| <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-us" href="https://iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html"><meta property="og:url" content="https://iotdb.apache.org/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html"><meta property="og:site_name" content="IoTDB Website"><meta property="og:title" content="IoTDB 部署推荐"><meta property="og:description" content="背景 系统能力 性能需求：系统读写速度，压缩比; 扩展性：系统能够用多节点管理数据，本质上是数据是否可分区管理; 高可用：系统能够容忍节点失效，本质上是数据是否有副本; 一致性：当数据有多副本时，不同副本是否一致，本质上用户是否能将数据库当做单机看待; 缩写 C：ConfigNode; D：DataNode; aCbD：a 个 ConfigNode 和..."><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta property="og:locale" content="zh-CN"><meta property="og:locale:alternate" content="en-US"><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"IoTDB 部署推荐","image":[""],"dateModified":null,"author":[]}</script><link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico"><meta name="Description" content="Apache IoTDB: Time Series Database for IoT"><meta name="Keywords" content="TSDB, time series, time series database, IoTDB, IoT database, IoT data management,时序数据库, 时间序列管理, IoTDB, 物联网数据库, 实时数据库, 物联网数据管理, 物联网数据"><meta name="baidu-site-verification" content="wfKETzB3OT"><meta name="google-site-verification" content="mZWAoRY0yj_HAr-s47zHCGHzx5Ju-RVm5wDbPnwQYFo"><title>IoTDB 部署推荐 | IoTDB Website</title><meta name="description" content="背景 系统能力 性能需求：系统读写速度，压缩比; 扩展性：系统能够用多节点管理数据，本质上是数据是否可分区管理; 高可用：系统能够容忍节点失效，本质上是数据是否有副本; 一致性：当数据有多副本时，不同副本是否一致，本质上用户是否能将数据库当做单机看待; 缩写 C：ConfigNode; D：DataNode; aCbD：a 个 ConfigNode 和..."> |
| <div id="app"><!--[--><!--[--><!--[--><span tabindex="-1"></span><a href="#main-content" class="skip-link sr-only">跳至主要內容</a><!--]--><!--[--><div class="theme-container has-toc"><!--[--><header class="navbar hide-icon" id="navbar"><div class="navbar-start"><button class="toggle-sidebar-button" title="Toggle Sidebar"><span class="icon"></span></button><!--[--><!----><!--]--><a href="/zh/" class="brand"><img class="logo" src="/logo.png" alt="IoTDB Website"><!----><span class="site-name hide-in-pad">IoTDB Website</span></a><!--[--><!----><!--]--></div><div class="navbar-center"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--></div><div class="navbar-end"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div id="docsearch-container"></div><nav class="nav-links"><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button class="dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="文档"><span class="title"><!---->文档</span><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="latest"><!---->latest<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.2.x/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="v1.2.x"><!---->v1.2.x<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.1.x/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="v1.1.x"><!---->v1.1.x<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="v1.0.x"><!---->v1.0.x<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.13.x/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="v0.13.x"><!---->v0.13.x<!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=177051872" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="系统设计" class="nav-link"><!---->系统设计<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a href="/zh/Download/" class="nav-link" aria-label="下载"><!---->下载<!----></a></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button class="dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="社区"><span class="title"><!---->社区</span><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Community/About.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="关于社区"><!---->关于社区<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/iotdb" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Wiki" class="nav-link"><!---->Wiki<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Community/Community-Project-Committers.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="开发人员"><!---->开发人员<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Community/Community-Powered-By.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="技术支持"><!---->技术支持<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/Community/Materials.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="活动与报告"><!