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| gitHub |
| <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></nav> <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>IoTDB User Guide (V0.9.x)</span> <!----></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>0-Get Started</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>1-Overview</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>2-Concept</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>3-Server</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>4-Client</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>5-Operation Manual</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/UserGuide/V0.9.x/5-Operation Manual/1-DDL Data Definition Language.html" class="sidebar-link">DDL (Data Definition Language)</a></li><li><a href="/UserGuide/V0.9.x/5-Operation Manual/2-DML Data Manipulation Language.html" class="sidebar-link">DML (Data Manipulation Language)</a></li><li><a href="/UserGuide/V0.9.x/5-Operation Manual/3-Account Management Statements.html" class="sidebar-link">Account Management Statements</a></li><li><a href="/UserGuide/V0.9.x/5-Operation Manual/4-SQL Reference.html" class="active sidebar-link">SQL Reference</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>6-System Tools</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>7-Ecosystem Integration</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>8-System Design</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="content content__default"><h1 id="sql-reference"><a href="#sql-reference" class="header-anchor">#</a> SQL Reference</h1> <p>In this part, we will introduce you IoTDB's Query Language. IoTDB offers you a SQL-like query language for interacting with IoTDB, the query language can be devided into 4 major parts:</p> <ul><li>Schema Statement: statements about schema management are all listed in this section.</li> <li>Data Management Statement: statements about data management (such as: data insertion, data query, etc.) are all listed in this section.</li> <li>Database Management Statement: statements about database management and authentication are all listed in this section.</li> <li>Functions: functions that IoTDB offers are all listed in this section.</li></ul> <p>All of these statements are write in IoTDB's own syntax, for details about the syntax composition, please check the <code>Reference</code> section.</p> <h2 id="show-version"><a href="#show-version" class="header-anchor">#</a> Show Version</h2> <div class="language-sql line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">show</span> version |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | 0.9.3| |
| +---------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| It costs 0.001s |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><h2 id="schema-statement"><a href="#schema-statement" class="header-anchor">#</a> Schema Statement</h2> <ul><li>Set Storage Group</li></ul> <div class="language-SQL line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-sql"><code><span class="token keyword">SET</span> STORAGE <span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">TO</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>PrefixPath<span class="token operator">></span> |
| Eg: IoTDB <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token keyword">SET</span> STORAGE <span class="token keyword">GROUP</span> <span class="token keyword">TO</span> root<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ln<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wf01<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wt01 |
| Note: PrefixPath can <span class="token operator">not</span> include <span class="token punctuation">`</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">`</span> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Delete Storage Group</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>DELETE STORAGE GROUP <PrefixPath> [COMMA <PrefixPath>]* |
| Eg: IoTDB > DELETE STORAGE GROUP root.ln.wf01.wt01 |
| Eg: IoTDB > DELETE STORAGE GROUP root.ln.wf01.wt01, root.ln.wf01.wt02 |
| Note: PrefixPath can not include `*` |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Create Timeseries Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>CREATE TIMESERIES <Timeseries> WITH <AttributeClauses> |
| AttributeClauses : DATATYPE=<DataTypeValue> COMMA ENCODING=<EncodingValue> [COMMA <ExtraAttributeClause>]* |
| DataTypeValue: BOOLEAN | DOUBLE | FLOAT | INT32 | INT64 | TEXT |
| EncodingValue: GORILLA | PLAIN | RLE | TS_2DIFF | REGULAR |
| ExtraAttributeClause: { |
| COMPRESSOR = <CompressorValue> |
| MAX_POINT_NUMBER = Integer |
| } |
| CompressorValue: UNCOMPRESSED | SNAPPY |
| Eg: IoTDB > CREATE TIMESERIES root.ln.wf01.wt01.status WITH DATATYPE=BOOLEAN, ENCODING=PLAIN |
| Eg: IoTDB > CREATE TIMESERIES root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature WITH DATATYPE=FLOAT, ENCODING=RLE |
| Eg: IoTDB > CREATE TIMESERIES root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature WITH DATATYPE=FLOAT, ENCODING=RLE, COMPRESSOR=SNAPPY, MAX_POINT_NUMBER=3 |
