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| 基金会 |
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| <!----></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><a class="dropdown-title"><span class="title">语言</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></a> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/UserGuide/Master/Client/Programming - TsFile API.html" class="nav-link">English</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Client/Programming - TsFile API.html" class="nav-link">简体中文</a></li></ul></div></div> <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb.git" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="repo-link"> |
| gitHub |
| <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav> <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>IoTDB用户手册 (In progress)</span> <!----></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>开始</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>概述</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>概念</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>服务器端</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>客户端</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Client/Command Line Interface.html" class="sidebar-link">命令行接口(CLI)</a></li><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Client/Programming - Native API.html" class="sidebar-link">原生接口</a></li><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Client/Programming - JDBC.html" class="sidebar-link">JDBC</a></li><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Client/Programming - Other Languages.html" class="sidebar-link">其他语言</a></li><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Client/Programming - TsFile API.html" class="active sidebar-link">TsFile API</a></li><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Client/Programming - MQTT.html" class="sidebar-link">MQTT</a></li><li><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Client/Status Codes.html" class="sidebar-link">状态码</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>操作指南</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>系统工具</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>生态集成</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>系统设计</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="content content__default"><h1 id="tsfile-api"><a href="#tsfile-api" class="header-anchor">#</a> TsFile API</h1> <p>TsFile 是在 IoTDB 中使用的时间序列的文件格式。在这个章节中，我们将介绍这种文件格式的用法。</p> <h2 id="安装-tsfile-libaray"><a href="#安装-tsfile-libaray" class="header-anchor">#</a> 安装 TsFile libaray</h2> <p>在您自己的项目中有两种方法使用 TsFile .</p> <ul><li><p>使用 jar 包:</p> <ul><li><p>编译源码生成 jar 包</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>git clone https://github.com/apache/iotdb.git |
| cd tsfile/ |
| mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><p>命令执行完成之后，所有的 jar 包都可以从 <code>target/</code> 目录下找到。之后您可以在自己的工程中倒入 <code>target/tsfile-0.10.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar</code>.</p></li></ul></li> <li><p>使用 Maven 依赖:</p> <p>编译源码并且部署到您的本地仓库中需要 3 步:</p> <ul><li><p>下载源码</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>git clone https://github.com/apache/iotdb.git |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p>编译源码和部署到本地仓库</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>cd tsfile/ |
| mvn clean install -Dmaven.test.skip=true |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p>在您自己的工程中增加依赖:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code> <dependency> |
| <groupId>org.apache.iotdb</groupId> |
| <artifactId>tsfile</artifactId> |
| <version>0.10.0</version> |
| </dependency> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div></li></ul> <p>或者，您可以直接使用官方的 Maven 仓库:</p> <ul><li><p>首先，在<code>${username}\.m2\settings.xml</code>目录下的<code>settings.xml</code>文件中<code><profiles></code> |
| 节中增加<code><profile></code>，内容如下:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code> <profile> |
| <id>allow-snapshots</id> |
| <activation><activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault></activation> |
| <repositories> |
| <repository> |
| <id>apache.snapshots</id> |
| <name>Apache Development Snapshot Repository</name> |
| <url>https://repository.apache.org/content/repositories/snapshots/</url> |
| <releases> |
