚合查询" class="header-anchor">#</a> 未指定滑动步长的降频聚合查询</h4> <p>对应的SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select count(status), max_value(temperature) from root.ln.wf01.wt01 group by ([2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2017-11-07T23:00:00),1d);
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>这条查询的含义是:</p> <p>由于用户没有指定滑动步长,滑动步长将会被默认设置为跟时间间隔参数相同,也就是<code>1d</code></p> <p>上面这个例子的第一个参数是显示窗口参数,决定了最终的显示范围是[2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2017-11-07T23:00:00)。</p> <p>上面这个例子的第二个参数是划分时间轴的时间间隔参数,将<code>1d</code>当作划分间隔,显示窗口参数的起始时间当作分割原点,时间轴即被划分为连续的时间间隔:[0,1d), [1d, 2d), [2d, 3d)等等。</p> <p>然后系统将会用WHERE子句中的时间和值过滤条件以及GROUP BY语句中的第一个参数作为数据的联合过滤条件,获得满足所有过滤条件的数据(在这个例子里是在[2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2017-11-07 T23:00:00)这个时间范围的数据),并把这些数据映射到之前分割好的时间轴中(这个例子里是从2017-11-01T00:00:00到2017-11-07T23:00:00:00的每一天)</p> <p>每个时间间隔窗口内都有数据,SQL执行后的结果集如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+----------------------------------------+
| Time|count(root.ln.wf01.wt01.status)|max_value(root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440| 26.0|
|2017-11-02T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440| 26.0|
|2017-11-03T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440| 25.99|
|2017-11-04T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440| 26.0|
|2017-11-05T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440| 26.0|
|2017-11-06T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440| 25.99|
|2017-11-07T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1380| 26.0|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+----------------------------------------+
Total line number = 7
It costs 0.024s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><h4 id="指定滑动步长的降频聚合查询"><a href="#指定滑动步长的降频聚合查询" class="header-anchor">#</a> 指定滑动步长的降频聚合查询</h4> <p>对应的SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select count(status), max_value(temperature) from root.ln.wf01.wt01 group by ([2017-11-01 00:00:00, 2017-11-07 23:00:00), 3h, 1d);
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>这条查询的含义是:</p> <p>由于用户指定了滑动步长为<code>1d</code>,GROUP BY语句执行时将会每次把时间间隔往后移动一天的步长,而不是默认的3小时。</p> <p>也就意味着,我们想要取从2017-11-01到2017-11-07每一天的凌晨0点到凌晨3点的数据。</p> <p>上面这个例子的第一个参数是显示窗口参数,决定了最终的显示范围是[2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2017-11-07T23:00:00)。</p> <p>上面这个例子的第二个参数是划分时间轴的时间间隔参数,将<code>3h</code>当作划分间隔,显示窗口参数的起始时间当作分割原点,时间轴即被划分为连续的时间间隔:[2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2017-11-01T03:00:00), [2017-11-02T00:00:00, 2017-11-02T03:00:00), [2017-11-03T00:00:00, 2017-11-03T03:00:00)等等。</p> <p>上面这个例子的第三个参数是每次时间间隔的滑动步长。</p> <p>然后系统将会用WHERE子句中的时间和值过滤条件以及GROUP BY语句中的第一个参数作为数据的联合过滤条件,获得满足所有过滤条件的数据(在这个例子里是在[2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2017-11-07 T23:00:00)这个时间范围的数据),并把这些数据映射到之前分割好的时间轴中(这个例子里是从2017-11-01T00:00:00到2017-11-07T23:00:00:00的每一天的凌晨0点到凌晨3点)</p> <p>每个时间间隔窗口内都有数据,SQL执行后的结果集如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+----------------------------------------+
| Time|count(root.ln.wf01.wt01.status)|max_value(root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180| 25.98|
|2017-11-02T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180| 25.98|
|2017-11-03T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180| 25.96|
|2017-11-04T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180| 25.96|
|2017-11-05T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180| 26.0|
|2017-11-06T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180| 25.85|
|2017-11-07T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180| 25.99|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+----------------------------------------+
Total line number = 7
It costs 0.006s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><h4 id="按照自然月份的降频聚合查询"><a href="#按照自然月份的降频聚合查询" class="header-anchor">#</a> 按照自然月份的降频聚合查询</h4> <p>对应的SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select count(status) from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &gt; 2017-11-01T01:00:00 group by([2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2019-11-07T23:00:00), 1mo, 2mo);
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>这条查询的含义是:</p> <p>由于用户指定了滑动步长为<code>2mo</code>,GROUP BY语句执行时将会每次把时间间隔往后移动2个自然月的步长,而不是默认的1个自然月。</p> <p>也就意味着,我们想要取从2017-11-01到2019-11-07每2个自然月的第一个月的数据。</p> <p>上面这个例子的第一个参数是显示窗口参数,决定了最终的显示范围是[2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2019-11-07T23:00:00)。</p> <p>起始时间为2017-11-01T00:00:00,滑动步长将会以起始时间作为标准按月递增,取当月的1号作为时间间隔的起始时间。</p> <p>上面这个例子的第二个参数是划分时间轴的时间间隔参数,将<code>1mo</code>当作划分间隔,显示窗口参数的起始时间当作分割原点,时间轴即被划分为连续的时间间隔:[2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2017-12-01T00:00:00), [2018-02-01T00:00:00, 2018-03-01T00:00:00), [2018-05-03T00:00:00, 2018-06-01T00:00:00)等等。</p> <p>上面这个例子的第三个参数是每次时间间隔的滑动步长。</p> <p>然后系统将会用WHERE子句中的时间和值过滤条件以及GROUP BY语句中的第一个参数作为数据的联合过滤条件,获得满足所有过滤条件的数据(在这个例子里是在[2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2019-11-07T23:00:00)这个时间范围的数据),并把这些数据映射到之前分割好的时间轴中(这个例子里是从2017-11-01T00:00:00到2019-11-07T23:00:00:00的每两个自然月的第一个月)</p> <p>每个时间间隔窗口内都有数据,SQL执行后的结果集如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Time|count(root.ln.wf01.wt01.status)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 259|
|2018-01-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 250|
|2018-03-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 259|
|2018-05-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 251|
|2018-07-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 242|
|2018-09-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 225|
|2018-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 216|