| Note: Datatype and encoding type must be corresponding. Please check Chapter 3 Encoding Section for details. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Delete Timeseries Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>DELETE TIMESERIES <PrefixPath> [COMMA <PrefixPath>]* |
| Eg: IoTDB > DELETE TIMESERIES root.ln.wf01.wt01.status |
| Eg: IoTDB > DELETE TIMESERIES root.ln.wf01.wt01.status, root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature |
| Eg: IoTDB > DELETE TIMESERIES root.ln.wf01.wt01.* |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Show All Timeseries Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SHOW TIMESERIES |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW TIMESERIES |
| Note: This statement can only be used in IoTDB Client. If you need to show all timeseries in JDBC, please use `DataBaseMetadata` interface. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Show Specific Timeseries Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SHOW TIMESERIES <Path> |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW TIMESERIES root |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW TIMESERIES root.ln |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW TIMESERIES root.ln.*.*.status |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW TIMESERIES root.ln.wf01.wt01.status |
| Note: The path can be prefix path, star path or timeseries path |
| Note: This statement can be used in IoTDB Client and JDBC. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Show Storage Group Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SHOW STORAGE GROUP |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW STORAGE GROUP |
| Note: This statement can be used in IoTDB Client and JDBC. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Count Timeseries Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>COUNT TIMESERIES <Path> |
| Eg: IoTDB > COUNT TIMESERIES root |
| Eg: IoTDB > COUNT TIMESERIES root.ln |
| Eg: IoTDB > COUNT TIMESERIES root.ln.*.*.status |
| Eg: IoTDB > COUNT TIMESERIES root.ln.wf01.wt01.status |
| Note: The path can be prefix path, star path or timeseries path. |
| Note: This statement can be used in IoTDB Client and JDBC. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>COUNT TIMESERIES <Path> GROUP BY LEVEL=<INTEGER> |
| Eg: IoTDB > COUNT TIMESERIES root GROUP BY LEVEL=1 |
| Eg: IoTDB > COUNT TIMESERIES root.ln GROUP BY LEVEL=2 |
| Eg: IoTDB > COUNT TIMESERIES root.ln.wf01 GROUP BY LEVEL=3 |
| Note: The path can be prefix path or timeseries path. |
| Note: This statement can be used in IoTDB Client and JDBC. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Count Nodes Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>COUNT NODES <Path> LEVEL=<INTEGER> |
| Eg: IoTDB > COUNT NODES root LEVEL=2 |
| Eg: IoTDB > COUNT NODES root.ln LEVEL=2 |
| Eg: IoTDB > COUNT NODES root.ln.wf01 LEVEL=3 |
| Note: The path can be prefix path or timeseries path. |
| Note: This statement can be used in IoTDB Client and JDBC. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Show All Devices Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SHOW Devices |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW Devices |
| Note: This statement can be used in IoTDB Client and JDBC. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Show Specific Devices Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SHOW DEVICES <PrefixPath> |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW DEVICES root |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW DEVICES root.ln |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW DEVICES root.*.wf01 |
| Note: The path can be prefix path or star path. |
| Note: This statement can be used in IoTDB Client and JDBC. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Show Child Paths of Root Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SHOW CHILD PATHS |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW CHILD PATHS |
| Note: This statement can be used in IoTDB Client and JDBC. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Show Child Paths Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SHOW CHILD PATHS <Path> |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW CHILD PATHS root |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW CHILD PATHS root.ln |
| Eg: IoTDB > SHOW CHILD PATHS root.ln.wf01 |
| Note: The path can only be prefix path. |
| Note: This statement can be used in IoTDB Client and JDBC. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><h2 id="data-management-statement"><a href="#data-management-statement" class="header-anchor">#</a> Data Management Statement</h2> <ul><li>Insert Record Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>INSERT INTO <PrefixPath> LPAREN TIMESTAMP COMMA <Sensor> [COMMA <Sensor>]* RPAREN VALUES LPAREN <TimeValue>, <PointValue> [COMMA <PointValue>]* RPAREN |
| Sensor : Identifier |
| Eg: IoTDB > INSERT INTO root.ln.wf01.wt01(timestamp,status) values(1509465600000,true) |
| Eg: IoTDB > INSERT INTO root.ln.wf01.wt01(timestamp,status) VALUES(NOW(), false) |
| Eg: IoTDB > INSERT INTO root.ln.wf01.wt01(timestamp,temperature) VALUES(2017-11-01T00:17:00.000+08:00,24.22028) |
