| <!DOCTYPE html> |
| <html lang="zh-CN" data-theme="light"> |
| <head> |
| <meta charset="utf-8" /> |
| <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" /> |
| <meta name="generator" content="VuePress 2.0.0-beta.61" /> |
| <meta name="theme" content="VuePress Theme Hope" /> |
| <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-us" href="https://iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html"><meta property="og:url" content="https://iotdb.apache.org/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html"><meta property="og:site_name" content="IoTDB Website"><meta property="og:title" content="查询写回(SELECT INTO)"><meta property="og:description" content="SELECT INTO 语句用于将查询结果写入一系列指定的时间序列中。 应用场景如下: 实现 IoTDB 内部 ETL:对原始数据进行 ETL 处理后写入新序列。; 查询结果存储:将查询结果进行持久化存储,起到类似物化视图的作用。; 非对齐序列转对齐序列:对齐序列从0.13版本开始支持,可以通过该功能将非对齐序列的数据写入新的对齐序列中。; 语法定义 ..."><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta property="og:locale" content="zh-CN"><meta property="og:locale:alternate" content="en-US"><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"查询写回(SELECT INTO)","image":[""],"dateModified":null,"author":[]}</script><link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico"><meta name="Description" content="Apache IoTDB: Time Series Database for IoT"><meta name="Keywords" content="TSDB, time series, time series database, IoTDB, IoT database, IoT data management,时序数据库, 时间序列管理, IoTDB, 物联网数据库, 实时数据库, 物联网数据管理, 物联网数据"><meta name="baidu-site-verification" content="wfKETzB3OT"><meta name="google-site-verification" content="mZWAoRY0yj_HAr-s47zHCGHzx5Ju-RVm5wDbPnwQYFo"><title>查询写回(SELECT INTO) | IoTDB Website</title><meta name="description" content="SELECT INTO 语句用于将查询结果写入一系列指定的时间序列中。 应用场景如下: 实现 IoTDB 内部 ETL:对原始数据进行 ETL 处理后写入新序列。; 查询结果存储:将查询结果进行持久化存储,起到类似物化视图的作用。; 非对齐序列转对齐序列:对齐序列从0.13版本开始支持,可以通过该功能将非对齐序列的数据写入新的对齐序列中。; 语法定义 ..."> |
| <style> |
| :root { |
| --bg-color: #fff; |
| } |
| |
| html[data-theme="dark"] { |
| --bg-color: #1d1e1f; |
| } |
| |
| html, |
| body { |
| background: var(--bg-color); |
| } |
| </style> |
| <script> |
| const userMode = localStorage.getItem("vuepress-theme-hope-scheme"); |
| const systemDarkMode = |
| window.matchMedia && |
| window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches; |
| |
| if (userMode === "dark" || (userMode !== "light" && systemDarkMode)) { |
| document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-theme", "dark"); |
| } |
| </script> |
| <link rel="preload" href="/assets/style-13611a3c.css" as="style"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/style-13611a3c.css"> |
| <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/app-f2ec2f8e.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/framework-5638dcb2.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/Select-Into.html-5689cbb5.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/Select-Into.html-2fd15f56.js"> |
| </head> |
| <body> |
| <div id="app"><!--[--><!--[--><!--[--><span tabindex="-1"></span><a href="#main-content" class="skip-link sr-only">跳至主要內容</a><!--]--><!--[--><div class="theme-container has-toc"><!--[--><header class="navbar hide-icon" id="navbar"><div class="navbar-start"><button class="toggle-sidebar-button" title="Toggle Sidebar"><span class="icon"></span></button><!--[--><!----><!--]--><a href="/zh/" class="brand"><img class="logo" src="/logo.png" alt="IoTDB Website"><!----><span class="site-name hide-in-pad">IoTDB Website</span></a><!--[--><!----><!--]--></div><div class="navbar-center"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--></div><div class="navbar-end"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div id="docsearch-container"></div><nav class="nav-links"><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button class="dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="文档"><span class="title"><!---->文档</span><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="latest"><!---->latest<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.1.x/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="v1.1.x"><!---->v1.1.x<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="v1.0.x"><!---->v1.0.x<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V0.13.x/QuickStart/QuickStart.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="v0.13.x"><!---->v0.13.x<!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=177051872" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="系统设计" class="nav-link"><!---->系统设计<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><a href="/zh/Download/" class="nav-link" aria-label="下载"><!---->下载<!----></a></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button class="dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="社区"><span class="title"><!---->社区</span><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Community/About.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="关于社区"><!---->关于社区<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/iotdb" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Wiki" class="nav-link"><!---->Wiki<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Community/Community-Project-Committers.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="开发人员"><!---->开发人员<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Community/Community-Powered-By.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="技术支持"><!---->技术支持<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/Community/Materials.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="活动与报告"><!---->活动与报告<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Community/Feedback.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="交流与反馈"><!---->交流与反馈<!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button class="dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="开发"><span class="title"><!---->开发</span><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/VoteRelease.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="如何投票"><!---->如何投票<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/HowToCommit.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="如何提交代码"><!---->如何提交代码<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/HowToJoin.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="成为Contributor"><!---->成为Contributor<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/Committer.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="成为Committer"><!---->成为Committer<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/ContributeGuide.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="项目开发指南"><!---->项目开发指南<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/HowtoContributeCode.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="技术贡献指南"><!---->技术贡献指南<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/format-changelist.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="TsFile的更改列表"><!---->TsFile的更改列表<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/Development/rpc-changelist.