|2019-01-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 207|
|2019-03-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 216|
|2019-05-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 207|
|2019-07-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 199|
|2019-09-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 181|
|2019-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 60|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><p>对应的SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select count(status) from root.ln.wf01.wt01 group by([2017-10-31T00:00:00, 2019-11-07T23:00:00), 1mo, 2mo);
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>这条查询的含义是:</p> <p>由于用户指定了滑动步长为<code>2mo</code>,GROUP BY语句执行时将会每次把时间间隔往后移动2个自然月的步长,而不是默认的1个自然月。</p> <p>也就意味着,我们想要取从2017-10-31到2029-11-07每2个自然月的第一个月的数据。</p> <p>与上述示例不同的是起始时间为2017-10-31T00:00:00,滑动步长将会以起始时间作为标准按月递增,取当月的31号(即最后一天)作为时间间隔的起始时间。若起始时间设置为30号,滑动步长会将时间间隔的起始时间设置为当月30号,若不存在则为最后一天。</p> <p>上面这个例子的第一个参数是显示窗口参数,决定了最终的显示范围是[2017-10-31T00:00:00, 2019-11-07T23:00:00)。</p> <p>上面这个例子的第二个参数是划分时间轴的时间间隔参数,将<code>1mo</code>当作划分间隔,显示窗口参数的起始时间当作分割原点,时间轴即被划分为连续的时间间隔:[2017-10-31T00:00:00, 2017-11-31T00:00:00), [2018-02-31T00:00:00, 2018-03-31T00:00:00), [2018-05-31T00:00:00, 2018-06-31T00:00:00)等等。</p> <p>上面这个例子的第三个参数是每次时间间隔的滑动步长。</p> <p>然后系统将会用WHERE子句中的时间和值过滤条件以及GROUP BY语句中的第一个参数作为数据的联合过滤条件,获得满足所有过滤条件的数据(在这个例子里是在[2017-10-31T00:00:00, 2019-11-07T23:00:00)这个时间范围的数据),并把这些数据映射到之前分割好的时间轴中(这个例子里是从2017-10-31T00:00:00到2019-11-07T23:00:00:00的每两个自然月的第一个月)</p> <p>每个时间间隔窗口内都有数据,SQL执行后的结果集如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Time|count(root.ln.wf01.wt01.status)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
|2017-10-31T00:00:00.000+08:00| 251|
|2017-12-31T00:00:00.000+08:00| 250|
|2018-02-28T00:00:00.000+08:00| 259|
|2018-04-30T00:00:00.000+08:00| 250|
|2018-06-30T00:00:00.000+08:00| 242|
|2018-08-31T00:00:00.000+08:00| 225|
|2018-10-31T00:00:00.000+08:00| 216|
|2018-12-31T00:00:00.000+08:00| 208|
|2019-02-28T00:00:00.000+08:00| 216|
|2019-04-30T00:00:00.000+08:00| 208|
|2019-06-30T00:00:00.000+08:00| 199|
|2019-08-31T00:00:00.000+08:00| 181|
|2019-10-31T00:00:00.000+08:00| 69|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><h4 id="左开右闭区间"><a href="#左开右闭区间" class="header-anchor">#</a> 左开右闭区间</h4> <p>每个区间的结果时间戳为区间右端点,对应的SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select count(status) from root.ln.wf01.wt01 group by ((2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2017-11-07T23:00:00],1d);
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>这条查询语句的时间区间是左开右闭的,结果中不会包含时间点5的数据,但是会包含时间点40的数据。</p> <p>SQL执行后的结果集如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Time|count(root.ln.wf01.wt01.status)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
|2017-11-02T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440|
|2017-11-03T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440|
|2017-11-04T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440|
|2017-11-05T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440|
|2017-11-06T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440|
|2017-11-07T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440|
|2017-11-07T23:00:00.000+08:00| 1380|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
Total line number = 7
It costs 0.004s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><h4 id="降采样后按level聚合查询"><a href="#降采样后按level聚合查询" class="header-anchor">#</a> 降采样后按Level聚合查询</h4> <p>除此之外,还可以通过定义LEVEL来统计指定层级下的数据点个数。</p> <p>例如:</p> <p>统计降采样后的数据点个数</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select count(status) from root.ln.wf01.wt01 group by ((2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2017-11-07T23:00:00],1d), level=1;
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>结果:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------------+
| Time|COUNT(root.ln.*.*.status)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------+
|2017-11-02T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440|
|2017-11-03T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440|
|2017-11-04T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440|
|2017-11-05T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440|
|2017-11-06T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440|
|2017-11-07T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440|
|2017-11-07T23:00:00.000+08:00| 1380|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------+
Total line number = 7
It costs 0.006s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><p>加上滑动Step的降采样后的结果也可以汇总</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select count(status) from root.ln.wf01.wt01 group by ([0,20),2ms,3ms), level=1;
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------------+
| Time|COUNT(root.ln.*.*.status)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180|
|2017-11-02T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180|
|2017-11-03T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180|
|2017-11-04T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180|
|2017-11-05T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180|
|2017-11-06T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180|
|2017-11-07T00:00:00.000+08:00| 180|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------+
Total line number = 7