| Eg: IoTDB > INSERT INTO root.ln.wf01.wt01(timestamp, status, temperature) VALUES (1509466680000, false, 20.060787); |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath> + <Path> = <Timeseries> |
| Note: The order of Sensor and PointValue need one-to-one correspondence |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Update Record Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>UPDATE <UpdateClause> SET <SetClause> WHERE <WhereClause> |
| UpdateClause: <prefixPath> |
| SetClause: <SetExpression> |
| SetExpression: <Path> EQUAL <PointValue> |
| WhereClause : <Condition> [(AND | OR) <Condition>]* |
| Condition : <Expression> [(AND | OR) <Expression>]* |
| Expression : [NOT | !]? TIME PrecedenceEqualOperator <TimeValue> |
| Eg: IoTDB > UPDATE root.ln.wf01.wt01 SET temperature = 23 WHERE time < NOW() and time > 2017-11-1T00:15:00+08:00 |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath> + <Path> = <Timeseries> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Delete Record Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>DELETE FROM <PrefixPath> [COMMA <PrefixPath>]* WHERE TIME LESSTHAN <TimeValue> |
| Eg: DELETE FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature WHERE time < 2017-11-1T00:05:00+08:00 |
| Eg: DELETE FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01.status, root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature WHERE time < NOW() |
| Eg: DELETE FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01.* WHERE time < 1509466140000 |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Select Record Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT <SelectClause> FROM <FromClause> [WHERE <WhereClause>]? |
| SelectClause : <SelectPath> (COMMA <SelectPath>)* |
| SelectPath : <FUNCTION> LPAREN <Path> RPAREN | <Path> |
| FUNCTION : ‘COUNT’ , ‘MIN_TIME’, ‘MAX_TIME’, ‘MIN_VALUE’, ‘MAX_VALUE’ |
| FromClause : <PrefixPath> (COMMA <PrefixPath>)? |
| WhereClause : <Condition> [(AND | OR) <Condition>]* |
| Condition : <Expression> [(AND | OR) <Expression>]* |
| Expression : [NOT | !]? <TimeExpr> | [NOT | !]? <SensorExpr> |
| TimeExpr : TIME PrecedenceEqualOperator (<TimeValue> | <RelativeTime>) |
| RelativeTimeDurationUnit = Integer ('Y'|'MO'|'W'|'D'|'H'|'M'|'S'|'MS'|'US'|'NS') |
| RelativeTime : (now() | <TimeValue>) [(+|-) RelativeTimeDurationUnit]+ |
| SensorExpr : (<Timeseries> | <Path>) PrecedenceEqualOperator <PointValue> |
| Eg: IoTDB > SELECT status, temperature FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE temperature < 24 and time > 2017-11-1 0:13:00 |
| Eg. IoTDB > SELECT * FROM root |
| Eg. IoTDB > SELECT * FROM root where time > now() - 5m |
| Eg. IoTDB > SELECT COUNT(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature < 25 |
| Eg. IoTDB > SELECT MIN_TIME(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature < 25 |
| Eg. IoTDB > SELECT MAX_TIME(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature > 24 |
| Eg. IoTDB > SELECT MIN_VALUE(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature > 23 |
| Eg. IoTDB > SELECT MAX_VALUE(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature < 25 |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <Path>(SelectClause) + <PrefixPath>(FromClause) = <Timeseries> |
| Note: If the <SensorExpr>(WhereClause) is started with <Path> and not with ROOT, the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath>(FromClause) + <Path>(SensorExpr) = <Timeseries> |
| Note: In Version 0.7.0, if <WhereClause> includes `OR`, time filter can not be used. |
| Note: There must be a space on both sides of the plus and minus operator appearing in the time expression |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Group By Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT <SelectClause> FROM <FromClause> WHERE <WhereClause> GROUP BY <GroupByClause> |
| SelectClause : <Function> [COMMA < Function >]* |
| Function : <AggregationFunction> LPAREN <Path> RPAREN |
| FromClause : <PrefixPath> |
| WhereClause : <Condition> [(AND | OR) <Condition>]* |
| Condition : <Expression> [(AND | OR) <Expression>]* |
| Expression : [NOT | !]? <TimeExpr> | [NOT | !]? <SensorExpr> |
| TimeExpr : TIME PrecedenceEqualOperator (<TimeValue> | <RelativeTime>) |
| RelativeTimeDurationUnit = Integer ('Y'|'MO'|'W'|'D'|'H'|'M'|'S'|'MS'|'US'|'NS') |
| RelativeTime : (now() | <TimeValue>) [(+|-) RelativeTimeDurationUnit]+ |
| SensorExpr : (<Timeseries> | <Path>) PrecedenceEqualOperator <PointValue> |
| GroupByClause : LPAREN <TimeUnit> (COMMA TimeValue)? COMMA <TimeInterval> (COMMA <TimeInterval>)* RPAREN |
| TimeUnit : Integer <DurationUnit> |
| DurationUnit : "ms" | "s" | "m" | "h" | "d" | "w" |
| TimeInterval: LBRACKET <TimeValue> COMMA <TimeValue> RBRACKET |
| Eg: SELECT COUNT(status), COUNT(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 where temperature < 24 GROUP BY(5m, [1509465720000, 1509466380000]) |
| Eg. SELECT COUNT (status), MAX_VALUE(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE time < 1509466500000 GROUP BY(5m, 1509465660000, [1509465720000, 1509466380000]) |