---->活动与报告<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Community/Feedback.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="交流与反馈"><!---->交流与反馈<!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button class="dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="开发"><span class="title"><!---->开发</span><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/VoteRelease.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="如何投票"><!---->如何投票<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/HowToCommit.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="如何提交代码"><!---->如何提交代码<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/HowToJoin.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="成为Contributor"><!---->成为Contributor<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/Committer.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="成为Committer"><!---->成为Committer<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/ContributeGuide.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="项目开发指南"><!---->项目开发指南<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/HowtoContributeCode.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="技术贡献指南"><!---->技术贡献指南<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/format-changelist.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="TsFile的更改列表"><!---->TsFile的更改列表<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/rpc-changelist" class="nav-link" aria-label="RPC变更清单"><!---->RPC变更清单<!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button class="dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="ASF"><span class="title"><!---->ASF</span><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="基金会" class="nav-link"><!---->基金会<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="许可证" class="nav-link"><!---->许可证<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/security/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="安全" class="nav-link"><!---->安全<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="赞助" class="nav-link"><!---->赞助<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="致谢" class="nav-link"><!---->致谢<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/events/current-event" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="活动" class="nav-link"><!---->活动<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div></nav><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper i18n-dropdown"><button class="dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="选择语言"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon i18n-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="i18n icon" style="width:1rem;height:1rem;vertical-align:middle;"><path d="M379.392 460.8 494.08 575.488l-42.496 102.4L307.2 532.48 138.24 701.44l-71.68-72.704L234.496 460.8l-45.056-45.056c-27.136-27.136-51.2-66.56-66.56-108.544h112.64c7.68 14.336 16.896 27.136 26.112 35.84l45.568 46.08 45.056-45.056C382.976 312.32 409.6 247.808 409.6 204.8H0V102.4h256V0h102.4v102.4h256v102.4H512c0 70.144-37.888 161.28-87.04 210.944L378.88 460.8zM576 870.4 512 1024H409.6l256-614.4H768l256 614.4H921.6l-64-153.6H576zM618.496 768h196.608L716.8 532.48 618.496 768z"></path></svg><!--]--><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="English"><!---->English<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link active" aria-label="简体中文"><!---->简体中文<!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><button id="appearance-switch"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon auto-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="auto icon" style="display:block;"><path d="M512 992C246.92 992 32 777.08 32 512S246.92 32 512 32s480 214.92 480 480-214.92 480-480 480zm0-840c-198.78 0-360 161.22-360 360 0 198.84 161.22 360 360 360s360-161.16 360-360c0-198.78-161.22-360-360-360zm0 660V212c165.72 0 300 134.34 300 300 0 165.72-134.28 300-300 300z"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon dark-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="dark icon" style="display:none;"><path d="M524.8 938.667h-4.267a439.893 439.893 0 0 1-313.173-134.4 446.293 446.293 0 0 1-11.093-597.334A432.213 432.213 0 0 1 366.933 90.027a42.667 42.667 0 0 1 