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="RPC变更清单"><!---->RPC变更清单<!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button class="dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="ASF"><span class="title"><!---->ASF</span><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="基金会" class="nav-link"><!---->基金会<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="许可证" class="nav-link"><!---->许可证<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/security/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="安全" class="nav-link"><!---->安全<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="赞助" class="nav-link"><!---->赞助<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="致谢" class="nav-link"><!---->致谢<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="https://www.apache.org/events/current-event" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="活动" class="nav-link"><!---->活动<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div></nav><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper i18n-dropdown"><button class="dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="选择语言"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon i18n-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="i18n icon" style="width:1rem;height:1rem;vertical-align:middle;"><path d="M379.392 460.8 494.08 575.488l-42.496 102.4L307.2 532.48 138.24 701.44l-71.68-72.704L234.496 460.8l-45.056-45.056c-27.136-27.136-51.2-66.56-66.56-108.544h112.64c7.68 14.336 16.896 27.136 26.112 35.84l45.568 46.08 45.056-45.056C382.976 312.32 409.6 247.808 409.6 204.8H0V102.4h256V0h102.4v102.4h256v102.4H512c0 70.144-37.888 161.28-87.04 210.944L378.88 460.8zM576 870.4 512 1024H409.6l256-614.4H768l256 614.4H921.6l-64-153.6H576zM618.496 768h196.608L716.8 532.48 618.496 768z"></path></svg><!--]--><span class="arrow"></span><ul class="nav-dropdown"><li class="dropdown-item"><a href="/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html" class="nav-link" aria-label="English"><!---->English<!----></a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link active" aria-label="简体中文"><!---->简体中文<!----></a></li></ul></button></div></div><div class="nav-item hide-in-mobile"><button id="appearance-switch"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon auto-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="auto icon" style="display:block;"><path d="M512 992C246.92 992 32 777.08 32 512S246.92 32 512 32s480 214.92 480 480-214.92 480-480 480zm0-840c-198.78 0-360 161.22-360 360 0 198.84 161.22 360 360 360s360-161.16 360-360c0-198.78-161.22-360-360-360zm0 660V212c165.72 0 300 134.34 300 300 0 165.72-134.28 300-300 300z"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon dark-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="dark icon" style="display:none;"><path d="M524.8 938.667h-4.267a439.893 439.893 0 0 1-313.173-134.4 446.293 446.293 0 0 1-11.093-597.334A432.213 432.213 0 0 1 366.933 90.027a42.667 42.667 0 0 1 45.227 9.386 42.667 42.667 0 0 1 10.24 42.667 358.4 358.4 0 0 0 82.773 375.893 361.387 361.387 0 0 0 376.747 82.774 42.667 42.667 0 0 1 54.187 55.04 433.493 433.493 0 0 1-99.84 154.88 438.613 438.613 0 0 1-311.467 128z"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon light-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="light icon" style="display:none;"><path d="M952 552h-80a40 40 0 0 1 0-80h80a40 40 0 0 1 0 80zM801.88 280.08a41 41 0 0 1-57.96-57.96l57.96-58a41.04 41.04 0 0 1 58 58l-58 57.96zM512 752a240 240 0 1 1 0-480 240 240 0 0 1 0 480zm0-560a40 40 0 0 1-40-40V72a40 40 0 0 1 80 0v80a40 40 0 0 1-40 40zm-289.88 88.08-58-57.96a41.04 41.04 0 0 1 58-58l57.96 58a41 41 0 0 1-57.96 57.96zM192 512a40 40 0 0 1-40 40H72a40 40 0 0 1 0-80h80a40 40 0 0 1 40 40zm30.12 231.92a41 41 0 0 1 57.96 57.96l-57.96 58a41.04 41.04 0 0 1-58-58l58-57.96zM512 832a40 40 0 0 1 40 40v80a40 40 0 0 1-80 0v-80a40 40 0 0 1 40-40zm289.88-88.08 58 57.96a41.04 41.04 0 0 1-58 58l-57.96-58a41 41 0 0 1 57.96-57.96z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="nav-item"><a class="repo-link" href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="GitHub"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon github-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="github icon" style="width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem;vertical-align:middle;"><path d="M511.957 21.333C241.024 21.333 21.333 240.981 21.333 512c0 216.832 140.544 400.725 335.574 465.664 24.49 4.395 32.256-10.07 32.256-23.083 0-11.69.256-44.245 0-85.205-136.448 29.61-164.736-64.64-164.736-64.64-22.315-56.704-54.4-71.765-54.4-71.765-44.587-30.464 3.285-29.824 3.285-29.824 49.195 3.413 75.179 50.517 75.179 50.517 43.776 75.008 114.816 53.333 142.762 40.79 4.523-31.66 17.152-53.377 31.19-65.537-108.971-12.458-223.488-54.485-223.488-242.602 0-53.547 19.114-97.323 50.517-131.67-5.035-12.33-21.93-62.293 4.779-129.834 0 0 41.258-13.184 134.912 50.346a469.803 469.803 0 0 1 122.88-16.554c41.642.213 83.626 5.632 122.88 16.554 93.653-63.488 134.784-50.346 134.784-50.346 26.752 67.541 9.898 117.504 4.864 129.834 31.402 34.347 50.474 78.123 50.474 131.67 0 188.586-114.73 230.016-224.042 242.09 17.578 15.232 33.578 44.672 33.578 90.454v135.85c0 13.142 7.936 27.606 32.854 22.87C862.25 912.597 1002.667 728.747 1002.667 512c0-271.019-219.648-490.667-490.71-490.667z"></path></svg></a></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--><button class="toggle-navbar-button" aria-label="Toggle Navbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="nav-screen"><span class="button-container"><span class="button-top"></span><span class="button-middle"></span><span class="button-bottom"></span></span></button></div></header><!----><!--]--><!----><div class="toggle-sidebar-wrapper"><span class="arrow start"></span></div><aside class="sidebar" id="sidebar"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group"><p class="sidebar-heading"><!----><span class="title">IoTDB用户手册 (V1.0.x)</span><!----></p><ul class="sidebar-links"></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">关于IoTDB</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">快速上手</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">数据模式与概念</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">语法约定</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">应用编程接口</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">元数据操作</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">数据写入(数据更新)</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">数据删除</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable active"><!----><span class="title">数据查询</span><span class="arrow down"></span></button><ul class="sidebar-links"><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Overview.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="概述"><!---->概述<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Expression.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="选择表达式"><!