It costs 0.004s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><h4 id="降频聚合查询补空值"><a href="#降频聚合查询补空值" class="header-anchor">#</a> 降频聚合查询补空值</h4> <p>降频聚合出的各个时间段的结果,支持使用前值补空。</p> <p>不允许设置滑动步长,默认为聚合时间区间,实际为定长采样。现在只支持 last_value 聚合函数。</p> <p>目前不支持线性插值补空值。</p> <h5 id="previous-和-previousuntillast-的区别"><a href="#previous-和-previousuntillast-的区别" class="header-anchor">#</a> PREVIOUS 和 PREVIOUSUNTILLAST 的区别</h5> <ul><li>PREVIOUS:只要空值前边有值,就会用其填充空值。</li> <li>PREVIOUSUNTILLAST:不会填充此序列最新点后的空值</li></ul> <p>首先我们检查一下root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature在时间2017-11-07T23:50:00以后的值</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IoTDB&gt; SELECT temperature FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &gt;= 2017-11-07T23:50:00
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|2017-11-07T23:50:00.000+08:00| 23.7|
|2017-11-07T23:51:00.000+08:00| 22.24|
|2017-11-07T23:52:00.000+08:00| 20.18|
|2017-11-07T23:53:00.000+08:00| 24.58|
|2017-11-07T23:54:00.000+08:00| 22.52|
|2017-11-07T23:55:00.000+08:00| 25.9|
|2017-11-07T23:56:00.000+08:00| 24.44|
|2017-11-07T23:57:00.000+08:00| 24.39|
|2017-11-07T23:58:00.000+08:00| 22.93|
|2017-11-07T23:59:00.000+08:00| 21.07|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
Total line number = 10
It costs 0.002s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><p>我们发现root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature的最后时间和值是2017-11-07T23:59:00和21.07。</p> <p>SQL 示例:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT last_value(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 GROUP BY([2017-11-07T23:50:00, 2017-11-08T00:01:00),1m) FILL (float[PREVIOUSUNTILLAST]);
SELECT last_value(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 GROUP BY([2017-11-07T23:50:00, 2017-11-08T00:01:00),1m) FILL (float[PREVIOUS]);
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>结果:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Time|last_value(root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature)|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|2017-11-07T23:50:00.000+08:00| 23.7|
|2017-11-07T23:51:00.000+08:00| 22.24|
|2017-11-07T23:52:00.000+08:00| 20.18|
|2017-11-07T23:53:00.000+08:00| 24.58|
|2017-11-07T23:54:00.000+08:00| 22.52|
|2017-11-07T23:55:00.000+08:00| 25.9|
|2017-11-07T23:56:00.000+08:00| 24.44|
|2017-11-07T23:57:00.000+08:00| 24.39|
|2017-11-07T23:58:00.000+08:00| 22.93|
|2017-11-07T23:59:00.000+08:00| 21.07|
|2017-11-08T00:00:00.000+08:00| null|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
Total line number = 11
It costs 0.005s
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Time|last_value(root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature)|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
|2017-11-07T23:50:00.000+08:00| 23.7|
|2017-11-07T23:51:00.000+08:00| 22.24|
|2017-11-07T23:52:00.000+08:00| 20.18|
|2017-11-07T23:53:00.000+08:00| 24.58|
|2017-11-07T23:54:00.000+08:00| 22.52|
|2017-11-07T23:55:00.000+08:00| 25.9|
|2017-11-07T23:56:00.000+08:00| 24.44|
|2017-11-07T23:57:00.000+08:00| 24.39|
|2017-11-07T23:58:00.000+08:00| 22.93|
|2017-11-07T23:59:00.000+08:00| 21.07|
|2017-11-08T00:00:00.000+08:00| 21.07|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+
Total line number = 11
It costs 0.006s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br></div></div><p>解释:</p> <p>使用 PREVIOUSUNTILLAST 将不会填充2017-11-07T23:59:00以后的值。</p> <h3 id="最新数据查询"><a href="#最新数据查询" class="header-anchor">#</a> 最新数据查询</h3> <p>SQL语法:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select last &lt;Path&gt; [COMMA &lt;Path&gt;]* from &lt; PrefixPath &gt; [COMMA &lt; PrefixPath &gt;]* &lt;WhereClause&gt;
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>其含义是:查询时间序列prefixPath.path中最近时间戳的数据</p> <p>&lt;WhereClause&gt;中当前只支持含有'&gt;'或'&gt;='的时间过滤条件,任何其他过滤条件都将会返回异常。</p> <p>结果集为三列的结构</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>| Time | Path | Value |
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>示例 1:查询 root.ln.wf01.wt01.status 的最新数据点</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IoTDB&gt; select last status from root.ln.wf01.wt01
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----+
| Time| timeseries|value|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----+
|2017-11-07T23:59:00.000+08:00|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|false|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----+
Total line number = 1
It costs 0.000s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><p>示例 2:查询 root.ln.wf01.wt01 下 status,temperature 时间戳大于等于2017-11-07T23:50:00的最新数据点。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IoTDB&gt; select last status, temperature from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &gt;= 2017-11-07T23:50:00
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+---------+
| Time| timeseries| value|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+---------+
|2017-11-07T23:59:00.000+08:00| root.ln.wf01.wt01.status| false|
|2017-11-07T23:59:00.000+08:00|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|21.067368|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+---------+
Total line number = 2
It costs 0.002s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><h3 id="自动填充"><a href="#自动填充" class="header-anchor">#</a> 自动填充</h3> <p>在IoTDB的实际使用中,当进行时间序列的查询操作时,可能会出现在某些时间点值为null的情况,这会妨碍用户进行进一步的分析。 为了更好地反映数据更改的程度,用户希望可以自动填充缺失值。 因此,IoTDB系统引入了自动填充功能。</p> <p>自动填充功能是指对单列或多列执行时间序列查询时,根据用户指定的方法和有效时间范围填充空值。 如果查询点的值不为null,则填充功能将不起作用。</p> <blockquote><p>注意:在当前版本中,IoTDB为用户提供两种方法:Previous 和Linear。 Previous 方法用前一个值填充空白。 Linear方法通过线性拟合来填充空白。 并且填充功能只能在执行时间点查询时使用。</p></blockquote> <h4 id="填充功能"><a href="#填充功能" class="header-anchor">#</a> 填充功能</h4> <ul><li>Previous功能</li></ul> <p>当查询的时间戳值为空时,将使用前一个时间戳的值来填充空白。 形式化的先前方法如下(有关详细语法,请参见第7.1.3.6节):</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select &lt;path&gt; from &lt;prefixPath&gt; where time = &lt;T&gt; fill(&lt;data_type&gt;[previous, &lt;before_range&gt;], …)