45.227 9.386 42.667 42.667 0 0 1 10.24 42.667 358.4 358.4 0 0 0 82.773 375.893 361.387 361.387 0 0 0 376.747 82.774 42.667 42.667 0 0 1 54.187 55.04 433.493 433.493 0 0 1-99.84 154.88 438.613 438.613 0 0 1-311.467 128z"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon light-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="light icon" style="display:none;"><path d="M952 552h-80a40 40 0 0 1 0-80h80a40 40 0 0 1 0 80zM801.88 280.08a41 41 0 0 1-57.96-57.96l57.96-58a41.04 41.04 0 0 1 58 58l-58 57.96zM512 752a240 240 0 1 1 0-480 240 240 0 0 1 0 480zm0-560a40 40 0 0 1-40-40V72a40 40 0 0 1 80 0v80a40 40 0 0 1-40 40zm-289.88 88.08-58-57.96a41.04 41.04 0 0 1 58-58l57.96 58a41 41 0 0 1-57.96 57.96zM192 512a40 40 0 0 1-40 40H72a40 40 0 0 1 0-80h80a40 40 0 0 1 40 40zm30.12 231.92a41 41 0 0 1 57.96 57.96l-57.96 58a41.04 41.04 0 0 1-58-58l58-57.96zM512 832a40 40 0 0 1 40 40v80a40 40 0 0 1-80 0v-80a40 40 0 0 1 40-40zm289.88-88.08 58 57.96a41.04 41.04 0 0 1-58 58l-57.96-58a41 41 0 0 1 57.96-57.96z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="nav-item"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="GitHub"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon github-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="github icon" style="width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem;vertical-align:middle;"><path d="M511.957 21.333C241.024 21.333 21.333 240.981 21.333 512c0 216.832 140.544 400.725 335.574 465.664 24.49 4.395 32.256-10.07 32.256-23.083 0-11.69.256-44.245 0-85.205-136.448 29.61-164.736-64.64-164.736-64.64-22.315-56.704-54.4-71.765-54.4-71.765-44.587-30.464 3.285-29.824 3.285-29.824 49.195 3.413 75.179 50.517 75.179 50.517 43.776 75.008 114.816 53.333 142.762 40.79 4.523-31.66 17.152-53.377 31.19-65.537-108.971-12.458-223.488-54.485-223.488-242.602 0-53.547 19.114-97.323 50.517-131.67-5.035-12.33-21.93-62.293 4.779-129.834 0 0 41.258-13.184 134.912 50.346a469.803 469.803 0 0 1 122.88-16.554c41.642.213 83.626 5.632 122.88 16.554 93.653-63.488 134.784-50.346 134.784-50.346 26.752 67.541 9.898 117.504 4.864 129.834 31.402 34.347 50.474 78.123 50.474 131.67 0 188.586-114.73 230.016-224.042 242.09 17.578 15.232 33.578 44.672 33.578 90.454v135.85c0 13.142 7.936 27.606 32.854 22.87C862.25 912.597 1002.667 728.747 1002.667 512c0-271.019-219.648-490.667-490.71-490.667z"></path></svg></a></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><button class="toggle-navbar-button" aria-label="Toggle Navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="nav-screen"><span class="button-container"><span class="button-top"></span><span class="button-middle"></span><span class="button-bottom"></span></span></button></div></header><!----><!--]--><!----><div class="toggle-sidebar-wrapper"><span class="arrow start"></span></div><aside class="sidebar" id="sidebar"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group"><p class="sidebar-heading"><!----><span class="title">IoTDB用户手册 (V1.0.x)</span><!----></p><ul class="sidebar-links"></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">关于IoTDB</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">快速上手</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">数据模式与概念</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">语法约定</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">应用编程接口</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">元数据操作</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">数据写入（数据更新）</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">数据删除</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">数据查询</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">运算符和函数</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">触发器</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">监控告警</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">权限管理</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">运维工具</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">端云协同</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">系统集成</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable active"><!----><span class="title">分布式</span><span class="arrow down"></span></button><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Cluster-Concept.