| <enabled>false</enabled> |
| </releases> |
| <snapshots> |
| <enabled>true</enabled> |
| </snapshots> |
| </repository> |
| </repositories> |
| </profile> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p>之后您可以在您的工程中增加如下依赖:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code> <dependency> |
| <groupId>org.apache.iotdb</groupId> |
| <artifactId>tsfile</artifactId> |
| <version>0.10.0</version> |
| </dependency> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div></li></ul></li></ul> <h2 id="tsfile-的使用"><a href="#tsfile-的使用" class="header-anchor">#</a> TSFile 的使用</h2> <p>本章节演示TsFile的详细用法。</p> <h3 id="时序数据-time-series-data"><a href="#时序数据-time-series-data" class="header-anchor">#</a> 时序数据(Time-series Data)</h3> <p>一个时序是由4个序列组成，分别是 device, measurement, time, value。</p> <ul><li><p><strong>measurement</strong>: 时间序列描述的是一个物理或者形式的测量(measurement)，比如：城市的温度，一些商品的销售数量或者是火车在不同时间的速度。 |
| 传统的传感器(如温度计)也采用单次测量(measurement)并产生时间序列，我们将在下面交替使用测量(measurement)和传感器。</p></li> <li><p><strong>device</strong>: 一个设备指的是一个正在进行多次测量(产生多个时间序列)的实体，例如， |
| 一列正在运行的火车监控它的速度、油表、它已经运行的英里数，当前的乘客每个都被传送到一个时间序列。</p></li></ul> <p>表1描述了一组时间序列数据。下表中显示的集合包含一个名为 "device_1" 的设备，它有三个测量值(measurement)分别是 |
| "sensor_1", "sensor_2" 和 "sensor_3".</p> <center><table style="text-align:center;"><tr><th colspan="6">device_1</th></tr> <tr><th colspan="2">sensor_1</th><th colspan="2">sensor_2</th><th colspan="2">sensor_3</th></tr> <tr><th>time</th><th>value</th><th>time</th><th>value</th><th>time</th><th>value</th></tr> <tr><td>1</td><td>1.2</td><td>1</td><td>20</td><td>2</td><td>50</td></tr> <tr><td>3</td><td>1.4</td><td>2</td><td>20</td><td>4</td><td>51</td></tr> <tr><td>5</td><td>1.1</td><td>3</td><td>21</td><td>6</td><td>52</td></tr> <tr><td>7</td><td>1.8</td><td>4</td><td>20</td><td>8</td><td>53</td></tr></table> <span>一组时间序列数据</span></center> <p><strong>单行数据</strong>: 在许多工业应用程序中，一个设备通常包含多个传感器，这些传感器可能同时具有多个值，这称为一行数据。</p> <p>在形式上，一行数据包含一个<code>device_id</code>，它是一个时间戳，表示从 1970年1月1日 00:00:00 开始的毫秒数, |
| 以及由<code>measurement_id</code>和相应的<code>value</code>组成的几个数据对。一行中的所有数据对都属于这个<code>device_id</code>，并且具有相同的时间戳。 |
| 如果其中一个度量值<code>measurements</code>在某个时间戳<code>timestamp</code>没有值<code>value</code>，将使用一个空格表示(实际上 TsFile 并不存储 null 值)。 |
| 其格式如下：</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>device_id, timestamp, <measurement_id, value>... |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>示例数据如下所示。在本例中，两个度量值(measurement)的数据类型分别是<code>INT32</code>和<code>FLOAT</code>。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>device_1, 1490860659000, m1, 10, m2, 12.12 |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h3 id="写入-tsfile"><a href="#写入-tsfile" class="header-anchor">#</a> 写入 TsFile</h3> <h4 id="生成一个-tsfile-文件"><a href="#生成一个-tsfile-文件" class="header-anchor">#</a> 生成一个 TsFile 文件</h4> <p>TsFile可以通过以下三个步骤生成，完整的代码参见"写入 TsFile 示例"章节。</p> <ul><li><p>首先，构造一个<code>TsFileWriter</code>实例。</p> <p>以下是可用的构造函数:</p> <ul><li>没有预定义 schema</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>public TsFileWriter(File file) throws IOException |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ul><li>预定义 schema</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>public TsFileWriter(File file, Schema schema) throws IOException |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>这个是用于使用 HDFS 文件系统的。<code>TsFileOutput</code>可以是<code>HDFSOutput</code>类的一个实例。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>public TsFileWriter(TsFileOutput output, Schema schema) throws IOException |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>如果你想自己设置一些 TSFile 的配置，你可以使用<code>config</code>参数。比如:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>TSFileConfig conf = new TSFileConfig(); |
| conf.setTSFileStorageFs("HDFS"); |
| TsFileWriter tsFileWriter = new TsFileWriter(file, schema, conf); |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><p>在上面的例子中，数据文件将存储在 HDFS 中，而不是本地文件系统中。如果你想在本地文件系统中存储数据文件，你可以使用<code>conf.setTSFileStorageFs("LOCAL")</code>，这也是默认的配置。</p> <p>您还可以通过<code>config.setHdfsIp(...)</code>和<code>config.setHdfsPort(...)</code>来配置 HDFS 的 IP 和端口。默认的 IP是<code>localhost</code>，默认的<code>RPC</code>端口是<code>9000</code>.</p> <p><strong>参数:</strong></p> <ul><li><p>file : 写入 TsFile 数据的文件</p></li> <li><p>schema : 文件的 schemas，将在下章进行介绍</p></li> <li><p>config : TsFile 的一些配置项</p></li></ul></li> <li><p>第二步，添加测量值(measurement)</p> <p>你也可以先创建一个<code>Schema</code>类的实例然后把它传递给<code>TsFileWriter</code>类的构造函数</p> <p><code>Schema</code>类保存的是一个映射关系，key 是一个 measurement 的名字，value 是 measurement schema.</p> <p>下面是一系列接口:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>// Create an empty Schema or from an existing map |