---->选择表达式<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Last-Query.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="最新点查询"><!---->最新点查询<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Align-By.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="查询对齐模式"><!---->查询对齐模式<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Where-Condition.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="查询过滤条件"><!---->查询过滤条件<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Group-By.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="分段分组聚合"><!---->分段分组聚合<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Having-Condition.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="聚合结果过滤"><!---->聚合结果过滤<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Fill.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="结果集补空值"><!---->结果集补空值<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Pagination.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="结果集分页"><!---->结果集分页<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link active sidebar-link sidebar-page active" aria-label="查询写回"><!---->查询写回<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#语法定义" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="语法定义"><!---->语法定义<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#整体描述" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="整体描述"><!---->整体描述<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#into-子句" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="INTO 子句"><!---->INTO 子句<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#使用变量占位符" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="使用变量占位符"><!---->使用变量占位符<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#指定目标序列为对齐序列" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="指定目标序列为对齐序列"><!---->指定目标序列为对齐序列<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#不支持使用的查询子句" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="不支持使用的查询子句"><!---->不支持使用的查询子句<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#其他要注意的点" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="其他要注意的点"><!---->其他要注意的点<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#应用举例" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="应用举例"><!---->应用举例<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#实现-iotdb-内部-etl" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="实现 IoTDB 内部 ETL"><!---->实现 IoTDB 内部 ETL<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#查询结果存储" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="查询结果存储"><!---->查询结果存储<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#非对齐序列转对齐序列" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="非对齐序列转对齐序列"><!---->非对齐序列转对齐序列<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#相关用户权限" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="相关用户权限"><!---->相关用户权限<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#相关配置参数" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active nav-link sidebar-link heading" aria-label="相关配置参数"><!---->相关配置参数<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul></li></ul><!--]--></li><li><!--[--><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Continuous-Query.html" class="nav-link sidebar-link sidebar-page" aria-label="连续查询"><!---->连续查询<!----></a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"></ul><!--]--></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">运算符和函数</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">触发器</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">监控告警</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">权限管理</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">运维工具</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">端云协同</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">系统集成</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">分布式</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">FAQ</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group"><button class="sidebar-heading clickable"><!----><span class="title">参考</span><span class="arrow end"></span></button><!----></section></li></ul><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside><!--[--><main class="page" id="main-content"><!--[--><!----><nav class="breadcrumb disable"></nav><div class="page-title"><h1><!---->查询写回(SELECT INTO)</h1><div class="page-info"><!----><!----><!----><!----><span class="page-reading-time-info" aria-label="阅读时间"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon timer-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="timer icon"><path d="M799.387 122.15c4.402-2.978 7.38-7.897 7.38-13.463v-1.165c0-8.933-7.38-16.312-16.312-16.312H256.33c-8.933 0-16.311 7.38-16.311 16.312v1.165c0 5.825 2.977 10.874 7.637 13.592 4.143 194.44 97.22 354.963 220.201 392.763-122.204 37.542-214.893 196.511-220.2 389.397-4.661 5.049-7.638 11.651-7.638 19.03v5.825h566.49v-5.825c0-7.379-2.849-13.981-7.509-18.9-5.049-193.016-97.867-351.985-220.2-389.527 123.24-37.67 216.446-198.453 220.588-392.892zM531.16 450.445v352.632c117.674 1.553 211.787 40.778 211.787 88.676H304.097c0-48.286 95.149-87.382 213.728-88.676V450.445c-93.077-3.107-167.901-81.297-167.901-177.093 0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.793-15.793 8.803 0 15.794 6.99 15.794 15.793 0 80.261 63.69 145.635 142.01 145.635s142.011-65.374 142.011-145.635c0-8.803 6.99-15.793 15.794-15.793s15.793 6.99 15.793 15.793c0 95.019-73.789 172.82-165.96 177.093z"></path></svg><span>大约 10 分钟</span><meta property="timeRequired" content="PT10M"></span><!----><!----></div><hr></div><div class="toc-place-holder"><aside id="toc"><!--[--><!----><!--]--><div class="toc-header">此页内容<button class="print-button" title="打印"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon print-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="print icon"><path d="M819.2 364.8h-44.8V128c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v236.8h-44.8C145.067 364.8 96 413.867 96 473.6v192c0 59.733 49.067 108.8 108.8 108.8h44.8V896c0 17.067 14.933 32 32 32h460.8c17.067 0 32-14.933 32-32V774.4h44.8c59.733 0 108.8-49.067 108.8-108.8v-192c0-59.733-49.067-108.8-108.8-108.8zM313.6 160h396.8v204.8H313.6V160zm396.8 704H313.6V620.8h396.8V864zM864 665.6c0 25.6-19.2 44.8-44.8 44.8h-44.8V588.8c0-17.067-14.933-32-32-32H281.6c-17.067 0-32 14.933-32 32v121.6h-44.8c-25.6 0-44.8-19.2-44.8-44.8v-192c0-25.6 19.2-44.8 44.8-44.8h614.4c25.6 0 44.8 19.2 44.8 44.8v192z"></path></svg></button></div><div class="toc-wrapper"><ul class="toc-list"><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#语法定义" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">语法定义</a></li><ul class="toc-list"><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#整体描述" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">整体描述</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#into-子句" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">INTO 