| Eg. SELECT MIN_TIME(status), MIN_VALUE(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE temperature < 25 and time < 1509466800000 GROUP BY (3m, 1509465600000, [1509466140000, 1509466380000], [1509466440000, 1509466620000]) |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <Path>(SelectClause) + <PrefixPath>(FromClause) = <Timeseries> |
| Note: If the <SensorExpr>(WhereClause) is started with <Path> and not with ROOT, the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath>(FromClause) + <Path>(SensorExpr) = <Timeseries> |
| Note: <TimeValue>(TimeInterval) needs to be greater than 0 |
| Note: First <TimeValue>(TimeInterval) in needs to be smaller than second <TimeValue>(TimeInterval) |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Fill Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT <SelectClause> FROM <FromClause> WHERE <WhereClause> FILL <FillClause> |
| SelectClause : <Path> [COMMA <Path>]* |
| FromClause : < PrefixPath > [COMMA < PrefixPath >]* |
| WhereClause : <WhereExpression> |
| WhereExpression : TIME EQUAL <TimeValue> |
| FillClause : LPAREN <TypeClause> [COMMA <TypeClause>]* RPAREN |
| TypeClause : <Int32Clause> | <Int64Clause> | <FloatClause> | <DoubleClause> | <BoolClause> | <TextClause> |
| Int32Clause: INT32 LBRACKET (<LinearClause> | <PreviousClause>) RBRACKET |
| Int64Clause: INT64 LBRACKET (<LinearClause> | <PreviousClause>) RBRACKET |
| FloatClause: FLOAT LBRACKET (<LinearClause> | <PreviousClause>) RBRACKET |
| DoubleClause: DOUBLE LBRACKET (<LinearClause> | <PreviousClause>) RBRACKET |
| BoolClause: BOOLEAN LBRACKET (<LinearClause> | <PreviousClause>) RBRACKET |
| TextClause: TEXT LBRACKET (<LinearClause> | <PreviousClause>) RBRACKET |
| PreviousClause : PREVIOUS [COMMA <ValidPreviousTime>]? |
| LinearClause : LINEAR [COMMA <ValidPreviousTime> COMMA <ValidBehindTime>]? |
| ValidPreviousTime, ValidBehindTime: <TimeUnit> |
| TimeUnit : Integer <DurationUnit> |
| DurationUnit : "ms" | "s" | "m" | "h" | "d" | "w" |
| Eg: SELECT temperature FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE time = 2017-11-01T16:37:50.000 FILL(float[previous, 1m]) |
| Eg: SELECT temperature,status FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE time = 2017-11-01T16:37:50.000 FILL (float[linear, 1m, 1m], boolean[previous, 1m]) |
| Eg: SELECT temperature,status,hardware FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE time = 2017-11-01T16:37:50.000 FILL (float[linear, 1m, 1m], boolean[previous, 1m], text[previous]) |
| Eg: SELECT temperature,status,hardware FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE time = 2017-11-01T16:37:50.000 FILL (float[linear], boolean[previous, 1m], text[previous]) |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath>(FromClause) + <Path>(SelectClause) = <Timeseries> |
| Note: Integer in <TimeUnit> needs to be greater than 0 |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Limit Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT <SelectClause> FROM <FromClause> [WHERE <WhereClause>] [LIMIT <LIMITClause>] [SLIMIT <SLIMITClause>] |
| SelectClause : [<Path> | Function]+ |
| Function : <AggregationFunction> LPAREN <Path> RPAREN |
| FromClause : <Path> |
| WhereClause : <Condition> [(AND | OR) <Condition>]* |
| Condition : <Expression> [(AND | OR) <Expression>]* |
| Expression: [NOT|!]?<TimeExpr> | [NOT|!]?<SensorExpr> |
| TimeExpr : TIME PrecedenceEqualOperator (<TimeValue> | <RelativeTime>) |
| RelativeTimeDurationUnit = Integer ('Y'|'MO'|'W'|'D'|'H'|'M'|'S'|'MS'|'US'|'NS') |
| RelativeTime : (now() | <TimeValue>) [(+|-) RelativeTimeDurationUnit]+ |
| SensorExpr : (<Timeseries>|<Path>) PrecedenceEqualOperator <PointValue> |
| LIMITClause : <N> [OFFSETClause]? |
| N : PositiveInteger |
| OFFSETClause : OFFSET <OFFSETValue> |
| OFFSETValue : NonNegativeInteger |
| SLIMITClause : <SN> [SOFFSETClause]? |
| SN : PositiveInteger |
| SOFFSETClause : SOFFSET <SOFFSETValue> |
| SOFFSETValue : NonNegativeInteger |
| NonNegativeInteger:= ('+')? Digit+ |
| Eg: IoTDB > SELECT status, temperature FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE temperature < 24 and time > 2017-11-1 0:13:00 LIMIT 3 OFFSET 2 |
| Eg. IoTDB > SELECT COUNT (status), MAX_VALUE(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE time < 1509466500000 GROUP BY(5m, 1509465660000, [1509465720000, 1509466380000]) LIMIT 3 |
| Note: The order of <LIMITClause> and <SLIMITClause> does not affect the grammatical correctness. |
| Note: <FillClause> can not use <LIMITClause> but not <SLIMITClause>. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Group By Device Statement</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>GroupbyDeviceClause : GROUP BY DEVICE |
| |
| Rules: |
| 1. Both uppercase and lowercase are ok. |
| Correct example: select * from root.sg1 group by device |
| Correct example: select * from root.sg1 GROUP BY DEVICE |
| |
| 2. GroupbyDeviceClause can only be used at the end of a query statement. |
| Correct example: select * from root.sg1 where time > 10 group by device |
| Wrong example: select * from root.sg1 group by device where time > 10 |
| |
| 3. The paths of the SELECT clause can only be single level. In other words, the paths of the SELECT clause can only be measurements or STAR, without DOT. |