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>表3-4给出了所有参数的详细说明。</p> <center>**表3-4previous填充参数列表**
<table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left;">参数名称(不区分大小写)</th> <th style="text-align:left;">解释</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left;">path, prefixPath</td> <td style="text-align:left;">查询路径; 必填项</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">T</td> <td style="text-align:left;">查询时间戳(只能指定一个); 必填项</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">data_type</td> <td style="text-align:left;">填充方法使用的数据类型。 可选值是int32,int64,float,double,boolean,text; 可选字段</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">before_range</td> <td style="text-align:left;">表示前一种方法的有效时间范围。 当[T-before \ _range,T]范围内的值存在时,前一种方法将起作用。 如果未指定before_range,则before_range会使用默认值default_fill_interval; -1表示无穷大; 可选字段</td></tr></tbody></table></center> <p>在这里,我们举一个使用先前方法填充空值的示例。 SQL语句如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select temperature from root.sgcc.wf03.wt01 where time = 2017-11-01T16:37:50.000 fill(float[previous, 1m])
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>意思是:</p> <p>由于时间根目录root.sgcc.wf03.wt01.temperature在2017-11-01T16:37:50.000为空,因此系统使用以前的时间戳2017-11-01T16:37:00.000(且时间戳位于[2017-11-01T16:36:50.000, 2017-11-01T16:37:50.000]范围)进行填充和显示。</p> <p><a href="https://github.com/thulab/iotdb/files/4438687/OtherMaterial-Sample.Data.txt" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">样例数据中<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>, 该语句的执行结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Time|root.sgcc.wf03.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
|2017-11-01T16:37:50.000+08:00| 21.93|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
Total line number = 1
It costs 0.016s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p>值得注意的是,如果在指定的有效时间范围内没有值,系统将不会填充空值,如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IoTDB&gt; select temperature from root.sgcc.wf03.wt01 where time = 2017-11-01T16:37:50.000 fill(float[previous, 1s])
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Time|root.sgcc.wf03.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
|2017-11-01T16:37:50.000+08:00| null|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
Total line number = 1
It costs 0.004s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Linear方法</li></ul> <p>当查询的时间戳值为空时,将使用前一个和下一个时间戳的值来填充空白。 形式化线性方法如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select &lt;path&gt; from &lt;prefixPath&gt; where time = &lt;T&gt; fill(&lt;data_type&gt;[linear, &lt;before_range&gt;, &lt;after_range&gt;]…)
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>表3-5中给出了所有参数的详细说明。</p> <center>**表3-5线性填充参数列表**
<table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left;">参数名称(不区分大小写)</th> <th style="text-align:left;">解释</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left;">path, prefixPath</td> <td style="text-align:left;">查询路径; 必填项</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">T</td> <td style="text-align:left;">查询时间戳(只能指定一个); 必填项</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">data_type</td> <td style="text-align:left;">填充方法使用的数据类型。 可选值是int32,int64,float,double,boolean,text; 可选字段</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">before_range, after_range</td> <td style="text-align:left;">表示线性方法的有效时间范围。 当[T-before_range,T + after_range]范围内的值存在时,前一种方法将起作用。 如果未明确指定before_range和after_range,则使用default_fill_interval。 -1表示无穷大; 可选字段</td></tr></tbody></table></center> <p>需要注意的是一旦时间序列在查询时间戳T时刻存在有效值,线性填充就回使用这个值作为结果返回。
除此之外,如果在[T-before_range,T]或[T, T + after_range]两个范围中任意一个范围内不存在有效填充值,则线性填充返回null值。</p> <p>在这里,我们举一个使用线性方法填充空值的示例。 SQL语句如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select temperature from root.sgcc.wf03.wt01 where time = 2017-11-01T16:37:50.000 fill(float [linear, 1m, 1m])
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>意思是:</p> <p>由于时间根目录root.sgcc.wf03.wt01.temperature在2017-11-01T16:37:50.000为空,因此系统使用以前的时间戳2017-11-01T16:37:00.000(且时间戳位于[2017- 11-01T16:36:50.000,2017-11-01T16:37:50.000]时间范围)及其值21.927326,下一个时间戳记2017-11-01T16:38:00.000(且时间戳记位于[2017-11-11] 01T16:37:50.000、2017-11-01T16:38:50.000]时间范围)及其值25.311783以执行线性拟合计算:</p> <p>21.927326 +(25.311783-21.927326)/ 60s * 50s = 24.747707</p> <p><a href="https://github.com/thulab/iotdb/files/4438687/OtherMaterial-Sample.Data.txt" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">样例数据<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a>, 该语句的执行结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
| Time|root.sgcc.wf03.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
|2017-11-01T16:37:50.000+08:00| 24.746666|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+
Total line number = 1
It costs 0.017s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><h4 id="数据类型和填充方法之间的对应关系"><a href="#数据类型和填充方法之间的对应关系" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数据类型和填充方法之间的对应关系</h4> <p>数据类型和支持的填充方法如表3-6所示。</p> <center>**表3-6数据类型和支持的填充方法**
<table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left;">数据类型</th> <th style="text-align:left;">支持的填充方法</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left;">boolean</td> <td style="text-align:left;">previous</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">int32</td> <td style="text-align:left;">previous, linear</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">int64</td> <td style="text-align:left;">previous, linear</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">float</td> <td style="text-align:left;">previous, linear</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">double</td> <td style="text-align:left;">previous, linear</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">text</td> <td style="text-align:left;">previous</td></tr></tbody></table></center> <p>如果未指定fill方法,则每种数据类型均具有其自己的默认fill方法和参数。 对应关系如表3-7所示。</p> <center>**表3-7各种数据类型的默认填充方法和参数**
