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| <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav> <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>系统设计</span> <!----></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>应用概览</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>TsFile</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>查询引擎</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>元数据管理</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>存储引擎</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/zh/SystemDesign/StorageEngine/FileLists.html" class="sidebar-link">磁盘文件汇总</a></li><li><a href="/zh/SystemDesign/StorageEngine/StorageEngine.html" class="sidebar-link">存储引擎</a></li><li><a href="/zh/SystemDesign/StorageEngine/WAL.html" class="sidebar-link">写前日志</a></li><li><a href="/zh/SystemDesign/StorageEngine/FlushManager.html" class="sidebar-link">FlushManager</a></li><li><a href="/zh/SystemDesign/StorageEngine/MergeManager.html" class="sidebar-link">文件合并机制</a></li><li><a href="/zh/SystemDesign/StorageEngine/DataPartition.html" class="sidebar-link">数据分区</a></li><li><a href="/zh/SystemDesign/StorageEngine/DataManipulation.html" aria-current="page" class="active sidebar-link">数据增删改</a></li><li><a href="/zh/SystemDesign/StorageEngine/Recover.html" class="sidebar-link">重启恢复</a></li><li><a href="/zh/SystemDesign/StorageEngine/Compaction.html" class="sidebar-link">文件合并</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>数据查询</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>工具</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>连接器</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>客户端</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="content content__default"><h1 id="数据增删改"><a href="#数据增删改" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数据增删改</h1> <p>下面介绍四种常用数据操控操作，分别是插入，更新，删除和TTL设置</p> <h2 id="数据插入"><a href="#数据插入" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数据插入</h2> <h3 id="单行数据-一个设备一个时间戳多个值-写入"><a href="#单行数据-一个设备一个时间戳多个值-写入" class="header-anchor">#</a> 单行数据（一个设备一个时间戳多个值）写入</h3> <ul><li><p>对应的接口</p> <ul><li>JDBC 的 execute 和 executeBatch 接口</li> <li>Session 的 insertRecord 和 insertRecords</li></ul></li> <li><p>总入口: public void insert(InsertRowPlan insertRowPlan) StorageEngine.java</p> <ul><li>找到对应的 StorageGroupProcessor</li> <li>根据写入数据的时间以及当前设备落盘的最后时间戳，找到对应的 TsFileProcessor</li> <li>写入 TsFileProcessor 对应的 memtable 中 |
| <ul><li>如果是乱序文件，则更新tsfileResource中的endTimeMap</li> <li>如果tsfile中没有该设备的信息，或新插入数据的时间小于已存startTime，则更新tsfileResource中的startTimeMap</li></ul></li> <li>记录写前日志</li> <li>根据 memtable 大小，来判断是否触发异步持久化 memtable 操作 |
| <ul><li>如果是顺序文件且执行了刷盘动作，则更新tsfileResource中的endTimeMap</li></ul></li> <li>根据当前磁盘 TsFile 的大小，判断是否触发文件关闭操作</li></ul></li></ul> <h3 id="批量数据-一个设备多个时间戳多个值-写入"><a href="#批量数据-一个设备多个时间戳多个值-写入" class="header-anchor">#</a> 批量数据（一个设备多个时间戳多个值）写入</h3> <ul><li><p>对应的接口</p> <ul><li>Session 的 insertTablet</li></ul></li> <li><p>总入口: public void insertTablet(InsertTabletPlan insertTabletPlan) StorageEngine.java</p> <ul><li>找到对应的 StorageGroupProcessor</li> <li>根据这批数据的时间以及当前设备落盘的最后时间戳，将这批数据分成小批，分别对应到一个 TsFileProcessor 中</li> <li>分别将每小批写入 TsFileProcessor 对应的 memtable 中 |
| <ul><li>如果是乱序文件，则更新tsfileResource中的endTimeMap</li> <li>如果tsfile中没有该设备的信息，或新插入数据的时间小于已存startTime，则更新tsfileResource中的startTimeMap</li></ul></li> <li>记录写前日志</li> <li>根据 memtable 大小，来判断是否触发异步持久化 memtable 操作 |
| <ul><li>如果是顺序文件且执行了刷盘动作，则更新tsfileResource中的endTimeMap</li></ul></li> <li>根据当前磁盘 TsFile 的大小，判断是否触发文件关闭操作</li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="数据更新"><a href="#数据更新" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数据更新</h2> <p>目前不支持数据的原地更新操作，即update语句，但用户可以直接插入新的数据，在同一个时间点上的同一个时间序列以最新插入的数据为准 |
| 旧数据会通过合并来自动删除，参见：</p> <ul><li><a href="/zh/SystemDesign/StorageEngine/MergeManager.html">文件合并机制</a></li></ul> <h2 id="数据删除"><a href="#数据删除" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数据删除</h2> <ul><li>对应的接口 |
| <ul><li>JDBC 的 execute 接口，使用delete SQL语句</li></ul></li></ul> <p>每个 StorageGroupProsessor 中针对每个分区会维护一个自增的版本号，由 SimpleFileVersionController 管理。 |
| 每个内存缓冲区 memtable 在持久化的时候会申请一个版本号。持久化到 TsFile 后，会在 TsFileMetadata 中记录此 memtable 对应的 多个 ChunkGroup 的终止位置和版本号。 |
| 查询时会根据此信息对 ChunkMetadata 赋 version。</p> <p>StorageEngine.java中的delete入口:</p> <p><code>public void delete(String deviceId, String measurementId, long timestamp)</code></p> <ul><li>找到对应的 StorageGroupProcessor</li> <li>找到受影响的所有 working TsFileProcessor 记录写前日志</li> <li>找到受影响的所有 TsFileResource，在其对应的 mods 文件中记录一条记录：path，version，startTime，endTime |
| <ul><li>如果存在 working memtable：则删除内存中的数据</li> <li>如果存在 正在 flush 的 memtable，记录一条记录，查询时跳过删掉的数据（注意此时文件中已经为这些 memtable 记录了 mods）</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Mods文件用来存储所有的删除记录。下图的mods文件中，d1.s1落在 [100, 200], [180, 300]范围的数据，以及d1.s2落在[500, 1000]范围中的数据将会被删除。</p> <p><img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/59866276/88248546-20952600-ccd4-11ea-88e9-84af8dde4304.jpg" alt=""></p> <h2 id="数据ttl设置"><a href="#数据ttl设置" class="header-anchor">#</a> 数据TTL设置</h2> <ul><li><p>对应的接口</p> <ul><li>JDBC 的 execute 接口，使用SET TTL语句</li></ul></li> <li><p>总入口: public void setTTL(String storageGroup, long dataTTL) StorageEngine.java</p> <ul><li>找到对应的 StorageGroupProcessor</li> <li>在 StorageGroupProcessor 中设置新的data ttl</li> <li>对所有TsfileResource进行TTL检查</li> <li>如果某个文件在当前TTL下失效，则删除文件</li></ul></li></ul> <p>同时，我们在 StorageEngine 中启动了一个定时检查文件TTL的线程，详见</p> <ul><li>src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/db/engine/StorageEngine.java 中的 start 方法</li></ul></div> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"> |
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