| Correct example: select s0,s1 from root.sg1.* group by device |
| Correct example: select s0,s1 from root.sg1.d0, root.sg1.d1 group by device |
| Correct example: select * from root.sg1.* group by device |
| Correct example: select * from root group by device |
| Correct example: select s0,s1,* from root.*.* group by device |
| Wrong example: select d0.s1, d0.s2, d1.s0 from root.sg1 group by device |
| Wrong example: select *.s0, *.s1 from root.* group by device |
| Wrong example: select *.*.* from root group by device |
| |
| 4. The data types of the same measurement column should be the same across devices. |
| Note that when it comes to aggregated paths, the data type of the measurement column will reflect |
| the aggregation function rather than the original timeseries. |
| |
| Correct example: select s0 from root.sg1.d0,root.sg1.d1 group by device |
| root.sg1.d0.s0 and root.sg1.d1.s0 are both INT32. |
| |
| Correct example: select count(s0) from root.sg1.d0,root.sg1.d1 group by device |
| count(root.sg1.d0.s0) and count(root.sg1.d1.s0) are both INT64. |
| |
| Wrong example: select s0 from root.sg1.d0, root.sg2.d3 group by device |
| root.sg1.d0.s0 is INT32 while root.sg2.d3.s0 is FLOAT. |
| |
| 5. The display principle of the result table is that only when the column (or row) has existing data will the column (or row) be shown, with nonexistent cells being null. |
| For example, "select s0,s1,s2 from root.sg.d0, root.sg.d1, root.sg.d2 group by device". Suppose that the actual existing timeseries are as follows: |
| - root.sg.d0.s0 |
| - root.sg.d0.s1 |
| - root.sg.d1.s0 |
| |
| Then the header of the result table will be: [Time, Device, s0, s1]. |
| And you could expect a table like: |
| |
| | Time | Device | s0 | s1 | |
| | --- | --- | ---| ---| |
| | 1 |root.sg.d0| 20 | 2.5| |
| | 2 |root.sg.d0| 23 | 3.1| |
| | ... | ... | ...| ...| |
| | 1 |root.sg.d1| 12 |null| |
| | 2 |root.sg.d1| 19 |null| |
| | ... | ... | ...| ...| |
| |
| Note that the cells of measurement 's0' and device 'root.sg.d1' are all null. |
| Also note that the column of 's2' and the rows of 'root.sg.d2' are not existent. |
| |
| 6. The duplicated devices in the prefix paths are neglected. |
| For example, "select s0,s1 from root.sg.d0,root.sg.d0,root.sg.d1 group by device" is equal to "select s0,s1 from root.sg.d0,root.sg.d1 group by device". |
| For example. "select s0,s1 from root.sg.*,root.sg.d0 group by device" is equal to "select s0,s1 from root.sg.* group by device". |
| |
| 7. The duplicated measurements in the suffix paths are not neglected. |
| For example, "select s0,s0,s1 from root.sg.* group by device" is not equal to "select s0,s1 from root.sg.* group by device". |
| |
| 8. More correct examples: |
| - select * from root.vehicle group by device |
| - select s0,s0,s1 from root.vehicle.* group by device |
| - select s0,s1 from root.vehicle.* limit 10 offset 1 group by device |
| - select * from root.vehicle slimit 10 soffset 2 group by device |
| - select * from root.vehicle where time > 10 group by device |
| - select * from root.vehicle where root.vehicle.d0.s0>0 group by device |
| - select count(*) from root.vehicle group by device |
| - select sum(*) from root.vehicle GROUP BY (20ms,0,[2,50]) group by device |
| - select * from root.vehicle where time = 3 Fill(int32[previous, 5ms]) group by device |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br></div></div><h2 id="database-management-statement"><a href="#database-management-statement" class="header-anchor">#</a> Database Management Statement</h2> <ul><li>Create User</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>CREATE USER <userName> <password>; |
| userName:=identifier |
| password:=string |
| Eg: IoTDB > CREATE USER thulab 'pwd'; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Delete User</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>DROP USER <userName>; |
| userName:=identifier |
| Eg: IoTDB > DROP USER xiaoming; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Create Role</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>CREATE ROLE <roleName>; |
| roleName:=identifie |
| Eg: IoTDB > CREATE ROLE admin; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Delete Role</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>DROP ROLE <roleName>; |
| roleName:=identifier |
| Eg: IoTDB > DROP ROLE admin; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Grant User Privileges</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>GRANT USER <userName> PRIVILEGES <privileges> ON <nodeName>; |
| userName:=identifier |
| nodeName:=identifier (DOT identifier)* |
| privileges:= string (COMMA string)* |
| Eg: IoTDB > GRANT USER tempuser PRIVILEGES 'DELETE_TIMESERIES' on root.ln; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Grant Role Privileges</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>GRANT ROLE <roleName> PRIVILEGES <privileges> ON <nodeName>; |
| privileges:= string (COMMA string)* |
| roleName:=identifier |
| nodeName:=identifier (DOT identifier)* |
| Eg: IoTDB > GRANT ROLE temprole PRIVILEGES 'DELETE_TIMESERIES' ON root.ln; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Grant User Role</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>GRANT <roleName> TO <userName>; |