<table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:left;">数据类型</th> <th style="text-align:left;">默认填充方法和参数</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td style="text-align:left;">boolean</td> <td style="text-align:left;">previous, 600000</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">int32</td> <td style="text-align:left;">linear, 600000, 600000</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">int64</td> <td style="text-align:left;">linear, 600000, 600000</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">float</td> <td style="text-align:left;">linear, 600000, 600000</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">double</td> <td style="text-align:left;">linear, 600000, 600000</td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:left;">text</td> <td style="text-align:left;">previous, 600000</td></tr></tbody></table></center> <blockquote><p>注意:应在Fill语句中至少指定一种填充方法。</p></blockquote> <h3 id="对查询结果的行和列控制"><a href="#对查询结果的行和列控制" class="header-anchor">#</a> 对查询结果的行和列控制</h3> <p>IoTDB提供 <a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/SQL Reference.html">LIMIT/SLIMIT</a> 子句和 <a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/SQL Reference.html">OFFSET/SOFFSET</a> 子句,以使用户可以更好地控制查询结果。使用LIMIT和SLIMIT子句可让用户控制查询结果的行数和列数,
并且使用OFFSET和SOFSET子句允许用户设置结果显示的起始位置。</p> <p>请注意,按组查询不支持LIMIT和OFFSET。</p> <p>本章主要介绍查询结果的行和列控制的相关示例。你还可以使用 <a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Client/Programming - JDBC.html">Java JDBC</a> 标准接口执行查询。</p> <h4 id="查询结果的行控制"><a href="#查询结果的行控制" class="header-anchor">#</a> 查询结果的行控制</h4> <p>通过使用LIMIT和OFFSET子句,用户可以以与行相关的方式控制查询结果。 我们将通过以下示例演示如何使用LIMIT和OFFSET子句。</p> <ul><li>示例1:基本的LIMIT子句</li></ul> <p>SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select status, temperature from root.ln.wf01.wt01 limit 10
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>意思是:</p> <p>所选设备为ln组wf01工厂wt01设备; 选择的时间序列是“状态”和“温度”。 SQL语句要求返回查询结果的前10行。</p> <p>结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| true| 25.96|
|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00| true| 24.36|
|2017-11-01T00:02:00.000+08:00| false| 20.09|
|2017-11-01T00:03:00.000+08:00| false| 20.18|
|2017-11-01T00:04:00.000+08:00| false| 21.13|
|2017-11-01T00:05:00.000+08:00| false| 22.72|
|2017-11-01T00:06:00.000+08:00| false| 20.71|
|2017-11-01T00:07:00.000+08:00| false| 21.45|
|2017-11-01T00:08:00.000+08:00| false| 22.58|
|2017-11-01T00:09:00.000+08:00| false| 20.98|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
Total line number = 10
It costs 0.000s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例2:带OFFSET的LIMIT子句</li></ul> <p>SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select status, temperature from root.ln.wf01.wt01 limit 5 offset 3
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>意思是:</p> <p>所选设备为ln组wf01工厂wt01设备; 选择的时间序列是“状态”和“温度”。 SQL语句要求返回查询结果的第3至7行(第一行编号为0行)。</p> <p>结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:03:00.000+08:00| false| 20.18|
|2017-11-01T00:04:00.000+08:00| false| 21.13|
|2017-11-01T00:05:00.000+08:00| false| 22.72|
|2017-11-01T00:06:00.000+08:00| false| 20.71|
|2017-11-01T00:07:00.000+08:00| false| 21.45|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
Total line number = 5
It costs 0.342s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例3:LIMIT子句与WHERE子句结合</li></ul> <p>SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select status,temperature from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &gt; 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000 and time&lt; 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000 limit 2 offset 3
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>意思是:</p> <p>所选设备为ln组wf01工厂wt01设备; 选择的时间序列是“状态”和“温度”。 SQL语句要求返回时间“ 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000”和“ 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000”之间的状态和温度传感器值的第3至4行(第一行) 编号为第0行)。</p> <p>结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:03:00.000+08:00| false| 20.18|
|2017-11-01T00:04:00.000+08:00| false| 21.13|
|2017-11-01T00:05:00.000+08:00| false| 22.72|
|2017-11-01T00:06:00.000+08:00| false| 20.71|
|2017-11-01T00:07:00.000+08:00| false| 21.45|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
Total line number = 5
It costs 0.000s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例4:LIMIT子句与GROUP BY子句组合</li></ul> <p>SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select count(status), max_value(temperature) from root.ln.wf01.wt01 group by ([2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2017-11-07T23:00:00),1d) limit 5 offset 3
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>意思是:</p> <p>SQL语句子句要求返回查询结果的第3至7行(第一行编号为0行)。</p> <p>结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+----------------------------------------+
| Time|count(root.ln.wf01.wt01.status)|max_value(root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature)|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+----------------------------------------+
|2017-11-04T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440| 26.0|
|2017-11-05T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440| 26.0|
|2017-11-06T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1440| 25.99|
|2017-11-07T00:00:00.000+08:00| 1380| 26.0|
+-----------------------------+-------------------------------+----------------------------------------+
Total line number = 4