| public Schema() |
| public Schema(Map<String, MeasurementSchema> measurements) |
| // Use this two interfaces to add measurements |
| public void registerMeasurement(MeasurementSchema descriptor) |
| public void registerMeasurements(Map<String, MeasurementSchema> measurements) |
| // Some useful getter and checker |
| public TSDataType getMeasurementDataType(String measurementId) |
| public MeasurementSchema getMeasurementSchema(String measurementId) |
| public Map<String, MeasurementSchema> getAllMeasurementSchema() |
| public boolean hasMeasurement(String measurementId) |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><p>你可以在<code>TsFileWriter</code>类中使用以下接口来添加额外的测量(measurement): |
| </p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>public void addMeasurement(MeasurementSchema measurementSchema) throws WriteProcessException |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p><code>MeasurementSchema</code>类保存了一个测量(measurement)的信息，有几个构造函数:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>public MeasurementSchema(String measurementId, TSDataType type, TSEncoding encoding) |
| public MeasurementSchema(String measurementId, TSDataType type, TSEncoding encoding, CompressionType compressionType) |
| public MeasurementSchema(String measurementId, TSDataType type, TSEncoding encoding, CompressionType compressionType, |
| Map<String, String> props) |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><p><strong>参数:</strong> |
| </p> <ul><li><p>measurementID: 测量的名称，通常是传感器的名称。</p></li> <li><p>type: 数据类型，现在支持六种类型: <code>BOOLEAN</code>, <code>INT32</code>, <code>INT64</code>, <code>FLOAT</code>, <code>DOUBLE</code>, <code>TEXT</code>;</p></li> <li><p>encoding: 编码类型. 参见 <a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/Concept/Encoding.html">Chapter 2-3</a>.</p></li> <li><p>compression: 压缩方式. 现在支持 <code>UNCOMPRESSED</code> 和 <code>SNAPPY</code>.</p></li> <li><p>props: 特殊数据类型的属性。比如说<code>FLOAT</code>和<code>DOUBLE</code>可以设置<code>max_point_number</code>，<code>TEXT</code>可以设置<code>max_string_length</code>。 |
| 可以使用Map来保存键值对，比如("max_point_number", "3")。</p></li></ul> <blockquote><p><strong>注意:</strong> 虽然一个测量(measurement)的名字可以被用在多个deltaObjects中, 但是它的参数是不允许被修改的。比如: |
| 不允许多次为同一个测量(measurement)名添加不同类型的编码。下面是一个错误示例:</p></blockquote> <div class="language- extra-class"><pre><code> // The measurement "sensor_1" is float type |
| addMeasurement(new MeasurementSchema("sensor_1", TSDataType.FLOAT, TSEncoding.RLE)); |
| |
| // This call will throw a WriteProcessException exception |
| addMeasurement(new MeasurementSchema("sensor_1", TSDataType.INT32, TSEncoding.RLE)); |
| </code></pre></div></li> <li><p>第三，插入和写入数据。</p> <p>使用这个接口创建一个新的<code>TSRecord</code>(时间戳和设备对)。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>public TSRecord(long timestamp, String deviceId) |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>然后创建一个<code>DataPoint</code>(度量(measurement)和值的对应)，并使用 addTuple 方法将数据 DataPoint 添加正确的值到 TsRecord。</p> <p>用下面这种方法写</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>public void write(TSRecord record) throws IOException, WriteProcessException |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p>最后，调用<code>close</code>方法来完成写入过程。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>public void close() throws IOException |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div></li></ul> <p>我们也支持将数据写入已关闭的 TsFile 文件中。</p> <ul><li>使用<code>ForceAppendTsFileWriter</code>打开已经关闭的文件。</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>public ForceAppendTsFileWriter(File file) throws IOException |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ul><li><p>调用 <code>doTruncate</code> 去掉文件的Metadata部分</p></li> <li><p>然后使用 <code>ForceAppendTsFileWriter</code> 构造另一个<code>TsFileWriter</code></p></li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>public TsFileWriter(TsFileIOWriter fileWriter) throws IOException |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>请注意 此时需要重新添加测量值(measurement) 再进行上述写入操作。