| roleName:=identifier |
| userName:=identifier |
| Eg: IoTDB > GRANT temprole TO tempuser; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Revoke User Privileges</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>REVOKE USER <userName> PRIVILEGES <privileges> ON <nodeName>; |
| privileges:= string (COMMA string)* |
| userName:=identifier |
| nodeName:=identifier (DOT identifier)* |
| Eg: IoTDB > REVOKE USER tempuser PRIVILEGES 'DELETE_TIMESERIES' on root.ln; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Revoke Role Privileges</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>REVOKE ROLE <roleName> PRIVILEGES <privileges> ON <nodeName>; |
| privileges:= string (COMMA string)* |
| roleName:= identifier |
| nodeName:=identifier (DOT identifier)* |
| Eg: IoTDB > REVOKE ROLE temprole PRIVILEGES 'DELETE_TIMESERIES' ON root.ln; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Revoke Role From User</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>REVOKE <roleName> FROM <userName>; |
| roleName:=identifier |
| userName:=identifier |
| Eg: IoTDB > REVOKE temproleFROM tempuser; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><ul><li>List Users</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>LIST USER |
| Eg: IoTDB > LIST USER |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><ul><li>List Roles</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>LIST ROLE |
| Eg: IoTDB > LIST ROLE |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><ul><li>List Privileges</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>LIST PRIVILEGES USER <username> ON <path>; |
| username:=identifier |
| path=‘root’ (DOT identifier)* |
| Eg: IoTDB > LIST PRIVIEGES USER sgcc_wirte_user ON root.sgcc; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><ul><li>List Privileges of Roles(On Specific Path)</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>LIST PRIVILEGES ROLE <roleName> ON <path>; |
| roleName:=identifier |
| path=‘root’ (DOT identifier)* |
| Eg: IoTDB > LIST PRIVIEGES ROLE wirte_role ON root.sgcc; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><ul><li>List Privileges of Users</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>LIST USER PRIVILEGES <username> ; |
| username:=identifier |
| Eg: IoTDB > LIST USER PRIVIEGES tempuser; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>List Privileges of Roles</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>LIST ROLE PRIVILEGES <roleName> |
| roleName:=identifier |
| Eg: IoTDB > LIST ROLE PRIVIEGES actor; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>List Roles of Users</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>LIST ALL ROLE OF USER <username> ; |
| username:=identifier |
| Eg: IoTDB > LIST ALL ROLE OF USER tempuser; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>List Users of Role</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>LIST ALL USER OF ROLE <roleName>; |
| roleName:=identifier |
| Eg: IoTDB > LIST ALL USER OF ROLE roleuser; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Alter Password</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>ALTER USER <username> SET PASSWORD <password>; |
| roleName:=identifier |
| password:=identifier |
| Eg: IoTDB > ALTER USER tempuser SET PASSWORD 'newpwd'; |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><h2 id="functions"><a href="#functions" class="header-anchor">#</a> Functions</h2> <ul><li>COUNT</li></ul> <p>The COUNT function returns the value number of timeseries(one or more) non-null values selected by the SELECT statement. The result is a signed 64-bit integer. If there are no matching rows, COUNT () returns 0.</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT COUNT(Path) (COMMA COUNT(Path))* FROM <FromClause> [WHERE <WhereClause>]? |
| Eg. SELECT COUNT(status), COUNT(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature < 24 |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath> + <Path> = <Timeseries> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>FIRST</li></ul> <p>The FIRST function returns the first point value of the choosen timeseries(one or more).</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT FIRST (Path) (COMMA FIRST (Path))* FROM <FromClause> [WHERE <WhereClause>]? |
| Eg. SELECT FIRST (status), FIRST (temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature < 24 |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath> + <Path> = <Timeseries> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>MAX_TIME</li></ul> <p>The MAX_TIME function returns the maximum timestamp of the choosen timeseries(one or more). The result is a signed 64-bit integer, greater than 0.</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT MAX_TIME (Path) (COMMA MAX_TIME (Path))* FROM <FromClause> [WHERE <WhereClause>]? |
| Eg. SELECT MAX_TIME(status), MAX_TIME(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature < 24 |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath> + <Path> = <Timeseries> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>MAX_VALUE</li></ul> <p>The MAX_VALUE function returns the maximum value(lexicographically ordered) of the choosen timeseries (one or more).</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT MAX_VALUE (Path) (COMMA MAX_VALUE (Path))* FROM <FromClause> [WHERE <WhereClause>]? |