It costs 0.016s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><p>值得注意的是,由于当前的FILL子句只能在某个时间点填充时间序列的缺失值,也就是说,FILL子句的执行结果恰好是一行,因此LIMIT和OFFSET不会是 与FILL子句结合使用,否则将提示错误。 例如,执行以下SQL语句:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select temperature from root.sgcc.wf03.wt01 where time = 2017-11-01T16:37:50.000 fill(float[previous, 1m]) limit 10
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>SQL语句将不会执行,并且相应的错误提示如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Msg: 401: line 1:107 mismatched input 'limit' expecting {&lt;EOF&gt;, SLIMIT, SOFFSET, GROUP, DISABLE, ALIGN}
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h4 id="查询结果的列控制"><a href="#查询结果的列控制" class="header-anchor">#</a> 查询结果的列控制</h4> <p>通过使用LIMIT和OFFSET子句,用户可以以与列相关的方式控制查询结果。 我们将通过以下示例演示如何使用SLIMIT和OFFSET子句。</p> <ul><li>示例1:基本的SLIMIT子句</li></ul> <p>SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select * from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &gt; 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000 and time &lt; 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000 slimit 1
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>意思是:</p> <p>所选设备为ln组wf01工厂wt01设备; 所选时间序列是该设备下的第一列,即电源状态。 SQL语句要求在“ 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000”和“ 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000”的时间点之间选择状态传感器值。</p> <p>结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:06:00.000+08:00| 20.71|
|2017-11-01T00:07:00.000+08:00| 21.45|
|2017-11-01T00:08:00.000+08:00| 22.58|
|2017-11-01T00:09:00.000+08:00| 20.98|
|2017-11-01T00:10:00.000+08:00| 25.52|
|2017-11-01T00:11:00.000+08:00| 22.91|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
Total line number = 6
It costs 0.000s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例2:带OFFSET的LIMIT子句</li></ul> <p>SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select * from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &gt; 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000 and time &lt; 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000 slimit 1 soffset 1
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>意思是:</p> <p>所选设备为ln组wf01工厂wt01设备; 所选时间序列是该设备下的第二列,即温度。 SQL语句要求在“ 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000”和“ 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000”的时间点之间选择温度传感器值。</p> <p>结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:06:00.000+08:00| false|
|2017-11-01T00:07:00.000+08:00| false|
|2017-11-01T00:08:00.000+08:00| false|
|2017-11-01T00:09:00.000+08:00| false|
|2017-11-01T00:10:00.000+08:00| true|
|2017-11-01T00:11:00.000+08:00| false|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+
Total line number = 6
It costs 0.003s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例3:SLIMIT子句与GROUP BY子句结合</li></ul> <p>SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select max_value(*) from root.ln.wf01.wt01 group by ([2017-11-01T00:00:00, 2017-11-07T23:00:00),1d) slimit 1 soffset 1
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+
| Time|max_value(root.ln.wf01.wt01.status)|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| true|
|2017-11-02T00:00:00.000+08:00| true|
|2017-11-03T00:00:00.000+08:00| true|
|2017-11-04T00:00:00.000+08:00| true|
|2017-11-05T00:00:00.000+08:00| true|
|2017-11-06T00:00:00.000+08:00| true|
|2017-11-07T00:00:00.000+08:00| true|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------------+
Total line number = 7
It costs 0.000s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><ul><li>示例4:SLIMIT子句与FILL子句结合</li></ul> <p>SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select * from root.sgcc.wf03.wt01 where time = 2017-11-01T16:37:50.000 fill(float[previous, 1m]) slimit 1 soffset 1
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>意思是:</p> <p>所选设备为ln组wf01工厂wt01设备; 所选时间序列是该设备下的第二列,即温度。</p> <p>结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+--------------------------+
| Time|root.sgcc.wf03.wt01.status|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+
|2017-11-01T16:35:00.000+08:00| true|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+
Total line number = 1
It costs 0.007s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><h4 id="控制查询结果的行和列"><a href="#控制查询结果的行和列" class="header-anchor">#</a> 控制查询结果的行和列</h4> <p>除了对查询结果进行行或列控制之外,IoTDB还允许用户控制查询结果的行和列。 这是同时包含LIMIT子句和SLIMIT子句的完整示例。</p> <p>SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select * from root.ln.wf01.wt01 limit 10 offset 100 slimit 2 soffset 0
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>意思是:</p> <p>所选设备为ln组wf01工厂wt01设备; 所选时间序列是此设备下的第0列至第1列(第一列编号为第0列)。 SQL语句子句要求返回查询结果的第100至109行(第一行编号为0行)。</p> <p>结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+
|2017-11-01T01:40:00.000+08:00| 21.19| false|
|2017-11-01T01:41:00.000+08:00| 22.79| false|
|2017-11-01T01:42:00.000+08:00| 22.98| false|
|2017-11-01T01:43:00.000+08:00| 21.52| false|
|2017-11-01T01:44:00.000+08:00| 23.45| true|
|2017-11-01T01:45:00.000+08:00| 24.06| true|
|2017-11-01T01:46:00.000+08:00| 22.6| false|
|2017-11-01T01:47:00.000+08:00| 23.78| true|
|2017-11-01T01:48:00.000+08:00| 24.72| true|
|2017-11-01T01:49:00.000+08:00| 24.68| true|
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+
Total line number = 10
It costs 0.009s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><h3 id="使用别名"><a href="#使用别名" class="header-anchor">#</a> 使用别名</h3> <p>由于 IoTDB 独特的数据模型,在每个传感器前都附带有设备等诸多额外信息。有时,我们只针对某个具体设备查询,而这些前缀信息频繁显示造成了冗余,影响了结果集的显示与分析。这时我们可以使用 IoTDB 提供的 AS 函数,将查询中出现的时间序列给定一个别名。</p> <p>例如:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select s1 as temperature, s2 as speed from root.ln.wf01.wt01;