子句</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#使用变量占位符" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">使用变量占位符</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#指定目标序列为对齐序列" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">指定目标序列为对齐序列</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#不支持使用的查询子句" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">不支持使用的查询子句</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#其他要注意的点" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">其他要注意的点</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#应用举例" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">应用举例</a></li><ul class="toc-list"><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#实现-iotdb-内部-etl" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">实现 IoTDB 内部 ETL</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#查询结果存储" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">查询结果存储</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#非对齐序列转对齐序列" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level3">非对齐序列转对齐序列</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#相关用户权限" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">相关用户权限</a></li><!----><!--]--><!--[--><li class="toc-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Select-Into.html#相关配置参数" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active toc-link level2">相关配置参数</a></li><!----><!--]--></ul></div><!--[--><!----><!--]--></aside></div><!----><div class="theme-hope-content"><!-- |
| |
| Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one |
| or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file |
| distributed with this work for additional information |
| regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file |
| to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the |
| "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance |
| with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at |
| |
| http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| |
| Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, |
| software distributed under the License is distributed on an |
| "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY |
| KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the |
| specific language governing permissions and limitations |
| under the License. |
| |
| --><h1 id="查询写回-select-into" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#查询写回-select-into" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 查询写回(SELECT INTO)</h1><p><code>SELECT INTO</code> 语句用于将查询结果写入一系列指定的时间序列中。</p><p>应用场景如下:</p><ul><li><strong>实现 IoTDB 内部 ETL</strong>:对原始数据进行 ETL 处理后写入新序列。</li><li><strong>查询结果存储</strong>:将查询结果进行持久化存储,起到类似物化视图的作用。</li><li><strong>非对齐序列转对齐序列</strong>:对齐序列从0.13版本开始支持,可以通过该功能将非对齐序列的数据写入新的对齐序列中。</li></ul><h2 id="语法定义" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#语法定义" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 语法定义</h2><h3 id="整体描述" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#整体描述" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 整体描述</h3><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code>selectIntoStatement |
| : <span class="token keyword">SELECT</span> |
| resultColumn <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> resultColumn<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">INTO</span> intoItem <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> intoItem<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">FROM</span> prefixPath <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> prefixPath<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">WHERE</span> whereCondition<span class="token punctuation">]</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">BY</span> groupByTimeClause<span class="token punctuation">,</span> groupByLevelClause<span class="token punctuation">]</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">[</span>FILL {PREVIOUS <span class="token operator">|</span> LINEAR <span class="token operator">|</span> constant}<span class="token punctuation">]</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">LIMIT</span> rowLimit <span class="token keyword">OFFSET</span> rowOffset<span class="token punctuation">]</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">[</span>ALIGN <span class="token keyword">BY</span> DEVICE<span class="token punctuation">]</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| |
| intoItem |
| : <span class="token punctuation">[</span>ALIGNED<span class="token punctuation">]</span> intoDevicePath <span class="token string">'('</span> intoMeasurementName <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">','</span> intoMeasurementName<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token string">')'</span> |
| <span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h3 id="into-子句" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#into-子句" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>INTO</code> 子句</h3><p><code>INTO</code> 子句由若干个 <code>intoItem</code> 构成。</p><p>每个 <code>intoItem</code> 由一个目标设备路径和一个包含若干目标物理量名的列表组成(与 <code>INSERT</code> 语句中的 <code>INTO</code> 子句写法类似)。</p><p>其中每个目标物理量名与目标设备路径组成一个目标序列,一个 <code>intoItem</code> 包含若干目标序列。例如:<code>root.sg_copy.d1(s1, s2)</code> 指定了两条目标序列 <code>root.sg_copy.d1.s1</code> 和 <code>root.sg_copy.d1.s2</code>。</p><p><code>INTO</code> 子句指定的目标序列要能够与查询结果集的列一一对应。具体规则如下:</p><ul><li><strong>按时间对齐</strong>(默认):全部 <code>intoItem</code> 包含的目标序列数量要与查询结果集的列数(除时间列外)一致,且按照表头从左到右的顺序一一对应。</li><li><strong>按设备对齐</strong>(使用 <code>ALIGN BY DEVICE</code>):全部 <code>intoItem</code> 中指定的目标设备数和查询的设备数(即 <code>FROM</code> 子句中路径模式匹配的设备数)一致,且按照结果集设备的输出顺序一一对应。 为每个目标设备指定的目标物理量数量要与查询结果集的列数(除时间和设备列外)一致,且按照表头从左到右的顺序一一对应。</li></ul><p>下面通过示例进一步说明:</p><ul><li><strong>示例 1</strong>(按时间对齐)</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sh"><pre class="language-bash"><code>IoTDB<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token keyword">select</span> s1, s2 into root.sg_copy.d1<span class="token punctuation">(</span>t1<span class="token punctuation">)</span>, root.sg_copy.d2<span class="token punctuation">(</span>t1, t2<span class="token punctuation">)</span>, root.sg_copy.d1<span class="token punctuation">(</span>t2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> from root.sg.d1, root.sg.d2<span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| +--------------+-------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> <span class="token function">column</span><span class="token operator">|</span> target timeseries<span class="token operator">|</span> written<span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+-------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d1.s1<span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg_copy.d1.t1<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">8000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+-------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d2.s1<span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg_copy.d2.t1<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+-------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d1.s2<span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg_copy.d2.t2<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">12000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+-------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d2.s2<span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg_copy.d1.t2<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+-------------------+--------+ |