| Eg. SELECT MAX_VALUE(status), MAX_VALUE(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature < 24 |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath> + <Path> = <Timeseries> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>AVG(Rename from <code>MEAN</code> at <code>V0.9.0</code>)</li></ul> <p>The AVG function returns the arithmetic mean value of the choosen timeseries over a specified period of time. The timeseries must be int32, int64, float, double type, and the other types are not to be calculated. The result is a double type number.</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT AVG (Path) (COMMA AVG (Path))* FROM <FromClause> [WHERE <WhereClause>]? |
| Eg. SELECT AVG (temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature < 24 |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath> + <Path> = <Timeseries> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>MIN_TIME</li></ul> <p>The MIN_TIME function returns the minimum timestamp of the choosen timeseries(one or more). The result is a signed 64-bit integer, greater than 0.</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT MIN_TIME (Path) (COMMA MIN_TIME (Path))*FROM <FromClause> [WHERE <WhereClause>]? |
| Eg. SELECT MIN_TIME(status), MIN_TIME(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature < 24 |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath> + <Path> = <Timeseries> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>MIN_VALUE</li></ul> <p>The MIN_VALUE function returns the minimum value(lexicographically ordered) of the choosen timeseries (one or more).</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT MIN_VALUE (Path) (COMMA MIN_VALUE (Path))* FROM <FromClause> [WHERE <WhereClause>]? |
| Eg. SELECT MIN_VALUE(status),MIN_VALUE(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature < 24 |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath> + <Path> = <Timeseries> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>NOW</li></ul> <p>The NOW function returns the current timestamp. This function can be used in the data operation statement to represent time. The result is a signed 64-bit integer, greater than 0.</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>NOW() |
| Eg. INSERT INTO root.ln.wf01.wt01(timestamp,status) VALUES(NOW(), false) |
| Eg. UPDATE root.ln.wf01.wt01 SET temperature = 23 WHERE time < NOW() |
| Eg. DELETE FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01.status, root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature WHERE time < NOW() |
| Eg. SELECT * FROM root WHERE time < NOW() |
| Eg. SELECT COUNT(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE time < NOW() |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><ul><li>SUM</li></ul> <p>The SUM function returns the sum of the choosen timeseries (one or more) over a specified period of time. The timeseries must be int32, int64, float, double type, and the other types are not to be calculated. The result is a double type number.</p> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SELECT SUM(Path) (COMMA SUM(Path))* FROM <FromClause> [WHERE <WhereClause>]? |
| Eg. SELECT SUM(temperature) FROM root.ln.wf01.wt01 WHERE root.ln.wf01.wt01.temperature < 24 |
| Note: the statement needs to satisfy this constraint: <PrefixPath> + <Path> = <Timeseries> |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><h2 id="ttl"><a href="#ttl" class="header-anchor">#</a> TTL</h2> <p>IoTDB supports storage-level TTL settings, which means it is able to delete old data |
| automatically and periodically. The benefit of using TTL is that hopefully you can control the |
| total disk space usage and prevent the machine from running out of disks. Moreover, the query |
| performance may downgrade as the total number of files goes up and the memory usage also increase |
| as there are more files. Timely removing such files helps to keep at a high query performance |
| level and reduce memory usage. The TTL operations in IoTDB are supported by the following three |
| statements:</p> <ul><li>Set TTL</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SET TTL TO StorageGroupName TTLTime |
| Eg. SET TTL TO root.group1 3600000 |
| This example means that for data in root.group1, only that of the latest 1 hour will remain, the |
| older one is removed or made invisible. |
| Note: TTLTime should be millisecond timestamp. When TTL is set, insertions that fall |
| out of TTL will be rejected. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Unset TTL</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>UNSET TTL TO StorageGroupName |
| Eg. UNSET TTL TO root.group1 |
| This example means that data of all time will be accepted in this group. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><ul><li>Show TTL</li></ul> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>SHOW ALL TTL |
| SHOW TTL ON StorageGroupNames |