</p> <h4 id="写入-tsfile-示例"><a href="#写入-tsfile-示例" class="header-anchor">#</a> 写入 TsFile 示例</h4> <p>您需要安装 TsFile 到本地的 Maven 仓库中。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>mvn clean install -pl tsfile -am -DskipTests |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>如果存在<strong>非对齐</strong>的时序数据(比如：不是所有的传感器都有值)，您可以通过构造<strong>TSRecord</strong>来写入。</p> <p>更详细的例子可以在<code>/example/tsfile/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/tsfile/TsFileWriteWithTSRecord.java</code>中查看</p> <p>如果所有时序数据都是<strong>对齐</strong>的，您可以通过构造<strong>Tablet</strong>来写入数据。</p> <p>更详细的例子可以在<code>/example/tsfile/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/tsfile/TsFileWriteWithTablet.java</code>中查看</p> <p>在已关闭的TsFile 文件中写入新数据的详细例子可以在<code>/example/tsfile/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/tsfile/TsFileForceAppendWrite.java</code>中查看</p> <h3 id="读取-tsfile-接口"><a href="#读取-tsfile-接口" class="header-anchor">#</a> 读取 TsFile 接口</h3> <h4 id="开始之前"><a href="#开始之前" class="header-anchor">#</a> 开始之前</h4> <p>"时序数据"章节中的数据集在本章节做具体的介绍。下表中显示的集合包含一个名为"device_1"的 deltaObject，包含了 3 个名为"sensor_1","sensor_2"和"sensor_3"的测量(measurement)。 |
| 测量值被简化成一个简单的例子，每条数据只包含 4 条时间和值的对应数据。</p> <center><table style="text-align:center;"><tr><th colspan="6">device_1</th></tr> <tr><th colspan="2">sensor_1</th><th colspan="2">sensor_2</th><th colspan="2">sensor_3</th></tr> <tr><th>time</th><th>value</th><th>time</th><th>value</th><th>time</th><th>value</th></tr> <tr><td>1</td><td>1.2</td><td>1</td><td>20</td><td>2</td><td>50</td></tr> <tr><td>3</td><td>1.4</td><td>2</td><td>20</td><td>4</td><td>51</td></tr> <tr><td>5</td><td>1.1</td><td>3</td><td>21</td><td>6</td><td>52</td></tr> <tr><td>7</td><td>1.8</td><td>4</td><td>20</td><td>8</td><td>53</td></tr></table> <span>一组时间序列数据</span></center> <h4 id="路径的定义"><a href="#路径的定义" class="header-anchor">#</a> 路径的定义</h4> <p>路径是一个点(.)分隔的字符串，它唯一地标识 TsFile 中的时间序列，例如："root.area_1.device_1.sensor_1"。 |
| 最后一部分"sensor_1"称为"measurementId"，其余部分"root.area_1.device_1"称为deviceId。 |
| 正如之前提到的，不同设备中的相同测量(measurement)具有相同的数据类型和编码，设备也是唯一的。</p> <p>在read接口中，参数<code>paths</code>表示要选择的测量值(measurement)。 |
| Path实例可以很容易地通过类<code>Path</code>来构造。例如:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Path p = new Path("device_1.sensor_1"); |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>我们可以为查询传递一个 ArrayList 路径，以支持多个路径查询。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>List<Path> paths = new ArrayList<Path>(); |
| paths.add(new Path("device_1.sensor_1")); |
| paths.add(new Path("device_1.sensor_3")); |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><blockquote><p><strong>注意:</strong> 在构造路径时，参数的格式应该是一个点(.)分隔的字符串，最后一部分是measurement，其余部分确认为deviceId。</p></blockquote> <h4 id="定义-filter"><a href="#定义-filter" class="header-anchor">#</a> 定义 Filter</h4> <h5 id="使用条件过滤"><a href="#使用条件过滤" class="header-anchor">#</a> 使用条件过滤</h5> <p>在 TsFile 读取过程中使用 Filter 来选择满足一个或多个给定条件的数据。</p> <h4 id="iexpression"><a href="#iexpression" class="header-anchor">#</a> IExpression</h4> <p><code>IExpression</code>是一个过滤器表达式接口，它将被传递给系统查询时调用。 |
| 我们创建一个或多个筛选器表达式，并且可以使用<code>Binary Filter Operators</code>将它们连接形成最终表达式。</p> <ul><li><p><strong>创建一个Filter表达式</strong></p> <p>有两种类型的过滤器。</p> <ul><li><p>TimeFilter: 使用时序数据中的<code>time</code>过滤。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IExpression timeFilterExpr = new GlobalTimeExpression(TimeFilter); |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>使用以下关系获得一个<code>TimeFilter</code>对象(值是一个 long 型变量)。 |
| <center><table style="text-align:center;"><tr><th>Relationship</th><th>Description</th></tr> <tr><td>TimeFilter.eq(value)</td><td>选择时间等于值的数据</td></tr> <tr><td>TimeFilter.lt(value)</td><td>选择时间小于值的数据</td></tr> <tr><td>TimeFilter.gt(value)</td><td>选择时间大于值的数据</td></tr> <tr><td>TimeFilter.ltEq(value)</td><td>选择时间小于等于值的数据</td></tr> <tr><td>TimeFilter.gtEq(value)</td><td>选择时间大于等于值的数据</td></tr> <tr><td>TimeFilter.notEq(value)</td><td>选择时间不等于值的数据</td></tr> <tr><td>TimeFilter.not(TimeFilter)</td><td>选择时间不满足另一个时间过滤器的数据</td></tr></table></center></p></li> <li><p>ValueFilter: 使用时序数据中的<code>value</code>过滤。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IExpression valueFilterExpr = new SingleSeriesExpression(Path, ValueFilter); |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p><code>ValueFilter</code>的用法与<code>TimeFilter</code>相同，只是需要确保值的类型等于measurement(在路径中定义)的类型。