| Total line number <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">4</span> |
| It costs <span class="token number">0</span>.725s |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>该语句将 <code>root.sg</code> database 下四条序列的查询结果写入到 <code>root.sg_copy</code> database 下指定的四条序列中。注意,<code>root.sg_copy.d2(t1, t2)</code> 也可以写做 <code>root.sg_copy.d2(t1), root.sg_copy.d2(t2)</code>。</p><p>可以看到,<code>INTO</code> 子句的写法非常灵活,只要满足组合出的目标序列没有重复,且与查询结果列一一对应即可。</p><blockquote><p><code>CLI</code> 展示的结果集中,各列的含义如下:</p><ul><li><code>source column</code> 列表示查询结果的列名。</li><li><code>target timeseries</code> 表示对应列写入的目标序列。</li><li><code>written</code> 表示预期写入的数据量。</li></ul></blockquote><ul><li><strong>示例 2</strong>(按时间对齐)</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sh"><pre class="language-bash"><code>IoTDB<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token keyword">select</span> count<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1 + s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span>, last_value<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> into root.agg.count<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1_add_s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span>, root.agg.last_value<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> from root.sg.d1 group by <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span>, <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>, 10ms<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| +--------------------------------------+-------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> <span class="token function">column</span><span class="token operator">|</span> target timeseries<span class="token operator">|</span> written<span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------------------------------+-------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> count<span class="token punctuation">(</span>root.sg.d1.s1 + root.sg.d1.s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">|</span> root.agg.count.s1_add_s2<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------------------------------+-------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> last_value<span class="token punctuation">(</span>root.sg.d1.s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">|</span> root.agg.last_value.s2<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------------------------------+-------------------------+--------+ |
| Total line number <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span> |
| It costs <span class="token number">0</span>.375s |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>该语句将聚合查询的结果存储到指定序列中。</p><ul><li><strong>示例 3</strong>(按设备对齐)</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sh"><pre class="language-bash"><code>IoTDB<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token keyword">select</span> s1, s2 into root.sg_copy.d1<span class="token punctuation">(</span>t1, t2<span class="token punctuation">)</span>, root.sg_copy.d2<span class="token punctuation">(</span>t1, t2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> from root.sg.d1, root.sg.d2 align by device<span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| +--------------+--------------+-------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> device<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> <span class="token function">column</span><span class="token operator">|</span> target timeseries<span class="token operator">|</span> written<span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+--------------+-------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d1<span class="token operator">|</span> s1<span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg_copy.d1.t1<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">8000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+--------------+-------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d1<span class="token operator">|</span> s2<span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg_copy.d1.t2<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">11000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+--------------+-------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d2<span class="token operator">|</span> s1<span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg_copy.d2.t1<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">12000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+--------------+-------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d2<span class="token operator">|</span> s2<span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg_copy.d2.t2<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">9000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+--------------+-------------------+--------+ |
| Total line number <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">4</span> |
| It costs <span class="token number">0</span>.625s |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>该语句同样是将 <code>root.sg</code> database 下四条序列的查询结果写入到 <code>root.sg_copy</code> database 下指定的四条序列中。但在按设备对齐中,<code>intoItem</code> 的数量必须和查询的设备数量一致,每个查询设备对应一个 <code>intoItem</code>。</p><blockquote><p>按设备对齐查询时,<code>CLI</code> 展示的结果集多出一列 <code>source device</code> 列表示查询的设备。</p></blockquote><ul><li><strong>示例 4</strong>(按设备对齐)</li></ul><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sh"><pre class="language-bash"><code>IoTDB<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token keyword">select</span> s1 + s2 into root.expr.add<span class="token punctuation">(</span>d1s1_d1s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span>, root.expr.add<span class="token punctuation">(</span>d2s1_d2s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> from root.sg.d1, root.sg.d2 align by device<span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| +--------------+--------------+------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> device<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> <span class="token function">column</span><span class="token operator">|</span> target timeseries<span class="token operator">|</span> written<span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+--------------+------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d1<span class="token operator">|</span> s1 + s2<span class="token operator">|</span> root.expr.add.d1s1_d1s2<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+--------------+------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d2<span class="token operator">|</span> s1 + s2<span class="token operator">|</span> root.expr.add.d2s1_d2s2<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------+--------------+------------------------+--------+ |
