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--><h2 id="管理触发器" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#管理触发器" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 管理触发器</h2><p>您可以通过 SQL 语句注册和卸载一个触发器实例，您也可以通过 SQL 语句查询到所有已经注册的触发器。</p><p><strong>我们建议您在注册触发器时停止写入。</strong></p><h3 id="注册触发器" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#注册触发器" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 注册触发器</h3><p>触发器可以注册在任意路径模式上。被注册有触发器的序列将会被触发器侦听，当序列上有数据变动时，触发器中对应的触发方法将会被调用。</p><p>注册一个触发器可以按如下流程进行：</p><ol><li>按照编写触发器章节的说明，实现一个完整的 Trigger 类，假定这个类的全类名为 <code>org.apache.iotdb.trigger.ClusterAlertingExample</code></li><li>将项目打成 JAR 包。</li><li>使用 SQL 语句注册该触发器。注册过程中会仅只会调用一次触发器的 <code>validate</code> 和 <code>onCreate</code> 接口，具体请参考编写触发器章节。</li></ol><p>完整 SQL 语法如下：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token comment">// Create Trigger</span>
createTrigger
: <span class="token keyword">CREATE</span> triggerType <span class="token keyword">TRIGGER</span> triggerName<span class="token operator">=</span>identifier triggerEventClause <span class="token keyword">ON</span> pathPattern <span class="token keyword">AS</span> className<span class="token operator">=</span>STRING_LITERAL uriClause? triggerAttributeClause?
<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
triggerType
: STATELESS <span class="token operator">|</span> STATEFUL
<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
triggerEventClause
: <span class="token punctuation">(</span>BEFORE <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token keyword">AFTER</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">INSERT</span>
<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
uriClause
: <span class="token keyword">USING</span> URI uri
<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
uri
: STRING_LITERAL
<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
triggerAttributeClause
: <span class="token keyword">WITH</span> LR_BRACKET triggerAttribute <span class="token punctuation">(</span>COMMA triggerAttribute<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">*</span> RR_BRACKET
<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
triggerAttribute
: <span class="token keyword">key</span><span class="token operator">=</span>attributeKey operator_eq <span class="token keyword">value</span><span class="token operator">=</span>attributeValue
<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>下面对 SQL 语法进行说明，您可以结合使用说明章节进行理解：</p><ul><li>triggerName：触发器 ID，该 ID 是全局唯一的，用于区分不同触发器，大小写敏感。</li><li>triggerType：触发器类型，分为无状态（STATELESS）和有状态（STATEFUL）两类。</li><li>triggerEventClause：触发时机，目前仅支持写入前（BEFORE INSERT）和写入后（AFTER INSERT）两种。</li><li>pathPattern：触发器侦听的路径模式，可以包含通配符 * 和 **。</li><li>className：触发器实现类的类名。</li><li>uriClause：可选项，当不指定该选项时，我们默认 DBA 已经在各个 DataNode 节点的 trigger_root_dir 目录（配置项，默认为 IOTDB_HOME/ext/trigger）下放置好创建该触发器需要的 JAR 包。当指定该选项时，我们会将该 URI 对应的文件资源下载并分发到各 DataNode 的 trigger_root_dir/install 目录下。</li><li>triggerAttributeClause：用于指定触发器实例创建时需要设置的参数，SQL 语法中该部分是可选项。</li></ul><p>下面是一个帮助您理解的 SQL 语句示例：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">CREATE</span> STATELESS <span class="token keyword">TRIGGER</span> triggerTest
BEFORE <span class="token keyword">INSERT</span>
<span class="token keyword">ON</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>
<span class="token keyword">AS</span> <span class="token string">&#39;org.apache.iotdb.trigger.ClusterAlertingExample&#39;</span>
<span class="token keyword">USING</span> URI <span class="token string">&#39;http://jar/ClusterAlertingExample.jar&#39;</span>
<span class="token keyword">WITH</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">&quot;name&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;trigger&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">&quot;limit&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;100&quot;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>上述 SQL 语句创建了一个名为 triggerTest 的触发器：</p><ul><li>该触发器是无状态的（STATELESS）</li><li>在写入前触发（BEFORE INSERT）</li><li>该触发器侦听路径模式为 <a href="http://root.sg" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">root.sg<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.**</li><li>所编写的触发器类名为 org.apache.iotdb.trigger.ClusterAlertingExample</li><li>JAR 包的 URI 为 <a href="http://jar/ClusterAlertingExample.jar" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">http://jar/ClusterAlertingExample.jar<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>创建该触发器实例时会传入 name 和 limit 两个参数。</li></ul><h3 id="卸载触发器" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#卸载触发器" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 卸载触发器</h3><p>可以通过指定触发器 ID 的方式卸载触发器，卸载触发器的过程中会且仅会调用一次触发器的 <code>onDrop</code> 接口。</p><p>卸载触发器的 SQL 语法如下：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token comment">// Drop Trigger</span>