</p></li></ul></li> <li><p><strong>Binary Filter Operators</strong></p> <p>Binary filter operators 可以用来连接两个单独的表达式。</p> <ul><li>BinaryExpression.and(Expression, Expression): 选择同时满足两个表达式的数据。</li> <li>BinaryExpression.or(Expression, Expression): 选择满足任意一个表达式值的数据。</li></ul></li></ul> <h5 id="filter-expression-示例"><a href="#filter-expression-示例" class="header-anchor">#</a> Filter Expression 示例</h5> <ul><li><p><strong>TimeFilterExpression 示例</strong></p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IExpression timeFilterExpr = new GlobalTimeExpression(TimeFilter.eq(15)); // series time = 15 |
| |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IExpression timeFilterExpr = new GlobalTimeExpression(TimeFilter.ltEq(15)); // series time <= 15 |
| |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IExpression timeFilterExpr = new GlobalTimeExpression(TimeFilter.lt(15)); // series time < 15 |
| |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IExpression timeFilterExpr = new GlobalTimeExpression(TimeFilter.gtEq(15)); // series time >= 15 |
| |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IExpression timeFilterExpr = new GlobalTimeExpression(TimeFilter.notEq(15)); // series time != 15 |
| |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IExpression timeFilterExpr = BinaryExpression.and(new GlobalTimeExpression(TimeFilter.gtEq(15L)), |
| new GlobalTimeExpression(TimeFilter.lt(25L))); // 15 <= series time < 25 |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>IExpression timeFilterExpr = BinaryExpression.or(new GlobalTimeExpression(TimeFilter.gtEq(15L)), |
| new GlobalTimeExpression(TimeFilter.lt(25L))); // series time >= 15 or series time < 25 |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div></li></ul> <h4 id="读取接口"><a href="#读取接口" class="header-anchor">#</a> 读取接口</h4> <p>首先，我们打开 TsFile 并从文件路径<code>path</code>中获取一个<code>ReadOnlyTsFile</code>实例。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>TsFileSequenceReader reader = new TsFileSequenceReader(path); |
| |
| ReadOnlyTsFile readTsFile = new ReadOnlyTsFile(reader); |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><p>接下来，我们准备路径数组和查询表达式，然后通过这个接口得到最终的<code>QueryExpression</code>对象:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>QueryExpression queryExpression = QueryExpression.create(paths, statement); |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>ReadOnlyTsFile类有两个<code>query</code>方法来执行查询。</p> <ul><li><p><strong>Method 1</strong></p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>public QueryDataSet query(QueryExpression queryExpression) throws IOException |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div></li> <li><p><strong>Method 2</strong></p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>public QueryDataSet query(QueryExpression queryExpression, long partitionStartOffset, long partitionEndOffset) throws IOException |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>此方法是为高级应用(如 TsFile-Spark 连接器)设计的。</p> <ul><li><strong>参数</strong> : 对于 method 2，添加了两个额外的参数来支持部分查询(Partial Query): |
| <ul><li><code>partitionStartOffset</code>: TsFile 的开始偏移量</li> <li><code>partitionEndOffset</code>: TsFile 的结束偏移量 |
| </li></ul> <blockquote><p><strong>什么是部分查询?</strong></p> <p>在一些分布式文件系统中(比如：HDFS), 文件被分成几个部分，这些部分被称为"Blocks"并存储在不同的节点中。在涉及的每个节点上并行执行查询可以提高效率。因此需要部分查询(Partial Query)。部分查询(Partial Query)仅支持查询 TsFile 中被<code>QueryConstant.PARTITION_START_OFFSET</code>和<code>QueryConstant.PARTITION_END_OFFSET</code>分割的部分。</p></blockquote></li></ul></li></ul> <h3 id="querydataset-接口"><a href="#querydataset-接口" class="header-anchor">#</a> QueryDataset 接口</h3> <p>上面执行的查询将返回一个<code>QueryDataset</code>对象。</p> <p>下面是一些用户常用的接口：</p> <ul><li><p><code>bool hasNext();</code></p> <p>如果该数据集仍然有数据，则返回true。</p></li> <li><p><code>List<Path> getPaths()</code></p> <p>获取这个数据集中的路径。</p></li> <li><p><code>List<TSDataType> getDataTypes();</code></p> <p>获取数据类型。TSDataType 是一个 enum 类，其值如下:</p> <div class="language- extra-class"><pre><code> BOOLEAN, |
| INT32, |
| INT64, |
| FLOAT, |
| DOUBLE, |
| TEXT; |
| </code></pre></div></li> <li><p><code>RowRecord next() throws IOException;</code></p> <p>获取下一条记录。</p> <p><code>RowRecord</code>类包含一个<code>long</code>类型的时间戳和一个<code>List<Field></code>，用于不同传感器中的数据，我们可以使用两个getter方法来获取它们。</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>long getTimestamp(); |