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="基本概念"><!---->基本概念<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Cluster-Setup.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="分布式部署"><!---->分布式部署<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Cluster-Maintenance.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="分布式运维命令"><!---->分布式运维命令<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link active sidebar-link sidebar-page active" aria-label="部署推荐"><!---->部署推荐<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html#背景" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="背景"><!---->背景<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html#部署模式选型" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="部署模式选型"><!---->部署模式选型<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html#部署配置推荐" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="部署配置推荐"><!---->部署配置推荐<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html#从-0-13-版本升级到-1-0" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="从 0.13 版本升级到 1.0"><!---->从 0.13 版本升级到 1.0<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html#直接使用-1-0" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="直接使用 1.0"><!---->直接使用 1.0<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li></ul></li></ul><!--]--></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">FAQ</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">参考</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li></ul><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside><!--[--><main class="page" id="main-content"><!--[--><!----><nav class="breadcrumb disable"></nav><div class="page-title"><h1><!---->IoTDB 部署推荐</h1><div class="page-info"><!----><!----><!----><!----><span class="page-reading-time-info" aria-label="阅读时间"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon timer-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="timer icon"><path d="M799.387 122.15c4.402-2.978 7.38-7.897 7.38-13.463v-1.165c0-8.933-7.38-16.312-16.312-16.312H256.33c-8.933 0-16.311 7.38-16.311 16.312v1.165c0 5.825 2.977 10.874 7.637 13.592 4.143 194.44 97.22 354.963 220.201 392.763-122.204 37.542-214.893 196.511-220.2 389.397-4.661 5.049-7.638 11.651-7.638 19.03v5.825h566.49v-5.825c0-7.379-2.849-13.981-7.509-18.9-5.049-193.016-97.867-351.985-220.2-389.527 123.24-37.67 216.446-198.453 220.588-392.892zM531.16 450.445v352.632c117.674 1.553 211.787 40.778 211.787 88.676H304.097c0-48.286 95.149-87.382 213.728-88.676V450.445c-93.077-3.107-167.901-81.297-167.901-177.093 0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.793-15.793 8.803 0 15.794 6.99 15.794 15.793 0 80.261 63.69 145.635 142.01 145.635s142.011-65.374 142.011-145.635c0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.794-15.793s15.793 6.99 15.793 15.793c0 95.019-73.789 172.82-165.96 177.093z"></path></svg><span>大约 6 分钟</span><meta property="timeRequired" content="PT6M"></span><!----><!----></div><hr></div><div class="toc-place-holder"><aside id="toc"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="toc-header">此页内容<button class="print-button" title="打印"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon print-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="print icon"><path d="M819.2 364.8h-44.8V128c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v236.8h-44.8C145.067 364.8 96 413.867 96 473.6v192c0 59.733 49.067 108.8 108.8 108.8h44.8V896c0 17.067 14.933 32 32 32h460.8c17.067 0 32-14.933 32-32V774.4h44.8c59.733 0 108.8-49.067 108.8-108.8v-192c0-59.733-49.067-108.8-108.8-108.8zM313.6 160h396.8v204.8H313.6V160zm396.8 704H313.6V620.8h396.8V864zM864 665.6c0 25.6-19.2 44.8-44.8 44.8h-44.8V588.8c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v121.6h-44.8c-25.6 0-44.8-19.2-44.8-44.8v-192c0-25.6 19.2-44.8 44.8-44.8h614.4c25.6 0 44.8 19.2 44.8 44.8v192z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="toc-wrapper"><ul class="toc-list"><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html#背景" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">背景</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html#部署模式选型" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">部署模式选型</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html#部署配置推荐" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">部署配置推荐</a></li><ul class="toc-list"><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html#从-0-13-版本升级到-1-0" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">从 0.13 版本升级到 1.0</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.html#直接使用-1-0" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">直接使用 1.0</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul><!--]--></ul></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside></div><!----><div class="theme-hope-content"><!-- |