dropTrigger
: <span class="token keyword">DROP</span> <span class="token keyword">TRIGGER</span> triggerName<span class="token operator">=</span>identifier
<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>下面是示例语句：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">DROP</span> <span class="token keyword">TRIGGER</span> triggerTest1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>上述语句将会卸载 ID 为 triggerTest1 的触发器。</p><h3 id="查询触发器" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#查询触发器" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 查询触发器</h3><p>可以通过 SQL 语句查询集群中存在的触发器的信息。SQL 语法如下：</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">SHOW</span> TRIGGERS
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>该语句的结果集格式如下：</p><table><thead><tr><th>TriggerName</th><th>Event</th><th>Type</th><th>State</th><th>PathPattern</th><th>ClassName</th><th>NodeId</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>triggerTest1</td><td>BEFORE_INSERT / AFTER_INSERT</td><td>STATELESS / STATEFUL</td><td>INACTIVE / ACTIVE / DROPPING / TRANSFFERING</td><td>root.**</td><td>org.apache.iotdb.trigger.TriggerExample</td><td>ALL(STATELESS) / DATA_NODE_ID(STATEFUL)</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 id="触发器状态说明" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#触发器状态说明" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 触发器状态说明</h3><p>在集群中注册以及卸载触发器的过程中，我们维护了触发器的状态，下面是对这些状态的说明：</p><table><thead><tr><th>状态</th><th>描述</th><th>是否建议写入进行</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>INACTIVE</td><td>执行 <code>CREATE TRIGGER</code> 的中间状态，集群刚在 ConfigNode 上记录该触发器的信息，还未在任何 DataNode 上激活该触发器</td><td>否</td></tr><tr><td>ACTIVE</td><td>执行 <code>CREATE TRIGGE</code> 成功后的状态，集群所有 DataNode 上的该触发器都已经可用</td><td>是</td></tr><tr><td>DROPPING</td><td>执行 <code>DROP TRIGGER</code> 的中间状态，集群正处在卸载该触发器的过程中</td><td>否</td></tr><tr><td>TRANSFERRING</td><td>集群正在进行该触发器实例位置的迁移</td><td>否</td></tr></tbody></table></div><!----><footer class="page-meta"><div class="meta-item edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/edit/master/docs/zh/UserGuide/Trigger/Trigger-Management.md" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="发现错误？在 GitHub 上编辑此页" class="nav-link label"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon edit-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="edit icon"><path d="M430.818 653.65a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-50.96-93.281l71.69-114.012 7.773-10.365L816.038 80.138A60.46 60.46 0 0 1 859.225 62a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 43.186 18.138l43.186 43.186a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 86.373L588.879 565.55l-8.637 8.637-117.466 68.234a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-31.958 11.229z"></path><path d="M728.802 962H252.891A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 62.008 771.98V296.934a190.883 190.883 0 0 1 190.883-192.61h267.754a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 120.92H252.891a69.962 69.962 0 0 0-69.098 69.099V771.98a69.962 69.962 0 0 0 69.098 69.098h475.911A69.962 69.962 0 0 0 797.9 771.98V503.363a60.46 60.46 0 1 1 120.922 0V771.98A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 728.802 962z"></path></svg><!--]-->发现错误？在 GitHub 上编辑此页<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="meta-item git-info"><!----><!----></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Trigger/Implement-Trigger.html" class="nav-link prev" aria-label="编写触发器"><div class="hint"><span class="arrow start"></span>上一页</div><div class="link"><!---->编写触发器</div></a><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Trigger/Notes.html" class="nav-link next" aria-label="重要注意事项"><div class="hint">下一页<span class="arrow end"></span></div><div class="link">重要注意事项<!----></div></a></nav><!----><!----><!--]--></main><!--]--><footer style="padding-bottom:2rem;"><span id="doc-version" style="display:none;">master</span><p style="text-align:center;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;">Copyright © 2023 The Apache Software Foundation.<br> Apache and the Apache feather logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation</p><p style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;"><strong>Have a question?</strong> Connect with us on QQ, WeChat, or Slack. <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/issues/1995">Join the community</a> now.</p><p style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;"> We use <a href="https://analytics.google.com">Google Analytics</a> to collect anonymous, aggregated usage information. </p></footer></div><!--]--><!--]--><!----><!--]--></div>
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