| Total line number <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span> |
| It costs <span class="token number">0</span>.532s |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>该语句将表达式计算的结果存储到指定序列中。</p><h3 id="使用变量占位符" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#使用变量占位符" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 使用变量占位符</h3><p>特别地,可以使用变量占位符描述目标序列与查询序列之间的对应规律,简化语句书写。目前支持以下两种变量占位符:</p><ul><li>后缀复制符 <code>::</code>:复制查询设备后缀(或物理量),表示从该层开始一直到设备的最后一层(或物理量),目标设备的节点名(或物理量名)与查询的设备对应的节点名(或物理量名)相同。</li><li>单层节点匹配符 <code>${i}</code>:表示目标序列当前层节点名与查询序列的第<code>i</code>层节点名相同。比如,对于路径<code>root.sg1.d1.s1</code>而言,<code>${1}</code>表示<code>sg1</code>,<code>${2}</code>表示<code>d1</code>,<code>${3}</code>表示<code>s1</code>。</li></ul><p>在使用变量占位符时,<code>intoItem</code>与查询结果集列的对应关系不能存在歧义,具体情况分类讨论如下:</p><h4 id="按时间对齐-默认" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#按时间对齐-默认" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 按时间对齐(默认)</h4><blockquote><p>注:变量占位符<strong>只能描述序列与序列之间的对应关系</strong>,如果查询中包含聚合、表达式计算,此时查询结果中的列无法与某个序列对应,因此目标设备和目标物理量都不能使用变量占位符。</p></blockquote><h5 id="_1-目标设备不使用变量占位符-目标物理量列表使用变量占位符" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-目标设备不使用变量占位符-目标物理量列表使用变量占位符" aria-hidden="true">#</a> (1)目标设备不使用变量占位符 & 目标物理量列表使用变量占位符</h5><p><strong>限制:</strong></p><ol><li>每个 <code>intoItem</code> 中,物理量列表的长度必须为 1。<br>(如果长度可以大于1,例如 <code>root.sg1.d1(::, s1)</code>,无法确定具体哪些列与<code>::</code>匹配)</li><li><code>intoItem</code> 数量为 1,或与查询结果集列数一致。<br>(在每个目标物理量列表长度均为 1 的情况下,若 <code>intoItem</code> 只有 1 个,此时表示全部查询序列写入相同设备;若 <code>intoItem</code> 数量与查询序列一致,则表示为每个查询序列指定一个目标设备;若 <code>intoItem</code> 大于 1 小于查询序列数,此时无法与查询序列一一对应)</li></ol><p><strong>匹配方法:</strong> 每个查询序列指定目标设备,而目标物理量根据变量占位符生成。</p><p><strong>示例:</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s2 |
| <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg_copy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">(</span>::<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg_copy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg_copy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">(</span>${<span class="token number">3</span>}<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg_copy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2<span class="token punctuation">(</span>::<span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2<span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>该语句等价于:</p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s2 |
| <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg_copy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg_copy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg_copy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg_copy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2<span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>可以看到,在这种情况下,语句并不能得到很好地简化。</p><h5 id="_2-目标设备使用变量占位符-目标物理量列表不使用变量占位符" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-目标设备使用变量占位符-目标物理量列表不使用变量占位符" aria-hidden="true">#</a> (2)目标设备使用变量占位符 & 目标物理量列表不使用变量占位符</h5><p><strong>限制:</strong> 全部 <code>intoItem</code> 中目标物理量的数量与查询结果集列数一致。</p><p><strong>匹配方式:</strong> 为每个查询序列指定了目标物理量,目标设备根据对应目标物理量所在 <code>intoItem</code> 的目标设备占位符生成。</p><p><strong>示例:</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> d1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> d1<span class="token punctuation">.</span>s2<span class="token punctuation">,</span> d2<span class="token punctuation">.</span>s3<span class="token punctuation">,</span> d3<span class="token punctuation">.</span>s4 |
| <span class="token keyword">into</span> ::<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1_1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s2_2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2_2<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s3_3<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>${<span class="token number">2</span>}_copy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>::<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s4<span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h5 id="_3-目标设备使用变量占位符-目标物理量列表使用变量占位符" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-目标设备使用变量占位符-目标物理量列表使用变量占位符" aria-hidden="true">#</a> (3)目标设备使用变量占位符 & 目标物理量列表使用变量占位符</h5><p><strong>限制:</strong> <code>intoItem</code> 只有一个且物理量列表的长度为 1。</p><p><strong>匹配方式:</strong> 每个查询序列根据变量占位符可以得到一个目标序列。</p><p><strong>示例:</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg_bk<span class="token punctuation">.</span>::<span class="token punctuation">(</span>::<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>将 <code>root.sg</code> 下全部序列的查询结果写到 <code>root.sg_bk</code>,设备名后缀和物理量名保持不变。</p><h4 id="按设备对齐-使用-align-by-device" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#按设备对齐-使用-align-by-device" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 按设备对齐(使用 <code>ALIGN BY DEVICE</code>)</h4><blockquote><p>注:变量占位符<strong>只能描述序列与序列之间的对应关系</strong>,如果查询中包含聚合、表达式计算,此时查询结果中的列无法与某个物理量对应,因此目标物理量不能使用变量占位符。</p></blockquote><h5 id="_1-目标设备不使用变量占位符-目标物理量列表使用变量占位符-1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-目标设备不使用变量占位符-目标物理量列表使用变量占位符-1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> (1)目标设备不使用变量占位符 & 目标物理量列表使用变量占位符</h5><p><strong>限制:</strong> 每个 <code>intoItem</code> 中,如果物理量列表使用了变量占位符,则列表的长度必须为 1。</p><p><strong>匹配方法:</strong> 每个查询序列指定目标设备,而目标物理量根据变量占位符生成。</p><p><strong>示例:</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s2<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s3<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s4 |
| <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>backup_sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s2<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s3<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s4<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>backup_sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2<span class="token punctuation">(</span>::<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d3<span class="token punctuation">(</span>backup_${<span class="token number">4</span>}<span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2<span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d3 |