| --><h1 id="iotdb-部署推荐" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#iotdb-部署推荐" aria-hidden="true">#</a> IoTDB 部署推荐</h1><h2 id="背景" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#背景" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 背景</h2><p>系统能力</p><ul><li>性能需求：系统读写速度，压缩比</li><li>扩展性：系统能够用多节点管理数据，本质上是数据是否可分区管理</li><li>高可用：系统能够容忍节点失效，本质上是数据是否有副本</li><li>一致性：当数据有多副本时，不同副本是否一致，本质上用户是否能将数据库当做单机看待</li></ul><p>缩写</p><ul><li>C：ConfigNode</li><li>D：DataNode</li><li>aCbD：a 个 ConfigNode 和 b 个 DataNode</li></ul><h2 id="部署模式选型" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#部署模式选型" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 部署模式选型</h2><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:center;">模式</th><th style="text-align:left;">性能</th><th style="text-align:left;">扩展性</th><th style="text-align:left;">高可用</th><th style="text-align:left;">一致性</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;">轻量单机模式</td><td style="text-align:left;">最高</td><td style="text-align:left;">无</td><td style="text-align:left;">无</td><td style="text-align:left;">高</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">可扩展单节点模式 （默认）</td><td style="text-align:left;">高</td><td style="text-align:left;">高</td><td style="text-align:left;">中</td><td style="text-align:left;">高</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">高性能分布式模式</td><td style="text-align:left;">高</td><td style="text-align:left;">高</td><td style="text-align:left;">高</td><td style="text-align:left;">中</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">强一致分布式模式</td><td style="text-align:left;">中</td><td style="text-align:left;">高</td><td style="text-align:left;">高</td><td style="text-align:left;">高</td></tr></tbody></table><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:center;">配置</th><th style="text-align:left;">轻量单机模式</th><th style="text-align:left;">可扩展单节点模式</th><th style="text-align:left;">高性能分布式模式</th><th style="text-align:left;">强一致分布式模式</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;">ConfigNode 个数</td><td style="text-align:left;">1</td><td style="text-align:left;">≥1 （奇数）</td><td style="text-align:left;">≥1 （奇数）</td><td style="text-align:left;">≥1（奇数）</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">DataNode 个数</td><td style="text-align:left;">1</td><td style="text-align:left;">≥1</td><td style="text-align:left;">≥3</td><td style="text-align:left;">≥3</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">元数据副本 schema_replication_factor</td><td style="text-align:left;">1</td><td style="text-align:left;">1</td><td style="text-align:left;">3</td><td style="text-align:left;">3</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">数据副本 data_replication_factor</td><td style="text-align:left;">1</td><td style="text-align:left;">1</td><td style="text-align:left;">2</td><td style="text-align:left;">3</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">ConfigNode 协议 config_node_consensus_protocol_class</td><td style="text-align:left;">Simple</td><td style="text-align:left;">Ratis</td><td style="text-align:left;">Ratis</td><td style="text-align:left;">Ratis</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">SchemaRegion 协议 schema_region_consensus_protocol_class</td><td style="text-align:left;">Simple</td><td style="text-align:left;">Ratis</td><td style="text-align:left;">Ratis</td><td style="text-align:left;">Ratis</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">DataRegion 协议 data_region_consensus_protocol_class</td><td style="text-align:left;">Simple</td><td style="text-align:left;">IoT</td><td style="text-align:left;">IoT</td><td style="text-align:left;">Ratis</td></tr></tbody></table><h2 id="部署配置推荐" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#部署配置推荐" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 部署配置推荐</h2><h3 id="从-0-13-版本升级到-1-0" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#从-0-13-版本升级到-1-0" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 从 0.13 版本升级到 1.0</h3><p>场景： 已在 0.13 版本存储了部分数据，希望迁移到 1.0 版本，并且与 0.13 表现保持一致。