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>则结果集将显示为:</p> <table><thead><tr><th>Time</th> <th>temperature</th> <th>speed</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td>...</td> <td>...</td> <td>...</td></tr></tbody></table> <h4 id="其他结果集格式"><a href="#其他结果集格式" class="header-anchor">#</a> 其他结果集格式</h4> <p>此外,IoTDB支持两种其他结果集格式:“按设备对齐”和“禁用对齐”。</p> <p>“按设备对齐”指示将deviceId视为一列。 因此,数据集中的列完全有限。</p> <p>SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select s1,s2 from root.sg1.* ALIGN BY DEVICE
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>结果显示如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------+--------+
| Time| Device|temperature|status|hardware|
+-----------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------+--------+
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00|root.ln.wf01.wt01| 25.96| true| null|
|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00|root.ln.wf01.wt01| 24.36| true| null|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00|root.ln.wf02.wt02| null| true| v1|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00|root.ln.wf02.wt02| null| false| v2|
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00|root.ln.wf02.wt02| null| true| v2|
|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00|root.ln.wf02.wt02| null| true| v2|
+-----------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------+--------+
Total line number = 6
It costs 0.012s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><p>“禁用对齐”指示结果集中每个时间序列都有3列。</p> <p>SQL语句是:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select * from root.sg1 where time &gt; 10 disable align
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>结果显示如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+--------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf02.wt02.hardware| Time|root.ln.wf02.wt02.status| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00| v1|1970-01-01T08:00:00.001+08:00| true|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| 25.96|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| true|
|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00| v2|1970-01-01T08:00:00.002+08:00| false|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00| 24.36|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00| true|
|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| v2|2017-11-01T00:00:00.000+08:00| true| null| null| null| null|
|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00| v2|2017-11-01T00:01:00.000+08:00| true| null| null| null| null|
+-----------------------------+--------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+------------------------+
Total line number = 4
It costs 0.018s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><p>有关更多语法描述,更多语法请参照 <a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/SQL Reference.html">SQL REFERENCE</a>.</p> <h4 id="错误处理"><a href="#错误处理" class="header-anchor">#</a> 错误处理</h4> <p>当LIMIT / SLIMIT的参数N / SN超过结果集的大小时,IoTDB将按预期返回所有结果。 例如,原始SQL语句的查询结果由六行组成,我们通过LIMIT子句选择前100行:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select status,temperature from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &gt; 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000 and time &lt; 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000 limit 100
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
| Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
|2017-11-01T00:06:00.000+08:00| false| 20.71|
|2017-11-01T00:07:00.000+08:00| false| 21.45|
|2017-11-01T00:08:00.000+08:00| false| 22.58|
|2017-11-01T00:09:00.000+08:00| false| 20.98|
|2017-11-01T00:10:00.000+08:00| true| 25.52|
|2017-11-01T00:11:00.000+08:00| false| 22.91|
+-----------------------------+------------------------+-----------------------------+
Total line number = 6
It costs 0.005s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><p>当LIMIT / SLIMIT子句的参数N / SN超过允许的最大值(N / SN的类型为int32)时,系统将提示错误。 例如,执行以下SQL语句:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select status,temperature from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &gt; 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000 and time &lt; 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000 limit 1234567890123456789
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>SQL语句将不会执行,并且相应的错误提示如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Msg: 303: check metadata error: Out of range. LIMIT &lt;N&gt;: N should be Int32.
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>当LIMIT / LIMIT子句的参数N / SN不是正整数时,系统将提示错误。 例如,执行以下SQL语句:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select status,temperature from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &gt; 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000 and time &lt; 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000 limit 13.1
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>SQL语句将不会执行,并且相应的错误提示如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Msg: 401: line 1:129 mismatched input '.' expecting {&lt;EOF&gt;, SLIMIT, OFFSET, SOFFSET, GROUP, DISABLE, ALIGN}
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>当LIMIT子句的参数OFFSET超过结果集的大小时,IoTDB将返回空结果集。 例如,执行以下SQL语句:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select status,temperature from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &gt; 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000 and time &lt; 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000 limit 2 offset 6
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>结果如下所示:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+----+------------------------+-----------------------------+
|Time|root.ln.wf01.wt01.status|root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature|
+----+------------------------+-----------------------------+
+----+------------------------+-----------------------------+
Empty set.