| align <span class="token keyword">by</span> device<span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h5 id="_2-目标设备使用变量占位符-目标物理量列表不使用变量占位符-1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-目标设备使用变量占位符-目标物理量列表不使用变量占位符-1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> (2)目标设备使用变量占位符 & 目标物理量列表不使用变量占位符</h5><p><strong>限制:</strong> <code>intoItem</code> 只有一个。(如果出现多个带占位符的 <code>intoItem</code>,我们将无法得知每个 <code>intoItem</code> 需要匹配哪几个源设备)</p><p><strong>匹配方式:</strong> 每个查询设备根据变量占位符得到一个目标设备,每个设备下结果集各列写入的目标物理量由目标物理量列表指定。</p><p><strong>示例:</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> <span class="token function">avg</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token function">sum</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token function">sum</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>s3<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token function">count</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>s4<span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>agg_${<span class="token number">2</span>}<span class="token punctuation">.</span>::<span class="token punctuation">(</span>avg_s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sum_s2_add_s3<span class="token punctuation">,</span> count_s4<span class="token punctuation">)</span> |
| <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span> |
| align <span class="token keyword">by</span> device<span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><h5 id="_3-目标设备使用变量占位符-目标物理量列表使用变量占位符-1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_3-目标设备使用变量占位符-目标物理量列表使用变量占位符-1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> (3)目标设备使用变量占位符 & 目标物理量列表使用变量占位符</h5><p><strong>限制:</strong> <code>intoItem</code> 只有一个且物理量列表的长度为 1。</p><p><strong>匹配方式:</strong> 每个查询序列根据变量占位符可以得到一个目标序列。</p><p><strong>示例:</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">into</span> ::<span class="token punctuation">(</span>backup_${<span class="token number">4</span>}<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span> align <span class="token keyword">by</span> device<span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>将 <code>root.sg</code> 下每条序列的查询结果写到相同设备下,物理量名前加<code>backup_</code>。</p><h3 id="指定目标序列为对齐序列" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#指定目标序列为对齐序列" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 指定目标序列为对齐序列</h3><p>通过 <code>ALIGNED</code> 关键词可以指定写入的目标设备为对齐写入,每个 <code>intoItem</code> 可以独立设置。</p><p><strong>示例:</strong></p><div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sql"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">select</span> s1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> s2 <span class="token keyword">into</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg_copy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">(</span>t1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> t2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> aligned root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg_copy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2<span class="token punctuation">(</span>t1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> t2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>d2 align <span class="token keyword">by</span> device<span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>该语句指定了 <code>root.sg_copy.d1</code> 是非对齐设备,<code>root.sg_copy.d2</code>是对齐设备。</p><h3 id="不支持使用的查询子句" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#不支持使用的查询子句" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 不支持使用的查询子句</h3><ul><li><code>SLIMIT</code>、<code>SOFFSET</code>:查询出来的列不确定,功能不清晰,因此不支持。</li><li><code>LAST</code>查询、<code>GROUP BY TAGS</code>、<code>DISABLE ALIGN</code>:表结构和写入结构不一致,因此不支持。</li></ul><h3 id="其他要注意的点" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#其他要注意的点" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 其他要注意的点</h3><ul><li>对于一般的聚合查询,时间戳是无意义的,约定使用 0 来存储。</li><li>当目标序列存在时,需要保证源序列和目标时间序列的数据类型、压缩和编码方式、是否属于对齐设备等元数据信息一致。</li><li>当目标序列不存在时,系统将自动创建目标序列(包括 database)。</li><li>当查询的序列不存在或查询的序列不存在数据,则不会自动创建目标序列。</li></ul><h2 id="应用举例" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#应用举例" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 应用举例</h2><h3 id="实现-iotdb-内部-etl" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#实现-iotdb-内部-etl" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 实现 IoTDB 内部 ETL</h3><p>对原始数据进行 ETL 处理后写入新序列。</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sh"><pre class="language-bash"><code>IOTDB <span class="token operator">></span> SELECT preprocess_udf<span class="token punctuation">(</span>*<span class="token punctuation">)</span> INTO ::<span class="token punctuation">(</span>preprocessed_<span class="token variable">${3}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> FROM root.sg.*<span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| +-------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> <span class="token function">column</span><span class="token operator">|</span> target timeseries<span class="token operator">|</span> written<span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +-------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> preprocess_udf<span class="token punctuation">(</span>root.sg.d1.s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d1.preprocessed_s1<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">8000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +-------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> preprocess_udf<span class="token punctuation">(</span>root.sg.d1.s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d1.preprocessed_s1<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +-------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> preprocess_udf<span class="token punctuation">(</span>root.sg.d2.s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d2.preprocessed_s1<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">11000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +-------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> preprocess_udf<span class="token punctuation">(</span>root.sg.d2.s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.d2.preprocessed_s1<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">9000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +-------------------------------+---------------------------+--------+ |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>以上语句使用自定义函数对数据进行预处理,将预处理后的结果持久化存储到新序列中。</p><h3 id="查询结果存储" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#查询结果存储" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 查询结果存储</h3><p>将查询结果进行持久化存储,起到类似物化视图的作用。</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sh"><pre class="language-bash"><code>IOTDB <span class="token operator">></span> SELECT count<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span>, last_value<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span> INTO root.sg.agg_<span class="token variable">${2}</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>count_s1, last_value_s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span> FROM root.sg1.d1 GROUP BY <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span>, <span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>, 10ms<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| +--------------------------+-----------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> <span class="token function">column</span><span class="token operator">|</span> target timeseries<span class="token operator">|</span> written<span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------------------+-----------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> count<span class="token punctuation">(</span>root.sg.d1.s1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.agg_d1.count_s1<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------------------+-----------------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> last_value<span class="token punctuation">(</span>root.sg.d1.s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg.agg_d1.last_value_s2<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------------------+-----------------------------+--------+ |