</p><p>可选方案：</p><ol><li>升级到 1C1D 单机版，ConfigNode 分配 2G 内存，DataNode 与 0.13 一致。</li><li>升级到 3C3D 高性能分布式，ConfigNode 分配 2G 内存，DataNode 与 0.13 一致。</li></ol><p>配置修改： 1.0 配置参数修改：</p><ul><li>数据目录不要指向0.13原有数据目录</li><li>region_group_extension_strategy=COSTOM</li><li>data_region_group_per_database <ul><li>如果是 3C3D 高性能分布式：则改为：集群 CPU 总核数/ 数据副本数</li><li>如果是 1C1D，则改为：等于 0.13 的 virtual_storage_group_num 即可 （"database"一词 与 0.13 中的 "sg" 同义）</li></ul></li><li>如果启动时遇到元数据内存不足的提示，这是因为1.0版本中分配给元数据的内存不再全部用于 schema region 存储 <ul><li>storage_query_schema_consensus_free_memory_proportion：增大 schema 的内存比例至两倍</li></ul></li></ul><p>数据迁移： 配置修改完成后，通过 load-tsfile 工具将 0.13 的 TsFile 都加载进 1.0 的 IoTDB 中，即可使用。</p><h3 id="直接使用-1-0" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#直接使用-1-0" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 直接使用 1.0</h3><p><strong>推荐用户仅设置 1 个 Database</strong></p><h4 id="内存设置方法" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#内存设置方法" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 内存设置方法</h4><h5 id="根据活跃序列数估计内存" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#根据活跃序列数估计内存" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 根据活跃序列数估计内存</h5><p>集群 DataNode 总堆内内存（GB） = 活跃序列数/100000 * 数据副本数</p><p>每个 DataNode 堆内内存（GB）= 集群DataNode总堆内内存 / DataNode 个数</p><blockquote><p>假设需要用3C3D管理100万条序列，数据采用3副本，则：</p><ul><li>集群 DataNode 总堆内内存（GB）：1,000,000 / 100,000 * 3 = 30G</li><li>每台 DataNode 的堆内内存配置为：30 / 3 = 10G</li></ul></blockquote><h5 id="根据总序列数估计内存" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#根据总序列数估计内存" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 根据总序列数估计内存</h5><p>集群 DataNode 总堆内内存 （B） = 20 * （180 + 2 * 序列的全路径的平均字符数）* 序列总量 * 元数据副本数</p><p>每个 DataNode 内存配置推荐：集群 DataNode 总堆内内存 / DataNode 数目</p><blockquote><p>假设需要用3C3D管理100万条序列，元数据采用3副本，序列名形如 root.sg_1.d_10.s_100（约20字符），则：</p><ul><li>集群 DataNode 总堆内内存：20 * （180 + 2 * 20）* 1,000,000 * 3 = 13.2 GB</li><li>每台 DataNode 的堆内内存配置为：13.2 GB / 3 = 4.4 GB</li></ul></blockquote><h4 id="磁盘估计" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#磁盘估计" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 磁盘估计</h4><p>IoTDB 存储空间=数据存储空间 + 元数据存储空间 + 临时存储空间</p><h5 id="数据磁盘空间" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#数据磁盘空间" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 数据磁盘空间</h5><p>序列数量 * 采样频率 * 每个数据点大小 * 存储时长 * 副本数 / 10 倍压缩比</p><table><thead><tr><th style="text-align:center;">数据类型 \ 数据点大小</th><th style="text-align:left;">时间戳（字节）</th><th style="text-align:left;">值（字节）</th><th style="text-align:left;">总共（字节）</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style="text-align:center;">开关量（Boolean）</td><td style="text-align:left;">8</td><td style="text-align:left;">1</td><td style="text-align:left;">9</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">整型（INT32）/单精度浮点数（FLOAT）</td><td style="text-align:left;">8</td><td style="text-align:left;">4</td><td style="text-align:left;">12</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">长整型（INT64）/双精度浮点数（DOUBLE）</td><td style="text-align:left;">8</td><td style="text-align:left;">8</td><td style="text-align:left;">16</td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;">字符串（TEXT）</td><td style="text-align:left;">8</td><td style="text-align:left;">假设为 a</td><td style="text-align:left;">8+a</td></tr></tbody></table><blockquote><p>示例：1000设备，每个设备100 测点，共 100000 序列。整型。采样频率1Hz（每秒一次），存储1年，3副本，压缩比按 10 算，则数据存储空间占用：</p><ul><li>简版：1000 * 100 * 12 * 86400 * 365 * 3 / 10 = 11T</li><li>完整版：1000设备 * 100测点 * 12字节每数据点 * 86400秒每天 * 365天每年 * 3副本 / 10压缩比 = 11T</li></ul></blockquote><h5 id="元数据磁盘空间" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#元数据磁盘空间" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 元数据磁盘空间</h5><p>每条序列在磁盘日志文件中大约占用 序列字符数 + 20 字节。 若序列有tag描述信息，则仍需加上约 tag 总字符数字节的空间。