| List<Field> getFields(); |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>要从一个字段获取数据，请使用以下方法:</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>TSDataType getDataType(); |
| Object getObjectValue(); |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div></li></ul> <h4 id="读取现有-tsfile-示例"><a href="#读取现有-tsfile-示例" class="header-anchor">#</a> 读取现有 TsFile 示例</h4> <p>您需要安装 TsFile 到本地的 Maven 仓库中。</p> <p>有关查询语句的更详细示例，请参见 |
| <code>/tsfile/example/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/tsfile/TsFileRead.java</code></p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token keyword">package</span> <span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>tsfile</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">java<span class="token punctuation">.</span>io<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">IOException</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">java<span class="token punctuation">.</span>util<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">ArrayList</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>tsfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">ReadOnlyTsFile</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>tsfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">TsFileSequenceReader</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>tsfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">.</span>common<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">Path</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>tsfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">.</span>expression<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">IExpression</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>tsfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">.</span>expression<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">QueryExpression</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>tsfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">.</span>expression<span class="token punctuation">.</span>impl<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">BinaryExpression</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>tsfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">.</span>expression<span class="token punctuation">.</span>impl<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">GlobalTimeExpression</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>tsfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">.</span>expression<span class="token punctuation">.</span>impl<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">SingleSeriesExpression</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>tsfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">.</span>filter<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">TimeFilter</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>tsfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">.</span>filter<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">ValueFilter</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token namespace">org<span class="token punctuation">.</span>apache<span class="token punctuation">.</span>iotdb<span class="token punctuation">.</span>tsfile<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">.</span>query<span class="token punctuation">.</span>dataset<span class="token punctuation">.</span></span><span class="token class-name">QueryDataSet</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="token comment">/** |
| * The class is to show how to read TsFile file named "test.tsfile". |
| * The TsFile file "test.tsfile" is generated from class TsFileWrite. |
| * Run TsFileWrite to generate the test.tsfile first |
| */</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">TsFileRead</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">queryAndPrint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ArrayList</span><span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">Path</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> paths<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ReadOnlyTsFile</span> readTsFile<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">IExpression</span> statement<span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">throws</span> <span class="token class-name">IOException</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> |