| Total line number <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span> |
| It costs <span class="token number">0</span>.115s |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>以上语句将降采样查询的结果持久化存储到新序列中。</p><h3 id="非对齐序列转对齐序列" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#非对齐序列转对齐序列" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 非对齐序列转对齐序列</h3><p>对齐序列从 0.13 版本开始支持,可以通过该功能将非对齐序列的数据写入新的对齐序列中。</p><p><strong>注意:</strong> 建议配合使用 <code>LIMIT & OFFSET</code> 子句或 <code>WHERE</code> 子句(时间过滤条件)对数据进行分批,防止单次操作的数据量过大。</p><div class="language-bash line-numbers-mode" data-ext="sh"><pre class="language-bash"><code>IOTDB <span class="token operator">></span> SELECT s1, s2 INTO ALIGNED root.sg1.aligned_d<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s1, s2<span class="token punctuation">)</span> FROM root.sg1.non_aligned_d WHERE <span class="token function">time</span> <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token number">0</span> and <span class="token function">time</span> <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> |
| +--------------------------+----------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">source</span> <span class="token function">column</span><span class="token operator">|</span> target timeseries<span class="token operator">|</span> written<span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------------------+----------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg1.non_aligned_d.s1<span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg1.aligned_d.s1<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------------------+----------------------+--------+ |
| <span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg1.non_aligned_d.s2<span class="token operator">|</span> root.sg1.aligned_d.s2<span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">10000</span><span class="token operator">|</span> |
| +--------------------------+----------------------+--------+ |
| Total line number <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span> |
| It costs <span class="token number">0</span>.375s |
| </code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div><div class="line-number"></div></div></div><p>以上语句将一组非对齐的序列的数据迁移到一组对齐序列。</p><h2 id="相关用户权限" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#相关用户权限" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 相关用户权限</h2><p>用户必须有下列权限才能正常执行查询写回语句:</p><ul><li>所有 <code>SELECT</code> 子句中源序列的 <code>READ_TIMESERIES</code> 权限。</li><li>所有 <code>INTO</code> 子句中目标序列 <code>INSERT_TIMESERIES</code> 权限。</li></ul><p>更多用户权限相关的内容,请参考<a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Administration-Management/Administration.html" class="">权限管理语句</a>。</p><h2 id="相关配置参数" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#相关配置参数" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 相关配置参数</h2><ul><li><p><code>select_into_insert_tablet_plan_row_limit</code></p><table><thead><tr><th>参数名</th><th>select_into_insert_tablet_plan_row_limit</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>描述</td><td>写入过程中每一批 <code>Tablet</code> 的最大行数</td></tr><tr><td>类型</td><td>int32</td></tr><tr><td>默认值</td><td>10000</td></tr><tr><td>改后生效方式</td><td>重启后生效</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul></div><!----><footer class="page-meta"><div class="meta-item edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/edit/rel/1.0/docs/zh/UserGuide/Query-Data/Select-Into.md" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="发现错误?在 GitHub 上编辑此页" class="nav-link label"><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon edit-icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" fill="currentColor" aria-label="edit icon"><path d="M430.818 653.65a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-50.96-93.281l71.69-114.012 7.773-10.365L816.038 80.138A60.46 60.46 0 0 1 859.225 62a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 43.186 18.138l43.186 43.186a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 86.373L588.879 565.55l-8.637 8.637-117.466 68.234a60.46 60.46 0 0 1-31.958 11.229z"></path><path d="M728.802 962H252.891A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 62.008 771.98V296.934a190.883 190.883 0 0 1 190.883-192.61h267.754a60.46 60.46 0 0 1 0 120.92H252.891a69.962 69.962 0 0 0-69.098 69.099V771.98a69.962 69.962 0 0 0 69.098 69.098h475.911A69.962 69.962 0 0 0 797.9 771.98V503.363a60.46 60.46 0 1 1 120.922 0V771.98A190.883 190.883 0 0 1 728.802 962z"></path></svg><!--]-->发现错误?在 GitHub 上编辑此页<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!----></a></div><div class="meta-item git-info"><!----><!----></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Pagination.html" class="nav-link prev" aria-label="结果集分页"><div class="hint"><span class="arrow start"></span>上一页</div><div class="link"><!---->结果集分页</div></a><a href="/zh/UserGuide/V1.0.x/Query-Data/Continuous-Query.html" class="nav-link next" aria-label="连续查询"><div class="hint">下一页<span class="arrow end"></span></div><div class="link">连续查询<!----></div></a></nav><!----><!----><!--]--></main><!--]--><footer style="padding-bottom:2rem;"><span id="doc-version" style="display:none;">rel/1.0</span><p style="text-align:center;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;">Copyright © 2023 The Apache Software Foundation.<br> Apache and the Apache feather logo are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation</p><p style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;"><strong>Have a question?</strong> Connect with us on QQ, WeChat, or Slack. <a href="https://github.com/apache/iotdb/issues/1995">Join the community</a> now.</p><p style="text-align:center;margin-top:10px;color:#909399;font-size:12px;margin:0 30px;"> We use <a href="https://analytics.google.com">Google Analytics</a> to collect anonymous, aggregated usage information. </p></footer></div><!--]--><!--]--><!----><!--]--></div> |
| <script type="module" src="/assets/app-f2ec2f8e.js" defer></script> |
| </body> |
| </html> |