</p><h5 id="临时磁盘空间" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#临时磁盘空间" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 临时磁盘空间</h5><p>临时磁盘空间 = 写前日志 + 共识协议 + 合并临时空间</p><ol><li>写前日志</li></ol><p>最大写前日志空间占用 = memtable 总内存占用 ÷ 最小有效信息占比</p><ul><li>memtable 总内存占用和 storage_query_schema_consensus_free_memory_proportion、storage_engine_memory_proportion、write_memory_proportion 三个参数有关</li><li>最小有效信息占比由 wal_min_effective_info_ratio 决定</li></ul><blockquote><p>示例：为 IoTDB 分配 16G 内存，配置文件如下 storage_query_schema_consensus_free_memory_proportion=3:3:1:1:2 storage_engine_memory_proportion=8:2 write_memory_proportion=19:1 wal_min_effective_info_ratio=0.1 最大写前日志空间占用 = 16 * (3 / 10) * (8 / 10) * (19 / 20) ÷ 0.1 = 36.48G</p></blockquote><ol start="2"><li>共识协议</li></ol><p>Ratis共识协议 采用Ratis共识协议的情况下，需要额外磁盘空间存储Raft Log。Raft Log会在每一次状态机 Snapshot 之后删除，因此可以通过调整 trigger_snapshot_threshold 参数控制Raft Log最大空间占用。</p><p>每一个 Region Raft Log占用最大空间 = 平均请求大小 * trigger_snapshot_threshold。 集群中一个Region总的Raft Log占用空间和Raft数据副本数成正比。</p><blockquote><p>示例：DataRegion, 平均每一次插入20k数据，data_region_trigger_snapshot_threshold = 400,000，那么Raft Log最大占用 = 20K * 400,000 = 8G。 Raft Log会从0增长到8G，接着在snapshot之后重新变成0。平均占用为4G。 当副本数为3时，集群中这个DataRegion总Raft Log最大占用 3 * 8G = 24G。</p></blockquote><p>此外，可以通过data_region_ratis_log_max_size规定每一个DataRegion的Raft Log磁盘占用最大值， 默认为20G，能够保障运行全程中单DataRegion Raft Log总大小不超过20G。</p><ol start="3"><li>合并临时空间</li></ol><ul><li><p>空间内合并 临时文件的磁盘空间 = 源文件大小总和</p><blockquote><p>示例：10个源文件，每个文件大小为100M 临时文件的磁盘空间 = 10 * 100 = 1000M</p></blockquote></li><li><p>跨空间合并 跨空间合并的临时文件大小与源文件大小和顺乱序数据的重叠度有关，当乱序数据与顺序数据有相同的时间戳时，就认为有重叠。 乱序数据的重叠度 = 重叠的乱序数据量 / 总的乱序数据量</p><p>临时文件的磁盘空间 = 源顺序文件总大小 + 源乱序文件总大小 *（1 - 重叠度）</p><blockquote><p>示例：10个顺序文件，10个乱序文件，每个顺序文件100M，每个乱序文件50M，每个乱序文件里有一半的数据与顺序文件有相同的时间戳 乱序数据的重叠度 = 25M/50M * 100% = 50% 临时文件的磁盘空间 = 10 * 100 + 10 * 50 * 50% = 1250M</p></blockquote></li></ul></div><!----><footer class="page-meta"><div class="meta-item edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/edit/rel/1.0/docs/zh/UserGuide/Cluster/Deployment-Recommendation.md" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="发现错误？在 GitHub 上编辑此页" class="nav-link label"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon edit-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="edit icon"><path d="M430.818 653.65a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-50.96-93.281l71.69-114.012 7.773-10.365L816.038 80.138A60.46 60.46 0 0 1 859.225 62a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 43.186 18.138l43.186 43.186a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 86.373L588.879 565.55l-8.637 8.637-117.466 68.234a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-31.958 11.229z"></path><path d="M728.802 962H252.891A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 62.008 771.98V296.934a190.883 190.883 0 0 1 190.883-192.61h267.754a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 120.92H252.891a69.962 69.962 0 0 0-69.098 69.099V771.98a69.962 69.962 0 0 0 69.098 69.098h475.911A69.962 69.962 0 0 0 797.9 771.98V503.363a60.46 60.46 0 1 1 120.922 0V771.98A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 728.802 962z"></path></svg><!--]-->发现错误？在 GitHub 上编辑此页<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="meta-item git-info"><!----><!----></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Cluster/Cluster-Maintenance.html" class="nav-link prev" aria-label="分布式运维命令"><div class="hint"><span class="arrow start"></span>上一页</div><div class="link"><!---->分布式运维命令</div></a><!----></nav><!----><!----><!--]--></main><!--]--><footer style="padding-bottom:2rem;"><span id="doc-version" style="display:none;">rel/1.0</span><p style="text-align:center;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;">Copyright © 2023 The Apache Software Foundation.<br> Apache and the Apache feather logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation</p><p style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;"><strong>Have a question?</strong> Connect with us on QQ, WeChat, or Slack. <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/issues/1995">Join the community</a> now.</p><p style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;"> We use <a href="https://analytics.google.com">Google Analytics</a> to collect anonymous, aggregated usage information. </p></footer></div><!--]--><!--]--><!----><!--]--></div> |