| <span class="token class-name">QueryExpression</span> queryExpression <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">QueryExpression</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">create</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>paths<span class="token punctuation">,</span> statement<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token class-name">QueryDataSet</span> queryDataSet <span class="token operator">=</span> readTsFile<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">query</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>queryExpression<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>queryDataSet<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">hasNext</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> |
| <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>queryDataSet<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">next</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">}</span> |
| <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"------------"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">}</span> |
| |
| <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throws</span> <span class="token class-name">IOException</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> |
| |
| <span class="token comment">// file path</span> |
| <span class="token class-name">String</span> path <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"test.tsfile"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="token comment">// create reader and get the readTsFile interface</span> |
| <span class="token class-name">TsFileSequenceReader</span> reader <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TsFileSequenceReader</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>path<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token class-name">ReadOnlyTsFile</span> readTsFile <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ReadOnlyTsFile</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>reader<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token comment">// use these paths(all sensors) for all the queries</span> |
| <span class="token class-name">ArrayList</span><span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">Path</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span> paths <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ArrayList</span><span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| paths<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Path</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"device_1.sensor_1"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| paths<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Path</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"device_1.sensor_2"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| paths<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Path</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"device_1.sensor_3"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="token comment">// no query statement</span> |
| <span class="token function">queryAndPrint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>paths<span class="token punctuation">,</span> readTsFile<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| |
| <span class="token comment">//close the reader when you left</span> |
| reader<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">close</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">}</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">}</span> |
| |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br></div></div><h2 id="修改-tsfile-配置项"><a href="#修改-tsfile-配置项" class="header-anchor">#</a> 修改 TsFile 配置项</h2> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>TSFileConfig config = TSFileDescriptor.getInstance().getConfig(); |
| config.setXXX(); |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div></div> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"> |
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