| Eg.1 SHOW ALL TTL |
| This example will show TTLs of all storage groups. |
| Eg.2 SHOW TTL ON root.group1,root.group2,root.group3 |
| This example will show TTLs of the specified 3 groups. |
| Notice: storage groups without TTL will show a "null" |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p>Notice: When you set TTL to some storage groups, data out of the TTL will be made invisible |
| immediately, but because the data files may contain both out-dated and living data or the data files may |
| be being used by queries, the physical removal of data is stale. If you increase or unset TTL |
| just after setting it previously, some previously invisible data may be seen again, but the |
| physically removed one is lost forever. In other words, different from delete statement, the |
| atomicity of data deletion is not guaranteed for efficiency concerns. So we recommend that you do |
| not change the TTL once it is set or at least do not reset it frequently, unless you are determined |
| to suffer the unpredictability.</p> <h1 id="reference"><a href="#reference" class="header-anchor">#</a> Reference</h1> <h2 id="keywords"><a href="#keywords" class="header-anchor">#</a> Keywords</h2> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Keywords for IoTDB (case insensitive): |
| ADD, BY, COMPRESSOR, CREATE, DATATYPE, DELETE, DESCRIBE, DROP, ENCODING, EXIT, FROM, GRANT, GROUP, LABLE, LINK, INDEX, INSERT, INTO, LOAD, MAX_POINT_NUMBER, MERGE, METADATA, ON, ORDER, PASSWORD, PRIVILEGES, PROPERTY, QUIT, REVOKE, ROLE, ROOT, SELECT, SET, SHOW, STORAGE, TIME, TIMESERIES, TIMESTAMP, TO, UNLINK, UPDATE, USER, USING, VALUE, VALUES, WHERE, WITH |
| |
| Keywords with special meanings (case insensitive): |
| * Data Types: BOOLEAN, DOUBLE, FLOAT, INT32, INT64, TEXT |
| * Encoding Methods: BITMAP, DFT, GORILLA, PLAIN, RLE, TS_2DIFF |
| * Compression Methods: UNCOMPRESSED, SNAPPY, GZIP, LZ0, ZDT, PAA, PLA |
| * Logical symbol: AND, &, &&, OR, | , ||, NOT, !, TRUE, FALSE |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><h2 id="identifiers"><a href="#identifiers" class="header-anchor">#</a> Identifiers</h2> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>QUOTE := '\''; |
| DOT := '.'; |
| COLON : ':' ; |
| COMMA := ',' ; |
| SEMICOLON := ';' ; |
| LPAREN := '(' ; |
| RPAREN := ')' ; |
| LBRACKET := '['; |
| RBRACKET := ']'; |
| EQUAL := '=' | '=='; |
| NOTEQUAL := '<>' | '!='; |
| LESSTHANOREQUALTO := '<='; |
| LESSTHAN := '<'; |
| GREATERTHANOREQUALTO := '>='; |
| GREATERTHAN := '>'; |
| DIVIDE := '/'; |
| PLUS := '+'; |
| MINUS := '-'; |
| STAR := '*'; |
| Letter := 'a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z'; |
| HexDigit := 'a'..'f' | 'A'..'F'; |
| Digit := '0'..'9'; |
| Boolean := TRUE | FALSE | 0 | 1 (case insensitive) |
| |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>StringLiteral := ( '\'' ( ~('\'') )* '\'' | '\"' ( ~('\"') )* '\"'); |
| eg. 'abc' |
| eg. 'abc' |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Integer := ('-' | '+')? Digit+; |
| eg. 123 |
| eg. -222 |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Float := ('-' | '+')? Digit+ DOT Digit+ (('e' | 'E') ('-' | '+')? Digit+)?; |
| eg. 3.1415 |
| eg. 1.2E10 |
| eg. -1.33 |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Identifier := (Letter | '_') (Letter | Digit | '_' | MINUS)*; |
| eg. a123 |
| eg. _abc123 |
| |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><h2 id="literals"><a href="#literals" class="header-anchor">#</a> Literals</h2> <div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>PointValue : Integer | Float | StringLiteral | Boolean |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>TimeValue : Integer | DateTime | ISO8601 | NOW() |
| Note: Integer means timestamp type. |
| |
| DateTime : |
| eg. 2016-11-16T16:22:33+08:00 |
| eg. 2016-11-16 16:22:33+08:00 |
| eg. 2016-11-16T16:22:33.000+08:00 |
| eg. 2016-11-16 16:22:33.000+08:00 |
| Note: DateTime Type can support several types, see Chapter 3 Datetime section for details. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>PrecedenceEqualOperator : EQUAL | NOTEQUAL | LESSTHANOREQUALTO | LESSTHAN | GREATERTHANOREQUALTO | GREATERTHAN |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Timeseries : ROOT [DOT <LayerName>]* DOT <SensorName> |
| LayerName : Identifier |
| SensorName : Identifier |
| eg. root.ln.wf01.wt01.status |
| eg. root.sgcc.wf03.wt01.temperature |
| Note: Timeseries must be start with `root`(case insensitive) and end with sensor name. |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>PrefixPath : ROOT (DOT <LayerName>)* |
| LayerName : Identifier | STAR |
| eg. root.sgcc |
| eg. root.* |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><div class="language- line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Path: (ROOT | <LayerName>) (DOT <LayerName>)* |
| LayerName: Identifier | STAR |
| eg. root.ln.wf01.wt01.status |
| eg. root.*.wf01.wt01.status |
| eg. root.ln.wf01.wt01.* |
| eg. *.wt01.* |
| eg. * |
| </code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div></div> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"> |
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