It costs 0.005s
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><p>当SLIMIT子句的参数SOFFSET不小于可用时间序列数时,系统将提示错误。 例如,执行以下SQL语句:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>select * from root.ln.wf01.wt01 where time &gt; 2017-11-01T00:05:00.000 and time &lt; 2017-11-01T00:12:00.000 slimit 1 soffset 2
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>SQL语句将不会执行,并且相应的错误提示如下:</p> <h3 id="数据删除"><a href="#数据删除" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数据删除</h3> <p>用户使用<a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/SQL Reference.html">DELETE语句</a>可以删除指定的时间序列中符合时间删除条件的数据。在删除数据时,用户可以选择需要删除的一个或多个时间序列、时间序列的前缀、时间序列带*路径对某一个时间区间内的数据进行删除。</p> <p>在JAVA编程环境中,您可以使用JDBC API单条或批量执行DELETE语句。</p> <h4 id="单传感器时间序列值删除"><a href="#单传感器时间序列值删除" class="header-anchor">#</a> 单传感器时间序列值删除</h4> <p>以测控ln集团为例,存在这样的使用场景:</p> <p>wf02子站的wt02设备在2017-11-01 16:26:00之前的供电状态出现多段错误,且无法分析其正确数据,错误数据影响了与其他设备的关联分析。此时,需要将此时间段前的数据删除。进行此操作的SQL语句为:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>delete from root.ln.wf02.wt02.status where time&lt;=2017-11-01T16:26:00;
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>如果我们仅仅想要删除2017年内的在2017-11-01 16:26:00之前的数据,可以使用以下SQL:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>delete from root.ln.wf02.wt02.status where time&gt;=2017-01-01T00:00:00 and time&lt;=2017-11-01T16:26:00;
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>IoTDB 支持删除一个时间序列任何一个时间范围内的所有时序点,用户可以使用以下SQL语句指定需要删除的时间范围:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>delete from root.ln.wf02.wt02.status where time &lt; 10
delete from root.ln.wf02.wt02.status where time &lt;= 10
delete from root.ln.wf02.wt02.status where time &lt; 20 and time &gt; 10
delete from root.ln.wf02.wt02.status where time &lt;= 20 and time &gt;= 10
delete from root.ln.wf02.wt02.status where time &gt; 20
delete from root.ln.wf02.wt02.status where time &gt;= 20
delete from root.ln.wf02.wt02.status where time = 20
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p>需要注意,当前的删除语句不支持where子句后的时间范围为多个由OR连接成的时间区间。如下删除语句将会解析出错:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>delete from root.ln.wf02.wt02.status where time &gt; 4 or time &lt; 0
Msg: 303: Check metadata error: For delete statement, where clause can only contain atomic
expressions like : time &gt; XXX, time &lt;= XXX, or two atomic expressions connected by 'AND'
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><p>如果delete语句中未指定where子句,则会删除时间序列中的所有数据。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>delete from root.ln.wf02.status
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h4 id="多传感器时间序列值删除"><a href="#多传感器时间序列值删除" class="header-anchor">#</a> 多传感器时间序列值删除</h4> <p>当ln集团wf02子站的wt02设备在2017-11-01 16:26:00之前的供电状态和设备硬件版本都需要删除,此时可以使用含义更广的<a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Concept/Data Model and Terminology.html">前缀路径或带<code>*</code>路径</a>进行删除操作,进行此操作的SQL语句为:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>delete from root.ln.wf02.wt02 where time &lt;= 2017-11-01T16:26:00;
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p></p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>delete from root.ln.wf02.wt02.* where time &lt;= 2017-11-01T16:26:00;
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>需要注意的是,当删除的路径不存在时,IoTDB会提示路径不存在,无法删除数据,如下所示。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IoTDB&gt; delete from root.ln.wf03.wt02.status where time &lt; now()
Msg: TimeSeries does not exist and its data cannot be deleted
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><h2 id="删除时间分区-实验性功能"><a href="#删除时间分区-实验性功能" class="header-anchor">#</a> 删除时间分区 (实验性功能)</h2> <p>您可以通过如下语句来删除某一个存储组下的指定时间分区:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>DELETE PARTITION root.ln 0,1,2
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>上例中的0,1,2为待删除时间分区的id,您可以通过查看IoTDB的数据文件夹找到它,或者可以通过计算<code>timestamp / partitionInterval</code>(向下取整),
手动地将一个时间戳转换为对应的id,其中的<code>partitionInterval</code>可以在IoTDB的配置文件中找到(如果您使用的版本支持时间分区)。</p> <p>请注意该功能目前只是实验性的,如果您不是开发者,使用时请务必谨慎。</p></div> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
<a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/DDL Data Definition Language.html" class="prev">
DDL (数据定义语言)
</a></span> <span class="next"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Operation Manual/UDF User Defined Function.html">
UDF(用户自定义函数)
</a>
</span></p></div> <p style="text-align: center;">Copyright © 2021 The Apache Software Foundation.<br>
Apache and the Apache feather logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation</p> <p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 10px; color: #444">
Contact us: Join QQ Group 659990460 | Add friend <i>tietouqiao</i> and be invited to Wechat Group<br>
see <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/issues/1995">Join the community</a> for more</p></main></div><div class="global-ui"></div></div>
<script src="/assets/js/app.9c03bb74.js" defer></script><script src="/assets/js/3.e95317f3.js" defer></script><script src="/assets/js/346.cbfb04f4.js" defer></script>
</body>
</html>